† cackereln.

/ˈkakərəl/

Forms: Also 1600s cackarel, cackrel.

Etymology: < obsolete French caquerel (also cagarel , cagaret ) Cotgrave, < Provençal cagarel , cagarello (also, according to Duhamel, gagarel , whence Cuvier's specific name gagarella ); apparently < Provençal cagar < Latin cacāre (see cack v.), with which the name is popularly associated. (Variously etymologized as ‘a fish which voids excrements when pursued’ or ‘which when eaten relaxes the bowels’; M. Paul Meyer suggests that the name is merely one of contempt = ‘méchant petit poisson’, ‘poisson chétif’. The allied Mæna is now in Provençal picarel, diminutive of picaro ‘rogue, rascal’.)

? Obsolete.

1. A small fish of the Mediterranean: the name is applied by the fishermen of Marseilles and Toulon to Smaris gagarella (Cuvier), and perhaps to other similar species of the same genus of small sea-breams. Early writers used the word to english Pliny's mæna ‘a kind of small sea-fish, eaten salted by the poor’, now the name of a genus closely akin to Smaris.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Sparidae (sea-breams) > [noun] > member of genus Smaris

cackerel1585

mendole1854

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator Mæna.. a cackrell, so called, because it maketh the eaters laxative: some take it for a herring or sprat.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 249 Cackarels change their colour: for these fishes being white all Winter, wax blacke when Summer comes.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 442 Salt Cackerels.

1632 R. Sherwood Dict. in R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues (new ed.) A cackerell (fish), cagarel, caquerel, cagaret, juscle: bocque, mandole, mendole, mene.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 187 Fish, whose ordinary abode is in salt waters, namely porpoise,—cackrel, skate, soles, etc.

1721–90 in N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Cackerel, a fish said to make those who eat it laxative.

2. [as if < cack n. and adj.] Dysentery (French caquesangue).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [noun] > dysentery

menisonc1250

flux1377

dysentery1382

bloody fluxa1398

fluxion1563

cackerel1659

apricot sickness1945

1659 J. Howell Ital. Prov. 19/2 in Παροιμιογραϕια May the Cackrel take him [transl. Italian cacasangue].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	cackerel
释义	† cackereln. /ˈkakərəl/ Forms: Also 1600s cackarel, cackrel. Etymology: < obsolete French caquerel (also cagarel , cagaret ) Cotgrave, < Provençal cagarel , cagarello (also, according to Duhamel, gagarel , whence Cuvier's specific name gagarella ); apparently < Provençal cagar < Latin cacāre (see cack v.), with which the name is popularly associated. (Variously etymologized as ‘a fish which voids excrements when pursued’ or ‘which when eaten relaxes the bowels’; M. Paul Meyer suggests that the name is merely one of contempt = ‘méchant petit poisson’, ‘poisson chétif’. The allied Mæna is now in Provençal picarel, diminutive of picaro ‘rogue, rascal’.) ? Obsolete. 1. A small fish of the Mediterranean: the name is applied by the fishermen of Marseilles and Toulon to Smaris gagarella (Cuvier), and perhaps to other similar species of the same genus of small sea-breams. Early writers used the word to english Pliny's mæna ‘a kind of small sea-fish, eaten salted by the poor’, now the name of a genus closely akin to Smaris. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Sparidae (sea-breams) > [noun] > member of genus Smaris cackerel1585 mendole1854 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator Mæna.. a cackrell, so called, because it maketh the eaters laxative: some take it for a herring or sprat. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 249 Cackarels change their colour: for these fishes being white all Winter, wax blacke when Summer comes. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 442 Salt Cackerels. 1632 R. Sherwood Dict. in R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues (new ed.) A cackerell (fish), cagarel, caquerel, cagaret, juscle: bocque, mandole, mendole, mene. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 187 Fish, whose ordinary abode is in salt waters, namely porpoise,—cackrel, skate, soles, etc. 1721–90 in N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Cackerel, a fish said to make those who eat it laxative. 2. [as if < cack n. and adj.] Dysentery (French caquesangue). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [noun] > dysentery menisonc1250 flux1377 dysentery1382 bloody fluxa1398 fluxion1563 cackerel1659 apricot sickness1945 1659 J. Howell Ital. Prov. 19/2 in Παροιμιογραϕια May the Cackrel take him [transl. Italian cacasangue]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.1585
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