yieldv.

Brit.

/jiːld/, U.S.

/jild/

Forms: 1. Present stem. a.

α. Old English geldan, Old English gieldan, Middle English elde, Middle English eylde, Middle English ȝeilde, Middle English ȝelde, Middle English ȝelden, Middle English ȝhelde, Middle English ȝheylde, Middle English ȝielde, Middle English yeilde, Middle English yhelde, Middle English (1600s Scottish) ȝeeld, Middle English (1600s Scottish) ȝeelde, Middle English (1700s Scottish) ȝield, Middle English–1500s ȝeld, Middle English–1500s yelde, Middle English–1600s ȝeild, Middle English–1600s yeeld, Middle English–1600s yeelde, Middle English–1600s yeild, Middle English–1600s yeld, Middle English– yield, 1500s ealde, 1500s–1600s yeald, 1600s eyld, 1600s yielde. c825 [see sense 2b]. c893 [see sense 1]. c897 [see sense 4]. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 19903 Whanne. & hu He wollde hiss dere kemmpe. Hiss mede ȝeldenn. c1250Yeld [see sense 6]. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 6369 Icholle wel þin mede ȝelde.1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 5503 Acount to yhelde of þair kepyng. ▸ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xlii. 22 And ther is not that seie, Ȝeeld.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28738 Resun to yield well better is O merci þan of cruelnes.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 260 Traistli armites [read acountes] sal we yeild.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 110 Scho sal þam ȝeld a hundreth fald.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 19472 To þe ihesu Gield I mi gaste.c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 9792 Darel fast he behelde, And seid, ‘Sir, crist you yelde Of this comyng.’c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 537/1 Ȝeelde þe goost, or deyyn. a1483Elde [see sense 10a]. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 33 To ȝeld or reskew strewilling.?a1500 Chester Pl. (Shaks. Soc.) 169 The high father of heaven I praie To eylde your good deed to daie.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ecclus. li. 1 I wil yelde prayse vnto thy name.1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxxvj^v Twoo so inuincible nacions, which neuer would yeild or bowe. 1572Yeald [see sense 17b]. 1598 Sir T. Norreys in Lismore Papers (1887) 2nd Ser. I. 16 His purpose is not to ealde the posesion.1611 W. Mure Misc. Poems i. 25 Ȝeeld to his powar.a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. vi. 13 How you shall bid God-eyld vs for your paines.1647 H. More Philos. Poems iii. App. xix That light Orb of air..must yielden evermore To phansies beck.1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms Pref. sig. (b)3 To yeeld him an intire Body of necessary Theology.c1730 A. Ramsay Some of Contents Ever-green ii He to best poets skairslie zields in ocht.

β. Old English gildan, Old English gyldan, Middle English ȝild, Middle English ȝilde, Middle English ȝulde, Middle English ȝulden, Middle English ȝyld, Middle English ȝylde, Middle English–1500s yild, Middle English–1500s yilde, 1500s ild (in God dild, etc.), 1500s ylde. c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxii. 4 Gif man cucu finde, þæt he stæl..gilde be twifealdon. a1122 [see sense 1]. a1122ȝulden [see sense 1]. a1300 Cursor Mundi 28833 Þe pouer man es like þe fild, Þat corn plente is wont to yild.c1305 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 58 An heȝere Justise Þat þe schal þe trecherie ȝulde. 1389ȝyld [see sense 2a]. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 80 Ȝild vp þi rewme.1493 Cov. Leet Bk. 550 Due therfor paying, gyffyng, or ȝilding. 1575God dylde [see sense 7a]. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vi. sig. E7^v That stubborne fort to yilde.1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 117 God dild you.

γ. Middle English ȝauld (Scottish), Middle English–1500s ȝald, Middle English–1500s yald. c1480 (a1400) St. James Great 142 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 101 Þat criste..can vs kene gud fore ewil to ȝald almene.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 824 He suld the castell ȝeld [1489 Adv. ȝauld] quytly.a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 553 He bidis yow your londe Ye yald hyme our.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. x. 136 He weltis our, and ȝaldis vp the breith.

δ. Middle English yolde. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 403 Yolde youe here to me.?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 55 Cownsaylenge theyme to yolde vp the cite.?1482 J. Kay tr. G. Caoursin Siege of Rhodes So that they wold knowlege hym as theyre souuerayn: and yerely yolde hym a lytyll trybute.

b. 2nd singular (contracted forms) Old English gieltst, Old English gilst, Old English giltst, Old English gyltst, Middle English ȝelst, Middle English yelst. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 729 Þou ȝelst nou my loue wroþe.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 38 Vor yef þe vinst and naȝt ne yelst, þou hit stelst. c. 3rd singular (contracted forms) Old English gielt, Old English gilt, Old English gylt, Middle English ȝeelt, Middle English ȝeldþ, Middle English ȝelt, Middle English ȝilt, Middle English yalte, Middle English yelt. c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xl. §7 Ælmihtig God..gilt ælcum æfter his gewyrhtum.a1175 Cott. Hom. 231 Elc ȝeelt efter his ȝearnunge.?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 172 Hwas is siker of suturs [read sucurs]..& ȝelt þach up his castel to his wiðerwines.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10514 Nu he me ȝilt [c1300 Otho ȝelt] mede for mire god dede.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 100 Ac ssropssire ȝeldþ haluendel to þulke bissopriche iwis.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 18 He..þet..yelt him kuead uor guod.c1400 Rom. Rose 4904 He chaungith purpos and entente And yalte into somme couente. 2. Past tense.

α. Old English geald, Middle English eild, Middle English ȝeald, Middle English ȝeelde, Middle English ȝeld, Middle English ȝelde, Middle English ȝiald, Middle English ȝilde, Middle English ȝylde, Middle English yeld, Middle English (1500s Scottish) ȝeild, Middle English–1500s yelde, 1500s yeild (Scottish), 1600s yeeld (Scottish). 971 [see sense 5a]. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 45 Ich ȝeald þat ich noht ne nam.a1225 Leg. Kath. 128 Ah se sone ha ȝeald ham swucche ȝeincleppes.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9216 He..ȝeld him is godnesse Þat he dude him. ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 95 Þe kyng Ieconias..ȝilde hym..to Nabugodonosor.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9484 Sathanas..To wais seruis straitt he him eild.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 6398 Þai ȝeild him ay ful littel thanc.14.. Sir Beues 4306 (Pynson) And both in armes yeld vp the gaste.1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 884 Ȝit hope and currage wan the feild, thocht dreid and danger not ȝeild.1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ix. 418 I yeeld to the Noble mans counsell, and giuing him all dutifull thankes, he sent a guide with mee.

β. Old English guldan (plural), Old English gulde (2nd singular), Old English guldon (plural), Middle English ȝuld (3rd singular), Middle English ȝuld (plural), Middle English ȝulde (2nd singular), Middle English ȝulde (plural), Middle English ȝulde (3rd singular), Middle English ȝulden (plural). OE Genesis 2421 Duguðum wlance drihtne guldon god mid gnyrne.c1000 Ags. Ps. cv. 26 [cvi. 36] Sceuccgyldum swyþe guldan.?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 297 Þu ȝulde þet þu achtest.c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 953 Al þe feldes þo wern y-fuld of dede..Saue an vewe þat leye & ȝulde & abide hure deþes stounde. ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 77 He ȝelde [MS. γ a ȝuld] vp þe goost. ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 269 Whan þe men of þe citee sigh þat þey ȝelde hem self [MS. γ hy ȝulde ham sylf].1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) III. 95 (MS. γ) Þeos þat ȝuld [v.r. ȝilde] ham wylfolych [L. isti qui sponte se dederunt].

γ. Middle English ȝold, Middle English ȝolde, Middle English ȝoulde, Middle English yolde, Middle English youlde, Middle English–1500s yold. In the earliest quots. a variant of ȝulde: see α b.c1275 Passion our Lord 61 in Old Eng. Misc. 39 Vor alle þe gode þat he heom dude, hi yolde him luþre mede.c1290 Beket 819 in S. Eng. Leg. 130 And þov ne ȝolde me þar-of none a-countes.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3847 & to þe king arthure hom ȝolde ech man þat was wys.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 11800 Þe castel of penneseie heo ȝolde vp þe kinge.c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 307 For hauke siluer he ȝold.1340–70 Alisaunder 304 Hur ȝates ȝeede þei too & youlden hem soone.c1420 Chron. Vilod. 562 Þe kyng of Denmarke ȝolde hym anone þo.a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 145 But aftirward alle went bak and ȝold hem to þe kyng.?1482 J. Kay tr. G. Caoursin Siege of Rhodes There he kneled downe and yolde thankynges..unto God.1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. xi. sig. Nn5 To her yold the flames.

δ. Chiefly northern Middle English ȝauld, Middle English ȝaulde, Middle English ȝialde, Middle English yalld, Middle English yauld, Middle English yhald, Middle English (1500s Scottish) ȝald, Middle English (1500s Scottish) ȝalde, 1500s (1800s Scottish) yald. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 390 To crist his bodi he ȝald.a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3661 Þe kinges sone of spayne..to hire ȝalde.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1208 Lelli yald he him his teind.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 19794 He hir raisid..And gialde hir quic up for þaim alle.a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxx Whanne it plesed vnto God, he yalde ayen the sight vnto this good man.c1480 (a1400) St. Lawrence 496 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 416 He..ȝauld þe spryt.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) ix. 320 Syne ȝald [1489 Adv. ȝauld] the castell to the king.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ii. ix. 46 The gaist he ȝald with habundance of blude.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 6499 He gird to þe ground, & þe gost yalde. 1554ȝald [see sense 14c]. 1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 168 The kirk-yard's coffins yald and broke.

ε. Middle English ȝalt, Middle English ȝalte, Middle English ȝelt, Middle English ȝelte, Middle English yalt, Middle English yelte, Middle English yilt. c1300 Seynt Mergrete in Legendae Catholicae (1840) 100 He..ȝelt hem her seruise With wel michel wouȝ.c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 927 & wele he ȝalt him his while.c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 261 Durst non oȝain him kiþe, Bot ȝalt him tour and toun.1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xii. 214 Why þat one thef on þe crosse creaunt hym ȝelt.1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 100 Ȝowre champioun chiualer..Ȝelt [v.rr. ȝelte, yelde, yilt] hym recreaunt.c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iii. xxv. 150 Whan j sigh that he hadde don euele, he yelte ayen the pens.

ζ. Middle English ȝeilded, Middle English ȝeldede, Middle English ȝeldid, Middle English ȝeldide, Middle English yeildyd, Middle English yeldid, Middle English yeldyd, Middle English yhelded, Middle English yyldyd, Middle English–1500s yelded, 1500s ȝeildit (Scottish), 1500s yealded, 1500s yeldit (Scottish), 1500s–1600s yeelded, 1600s–1700s yeilded, 1600s– yielded. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter vii. 4 If i ȝeldid ill til ȝeldand til me ill for goed.1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2272 He yhelded þe gast to God and dyghed.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 696 Alkines thing in diuers wise Ȝeilded to Adam þair seruise.c1440 York Myst. xli. 356 Whose wombe that yeildyd fresh and fayr.1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. v. 60 They opend the yates and yelded them vnto hym.a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 408 He..held wpe his handis to god and ȝeildit the spreit.1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 297 He yeelded unto nature, and ended his life.1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 241 The Mountaine..of it selfe..yeelded many wilde but pleasant fruits.1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 16 The King Yeilded. 1874 [see sense 10b].

