cainkainn.¹

Brit.

/keɪn/, U.S.

/keɪn/, Scottish English

/ken/, Irish English

/keːn/,

/kɒɪn/

Forms: Also Middle English can, Middle English– cane, 1500s– kane, 1600s kenne, 1700s– kain.

Etymology: < Celtic cáin, in Old Irish ‘statute law’, modern Irish ‘rent, tribute, fine’ (O'Reilly), Gaelic ‘fine, tribute, payment in kind’. According to Skene ( Celtic Scotl. III. 231) the primary meaning was ‘law’, whence it was applied to ‘any fixed payment exigible by law’.

Scottish and Irish English.

a. A portion of the produce of the soil payable to the landlord as rent; a rent paid in kind. In later times used only of the smaller articles, as poultry.

ΚΠ

c1190 Chartulary of St. Andrews 45 (Skene) Ab can et cuneveth et exercitu et auxilio.

1251 [Skene cites] Cain, Coneveth, Feacht, Sluaged, & Ich.

1612 Sc. Acts Jas. VI c. 10 Fewmales, kennes, annuel rents.

a1758 A. Ramsay Poems (1800) II. 525 (Jam.) The laird got a' to pay his kain.

1786 R. Burns Twa Dogs vii, in Poems 12 Our Laird gets in his racked rents, His coals, his kane, an' a' his stents.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian vii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 191 Deans..contrived to maintain his ground upon the estate by regular payment of mail duties, kain, arriage, carriage.., and all the various exactions now commuted for money, and summed up in the emphatic word rent.

1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 259 Under a tree on that inner island..the queen sits and gathers kain for the Evil One.

1876 J. Grant Hist. Burgh Schools Scotl. i. i. 7 The Cane of the lands..amounting to 40 Stones of cheese, 70 Measures of Barley, and a Sheep.

b. attributive.

ΚΠ

1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Canum This word, cane, signifies..tribute or dewtie, as cane fowles, cane cheis, cane aites, quhilk is paid be the tennant..as ane duty of the land.

1810 A. Cunningham et al. Remains Nithsdale & Galloway Song 280 (Jam.) It is hinted..that Kain Bairns were paid to Satan, and fealty done for reigning through his division of Nithsdale and Galloway.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 45 Cooped up in a convent, like a kain-hen in a cavey.

1872 C. Innes Lect. Sc. Legal Antiq. The cain fowls of a barony are quite well understood. Cain fowls are sometimes called reek hens—one payable from every house that reeked—every fire house.

c. figurative. to pay the cain: to ‘pay’ the penalty.

ΚΠ

a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1785) 156 Tho' they shou'd dearly pay the kane, An' get their tails weel sautit.

1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 149 To Death she's dearly pay'd the kane, Tam Samson's dead!

1794 in Ritson Sc. Songs II. 78 (Jam.) For Campbell rade, but Myrie staid, And sair he paid the kain, man.

2. (Ireland) A fine or penalty for an offence.

ΚΠ

1518 Rental Bk. Earl Kildare in Trans. Kilkenny Archæol. Soc. 2nd Ser. 4 123 Item half kanys & penalties w^tin the said Gleancappel.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

Cainn.²

Brit.

/keɪn/, U.S.

/keɪn/

Forms: Also Middle English–1500s Caym, Kaym, 1600s Caine, Kain, Kane.

The proper name of the first fratricide and murderer ( Genesis 4), used descriptively.

ΘΠ

the world > life > death > killing > man-killer or homicide > [noun] > murderer or assassin

banea800

murthereOE

quellerOE

manslaughta1225

manquellec1275

murderer1340

Cainc1380

drepera1400

sicariana1400

murder mana1450

interfector1450

murdrier1481

murdresara1500

assassin1531

cut-throat1535

cutter1569

baner1605

brave1606

bravo1609

dagger-mana1616

assassinate1621

assassinator1651

sword-taker1660

assassinant1662

banesman1870

hatchet man1876

murdermonger1900

hit-man1970

mechanic1972

contract killer1980

c1380 J. Wyclif Three Treat. xxiii, in Sel. Wks. III. 348 Þei bilden Caymes Castelis to harme of cuntreis.

c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 559 The karl of Kaymes kyn.

