cairnn.

Brit.

/kɛːn/, U.S.

/kɛ(ə)rn/

Forms: Also 1500s–1700s carne, 1700s cairne, kairn, 1700s–1800s carn.

Etymology: modern Scottish form (compare bairn, wairn, airm, etc.) of earlier carn, < Gaelic carn masculine ‘heap of stones’. Found in Lowland Scots early in 16th cent., and subsequently in English, as a term of prehistoric archæology, and more widely and popularly in connection with the piles of stones used or raised by Ordnance Surveyors. The direct English representative of the Celtic would be carn, which is common on the Ordnance maps of Wales, and in local use with tourists in Wales. The word is found in all the Celtic languages; Old Irish carn, carnn, carnd occurs as neuter; Welsh, beside carn feminine ‘heap’, has carn masculine ‘hoof’ and ‘haft of knife’, etc., indicating an earlier sense ‘horn’. If these are to be identified, the word must be = the recorded Gaulish karn-on neuter ‘horn’; in which case the primary sense would apparently be ‘cairn on a mountain top’ i.e. the ‘horn’ on its ‘head’; which is quite possible, though not certain. The word enters into the names of various mountains in Scotland and Wales. Welsh has also the collective derivative carnedd, as in Carnedd Llewelyn, etc.

1. A pyramid of rough stones, raised for a memorial or mark of some kind:

a. as a memorial of some event, or a sepulchral monument over the grave of some person of distinction (cf. Genesis xxxi. 45, 2 Samuel xviii. 17, etc.). Hence, to add a stone to any one's cairn.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > obsequies > monument > [noun] > cairn

cairn1535

stalled cairn1937

society > communication > record > memorial or monument > [noun] > structure or erection > cairn

cairn1535

warlock1584

montjoy1653

raise1695

pike1751

obo1874

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 87 Towardis the middis of that carne on hicht Ane greit lang stone gart set on end vprycht.

a1600 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart 401 A cairne beside a croce.

1772 T. Pennant Voy. Hebrides 209 (Jam.) As long as the memory of the deceased endured, not a passenger went by without adding a stone to the heap..To this moment there is a proverbial expression among the highlanders allusive to the old practice; a suppliant will tell his patron, Curri mi cloch er do charne, I will add a stone to your cairn; meaning, when you are no more I will do all possible honor to your memory.

1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 424 Kairns, or piles collected for memorials of the dead.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iii. xxix. 87 On many a cairn's gray pyramid, Where urns of mighty chiefs lie hid.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. ii. 72 A large Carn of stones..about twenty-five feet high.

1878 H. M. Stanley Through Dark Continent I. vi. 137 We..raised a cairn of stones over his grave.

b. as a boundary-mark, a landmark on a mountain top or some prominent point, or an indication to arctic voyagers or travellers of the site of a cache or depôt of provisions.The local name of a summit-cairn in the south-east of Scotland and north of England previously to the period of the Ordnance Survey was man, as in Coniston Old Man, the High Man and Low Man on Helvellyn, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > [noun] > that which guides or leads > landmark > stone > pyramid of stones

cairn1770

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary > boundary mark > stone > pyramid of stones

cairn1770

man1800

1770 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) III. 398 The Highlands are bounded..by Carns, or heaps of stones laid in a row, south-west and north-east, from sea to sea.

1793 R. Burns Poems (ed. 2) II. 169 Ye hills, near neebors o' the starns, That proudly cock your cresting cairns.

1805 J. Grahame Sabbath 167 On the distant cairns the watcher's ear Caught doubtfully at times the breeze-borne note.

1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage xli. 546 I..erected a cairn and a flagstaff.

1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. iii. 63 The confines..are marked by the rude cairn or pile of stones erected at the boundary of their respective territories.

1871 6-in. Ordn. Map Eng. Sheet 78 Bangor, has many instances of ‘carn’.

1872 H. I. Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lake District (1879) 301 The cairn on the summit of Scawfell Pike will now be a distinct object, and easily gained.

1878 A. H. Markham Great Frozen Sea iv. 56 The depôt was placed on the north-easternmost island, and a large cairn was erected on the highest and most prominent point.

c. A mere pile of stones.

ΚΠ

1699 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 21 231 Three great Heaps of Stones in this Lake..we call Cairns in the Irish.

1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 74 I'll be a Brig when ye're a shapeless cairn!

2. Cairn terrier [said to be so named from being used to hunt among cairns] , the smallest breed of terrier in Great Britain, somewhat long in the body and deep in the ribs, with short straight legs and a shaggy coat; also elliptical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > terrier > [noun] > other types of

Irish terrier1798

Dandie Dinmont1851

Welsh terrier1857

Bedlington1867

Jack Russell1878

Airedale1880

Clydesdale1887

Border terrier1894

Manchester terrier1894

Sealyham1894

schnauzer1899

pinscher1906

Cairn terrier1910

Kerry blue terrier1922

Lakeland terrier1928

wheaten1943

Sydney silky1945

Manchester1971

Norfolk1971

wire1975

1910 Kennel Christmas No. 464/1 Cairn terriers promise to rank high in the near future, and already they are being bred to a fairly uniform standard.