η. Middle English yoldede. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 269 The citesynnes..yoldede the cite.

3. Past participle.

α. Old English golden, Middle English ȝholden, Middle English ȝolden, Middle English ȝoldine, Middle English ȝoldun, Middle English ȝoldyn, Middle English ȝoldyne, Middle English ȝoulden, Middle English yȝolden, Middle English yholden, Middle English yoldon, Middle English yoldun, Middle English y-yolden, Middle English (1500s Scottish) ȝoldin, Middle English–1500s yolden, Middle English–1500s yoldin, Middle English–1500s yoldyn, 1500s ȝowdin (Scottish), 1500s youlden, 1500s yowdin (Scottish), 1800s yowden (Scottish). a900 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 67/9 Et..retribuetur, and bið golden. OE² [see sense 6]. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1572 Ful iuel ichaue y-ȝolden it þe.a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxiv. 1 Body and saule, sall be ȝolden till þe in ierusalem.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 23192 Þar sal be yoldin him his hire.c1400 Rom. Rose 4556 Curtesie certeyn dide he me So mych that may not yolden be.c1450 Brut ii. 492 Þe town of Melun was yholden to þe Kynge.1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 67 b/1 Our lord hath yolden the malyce of Nabal on his owen heed.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 804 He set ane sege thar-to stoutly, And lay thair quhill it ȝoldyn was.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iii. 9 Quhy mycht I nocht on fieldis of Troy haue deid, And by thi richt hand ȝowdin furth my spreit?1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. iii. f. 25^v All the Cities..that had bene youlden vnto hym.1568 Christis Kirk on Grene in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 266 For hir saik he wes no^t ȝoldin.1836 M. Mackintosh Cottager's Daughter 62 O deed quo' William I am youden now.

β. Middle English ȝold, Middle English ȝulde, Middle English hyȝolde, Middle English iȝolde, Middle English iȝoulde, Middle English iȝulde, Middle English i-yolde, Middle English yȝolde, Middle English yȝulde, Middle English yolde, Middle English y-yolde, Middle English–1500s ȝolde, Middle English–1500s yold. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9223 Ar þe castel him were iȝolde.a1300 Floriz & Bl. 809 To hire he haþ iȝolde Twenti pond of ride golde.13.. Bonaventura's Medit. 346 Wheþer nat euyl be ȝulde for gode.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 73 Hou uirtues and guode dedes byeþ heȝliche yolde.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 163 Þ is dette ne may by uolliche y-yolde.1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. 2220 With-out assaut þe castel were y-ȝolde.a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxxviii Whanne they shalle be yolde ayenne an hundred folde more.a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 380 She aȝeine to hyme haith ansuer ȝolde.a1599 E. Spenser Canto Mutabilitie vii. xxx, in Faerie Queene (1609) sig. Ii2 To reape the ripened fruits the which the earth had yold.

γ. Middle English ȝeldyn, Middle English ȝheldyn, Middle English–1500s yelden, Middle English–1500s yeldene, 1500s yeldyn, 1500s–1600s yeelden. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. iii. ii. 276 Þat he Sulde bundyn and syne ȝeldyn [v.r. ȝoldin] be. ?1473Yelden [see sense 8a]. 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 14 This yere..was the towne of Rome yeldene to the emperor.1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 80 Thinke..what thou hast yelden to him againe.a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1593) i. sig. H6^v Klaius..who lately yelden [1622 yeelden] was To beare the bondes which Time nor wit could breake.

δ. Middle English iȝilde, Middle English iyelt, Middle English yelde, Middle English yȝeld, Middle English 1600s yeld, 1500s yeeld. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 485 Forto he hadde i-ȝilde hym þe castel of Newerk.a1400 Seuyn Sages (W.) 1698 Oure gode dede schal ben iuel i-yelt.1401 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 14 [He] hadd yȝeld op the Castell of Kermerdyn.c1440 Generydes 4781 Townys and Castelys are yelde to his hand.1578 G. Whetstone Promos & Cassandra: 1st Pt. v. iii. sig. Fij Who (wonne by loue) hast yeeld the spoyle of thy virginity?a1660 in J. T. Gilbert Contemp. Hist. Ireland (1880) II. 24 Mariborough was..treacherously yeld to Castlhauen the 9th of May.

ε. Middle English ȝeldid, Middle English iȝelded, Middle English yeldyde, Middle English–1500s yelded, 1500s–1600s yeelded, 1600s– yielded. c1460 Oseney Reg. 128, j.d. ȝerely to be i-ȝelded to me and to my heyres.1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xii. 304 I have yelded you agen that ye lended me right now. 1540Yelded [see sense 9]. 1561 T. Norton & T. Sackville Gorboduc v. ii Who fearing to be yelded fled before.1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxvi. 230 Before hee yeeld them obedience; unlesse he have yeelded it them already.1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 365 I should never have yielded to injustice from any fear of death.

ζ. Middle English yolded, Middle English yoldyd. 1449 R. Wenyngton in Paston Lett. & Papers (2005) III. 69 And ther they were yolded all the hundert schyppys to go wyth me in what port that me lust.a1466 W. Gregory Chron. in Hist. Coll. Citizen London (Camden) 115 The towne whythe grete sawte was yoldyd and wonne.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Common Germanic strong verb: Old English (West Saxon) gieldan, (Anglian & Kentish) geldan, past tense geald, guldon, past participle golden = Old Frisian gelda, ielda (West Frisian jilde, East Frisian jêlde, North Frisian jill), Old Saxon geldan, Middle Dutch g(h)elden (Dutch gelden), Old High German geltan, (Middle High German, German gelten), Old Norse gjalda, Gothic -gildan (in compounds fragildan, usgildan to compensate) < Old Germanic *gelðan, of which the ultimate relations are uncertain. This verb has had a remarkable sense-development in English owing to its having been used as an equivalent of Latin reddere and French rendre, or their compounds. In some of the related languages the word has shown tendencies to develop in the same directions, but the only generally surviving senses on the Continent are ‘to be worth, to be valid, to concern, apply to’, which are not represented at all in the English word.

Signification.

I. To pay, repay, requite.

†1. transitive. To give in payment, render as due, pay (money, a debt, tribute, tax, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > payment > pay money or things [verb (transitive)]

yieldc893

pay?c1225

spendc1450

make1473

redd1491

to pay in1623

betall1630

to pay away1731

fund1843

spring1851

c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. x. §1 Þæt him leofre wære wið hiene to feohtanne þonne gafol to gieldanne.

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xviii. 30 Donec redderet debitum, wið he gulde þæt scyld.

a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1014 Se cyning het gyldan þam here þe on Grenewic læg .xxi. þusend punda.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 296 Iþe euentid hwenne me ȝeld werchmen hare deies hure.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3675 Þu ahtest me to ȝulden [c1300 Otho ȝelde] gauel of þine londe.

a1300 Cursor Mundi 1985 And ȝeildes til your creatur Þe tend part o your labour.

c1330 Arth. & Merl. 5219 Today ich ȝeld ȝour rentes Wiþ hard woundes & deþ dentes.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxii. 104 Þis citee ȝeldez ȝerely to þe Grete Caan..l. thousand comacyes of florenes of gold.

c1450 Godstow Reg. 318 Symon Holle held j. Cotage, vj. acris of bond-lond, and shold yelde by the yere iij. shillings at two termes of the yere in even porcions.

1491 Act 7 Hen. VII. c. 19 §1 By the service of a redde rose..to the same late Kyng and his heires for all maner services to be yolden.

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 15 To performe their bargaines, to stand to their promises, & yelde their debtes.

1598 J. Manwood Treat. Lawes Forrest iv. §1. f. 21^v The killing of them [sc. foxes] is a breach of the kings Royal free Chase, and for that the offender shall yeelde a recompence.

1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea ii. xi. 272 Glocester yielded [L. reddebat] xxxvi Dicres of Iron and c. iron rods fitted to make nails for the Kings ships.

a. To give as due or of right, or as demanded or required; to render (service, obedience, account, reward, thanks, etc.). Now somewhat archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > give as due or fitting

doOE

yieldc1000

pay1340

attribute1523

render1567

society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (transitive)] > give as due or right

yieldc1000

c1000 Ags. Ps. (1835) cxviii[i]. 17 Gild þinum esne gode dæde.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5214 Lef faderr. ȝeld me nu Forr all min swinnc rihht mede.

a1225 Leg. Kath. 2248 Ich am her,..mid alle mine hirdmen, to ȝelden reisun for ham.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 141 Þencheð anan. þet he is ower feder ȝerde. & he wule ȝelden him his seruise.

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. viii. 175 Þer dede schullen a-rysen,..and a-Countes ȝelden How þou laddest þi lyf.

1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 3 Which wardeins schul gadere þe qwarterage..and trewelich ȝyld here acompt þerof.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 461 Qui suld i him seruise ȝeilde? All sal be at mine aun weilde.

a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 7420 Ȝeldeþ me homage alle.

c1400 tr. Secr. Secr., Gov. Lordsh. 49 With ioye y wente hoome ȝeldand to oure creatour gret þankynges.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xvii. xix. 717 They yelded hym honour and good aduenture.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xlix They shal yeld an accompt for it one day.

1588 J. Udall State Church of Eng. sig. I And so we her subiects should yeeld continual thanks vnto her highnesse.

c1610–15 tr. Gregory of Nazianzus Life St. Gorgonia in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 170 Seeing we haue beene reserued to yield these funerall speeches to our brother and sister.

1663 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim xxxviii That he might be moved to let go his right to punish us, and we not moved to be careless in yielding him the rest of his right which he hath to our..obedience.

1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. v. 121 What token canst thou give me, that we should yield credence to thee?

1831 G. P. R. James Philip Augustus II. ii Yield him obedience in lawful things.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxxvi. 56 We yield all blessing to the name Of Him that made them current coin.

†b. To perform (a promise), pay (a vow). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > carrying out > observance or carrying out a promise, law, etc. > observe or carry out a promise, law, etc. [verb (transitive)] > specifically a promise

yieldc825

to make (hold, pay, keep, yield or break) a vowc1290

redeem1795

the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > observe [verb (transitive)]

yieldc825

behold971

hold971

keepc1000

at-holdc1175

takec1300

spare1387

observec1391

to stand by ——c1405

to stick by ——a1530

to stand to ——1537

c825 Vesp. Psalter xlix. [l.] 14 Geld ðæm hestan gehat ð in.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xix. 21 Thei shul vouwe vouwes to the Lord, and ȝeelde.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 665 I schal..ȝelde þat I hyȝt.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. ix. [xiii.] Þei ȝolden vp here avowes.

c1400 tr. Secr. Secr., Gov. Lordsh. 110 Ȝelde þy hetynges.