1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 217 Cankrit Caym, tryit trowane, Tutiuillus.

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid viii. Prol. 77 This cuntre is full of Caynis kyne.

Phrases

P1. to raise Cain: see raise v.¹ 22b colloquial (originally U.S.).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > public excitement > stir up or maintain public excitement [verb (intransitive)]

to make a scene of1804

agitate1828

to raise Cain1840

to whoop things up1873

society > society and the community > dissent > lack of peacefulness > cause a disturbance [verb (intransitive)]

to raise a dust1649

to stir up a hornets' nest1740

row1797

to kick up a shindy1829

to raise Cain1840

to raise the mischief1840

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [verb (intransitive)] > uproar or tumult

clamourc1400

rumblec1405

shout1513

racket1617

to keep a (bad, etc.) quarter1632

to raise a dust1649

obstreperate1765

row1797

uproar1834

to raise Cain1840

to raise the mischief1840

to raise (also lift) the roof1845

steven1855

tow-row1877

1840 Daily Pennant (St. Louis) 2 May Why have we every reason to believe that Adam and Eve were both rowdies? Because..they both raised Cain.

1841 ‘Dow, Jr.’ Short Patent Serm. xxix. 73 They will feel that they have been raising Cain and breaking things.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xx. 49 Topsy would hold a perfect carnival of confusion..in short, as Miss Ophelia phrased it, ‘raising Cain’ generally.

1869 H. B. Stowe Oldtown Folks xx. 242 I expect Susy's boys 'll be raising Cain round the house.

1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island i. iii. 20 If I get the horrors, I'm a man that has lived rough, and I'll raise Cain.

1901 R. D. Evans Sailor's Log 245 The Yorktown raised Cain, because she had a heavy following sea which made her roll very badly.

1930 J. B. Priestley Angel Pavement vii. 345 If we stand here talking another minute the mistress'll be raising Cain the way she'll say she's destroyed with the draught.

1943 T. W. Lawson Thirty Seconds over Tokyo ii. 29 I don't want any of you to raise Cain tonight.

1979 R. Laidlaw Lion is Rampant ii. 21 [They] have been putting the screws on him. They're going to raise Cain over..the other economic cut-backs.

P2. what in Cain: ‘what on earth’. U.S.

ΚΠ

1854 M. J. Holmes Tempest & Sunshine xii. 172 It had been there two weeks, and he didn't know what in cain to do with it.

Compounds

Cain-coloured adj. of the reputed colour of the hair of Cain, to whom, as to Judas Iscariot, a ‘red’ or reddish-yellow beard was attributed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > hair > hair on lower part of face > [adjective] > beard > types of

tatty1513

writhledc1600

whey-colour1602

Cain-coloureda1616

whey1663

shag-rag1868

Jesus1938

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) i. iv. 21 He hath but a little wee-face; with a little yellow Beard: a Caine colourd [1602 kane colored] Beard.

Derivatives

ˈCainian n. = Cainite n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Capharnaism > [noun]

Cainian1657

Capharnaism1828

1657 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1695) But straight turned Anabaptists, Quakers..And Mr. Gilbert Burnetans..Helvidians, Cainians.

ˈCainish adj. of the temper of Cain.

ΘΠ

the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > [adjective]

murderous1535

Cainish?1541

murdering1550

murderish1550

Herodian1581

slaughterous1582

death-doing1590

carnal1597

assassinating1609

man-killing?1611

assassinous1623

cut-throat?a1625

Cain-like1656

red-handed1781

assassinative1841

manquelling1916

?1541 M. Coverdale Confut. Standish Pref. sig. avj^v Some spice of Cainish stomake.