1922 R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog xvii. 271 It is now rare to find a Cairn with a bad mouth.

1924 Westm. Gaz. 31 Oct. The handy little Sealyhams and Cairns.

1927 Brit. Weekly 27 Oct. 87/2 My small Cairn..makes a rush for the frog.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cairn
释义	cairnn. Brit. /kɛːn/, U.S. /kɛ(ə)rn/ Forms: Also 1500s–1700s carne, 1700s cairne, kairn, 1700s–1800s carn. Etymology: modern Scottish form (compare bairn, wairn, airm, etc.) of earlier carn, < Gaelic carn masculine ‘heap of stones’. Found in Lowland Scots early in 16th cent., and subsequently in English, as a term of prehistoric archæology, and more widely and popularly in connection with the piles of stones used or raised by Ordnance Surveyors. The direct English representative of the Celtic would be carn, which is common on the Ordnance maps of Wales, and in local use with tourists in Wales. The word is found in all the Celtic languages; Old Irish carn, carnn, carnd occurs as neuter; Welsh, beside carn feminine ‘heap’, has carn masculine ‘hoof’ and ‘haft of knife’, etc., indicating an earlier sense ‘horn’. If these are to be identified, the word must be = the recorded Gaulish karn-on neuter ‘horn’; in which case the primary sense would apparently be ‘cairn on a mountain top’ i.e. the ‘horn’ on its ‘head’; which is quite possible, though not certain. The word enters into the names of various mountains in Scotland and Wales. Welsh has also the collective derivative carnedd, as in Carnedd Llewelyn, etc. 1. A pyramid of rough stones, raised for a memorial or mark of some kind: a. as a memorial of some event, or a sepulchral monument over the grave of some person of distinction (cf. Genesis xxxi. 45, 2 Samuel xviii. 17, etc.). Hence, to add a stone to any one's cairn. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > monument > [noun] > cairn cairn1535 stalled cairn1937 society > communication > record > memorial or monument > [noun] > structure or erection > cairn cairn1535 warlock1584 montjoy1653 raise1695 pike1751 obo1874 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 87 Towardis the middis of that carne on hicht Ane greit lang stone gart set on end vprycht. a1600 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart 401 A cairne beside a croce. 1772 T. Pennant Voy. Hebrides 209 (Jam.) As long as the memory of the deceased endured, not a passenger went by without adding a stone to the heap..To this moment there is a proverbial expression among the highlanders allusive to the old practice; a suppliant will tell his patron, Curri mi cloch er do charne, I will add a stone to your cairn; meaning, when you are no more I will do all possible honor to your memory. 1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 424 Kairns, or piles collected for memorials of the dead. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iii. xxix. 87 On many a cairn's gray pyramid, Where urns of mighty chiefs lie hid. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. ii. 72 A large Carn of stones..about twenty-five feet high. 1878 H. M. Stanley Through Dark Continent I. vi. 137 We..raised a cairn of stones over his grave. b. as a boundary-mark, a landmark on a mountain top or some prominent point, or an indication to arctic voyagers or travellers of the site of a cache or depôt of provisions.The local name of a summit-cairn in the south-east of Scotland and north of England previously to the period of the Ordnance Survey was man, as in Coniston Old Man, the High Man and Low Man on Helvellyn, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > [noun] > that which guides or leads > landmark > stone > pyramid of stones cairn1770 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary > boundary mark > stone > pyramid of stones cairn1770 man1800 1770 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) III. 398 The Highlands are bounded..by Carns, or heaps of stones laid in a row, south-west and north-east, from sea to sea. 1793 R. Burns Poems (ed. 2) II. 169 Ye hills, near neebors o' the starns, That proudly cock your cresting cairns. 1805 J. Grahame Sabbath 167 On the distant cairns the watcher's ear Caught doubtfully at times the breeze-borne note. 1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage xli. 546 I..erected a cairn and a flagstaff. 1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. iii. 63 The confines..are marked by the rude cairn or pile of stones erected at the boundary of their respective territories. 1871 6-in. Ordn. Map Eng. Sheet 78 Bangor, has many instances of ‘carn’. 1872 H. I. Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lake District (1879) 301 The cairn on the summit of Scawfell Pike will now be a distinct object, and easily gained. 1878 A. H. Markham Great Frozen Sea iv. 56 The depôt was placed on the north-easternmost island, and a large cairn was erected on the highest and most prominent point. c. A mere pile of stones. ΚΠ 1699 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 21 231 Three great Heaps of Stones in this Lake..we call Cairns in the Irish. 1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 74 I'll be a Brig when ye're a shapeless cairn! 2. Cairn terrier [said to be so named from being used to hunt among cairns] , the smallest breed of terrier in Great Britain, somewhat long in the body and deep in the ribs, with short straight legs and a shaggy coat; also elliptical. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > terrier > [noun] > other types of Irish terrier1798 Dandie Dinmont1851 Welsh terrier1857 Bedlington1867 Jack Russell1878 Airedale1880 Clydesdale1887 Border terrier1894 Manchester terrier1894 Sealyham1894 schnauzer1899 pinscher1906 Cairn terrier1910 Kerry blue terrier1922 Lakeland terrier1928 wheaten1943 Sydney silky1945 Manchester1971 Norfolk1971 wire1975 1910 Kennel Christmas No. 464/1 Cairn terriers promise to rank high in the near future, and already they are being bred to a fairly uniform standard. 1922 R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog xvii. 271 It is now rare to find a Cairn with a bad mouth. 1924 Westm. Gaz. 31 Oct. The handy little Sealyhams and Cairns. 1927 Brit. Weekly 27 Oct. 87/2 My small Cairn..makes a rush for the frog. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cairnv. Etymology: < cairn n., or back-formation < cairned adj. transitive. To mark with a cairn. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > memorial or monument > record by monument [verb (transitive)] > mark with cairn cairn1937 1937 Geogr. Jrnl. 90 309 Points were fixed with the latter, and where possible cairned. Derivatives ˈcairning n. ΚΠ 1960 Guardian 12 Nov. 6/6 If any route marking is done in mountain districts, I hope it will be done by cairning. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.1535v.1937
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cairnn.

cairnv.

Derivatives