†c. To give thanks to. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)]

thankc1200

grace?c1225

mercyc1390

yieldc1440

remercy1477

regracy1483

gratulatea1592

bethank1593

gratify1601

aggrate1633

to give thanks (thank, to do thank(s)1765

c1440 York Myst. x. 53 Nowe awe I gretely god to yeelde, That so walde telle me his entente.

†3. To pay for loss of or injury to (something); to make compensation for (loss or injury); to make up for, make good. (Also absol.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > pay as compensation [verb (transitive)] > compensate for

yieldeOE

compound1555

compromise1757

compensate1804

eOE Laws of Ælfred (Corpus Cambr. 173) Introd. xxii Gif hwa adelfe wæterpyt..& hine eft ne betyne, gelde swelc neat swelc ðær on befealle.

c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxii. 6 Gif fyr bærne mugan oððe standende æceras, gylde þone byrst þe þæt fyr ontende.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 31 Þah ic hefde al þet ic efre biȝet, ne mahtic ȝelden swa muchel swa ic habbe idon to herme.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 48 Ha is witi of his deað..& schal..ȝelde þe bestes lure.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 48 Heo schal ȝelde þe best þet þrin bið ifallen.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 31 Uor hi ne moȝe amendi ne yelde þe harmes þet hi habbeþ ydo, and hit behoueþ yelde oþer hongy.

†4. To pay back, repay; to give back, restore. (In later use mostly with again.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > giving back or restitution > give back [verb (transitive)]

yieldc897

agiveOE

again-setOE

restorec1325

acquitc1330

to pay outa1382

refundc1386

to give againa1400

quita1400

restituec1400

reliver1426

surrend1450

redeliver1490

refer1496

render1513

rebail1539

re-present1564

regive1575

to give backa1586

to turn back1587

relate1590

turn1597

returna1632

to hand back1638

redonate1656

reappropriate1659

re-cede1684

revert1688

replace1776

restitute1885

to kick back1926

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care liv. 425 Wenstu..hwæðer he hine mid ðy gehealdan mæge ðæt he him nauht mare on ne nime, ne ðæt ne gielde ðæt he ær nam?

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 79 Ȝif þu mare spenest of þine, hwan ic aȝen cherre, al ic þe ȝelde.

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 136 Schrift ȝelt eft al ðet god ðet we hefden uorloren.

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. v. 236 And ȝit I-chulle ȝelden aȝeyn ȝif I so muche haue.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1708 So ȝeply was ȝarked & ȝolden his state.

a1425 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Galba) l. 27867 Till wrang tane thing be ȝolden ogayne.

a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxx And whanne it plesed vnto God, he yalde ayen the sight vnto this good man.

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. xxi. 219 He ought to be yolden ageyn to his frendes.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 295 So peace that was loste by Adams synne, he restored & yelded ageyne.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Yeld eftesones a thinge receiued, or taken,..money borowed or suche like.

†5.

a. To give (something) in return for something received; to render, return (a benefit or injury, etc.); const. for. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > give in return

yield971

quita1400

gain-yield1435

render1477

answer1565

regive1575

return1584

to give backa1586

redound1597

retort1602

re-render1628

remete1647

971 Blickl. Hom. 223 Ne he nænigne man unrihtlice fordemde, ne nænigum yfel wiþ yfele geald.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 15 Ne scalt þu ȝelden vuel onȝein uuel nuða.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 141 As þe apostel seið. ne ȝelde ȝe neauer uuel for uuel.

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 292 It with kinde nevere stod A man to yelden evil for good.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4424 For þi leute and þi truthhede Ful iuel es yolden þe þi mede!

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i. x Euyll folk..for the good done to them, they yeld ageyne euyll.

1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxix Yuels for my goodnesse arne manyfolde to me yolden.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David (1823) vii. iv If I wrought not for his freedom's sake, Who causlesse now yeeldes me a hatefull hart: Then let my foe chase me.

b. To return (an answer, a greeting, or the like). Now only (with admixture of 10b or 14), to vouchsafe (an assent) to.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > answer > answer [verb (transitive)] > send answer in return

yield?c1225

return1554

remiss1633

the mind > language > statement > assent > [verb (transitive)] > vouchsafe an assent to

yield?c1225

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 54 He..þe sit & spekeð towart hire. & ȝeld him word aȝeinword.

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1987 Brengwain answere ȝolde.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 234 In hast þemperour hendely his gretyng him ȝeldes.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8166 And þair hailsing þai til him tald, Ful hendeli to þam he yald.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. CCCiii Than if we be touched w^t a sharpe worde we shall yelde a benigne & gentyll answere.

?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) ii. l. 936 in Shorter Poems (1967) 62 Venus agane ȝald thaym thair salusyng.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 226 And euer to his asking ane answer he ȝald.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. ii. 6 Leaue me your snatches, and yeeld mee a direct answere.

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. xvi. 179 As he yielded to this suggestion a ready and rapturous assent, they all rose.

1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues I. 107 To this Protagoras yields a reluctant assent.

†6. To give something in return for, make return for, pay for, repay; to reward, recompense, requite (an action, etc., in good or bad sense; often with dative of person). Often in God yield it you: cf. 7a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > treat one as he has been treated [verb (transitive)] > requite or pay back (a person) > an action

yieldOE

acquitc1330

requitec1440

recompensea1450

paya1500

quitc1515

requit1532

reacquite1534

repay1557

quittance1590

retribute1612

OE Genesis 413 Þonne he me na on leofran tid leanum ne meahte mine gife gyldan.

OE Genesis 1102 Min sceal swiðor mid grimme gryre golden wurðan fyll and feorhcwealm, þonne ic forð scio.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6239 Þatt heore daȝȝwhammlike swinnc. Beo daȝȝwhammlike hemm ȝoldenn.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 5 For þanne he wile ðere ȝelden elch man his hwile mid swilch mede swo he ernede here.

c1250 Kent. Serm. in Old Eng. Misc. 33 Clepe þo werkmen and yeld hem here trauail.

a1300 Assump. Virg. (Cambr.) 249 Thu hast made me ofte glad; Thu has done as my sone bad, My sone shal it yelde to the.

c1330 Arth. & Merl. 9241 He hadde iuel ȝolden þe kisseinge Þat Gvenour him ȝaf at his arminge.

?1370 Robt. Cisyle 128 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. I. 274 The portar ȝalde hym hys travayle, He smote hym agayne withowten fayle.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 319 Þat god for his grete miȝt al here god hem ȝeld.

a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 132 He..þinkeþ ȝelde his iniquite.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4996 ‘Sir’, þai said, ‘godd yeild [Fairf. ȝilde, Gött. ȝeild, Trin. Cambr. ȝelde] it yow’.

c1400 Gamelyn 368 If..thou thenke as thou seyst, god yelde it thee.

a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxxviii Suche good dedes, it is noble thinge to be do, and to vse, whanne they shall be yolde ayenne an hundred folde more.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 786/1 Where I can nat, God yelde it you.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7941 The dethe of þat doughty shalbe dere yolden With the blode of þi body.

absolute.1382 J. Wyclif Psalms cxxxvii[i]. 8 The Lord shal ȝelde for me.

7. With personal object (originally dative; sometimes with to). To reward, remunerate, recompense, repay.

a. in good or neutral sense: esp. (in later use only) in God yield (you, etc.), also corruptly God eyld.., God dild.., etc. (see god n. and int. Phrases 1c(b)(iii)), from c1400 to c1600 a common expression of gratitude or goodwill. Obsolete or rare (archaic).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)] > make grateful return for

yield971

apay1484

thanka1500

repay1587

retaliate1611

retally1639

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > reward or recompense [verb (transitive)]

foryield971

yield971

crownc1175

shipec1275

payc1330

to do meeda1350

rewardc1350

guerdonc1374

reguerdona1393

to do (one) whyc1400

quitc1400

recompense1422

salary1477

merit1484

requite1530

requit1532

reacquite1534

to pay home1542

remunerate1542

regratify1545

renumerate?1549

gratify?c1550

acquit1573

consider1585

regratiate1590

guerdonize1594

munerate1595

regratulate1626

reprise1677

sugar-plum1788

ameed1807

recompensate1841

the world > action or operation > advantage > [phrase] > for the sake of > wish for the benefit of (someone)

God yield (you, etc.)c1430

God save you!1530

(God) bless you!1598

971 Blickl. Hom. 123 Se ilca Drihten..us þonne wile..æghwylcum anum men gyldan & leanigean æfter his sylfes weorcum.

OE Beowulf 1184 Wene ic þæt he mid gode gyldan wille uncran eaferan.

a1175 Cott. Hom. 231 He..elc ȝeelt efter his ȝearnunge.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 803 God yelde him þer i ne may, Þat haueth me fed to þis day!

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2581 God it geald ðese wifes wel, On hom, on hagte, eddi sel.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1547 But loueliche lemman, oure lord mot þe ȝeld þat þi worþi wille was to come to me nouþe.

c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. cxlvii. 75 Whan þei weren trussed, grace dieu, god yilde hire wel, goodliche spak to me.

1454 Paston Lett. (1904) II. 331 Suster, God ȝelde ȝow for ȝowre labore fore me, for gaderyng of my mony.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1680 A Ml in this town Wold do hym worshipp..God hem ȝeld! so have þey offt or nowe.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxiii. 495 ‘Gramercy, sir,’ sayd the duke rycharde, ‘and god yelde you!’

1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle v. ii. sig. Ei Baily. God blesse you gammer Gurton. Gammer. God dylde you master mine.

1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 41 King How i'st with you sweete Ofelia? Ofelia Well God yeeld [1623 dil'd] you.

1608 G. Chapman Conspiracie Duke of Byron v. (ad fin.) Marry God dild him.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. ii. 33 Tend me to night two houres, I aske no more, And the Gods yeeld you for't.

1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 4 Heaven yield her for it.

†b. in bad sense: To take vengeance on, ‘pay out’. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > take vengeance on

yieldc1380

vengea1470

revenge?1526

avenge1633

society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict (retributive punishment) [verb (transitive)] > for an offence or on an offender > inflict retributive punishment upon

yieldc1380

putc1390

rewardc1400

pay?c1450

vengea1470

revenge?1526

avenge1633

to pay back1655

to pay off1699

to serve out1809

to pay out1849

c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 43 Myn is þe veniaunce, and I schal ȝelde hem in tyme.

1382 J. Wyclif Psalms xl. 11 [xli. 10] Thou.. Lord..aȝeen rere me, and I shal ȝelde to them.

a1400 Sir Beues (A.) 318 Al þat haþ me fader islawe,..Ich schel hem ȝilden [14.. MS. M. I shall be vengid].