1685 H. More Illustr. Daniel & Revelation 377 Kainish persecutours.

Cainism n. the heresy of the Cainites.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Cainism > [noun]

Cainism1620

1620 Bp. J. Hall Honor Married Clergie i. xviii. 101 Censuring the opinion of Ambrose, as sauouring too strongly of Cainisme, and superstition.

ˈCainite n. (a) one of a sect of heretics in the second century who professed reverence for Cain and other wicked Scriptural characters; (b) a descendant of Cain; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > descendants of individuals

Cainite1645

Japhetan1764

Sassanid1776

Sassanian1855

society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Cainism > [noun] > person

Cainite1645

1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. 49 Possessed with a spirit of..scoffing, terming..us..Kainites.

1653 A. Ross Πανσεβεια vii. 178 The Caini..worshipped Cain as the Author of much goodnesse to Mankind.

1659 R. Gell Ess. Amendm. Transl. Bible 105 The Lord hath given superiority..unto the true Shem and all the Shemites..yea, unto Cain himself and the Cainites if they do well.

1764 A. Maclaine tr. J. L. von Mosheim Eccl. Hist. (1844) I. 64/2 The more obscure and less considerable of the Gnostic sects..[as] the Cainites, who treated as saints..Cain, Cora, Dathan, the inhabitants of Sodom, and even the traitor Judas.

1877 J. W. Dawson Origin of World xii. 255 Intermixture of Sethite and Cainite races.

Caiˈnitic adj. pertaining to Cain or the Cainites.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Cainism > [adjective]

Cainitic1882

1882 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. I. 358 Different turns in the Cainitic history.

ˈCain-like n.

ΘΠ

the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > [adjective]

murderous1535

Cainish?1541

murdering1550

murderish1550

Herodian1581

slaughterous1582

death-doing1590

carnal1597

assassinating1609

man-killing?1611

assassinous1623

cut-throat?a1625

Cain-like1656

red-handed1781

assassinative1841

manquelling1916

1656 Eirenicon 21 Lay by this Cain-like disposition.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cain
释义	cainkainn.¹ Brit. /keɪn/, U.S. /keɪn/, Scottish English /ken/, Irish English /keːn/, /kɒɪn/ Forms: Also Middle English can, Middle English– cane, 1500s– kane, 1600s kenne, 1700s– kain. Etymology: < Celtic cáin, in Old Irish ‘statute law’, modern Irish ‘rent, tribute, fine’ (O'Reilly), Gaelic ‘fine, tribute, payment in kind’. According to Skene ( Celtic Scotl. III. 231) the primary meaning was ‘law’, whence it was applied to ‘any fixed payment exigible by law’. Scottish and Irish English. 1. a. A portion of the produce of the soil payable to the landlord as rent; a rent paid in kind. In later times used only of the smaller articles, as poultry. ΚΠ c1190 Chartulary of St. Andrews 45 (Skene) Ab can et cuneveth et exercitu et auxilio. 1251 [Skene cites] Cain, Coneveth, Feacht, Sluaged, & Ich. 1612 Sc. Acts Jas. VI c. 10 Fewmales, kennes, annuel rents. a1758 A. Ramsay Poems (1800) II. 525 (Jam.) The laird got a' to pay his kain. 1786 R. Burns Twa Dogs vii, in Poems 12 Our Laird gets in his racked rents, His coals, his kane, an' a' his stents. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian vii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 191 Deans..contrived to maintain his ground upon the estate by regular payment of mail duties, kain, arriage, carriage.., and all the various exactions now commuted for money, and summed up in the emphatic word rent. 1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 259 Under a tree on that inner island..the queen sits and gathers kain for the Evil One. 1876 J. Grant Hist. Burgh Schools Scotl. i. i. 7 The Cane of the lands..amounting to 40 Stones of cheese, 70 Measures of Barley, and a Sheep. b. attributive. ΚΠ 1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Canum This word, cane, signifies..tribute or dewtie, as cane fowles, cane cheis, cane aites, quhilk is paid be the tennant..as ane duty of the land. 1810 A. Cunningham et al. Remains Nithsdale & Galloway Song 280 (Jam.) It is hinted..that Kain Bairns were paid to Satan, and fealty done for reigning through his division of Nithsdale and Galloway. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 45 Cooped up in a convent, like a kain-hen in a cavey. 1872 C. Innes Lect. Sc. Legal Antiq. The cain fowls of a barony are quite well understood. Cain fowls are sometimes called reek hens—one payable from every house that reeked—every fire house. c. figurative. to pay the cain: to ‘pay’ the penalty. ΚΠ a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1785) 156 Tho' they shou'd dearly pay the kane, An' get their tails weel sautit. 1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 149 To Death she's dearly pay'd the kane, Tam Samson's dead! 1794 in Ritson Sc. Songs II. 78 (Jam.) For Campbell rade, but Myrie staid, And sair he paid the kain, man. 2. (Ireland) A fine or penalty for an offence. ΚΠ 1518 Rental Bk. Earl Kildare in Trans. Kilkenny Archæol. Soc. 2nd Ser. 4 123 Item half kanys & penalties w^tin the said Gleancappel. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021). Cainn.² Brit. /keɪn/, U.S. /keɪn/ Forms: Also Middle English–1500s Caym, Kaym, 1600s Caine, Kain, Kane. The proper name of the first fratricide and murderer ( Genesis 4), used descriptively. ΘΠ the world > life > death > killing > man-killer or homicide > [noun] > murderer or assassin banea800 murthereOE quellerOE manslaughta1225 manquellec1275 murderer1340 Cainc1380 drepera1400 sicariana1400 murder mana1450 interfector1450 murdrier1481 murdresara1500 assassin1531 cut-throat1535 cutter1569 baner1605 brave1606 bravo1609 dagger-mana1616 assassinate1621 assassinator1651 sword-taker1660 assassinant1662 banesman1870 hatchet man1876 murdermonger1900 hit-man1970 mechanic1972 contract killer1980 c1380 J. Wyclif Three Treat. xxiii, in Sel. Wks. III. 348 Þei bilden Caymes Castelis to harme of cuntreis. c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 559 The karl of Kaymes kyn. 1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 217 Cankrit Caym, tryit trowane, Tutiuillus. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid viii. Prol. 77 This cuntre is full of Caynis kyne. Phrases P1. to raise Cain: see raise v.¹ 22b colloquial (originally U.S.). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > public excitement > stir up or maintain public excitement [verb (intransitive)] to make a scene of1804 agitate1828 to raise Cain1840 to whoop things up1873 society > society and the community > dissent > lack of peacefulness > cause a disturbance [verb (intransitive)] to raise a dust1649 to stir up a hornets' nest1740 row1797 to kick up a shindy1829 to raise Cain1840 to raise the mischief1840 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [verb (intransitive)] > uproar or tumult clamourc1400 rumblec1405 shout1513 racket1617 to keep a (bad, etc.) quarter1632 to raise a dust1649 obstreperate1765 row1797 uproar1834 to raise Cain1840 to raise the mischief1840 to raise (also lift) the roof1845 steven1855 tow-row1877 1840 Daily Pennant (St. Louis) 2 May Why have we every reason to believe that Adam and Eve were both rowdies? Because..they both raised Cain. 1841 ‘Dow, Jr.’ Short Patent Serm. xxix. 73 They will feel that they have been raising Cain and breaking things. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xx. 49 Topsy would hold a perfect carnival of confusion..in short, as Miss Ophelia phrased it, ‘raising Cain’ generally. 1869 H. B. Stowe Oldtown Folks xx. 242 I expect Susy's boys 'll be raising Cain round the house. 1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island i. iii. 20 If I get the horrors, I'm a man that has lived rough, and I'll raise Cain. 1901 R. D. Evans Sailor's Log 245 The Yorktown raised Cain, because she had a heavy following sea which made her roll very badly. 1930 J. B. Priestley Angel Pavement vii. 345 If we stand here talking another minute the mistress'll be raising Cain the way she'll say she's destroyed with the draught. 1943 T. W. Lawson Thirty Seconds over Tokyo ii. 29 I don't want any of you to raise Cain tonight. 1979 R. Laidlaw Lion is Rampant ii. 21 [They] have been putting the screws on him. They're going to raise Cain over..the other economic cut-backs. P2. what in Cain: ‘what on earth’. U.S. ΚΠ 1854 M. J. Holmes Tempest & Sunshine xii. 172 It had been there two weeks, and he didn't know what in cain to do with it. Compounds Cain-coloured adj. of the reputed colour of the hair of Cain, to whom, as to Judas Iscariot, a ‘red’ or reddish-yellow beard was attributed. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > hair on lower part of face > [adjective] > beard > types of tatty1513 writhledc1600 whey-colour1602 Cain-coloureda1616 whey1663 shag-rag1868 Jesus1938 a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) i. iv. 21 He hath but a little wee-face; with a little yellow Beard: a Caine colourd [1602 kane colored] Beard. View more context for this quotation Derivatives ˈCainian n. = Cainite n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Capharnaism > [noun] Cainian1657 Capharnaism1828 1657 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1695) But straight turned Anabaptists, Quakers..And Mr. Gilbert Burnetans..Helvidians, Cainians. ˈCainish adj. of the temper of Cain. ΘΠ the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > [adjective] murderous1535 Cainish?1541 murdering1550 murderish1550 Herodian1581 slaughterous1582 death-doing1590 carnal1597 assassinating1609 man-killing?1611 assassinous1623 cut-throat?a1625 Cain-like1656 red-handed1781 assassinative1841 manquelling1916 ?1541 M. Coverdale Confut. Standish Pref. sig. avj^v Some spice of Cainish stomake. 1685 H. More Illustr. Daniel & Revelation 377 Kainish persecutours. Cainism n. the heresy of the Cainites. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Cainism > [noun] Cainism1620 1620 Bp. J. Hall Honor Married Clergie i. xviii. 101 Censuring the opinion of Ambrose, as sauouring too strongly of Cainisme, and superstition. ˈCainite n. (a) one of a sect of heretics in the second century who professed reverence for Cain and other wicked Scriptural characters; (b) a descendant of Cain; also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > descendants of individuals Cainite1645 Japhetan1764 Sassanid1776 Sassanian1855 society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Cainism > [noun] > person Cainite1645 1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. 49 Possessed with a spirit of..scoffing, terming..us..Kainites. 1653 A. Ross Πανσεβεια vii. 178 The Caini..worshipped Cain as the Author of much goodnesse to Mankind. 1659 R. Gell Ess. Amendm. Transl. Bible 105 The Lord hath given superiority..unto the true Shem and all the Shemites..yea, unto Cain himself and the Cainites if they do well. 1764 A. Maclaine tr. J. L. von Mosheim Eccl. Hist. (1844) I. 64/2 The more obscure and less considerable of the Gnostic sects..[as] the Cainites, who treated as saints..Cain, Cora, Dathan, the inhabitants of Sodom, and even the traitor Judas. 1877 J. W. Dawson Origin of World xii. 255 Intermixture of Sethite and Cainite races. Caiˈnitic adj. pertaining to Cain or the Cainites. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Cainism > [adjective] Cainitic1882 1882 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. I. 358 Different turns in the Cainitic history. ˈCain-like n. ΘΠ the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > [adjective] murderous1535 Cainish?1541 murdering1550 murderish1550 Herodian1581 slaughterous1582 death-doing1590 carnal1597 assassinating1609 man-killing?1611 assassinous1623 cut-throat?a1625 Cain-like1656 red-handed1781 assassinative1841 manquelling1916 1656 Eirenicon 21 Lay by this Cain-like disposition. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1190n.²c1380
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cainkainn.1

Cainn.2

Phrases

Compounds

Derivatives

cainkainn.¹

Cainn.²