II. To give or put forth, produce, furnish, exhibit.

a. To give forth from its own substance by a natural process, or in return for cultivation or labour; to produce, bear, generate (fruit, seed, vegetation, minerals, etc.); to put forth (a bud, shoot, etc.); †to bring forth, give birth to, bear (offspring). Now chiefly archaic or poetic.In first quot. with partitive object.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > bring forth, produce, or bear

bearOE

makea1325

showc1330

yielda1400

producea1513

carry1577

hatch1592

throw1738

the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth > yield or produce naturally

fruita1382

engendera1393

breeda1398

gendera1398

yielda1400

proferc1425

to bring out1545

generate1563

produce1585

brooda1625

to send forth1626

propagate1699

pan1873

the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > confine or deliver [verb (transitive)] > give birth

forthbring971

akenOE

haveOE

bearOE

to bring into the worldOE

teemOE

i-bereOE

to bring forthc1175

childc1175

reara1275

ofkenc1275

hatcha1350

makea1382

yielda1400

cleck1401

issue1447

engenderc1450

infant1483

deliver?a1518

whelp1581

world1596

yean1598

fall1600

to give (a person or thing) birth1615

to give birth to1633

drop1662

pup1699

born1703

to throw off1742

beteem1855

birth1855

parturiate1866

shell1890

to put to bed1973

bring-

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4720 Þof men ouer all has saun feilds, O corn es þar noght as þat yeilds.

?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 15 She this day hath rendred & yelden þe fruyt of her wombe a sone and a doughter.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 39^v The Female [hemp]..dooth yeelde a white flowre.

1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. ii. xvi. f. 90^v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Till they..spread or yeld their rootes down right into the soyle about them.

1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 14 For want of seede, land yeeldeth weede.

1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xxii. 70 Thy burden at the Sea, and call'd Marina, for she was yeelded there.

1611 Bible (King James) Gen. i. 29 Euery tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree yeelding seed.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage vii. xi. 595 The soile yeeldeth Cloues, Ginger, and Siluer.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. ii. 108 Iniurious Waspes, to feede on such sweet hony, And kill the Bees that yeelde it, with your stings.

1651 Bp. J. Hall Susurrium cum Deo xvi. 56 If I looke into my Orchard, I see the well-grafted Siens yield first a tender Bud.

1682 N. Grew Idea Philos. Hist. Plants 17 in Anat. Plants Turpentine, which, in Distillation, yieldeth Oyl and Water, both limpid.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 110 The sallacious Goat encreases more; And twice as largely yields her milky Store.

1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §25 Trees growing in low and shady places do not yield so good tar.

1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem.: Org. (1862) iii. §3. 194 They all combine with the elements of water and yield one of the acids homologous with formic acid.

1859 E. FitzGerald tr. Rubáiyát Omar Khayyám v. 2 But still the Vine her ancient Ruby yields.

figurative.1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xvi. 300 This mind of ours doth also yeeldfoorth words.1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xvi. 306 When did euer purenesse yeeld foorth corruption?

b. To furnish (a produce of so much). Also with up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land raising crops > [verb (transitive)] > produce

yielda1400

bring?1523

servea1577

grow1825

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12329 Þan quen it [sc. wheat] scorn was, weil it yalld A hundret o þair mettes tald.

1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. i. xiii. f. 38/1, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Eche acre of Whete..will yeeld commonly twentie bushelles.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 30^v The other kinde [of oats] is lyghter..and yeeldeth but little flowre.

?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 4 Inclosed Lands in many places doth yeild half as much, or as much more, as Lands in common fields.

1833 H. Martineau Briery Creek iii. 63 The farmer makes his land yield double by good tillage.

1888 P. Strutt in Homilist Sept. 391 I have seen a barrowful of crushed quartz-rock yield up at last..a little spoonful of gold.

c. To produce as a result; to give as a mathematical product. Now rare or Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematics > calculate or solve [verb (transitive)]

rimeeOE

calcule1377

numbera1382

accounta1387

casta1400

calk1401

computate1449

suppute?a1475

reckona1513

to cast up1539

yield1542

supputate1555

practise?a1560

calculate1570

compute1579

work1582

quantulate1610

resolve1613

find1714

to work out1719

solve1737

to figure out1854

1542 R. Record Ground of Artes i. f. Lviii I multiply the first numbre 3 into y^e second 40000, and it yeldeth 120000.

1593 T. Fale Horologiographia f. 31 The quotient Sine shall yeeld an arke, whose Complement shall be named the Complement repeated.

1876 R. H. Hutton Ess. (ed. 2) I. Pref. 26 Wherever two or more independent and equally worthy sources of information appear to yield up inconsistent results.

d. absol. To bear produce; to be productive or fertile. †Hence, to turn out (in a certain way).

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > be productive [verb (intransitive)]

yield1297

fruit1377

seeda1398

germ1483

buddle1581

fructuate1663

seminate1676

teem1746

spend1854

to lift well1959

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 5696 Þe erþe ȝeld betere & þet weder was murgore bi is daye..þan me er ysaye.

c1300 Prov. Hendyng in Sal. & Sat. (1848) 277 Lyþt chep luþere ȝeldes, quoþ Hendyng.

c1386 G. Chaucer Prol. 598 Wel wiste he by the droghte and by the reyn The yeldynge of his seed and of his greyn.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 498 A ȝere ȝernes ful ȝerne, & ȝeldez [MS reads ȝeldeȝ] neuer lyke.

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ii. v. 316 He couythe weil bathe ken and se Qwhat lande sulde ȝhelde or fertile be.

c1440 York Myst. x. 30 Sara was vncertan thanne That euere oure seede shulde sagates ȝelde.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. vi^v If the grounde be good put the more beanes to y^e pees and the better shall they yelde.

1639 J. Taylor Part Summers Trav. 14 A good Myne that doth hold out, and yield plentifully.

1760 R. Brown Compl. Farmer: Pt. 2 38 It makes corn to yield well.

1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. 1132/1 Spalding's Prolific Red Wheat..yields remarkably well, and weighs well in the bushel.

†9. (with complement.) To render, make, cause to be; also occasionally to make, cause (to do something).

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > cause to be or become

seta1000

workOE

makeOE

puta1382

turna1393

yieldc1430

breedc1460

rendera1522

devolve1533

cause1576

infer1667

c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. cli. 76 I haue a stoon þat to þe folk, whan j wole, yelt inuisible.

c1450 Mankind 733 in Macro Plays 27 My inwarde afflixcyon ȝeldyth me tedyouse wn-to yowur presens.

1540 J. Palsgrave in tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus i. i. sig. Div What? is not he yelded quiete (with these wordes)?

1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades v. 83 For doubt that this our forwardnesse may yeelde vs both to die.

1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades viii. 135 This threat and surly speech doth yeelde the Gods amazde and dum.

1609 J. Rainolds's Def. Judgm. Pref. sig. A ij^v That..holy man, whose learning..and pietie..may perhaps yeeld him more admirable to posteretie.

1610 T. Campion New Way Counter-point sig. E^v Example will yeeld it more plaine.

10. To give, in various senses.

†a. To deliver, hand over, present, offer. Also with up. Obsolete or merged in other senses.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > hand over to another

i-taechec888

outreacheOE

sellc950

beteacha1000

areachc1000

turnc1175

handsellc1225

betakec1250

deliverc1300

beken1330

yielda1382

disposec1384

resigna1387

livera1400

to turn overa1425

deputea1440

overgive1444

quit?c1450

surrend1450

surrender1466

renderc1480

to give over1483

despose1485

refer1547

to pass over1560

to set over1585

behight1590

tip1610

consign1632

delegate1633

skink1637

to hand over1644

delate1651

to turn off1667

to turn in1822

the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > offer [verb (transitive)]

i-bedea800

bidOE

make?a1160

forthc1200

bihedec1275

proffera1325

yielda1382

dressc1384

to serve fortha1393

dight1393

pretend1398

nurnc1400

offerc1425

profita1450

tent1459

tend1475

exhibit1490

propine1512

presentc1515

oblate1548

pretence1548

defer?1551

to hold forth1560

prefer1567

delatea1575

to give forth1584

tender1587

oppose1598

to hold out1611

shore1787

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. xxvii. 24 A croune shal be ȝolde [late vers. ȝouun] to thee.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8743 Me think..þe child be nawight don to ded, Bot he be yoldon to yond wijf.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10220 Ilkan to þe temple broght Sere giftes..All þair giftes þai ȝeld vp þar.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 67 Syþen riche forth runnen to reche honde-selle, Ȝeȝed ȝeres ȝiftes on hiȝ, ȝelde hem bi hond.

a1483 in L. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 316 Þ^t euery prentes..shall elde a brekefast to the forsayde M. and Wardons.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ii. i. 90 Where the holy Trinitie did first yeeld it selfe in sensible apparition to the world.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 7 Our soule Cannot but yeeld you forth to publique thankes.

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 102 No furious God bestorms our soil and skies, Nor yield our hands the bloody sacrifice.

b. To give as a favour, or as an act of grace; to grant, accord, allow, let (one) have, bestow.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > grant or allow to have

lenda900

unneeOE

titheeOE

i-unneeOE

reachOE

aleneOE

yatea1122

yielda1225

grant1297

vouchsafe1303

agrauntea1400

octroy1480

vouchsafe1587

beteem1600

stretch1711

accordc1820

a1225 Juliana 72 Schendeð hire nuðen ant ȝeldeð hire ȝarew borh.

a1300 K. Horn 1066 (Cambr.) King þe wise, Ȝeld me mi seruise. Rymenhild help me winne.

a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxx Afterwarde God yelde her that she had deseruid.

1575 G. Gascoigne Glasse of Gouernem. iii. iv. sig. Fiiii God is..bountifull, yelding vnto euery man that is industrious the open way to knowledge.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 15 Yeeld pytye; graunt mercy.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. xi. sig. Nn3^v To yield him loue she doth deny.

c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cxl. 19 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 237 Yeeld ô Lord, that eu'n the head of those That me enclose, of this their hott pursute May tast the frute.

1624 J. Davies Psalm iii in Wks. (Grosart) I. 365 His God to him not safety yeilds nor aid.

1825 W. Scott Betrothed xv, in Tales Crusaders II. 314 ‘I know but one [jugglers' feat],’ said Vidal, ‘and I will show it, if you will yield me some room.’

1842 Ld. Tennyson Miller's Daughter (rev. ed.) in Poems (new ed.) I. 109 And slowly was my mother brought To yield consent to my desire.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §6. 89 The King yielded the citizens the right of justice.

1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche iii. xxiv. 36 His name she never learned, Nor was his image yielded to her sight.

†c. To exercise, exert (a function, force, etc.); to deliver, deal (blows), to give (battle); to execute, inflict (a sentence, vengeance). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > put in effective operation

yieldc1315

underbear1382

to put forthc1390

showa1398

apply?c1400

to put outc1400

exercisec1405

to put toc1410

employ?1473

enforce1490

exerce1535

adhibit?1538

addict1562

endeavour?1575

work1591

address1598

to give stream to?1611

to lay out1651

exsert1665

exert1682

c1315 Shoreham vii. 893 God þe fader hys leue sone Engendrede out of alle wone,..Ac man haþ certayn tyme of elde Wanne he may engendrure ȝelde.

13.. Seuyn Sag. (W.) 1932 Thries misdede this womman bald, And thre vengaunces he hire yald.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2708 Þe selcouþ a-sautes þat þei samen ȝolde.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5872 And taron sett he men at ask Of ilk dai to yeild þair task.

a1400–50 Wars Alex. 3126 He..Bid buske him eft to þe bent vs bataill to ȝeld.

a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 2472 Smert boffettes they yeldyd there.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1177 Iche buerne on his best wise batell to yelde.

1561 B. Googe tr. ‘M. Palingenius’ Zodiake of Life (new ed.) v. sig. Ov Of custome long is nature bred and yeldes her force alway To vse that long time hath bene kept.

1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades i. 3 The rancor ceaseth not, til they do yeeld their vengeance due.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 118 b Christ..doth encourage them..which do yeld their endeuour..to performe y^e rule of the Gospell.

11. To give forth, emit, discharge; to utter. Also absol. Obsolete except as represented by weakened uses of other senses, as 8, 14.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)]

speakc825

queatheOE

forthdoc900

i-seggenc900

sayeOE

speak971

meleOE

quidOE

spella1000

forthbringc1000

givec1175

warpa1225

mootc1225

i-schirea1250

upbringa1250

outsay?c1250

spilec1275

talec1275

wisea1300

crackc1315

nevena1325

cast1330

rehearsec1330

roundc1330

spend1362

carpa1375

sermona1382

to speak outc1384

usea1387

minc1390

pronouncea1393

lancec1400

mellc1400

nurnc1400

slingc1400

tellc1400

wordc1400

yelpc1400

worka1425

utterc1444

outspeakc1449

yielda1450

arecchec1460

roose?a1475

cutc1525

to come forth with1532

bubble1536

prolate1542

report1548

prolocute1570

bespeak1579

wield1581

upbraid1587

up with (also mid) ——1594

name1595

upbrayc1600

discoursea1616

tonguea1616

to bring out1665

voice1665

emit1753

lip1789

to out with1802

pitch1811

go1836

to open one's head1843

vocabulize1861

shoot1915

verbal1920

be1982

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit

send971

stretchc1275

casta1300

sheda1325

manda1350

to throw outa1413

yielda1450

devoida1475

render1481

reflair1509

sup out1513

to give out1530

utter1536

spout1568

to give fortha1586

to let fly1590

to put out1614

eject1616

evacuate1622

ejaculate1625

emit1626

fling1637

outsend1647

exert1660

extramit1668

exclude1677

emane1708

extromita1711

evolve1772

emanate1797

discharge1833

exsert1835

to give off1840

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail lvi. l. 481 And the tombe owt blood gan ȝelde.

1535 D. Lindsay Satyre 4354 Scho riftit, routit, and maid sic stends, Scho ȝeild, and gaid at baith the ends.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Yeld forth licoure, or moystnes, exsudo.

1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. F.iv^v It causeth the stomacke to yeld from him that is within him.

1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades iv. 72 They cries and clamors yeeld.

1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. D4^v Ne is there shepheard..That dare..Blaspheme his powre, or termes vnworthie yield.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §22 So we finde that Violets..yeeld a pleasing Sent.

1853 M. Arnold Scholar Gipsy in Poems (new ed.) 202 Air-swept lindens yield Their scent.

1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 85 The huge pavilion slowly yielded up,..that which housed therein.

†12.

a. To give, render, state, declare, deliver, communicate (speech, or something expressible in speech, as a reason, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] > deliver (a speech, etc.)

yielda1350

say1463

give1834

a1350 St. Sextus 109 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 107 Decius Cesar..Demed þam al thre to ded. And when þe dome was ȝolden swa, Þan answerd þe dekins twa [etc.].

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Tim. vi. 13 Crist Jhesu, that ȝelde a witnessing vndir Pilat of Pounce.

a1400–50 Wars Alex. 5192 Lat þi semblance be sadd quen þou þi saȝe ȝildis.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 104 b Yeldyng the same in the Latine toung almost, which Basile before him dyd expresse most manifestly in the Greeke toung.

1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. i. 14 We haue no other reason to yeeld of our dooing, but onely this.

1589 Sir T. Smith's Common-welth (rev. ed.) iii. iv. 121 The order of proceeding to iudgment is by assent of voices, and open yeelding their minde in court.

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida i. sig. B3 Hast thou yeelded vp our fixt decree Vnto the Genoan Embassadour?

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iv. sig. G4 She were no woman, if shee could not yeelde strange language.

1607 S. Rowlands Diogines Lanthorne sig. E3^v Morrow (quoth he) Philosopher, I yeild thee time of day.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iii. i. 10 The reasons of our state I cannot yeelde .

1645 J. Ussher Body of Divinitie 43 What reason can you yeeld for this?

†b. To report as being so-and-so: = deliver v.¹ 14e. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > reporting > report [verb (transitive)]

i-telle971

reckOE

tella1382

brevea1400

reportc1450

recount1477

reapport1486

refera1500

renowna1500

relate1530

informa1533

recommend1533

reaccount1561

re-report1599

yielda1616

delatea1639

narrate1656

bulletin1838

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. v. 28 Anthonyo's dead. If thou say so Villaine, thou kil'st thy Mistris: But well and free, if thou so yeild him. There is Gold.

13.

a. To give so as to supply a need or serve a purpose; to give or provide for use, furnish, afford.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide, afford, or yield

givec1200

providec1425

supporta1449

utter1547

yield1548

offer1550

afforda1568

servea1577

award1582

presenta1586

produce1585

deliver1605

officiate1667

furnish1754

to throw up1768

scale1853

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxvi^v They could none otherwise do, but..yelde & geue hym a reasonable reward.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cclxxxij^v He made a goodly librarie, whiche yelded certen notable bookes afterwardes.

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 392/2 Castellum,..a conduit built with cocks and spowts to yeeld water.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David (1823) xviii. iv The cherubins their backs, the winds did yeild their wings To beare his sacred flight.

1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 1 Navigable rivers, which yeelde safe havens and roads.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 594 That there is such a beast in the world, both Pliny..and others, doe yeald erefrigable testimony.

1660 J. Childrey Britannia Baconica 103 This County also yeilds good store of Honey.

1664 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 4) i. 89 Making each several string yeild a clear sound.

1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 326 Man is an harp whose chords elude the sight, Each yielding harmony, dispos'd aright.

1836 W. Irving Astoria II. 128 The narrow valley..being watered by a running stream, yielded fresh pasturage.

1875 H. Spencer First Princ. (ed. 3) ii. v. §57. 185 A ball fastened to the end of an india-rubber string yields a clear idea of the correlation between perceptible activity and latent activity.

1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 251 Two flints struck together yielded fire.

b. To give rise to, cause, occasion (a state or feeling). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > give rise to

makeOE

breedc1200

wakea1325

wakenc1330

engendera1393

gendera1398

raisea1400

begetc1443

reara1513

ingener1513

ingenerate1528

to stir upc1530

yield1576

to pull ona1586

to brood up1586

to set afloat (on float)1586

spawn1594

innate1602

initiate1604

inbreed1605

irritate1612

to give rise to1630

to let in1655

to gig (out)1659

to set up1851

gin1887

the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)] > cause or give rise to an emotion

rearOE

arear?c1225

annoyc1300

movea1325

excite1393

raisea1400

lighta1413

stirc1430

provokec1450

provocate?a1475

rendera1522

to stir upc1530

excitate?1549

inspire1576

yield1576

to turn up1579

rouse1589

urge1594

incense1598

upraisea1600

upreara1600

irritate1612

awakena1616

recreate1643

pique1697

arouse1730

unlull1743

energize1753

evocate1827

evoke1856

vibe1977

1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas 709 But if it..might empaire, offende, or yeld anoy Unto the state.

1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades i. 15 Yeelding the Greekes a thorough feare, the Troyans courage hie.

1618 J. Taylor Pennyles Pilgrimage B 3 We made a field-bed in the field, Which sleepe, and rest, and much content did yeeld.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 448 The English Fleete..comming, yeelded no small feare to the affrighted Towne.

1746 W. Dunkin tr. Horace in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Epistles ii. ii. 120 [He] Yields Diversion to the gaping Throng.

1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 400 Curved forms and winding movements yield of themselves a certain satisfaction through the muscular sensibility of the eye.

c. To furnish or produce as profit, bring in.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] > bring in (a revenue)

raise1389

levy1469

to pull in?1529

to fetch again1535

to bring in?1548

yield1573

produce1585

answer1596

in1609

render1687

net1758

rent1775

realize1777

earn1847

recoup1868

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 31^v Good milchkowe & sound, yeldes yerely a pound.

1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 114 Rockes yeldinge small proffitte.

1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) v. iv, in Wks. I. 246 I frotted a jerkin, for a new-reuenu'd gentleman, yeelded me threescore crownes but this morning.

1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 96 I..please my self with the thoughts of what it would yeild me among the Chineeses, and the English.

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. xii. 152 I have sold the things. They have not yielded quite as much as they might have done.

1895 Manch. Guardian 14 Oct. 5/5 It has cost altogether Rx. 875,000, and will yield a revenue to the Government of Rx. 50,000.

†d. To present to view, exhibit. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > be or make visible [verb (transitive)] > present or exhibit

presenta1398

to come out witha1500

discover1600

yield1622

1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman xvi. 206 The valley yeelding so goodly a prospect, as I neuer beheld a better.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1654 (1955) III. 114 The stables are well order'd, & yeild a gracefull front.

1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World ii. 69 We had a clear view of Staten land, which yields a most uncomfortable landskip.

III. To surrender, give way, submit.

14.

a. To hand over, give up, relinquish possession of, surrender, resign. archaic or poetic.

(a) in material sense, esp. of surrendering a military position or forces to an enemy.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)]

forsakec893

forlet971

to reach upOE

agiveOE

yield?c1225

uptake1297

up-yield1297

yield1297

deliverc1300

to-yielda1375

overgivec1384

grant1390

forbeara1400

livera1400

forgoc1400

upgive1415

permit1429

quit1429

renderc1436

relinquish1479

abandonc1485

to hold up?1499

enlibertyc1500

surrender1509

cess1523

relent1528

to cast up?1529

resignate1531

uprender1551

demit1563

disclaim1567

to fling up1587

to give up1589

quittance1592

vail1593

enfeoff1598

revoke1599

to give off1613

disownc1620

succumb1632

abdicate1633

delinquish1645

discount1648

to pass away1650

to turn off1667

choke1747

to jack up1870

chuck up (the sponge)1878

chuckc1879

unget1893

sling1902

to jack in1948

punt1966

to-leave-

society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (transitive)] > surrender (a town, etc.)

yield1297

ayield1450

render1481

surrender1509

capitulate1610

to lay down (one's) arms1659

to ground arms1855

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3366 Þat hii ssolde him þe castel ȝelde ar he wiþ strengþe him nome.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2717 Do nu wel with-uten fiht, Yeld hire þe lond.

c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Tale 56 And suretee wol I han er þat thou pace Thy body for to yelden in this place.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7164 Þe Iuus was þan þair vnder-lute, Sampson bunden þai yald for dute.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 125 Had he not come þe cyté had be ȝoldyn.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. cv^v Gif thou luffis thi life..Yeld me thi bright brand burnist sa bene.

1568 (a1508) W. Kennedy Flyting (Bannatyne) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 218 Deulbere, thy spere of were but feir thou yelde.

1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. lxxviii. 158 The shippe beeing yeelded, our men did enter the same.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 233 The besieged did yeeld the place to the Queene.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 151 We soon made him yield his Prize to engage with us.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lxxxviii. 132 The hard heir strides about their lands, And will not yield them for a day.

(b) in immaterial sense.

ΚΠ

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10602 Þai yald hir [sc. the child Mary] to þe temple þan.

1486 in Surtees Misc. (1890) 54 Yelding his title and his crowne unto the king.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 2296/2 [Queen Mary] who beyng long sicke before, vpon the sayd xvii. day of Nouember,..yelded her life to nature.

1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. E4, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) I was content to yeelde my interest for eleuen hundred and three score poundes.

1611 Bible (King James) Rom. vi. 13 Neither yeeld yee your members as instruments of vnrighteousnes vnto sinne.

1623 J. Taylor New Discouery by Sea B j We..Were glad to yeeld the honour of the day Vnto our foes.

1656 J. Bramhall Replie to Refut. 34 in Replic. to Bishop of Chalcedon He is well contented to pass by them all in silence, which is as much as yeeld the Cause.

a1771 T. Gray Ess. I in W. Mason Mem. Life & Writings (1775) 197 The prostrate South to the Destroyer yields Her boasted titles.

1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 177 It will be imagined, that I yield my opinions from meanness of spirit.

1833 J. H. Newman Arians 4th Cent. iv. i. 312 The timid Constantius, yielding to fear what he denied to justice.

1838 G. P. R. James Robber I. vii. 159 You have yielded your heart and your happiness to one of whose..family you know nothing.

†(c) To give up, resign (mentally). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > give up a person for lost

yield1697

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ii. 17 Those two men that we left the day before did not come to us till we were in the North Seas, so we yielded them also for lost.

(d) To relinquish, surrender (a position of advantage or point of superiority).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > a position of advantage

yield1590

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ii. sig. B5 Ech to other yealdeth land.

1647 A. Cowley Bathing in Mistress iii And still old Lovers yield the place to new.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1666 (1955) III. 438 [This] put new courage into our fleete now in a manner yeilding ground.

1797 W. Godwin Enquirer i. viii. 69 Grief does not easily yield its place to joy.

1851 E. B. Browning Casa Guidi Windows i. xxvii. 73 With our live fighters, who will scorn to yield A hair's-breadth ev'n.

1864 Congressional Globe 5 Mar. 934/2 Mr. Schenck. I ask the gentleman from Vermont to yield to me for about five minutes. Mr. Morrill. I will yield the gentleman ten minutes of my time.

1869 A. C. Swinburne in S. T. Coleridge Christabel Introd. p. xv The finest of Coleridge's Odes is beyond all doubt the ‘Ode to France’... It were profitless now to discuss whether it should take or yield precedence when weighed with the ‘Ode to Liberty’.

b. with up; rarely with over.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)]

forsakec893

forlet971

to reach upOE

agiveOE

yield?c1225

uptake1297

up-yield1297

yield1297

deliverc1300

to-yielda1375

overgivec1384

grant1390

forbeara1400

livera1400

forgoc1400

upgive1415

permit1429

quit1429

renderc1436

relinquish1479

abandonc1485

to hold up?1499

enlibertyc1500

surrender1509

cess1523

relent1528

to cast up?1529

resignate1531

uprender1551

demit1563

disclaim1567

to fling up1587

to give up1589

quittance1592

vail1593

enfeoff1598

revoke1599

to give off1613

disownc1620

succumb1632

abdicate1633

delinquish1645

discount1648

to pass away1650

to turn off1667

choke1747

to jack up1870

chuck up (the sponge)1878

chuckc1879

unget1893

sling1902

to jack in1948

punt1966

to-leave-

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 194 Þreateð þet ȝe wulleð ȝelden up þe castel bute he sende sonre help.

c1290 St. Lucy 83 in S. Eng. Leg. 103 Ich ȝelde him op al mi bodi.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1256 He ȝald vp his swerd to saue þanne his liue.

a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1140 Or he ȝode þai ȝolde hym vp þe realm.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cclviii He tolde them..that onlesse thei woulde yelde vp the toune..he would put them to the sword.

1600 in E. F. Rimbault Old Cheque-bk. Chapel Royal (1872) 5 Edward Pearce yealded up his place for the Mastership of the children of Poules.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Macc. x. 32 I yeeld vp my authoritie ouer it.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iv. xxix. 168 The ring which bound the faith he swore, By Edith freely yielded o'er.

1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. i. 38 He had kindly yielded up to us his wife's own little parlour.

1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xvi. 155 Sir Leicester yields up his family legs to the family disorder [sc. gout].

c. to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit): to ‘give up the ghost’, die, expire. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)]

forsweltc888

sweltc888

adeadeOE

deadc950

wendeOE

i-wite971

starveOE

witea1000

forfereOE

forthfareOE

forworthc1000

to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE

queleOE

fallOE

to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE

to shed (one's own) blood?a1100

diec1135

endc1175

farec1175

to give up the ghostc1175

letc1200

aswelta1250

leavea1250

to-sweltc1275

to-worthc1275

to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290

finea1300

spilla1300

part?1316

to leese one's life-daysa1325

to nim the way of deathc1325

to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330

flit1340

trance1340

determinec1374

disperisha1382

to go the way of all the eartha1382

to be gathered to one's fathers1382

miscarryc1387

shut1390

goa1393

to die upa1400

expirea1400

fleea1400

to pass awaya1400

to seek out of lifea1400–50

to sye hethena1400

tinea1400

trespass14..

espirec1430

to end one's days?a1439

decease1439

to go away?a1450

ungoc1450

unlivec1450

to change one's lifea1470

vade1495

depart1501

to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513

to decease this world1515

to go over?1520

jet1530

vade1530

to go westa1532

to pick over the perch1532

galpa1535

to die the death1535

to depart to God1548

to go home1561

mort1568

inlaikc1575

shuffle1576

finish1578

to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587

relent1587

unbreathe1589

transpass1592

to lose one's breath1596

to make a die (of it)1611

to go offa1616

fail1623

to go out1635

to peak over the percha1641

exita1652

drop1654

to knock offa1657

to kick upa1658

to pay nature her due1657

ghost1666

to march off1693

to die off1697

pike1697

to drop off1699

tip (over) the perch1699

to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703

sink1718

vent1718

to launch into eternity1719

to join the majority1721

demise1727

to pack off1735

to slip one's cable1751

turf1763

to move off1764

to pop off the hooks1764

to hop off1797

to pass on1805

to go to glory1814

sough1816

to hand in one's accounts1817

to slip one's breatha1819

croak1819

to slip one's wind1819

stiffen1820

weed1824

buy1825

to drop short1826

to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839

to get one's (also the) call1839

to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840

to unreeve one's lifeline1840

to step out1844

to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845

to hand in one's checks1845

to go off the handle1848

to go under1848

succumb1849

to turn one's toes up1851

to peg out1852

walk1858

snuff1864

to go or be up the flume1865

to pass outc1867

to cash in one's chips1870

to go (also pass over) to the majority1883

to cash in1884

to cop it1884

snuff1885

to belly up1886

perch1886

to kick the bucket1889

off1890

to knock over1892

to pass over1897

to stop one1901

to pass in1904

to hand in one's marble1911

the silver cord is loosed1911

pip1913

to cross over1915

conk1917

to check out1921

to kick off1921

to pack up1925

to step off1926

to take the ferry1928

peg1931

to meet one's Maker1933

to kiss off1935

to crease it1959

zonk1968

cark1977

to cark it1979

to take a dirt nap1981

c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 211 He was neiȝ ope þe pointe þene gost op to ȝelde.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 13262 Þey fond hym sone, ȝeldyng þe gast.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 209 How our leuedi endid and yald Hir sely saul.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 2188 Whan with honour yolden is vp his breeth.

c1430 Chev. Assigne 335 He bowethe hym down & ȝeldethe vp þe lyfe.

a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 1088 The batell was richt crewell to behold, Of knychtis wich that haith there lyvis ȝolde.

1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 4000 in Wks. (1931) I Thay,..For extreme hunger, ȝald the spreit.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 303 Canutus the Hardie..who there amid his cups yeelded up his vitall breath.

1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xlix. 33 He..yeelded vp the ghost, and was gathered vnto his people.

1627 J. Taylor Armado sig. C4 The Horse proued himselfe a mortall beast, yeelding his breath into the ayre.

1844 E. B. Barrett Romaunt of Page in Poems I. 160 Out upon that traitor's corse, Was yielded the true spirit.

a1845 T. Hood Fall of Deer 35 Nor like a Craven yeeld his Breath.

d. reflexive and †passive. To be dedicated or devoted to; to give oneself up or be addicted to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > be occupied or busy (in or at something) [verb (intransitive)] > devote or apply oneself to something

study1340

yield?a1366

voida1382

vacatea1706

to give of oneself1926

the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > occupy or busy oneself [verb (reflexive)] > devote or apply oneself

choosea1300

yield?a1366

givea1400

employ1439

applyc1450

poura1500

intend?1504

delivera1533

addict1534

bequeath1558

bend1591

devotea1616

devow1626

surrendera1732

puzzle1751

the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > do habitually [verb (reflexive)] > become addicted to

yield?a1366

to take to ——1834

?a1366 Romaunt Rose 429 As she were, for the love of God, Yolden to religioun.

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 317 In blake clothes thei hem clothe,..And yolde hem to religion.

a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 951 Y ware ȝolde euermore to be your knyght.

1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 124 Eleazar..was gone and yeelded to prophane ceremonies.

1825 W. Scott Talisman iv, in Tales Crusaders III. 113 All the extravagances which strong affection suggests and vindicates to those who yield themselves up to it.

1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xiii. 121 I..yielded myself for a little while to the interest of the scene.

15. reflexive. To give oneself up, surrender, submit, as to a conqueror (now rare; superseded by 16). Also with up.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (reflexive)] > surrender

yield1297

render1494

surrender1585

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > offer no resistance [verb (reflexive)] > give in

ayielda1000

yield1297

bandona1400

submita1450

renounce?1531

render1604

exhibit1628

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 5447 Þe maystres of þe lond ȝolde hom to hom echon [v.rr. ȝulde, ȝoulde, ȝeldede, ȝelden].

a1300 Cursor Mundi 23769 Hardili es he cuward,..Þat yeildes him ar he be soght.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1215 I ȝelde me ȝederly & ȝeȝe after grace.

c1400 Brut cxcvii. 219 Anone he & his company comen to the Gentil Knyght..& saiden ‘ȝelde þe, traitour! ȝelde þe!’

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. xxii. 306 Rather shalle he slee me than I shal yelde me as recreaunt.

1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 237 Quhen deith cummis thair is na vther grace, Bot ȝeild the than, for doutles thow mon die.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. iii. 10 Vnlesse thou yeeld thee as my prisoner.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xix. 724/1 The sight of vs their annointed Soueraign shall..cause them..submissiuely to yeeld themselues to our mercy.

1642 J. Taylor Whole Life Henry Walker sig. A3^v Others would have him come on Land and yeeld himselfe.

a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 215 Genoua also was constrained to yeeld it self, and shake off the French yoke.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vii. 160 Indeed I love thee: come, Yield thyself up.

with compl.1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xii. 193 He ȝelte [v.rr. yald, ȝelde, yelde, ȝalte, ȝald] hym creaunt to cryst on þe crosse & knewleched hym gulty.c1500 Melusine (1895) 335 My intencion is thither to goo and to yeld my self there hermyte.1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cclxxxiiij^v I yelde my self prisoner to you saith he.1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xxxi. 109 My Don will..yeeld himself his prisoner.1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. xii. 54 To those that have yeelded themselves subjects.1801 M. Edgeworth Prussian Vase in Moral Tales III. 20 He..yielded himself up a prisoner.1813 W. Scott Rokeby iv. 177 He..yielded him an easy prey To those who led the Knight away.with infinitive.1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons Ded. 1 b [They] will (with humility) yeeld themselues to heare and learne by their experiences.

16.

a. intransitive. To give oneself up, surrender, submit (as overcome in fight). Also with up (obsolete rare).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defeat > be defeated [verb (intransitive)] > surrender

to cry (or say) creanta1250

to yield oneself creanta1250

to do (also put) oneself in (also to) a person's mercya1325

yieldc1330

recray1340

summisec1450

render1523

amain1540

surrender1560

to throw down one's arms (also weapons, etc.)1593

articulate1595

to yield (also bow oneself) to (also upon) mercy1595

to give grass1597

capitulate1601

to cry cravena1634

to lower or strike one's flag1644

bail1840

hands-up1879

kamerad1914

c1330 Arth. & Merl. 3451 Seuen kniȝtes..to hem ward gun priken..& bad hem ȝeld.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxv. 461 Sir knyght, thow art take yelde thow to me.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xvi. lxx It [sc. a castle] must yelde vp, or els be wonne at length.

1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 28 The rebells therewith weere so terrified, that they forthwith yeelded.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. ii. 37 England shall couch downe in feare, and yeeld .

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 314 There needed very few Arguments to perswade a single Man to yield, when he saw five Men upon him, and his Comrade knock'd down.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xvii. 16 Yield. Leave the body and these gory spoils.

†with compl.a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Aii^v [They] Brought..A yongman, bound his handes behinde his back: Whoe willingly had yelden prisoner.

b. In wider sense: To give way, be subjected, submit (cf. 17); occasionally to break down, succumb.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > be irresolute or vacillate [verb (intransitive)] > give way or give in

benda1400

sink?a1513

to give over1530

to cry creak?1562

yield1576

to hold up1596

succumb1604

to give in1616

to hoist, lower, strike the topsaila1629

to cry cravena1634

to give up or cross the cudgels1654

incumb1656

to fall in1667

to knock under1670

to knock under board, under (the) table1692

to strike underc1730

knuckle down1735

to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860

chuck up (the sponge)1864

to throw in one's hand1893

to sky the wipe (or towel)1907

to drop one's bundle1915

to throw (chuck, or toss) in the towel1915

to buckle up1927

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > offer no resistance [verb (intransitive)] > give in

descend?a1400

to give up the girdlea1400

submita1525

to give over1530

subscribe1560

yield1576

come1607

to give in1616

to give the stoop1623

buckle1642

incumb1656

to knock under board, under (the) table1692

capitulate1714

to strike underc1730

knuckle down1735

cave1844

to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860

incline1866

to give (it) best1878

give way1879

to roll over1919

1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas Ep. Ded. Shall I yelde to mysery as a just plague apointed for my portion?

1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. II. iv. ii. sig. Vv.vii/1 The worldly griefe is the sorrowe of such men..as yeeld vnder the burthen of sorrowe.

1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 v. ii. 11 Thus yeelds the Cedar to the axes edge.

1640 G. Sandys tr. H. Grotius Christs Passion i. 184 Not yeelding to the charmes of Sleep.

a1721 M. Prior Turtle & Sparrow (1723) 86 Sorrow shou'd to Prudence yield.

1751 T. Gray Elegy vii. 6 Oft did the harvest to their sickle yield.

1813 W. Scott Rokeby vi. 308 The night has yielded to the morn.

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. xliv. 42 The child..soon yielded to the drowsiness that came upon her.

a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1873) III. v. 355 Theory should yield to fact, and not fact to theory.

1896 Pall Mall Mag. May 17 The night was yielding, and the dawn came up in a thin white mist.

†c. past participle in reflexive or intransitive sense = that has surrendered. Hence in passive sense = forced to surrender, subdued. Obsolete. Cf. yielded adj., yielden adj., yolden adj.In quot. a1330 with mixed constr.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > submit [verb (intransitive)]

onboweOE

bowa1000

abeyc1300

yielda1330

loutc1330

couchc1386

to come to a person's mercy?a1400

to do (also put) oneself in (also to) a person's mercya1400

hielda1400

underlouta1400

foldc1400

to come (also to put oneself) in a person's willc1405

subjectc1475

defer1479

avale1484

to come in1485

submita1525

stoop1530

subscribe1556

compromit1590

warpa1592

to yield (also bow oneself) to (also upon) mercy1595

to come in will to a person1596

lead1607

knuckle1735

snool1786

a1330 Otuel 862 Hit where sschame..To sslen a man þat ȝolden him is.

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 1211 Now yeldeth yow, for oþer bote is noon. To þat Criseyde answered þus a-noon, Ne hadde I er now, my swete herte dere, Ben yolden, y-wys I were now not here.

a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1899 Þe erthe at to myne enpire enterely bees ȝolden.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur vii. xi. 228 Whan ye see me beten or yolden as recreaunt.

1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxxii^v Although the partie be yolden, he may with wordes saye his quarel is trewe.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1903) II. iv. xii. 91 Þe Inemyis kest away þare wappynnys and war ȝoldin presoneris.

a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Civ Like as the elm..doth bend his top, Till yold with strokes..with ruine it doth fall.

a1600 A. Montgomerie Sonnets xxxvi. 7 I ȝoldin am, and ȝit am stryving still.

a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems xxi. 11 To prove on me thy pith,..That ȝoldin am in will.

†d. To give place, give way to. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > supplanting or replacement > take the place of or replace [verb (intransitive)] > be replaced by

give placec1384

yield1604

cede1633

decede1655

give way1713

society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > submit to [verb (transitive)] > acknowledge superiority or supremacy of

yield1604

own1653

to give (a person or thing) best1851

to hand it to1901

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. xxvii. 201 In some partes one element ends and another beginnes, yeelding by degrees one vnto another.

1611 W. Mure Misc. Poems ii. 42 I yeild to the, more worthie thame nor I.

e. To be inferior to. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > be unimportant [verb (transitive)] > be unimportant to > be of lesser importance to

to put behindc1380

yield1617

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xxvi. 281 But as touching almonds and other fruites, all trees must yeelde to the almonds of Chachapoyas.]

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 18 The City [of Nuremberg]..may perhaps yield to Augsburg in treasure and riches.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. i. vi. 110 Their Mutton yields to ours, but their Beef is excellent.

1826 S. Smith Wks. (1859) II. 74 Demerara yields to no country in the world in her birds.

1832 R. Lander & J. Lander Jrnl. Exped. Niger I. iv. 187 The vast plain on which it stands, although exceedingly fine, yields in..fertility and..beauty..to the delightful country surrounding the..city of Bohoo.

17.

a. To give way to persuasion, entreaty, or the like; to cease to oppose or object; to submit, comply, consent. Also with up (obsolete rare).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > [verb (intransitive)] > comply

descend?a1400

condescend1429

yield?a1500

contentc1530

submit1667

comply1671

to come about1709

?a1500 Chester Pl. (E.E.T.S.) vii. 647 Turne to thie fellowes and kis! I yeald, for in my youth we haue bene fellowes, I wis.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xvii. sig. ei Ther lacked litle that the yonge man was nat vainquisshed, & that the flesshe yelded nat to the seruice of Venus.

1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer ii. sig. Q.iv^v He woulde neuer yelde at the perswasion of many Scholars.

1583 in Publ. Catholic Rec. Soc. (1908) 5 43 Yealdinge to the froward importunities of the Donatists.

1589 R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations To Rdr. sig. *4^v I haue yeelded vnto those my freindes which pressed me in the matter.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 422 You presse me farre, and therefore I wil yeeld .

1630 W. Prynne Anti-Arminianisme 2 We will foorthwith yeeld vp to them without any more dispute.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 409 Thy temperance..For no allurement yields to appetite.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones IV. x. iii. 22 He..yielded to the Dissuasions of his Friend from searching any farther after her that Night.

1866 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood xxvi As soon as they had yielded to my arguments.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §5. 516 The danger at last forced the King to yield to the Scotch demands.

†b. with infinitive or clause, or with to and noun: To submit, consent, agree (to do something, that something should be done, or to something proposed).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > consent to [verb (transitive)] > concede to or comply with

granta1250

i-yettc1275

listenc1290

to listen onc1330

submita1387

consent1393

tenderc1430

servec1450

ottroye1477

admit1529

yield1572

closea1616

concede1632

comply1650

to fall in1651

to come into ——1704

give way1758

accordc1820

1572 in 13th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1892) App. iv. 13 If such reasons shall not move him for to yeald to departe.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxi. 202 To..graunt, that what their fancie will not yeelde to like their iudgement cannot with reason condemn.

1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales i. xvi. 31 The Reatins..no way yeelding that the mouth of the lake Velinus should be dammed vp.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies vii. xii. 529 As this was preparing, and every one yeelded to this treatie of peace [etc.].

1626 J. Pory Let. 11 Aug. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 245 Which news so soon as the French heard, their courage came downe, and they yielded to be gone the next tyde.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 248 To short absence I could yeild. For solitude somtimes is best societie.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 902 How hast thou yeelded to transgress The strict forbiddance.

a1763 W. Shenstone Wks. Verse & Prose (1764) I. 55 Should some patron yield my stores to bless.

1799 J. West Tale of Times xxxiii Nor can I yield to sully my integrity by basely framing a forged accusation.

1814 J. West Alicia de Lacy IV. 265 He yielded to ask for mercy, but he yielded without hope of success.

18. transitive.

†a. With adjective complement or adjectival phrase: To acknowledge or admit that a person or thing is so-and-so. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)] > a person > that a person or thing is so-and-so

yielda1300

a1300 Cursor Mundi 28077 Til our lauerd crist and þe, M. gastli fader, yeild i me Plighti for my syn o pride.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 374 I, glotoun,..gylti me ȝelde, Þat I haue trespassed with my tonge.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) x. 120 Ȝeldynge him self gylty, and cryenge him mercy.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 87 Yeldyng vs gylty not for the thanke of man but Coram domino.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. iv. 42 Till you conclude, that he vpon whose side The fewest Roses are cropt from the Tree, Shall yeeld the other in the right opinion.

1630 W. Freake tr. C. Francken Doctr. Iesuites i. 17 Which thing, if I shall yeeld vnto you as lawfully done [etc.].

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 526 I yeild it just, said Adam, and submit.

1673 R. Allestree Ladies Calling i. iv. ⁋19 I shall be thought to have out-run my subject... Yet I cannot yield it wholly impertinent.

1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe i. 6 He yields his Arms unjust if he withdraws.

1744 E. Haywood Female Spectator (1748) viii. II. 65 I knocked under, in token of yielding myself in the wrong.

†b. With clause or accusative and infinitive: To concede or admit that a thing is so. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)]

yknowOE

knowc1175

takec1175

undergoc1315

receive1318

takea1333

allowc1350

accept1439

admitc1449

recognize1509

concedea1513

adhibit1542

allow1548

yieldc1571

acquiescatea1586

yield1590

gratify1662

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V8^v Pensiue I yeeld I am, and sad in mind.

1605 G. Chapman Al Fooles ii. i I must yeeld,..I did..Make such a frivall promise.

1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 242 The Apostle Paul 2 Cor. ii. 6 is content to yeeld his accusers, that, he was ‘rude in speech’.

1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 214 I thinke that I also shall be yeelded to have the Spirit of God.

1692 J. Locke 3rd Let. for Toleration iv. 114 I will yield my self to have mistaken you.

a1697 J. Aubrey Brief Lives: Suckling (1898) II. 241 Sir John Digby..yielded to be the best swordsman of his time.

1703 N. Rowe Fair Penitent v. i 'Tis hard for Souls like mine..to yield they have done amiss.

c. With simple object, with or without dative of the person: To grant, allow, concede the fact, validity, or cogency of. Now rare (and associated with 14).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)]

yknowOE

knowc1175

takec1175

undergoc1315

receive1318

takea1333

allowc1350

accept1439

admitc1449

recognize1509

concedea1513

adhibit1542

allow1548

yieldc1571

acquiescatea1586

yield1590

gratify1662

c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. vii. 26 The honorabell historian Titus Livius, yeldeth certaine priviledge to antiquitie.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 410 I yeeld all this.

c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. viii. §7 This idle e;..in wordes ending in c,..as peace, face [etc.]... These I yeld because I ken noe other waye to help this necessitie.

a1652 R. Brome Queenes Exchange (1657) i. i Tis true, the King Osriick..may be thought fit To be endow'd with all you seem to yeild him.

1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 55. 354 All which wise Men mean was yielded on both sides by our Lawyers.

1726 J. Swift Cadenus & Vanessa 14 And Pallas, if she broke the Laws, Must yield her Foe the stronger Cause.

1907 F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (ed. 2 reissued) I. 63 The point appears to have been yielded.

†19. reflexive. To betake oneself (cf. French se rendre); hence yield-you as a nonce-rendering of rendez-vous.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [verb (reflexive)]

wendeOE

meteOE

drawc1175

flitc1175

do?c1225

kenc1275

teemc1275

movec1300

graitha1325

dightc1330

redec1330

windc1330

yieldc1330

dressa1375

raikc1400

winc1400

pass?a1425

get1492

tirec1540

flitch?1567

frame1576

betake1639

rely1641

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 14225 [Guenevere] ȝald hure til þat nonnerye.

c1400 Rom. Rose 4904 He..yalte [him] into somme couente.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xvii. xxiii. 724 Sire Percyual yelded hym to an hermytage oute of the cyte.

1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 295 He tooke his leaue of hir, and went out..into a narrowe by lane, where from thenceforth euer after the (yeeld you) was giuen him.

20.

a. intransitive. To give way under some natural or mechanical force, so as to collapse, stretch, bend, crack, etc.; spec. To deform inelastically; to undergo a large increase in strain without a corresponding increase in stress. Const. to (the force, pressure, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > weakness > give way under force or pressure [verb (intransitive)]

alet?c1400

yield1552

give way1640

to give back1674

give1687

the world > space > shape > misshapenness > lose shape or become misshapen [verb (intransitive)] > due to strain or stress

crumple?c1450

collapse1732

set1798

flow1887

yield1900

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Yeld againe as dankysh, contabesco.

1577 T. Kendall tr. Politianus et al. Flowers of Epigrammes f. 42 Can Flint or Marble harde be made, as yeldyng Butter softe?

1579 T. Lodge Protogenes 26 Looke for wonders where musike worketh,..the bowels of the earth yeld where the instrument soundeth.

1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 31 As there is a Topace that will yeeld to euerie stamp, so there is an Emerald that will yeeld to no impression.

1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 2 [The sea] doth not..seeme to yeld to the lande in anye parte.

c1610–15 Life St. Mildrede in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 64 The same stone moste miraculouslie being pulled, would yield like a bowe.

1735 S. Johnson tr. J. Lobo Voy. Abyssinia 98 After Rains,..the Ground yields and sinks so much, that [etc.].

1830 R. Knox tr. P. A. Béclard Elements Gen. Anat. 196 If they [sc. the arteries] be distended in the longitudinal direction, they yield and elongate.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xiv. 96 The snow yielded, he fell, and slid swiftly downwards.

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining (at cited word) Pillars of coal are said to yield when they commence to give way or crush.

1900 London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 50 77 The assumption..that the material yields when one of the principal stresses reaches a certain amount.

1927 F. V. Warnock Strength of Materials iii. 46 At the point C the material has yielded a large amount, and the corresponding stress is known as the ‘Yield Stress’.

1968 A. H. Cottrell Introd. Metall. xxi. 395 Suppose that the central grain..has in fact so yielded (e.g. because of the stress-concentrating effect of a foreign inclusion in it), but its neighbours are still elastic.

b. To submit to some physical action or agent (e.g. pressure, friction, heat, etc.) so as to be affected by it.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > operation upon something > exert operative influence [verb (intransitive)] > be affected by

yield1794

sympathize1876

ail1918

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 37 He distinguishes those that yield to the file, as the white copper ore, hæmatites, etc.

1828 N. P. Willis in Legendary II. 183 When the frost has yielded to the sun.

1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist II. xxi. 32 The door yielded to the pressure.

1847 W. C. L. Martin Ox 158/1 Ophthalmia arising..from blows, generally yields to bleeding.

1867 H. Macmillan Bible Teachings Pref. (1870) p. vii The mountain must yield to the action of cold and heat.

1908 H. Wales Old Allegiance (ed. 2) xvii. 292 I was surprised that you didn't yield to brandy.

†21. To decline, turn aside, be deflected from a path or course: literal and figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > change direction of movement of [verb (transitive)] > cause to deviate from course > deviate from (course)

leaveeOE

to depart from1393

swervea1513

yield1576

1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 15 [Setters] attend diligently vpon theyr Master..inclining to the right hand, or yealding toward the left.

1631 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husbandry (ed. 6) i. ii. 22 Ease your hand, and draw it up againe, letting it come and goe till hee yeeld and goe backeward.

1806 Simple Narr. I. 21 Without yielding, in the smallest degree, from the resolution she had formed.

Compounds

yield-capacity n. capacity of yielding or producing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > [noun] > capacity of

heart1577

yield-capacity1889

1889 Nature 12 Dec. 122 To assess the yield-capacity of any locality stocked with Scotch pine.

yield gap n. the excess rate of return of long-dated or undated Government stocks over that of ordinary shares.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > prices of stocks and shares > difference in rate of return

yield gap1959

1959 Economist 25 Apr. 353/1 Investors today keep a careful eye on the ‘yield gap’—the margin between dividend yields on ordinary shares and long term rates of interest set by the yield on irredeemable Consols.

1981 Observer 4 Oct. 19/2 It would also draw attention to the widening yield gap between gilts and shares.

yield-point n. (the stress corresponding to) the point on a stress–strain diagram at which the strain begins to increase substantially without a corresponding increase in stress: in some metals differentiated as upper yield point, a point at which the stress ceases to increase as the strain increases, prior to a fall to the lower yield point, from which the strain increases while the stress remains almost constant at the lower value; also, esp. in Geology, the elastic limit or the yield strength.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > force > [noun] > tension > amount at which material yields

yield-point1886

1870 G. Berkeley in Exper. Mech. & Other Properties Steel 4 Within the ‘yielding point’ of Steel the amount of lengthening from tension, or shortening from compression, produced by equal forces per unit of area is nearly the same.]

1886 K. Pearson in I. Todhunter Hist. Theory Elasticity & Strength of Materials I. 887 When a bar is subjected to increasing traction, a certain stretch is reached after which there is a sudden and rapid increase of stretch... The point at which this change takes place is very marked, and various names have been suggested for it, as the limit of fatigue, the limit of stability, and the break-down point. The latter name brings out the character of the phenomenon, but at the same time suggests a point related to absolute strength or cohesion; I have therefore spoken of this point in the present work as the yield-point.

1889 Telegr. Jrnl. & Electr. Rev. 20 Dec. 707/1 The question of discontinuity of the curves about the ‘yield point’ was next discussed.

1919 Fuller & Johnston Appl. Mech. II. x. 378 If the material is very ductile a yield point in torsion will appear at a torque somewhat higher than the elastic limit, similar to the yield point in tension.

1967 J. G. Ramsay Folding & Fracturing of Rocks vi. 258 The specimen has..been permanently strained because the elastic limit has been exceeded. The point where this limit is first exceeded is known as the yield point.

1968 A. H. Cottrell Introd. Metall. xxi. 390 In some materials..general yielding can begin in a very striking manner with a yield drop in which the applied stress falls, during yielding, from an upper yield point to a lower yield point.

1971 B. Scharf Engin. & its Lang. iv. 23 Many metals such as aluminium, copper and brass have high ductility but no definite yield point (yield stress).

1981 Pop. Hot Rodding Feb. 66/1 To delve into this whole subject more deeply, we discussed it with SPS engineer Jack Schmidt, who spoke to us of tensile strength, yield points, and clamping loads.

yield sign n. U.S. = give-way sign n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > vehicular traffic > [noun] > traffic control > road sign > specific

halt sign1932

no-entry sign1937

yield sign1951

give-way sign1963

sharrow2004

1951 C. E. Riggs in Amer. City June 133/1 On one street of each open intersection the sign reading slow yield right of way is erected... The new ‘yield’ signs are..of distinctive shape.

1977 J. Cheever Falconer 48 Putting up traffic signs, speeding signs, yield signs, stop signs.

yield strength n. in materials that do not exhibit a well-defined yield point, the stress at which (in addition to the elastic deformation) a definite amount of plastic deformation is produced (usually taken as 0·2 per cent of the unstressed length).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [noun] > action or fact of putting or being out of shape > as result of pressure or strain > yield stress or strength

yield1889

yield stress1913

yield strength1935

1935 Proc. Amer. Soc. Testing Materials 38 1315 Yield strength, the stress at which a material exhibits a specified limiting permanent set.

1967 Times Rev. Industry Feb. 45/2 Some British orders went overseas because of the inability..to cope with the more difficult combinations of pipe diameter, wall thickness and yield strength.

1982 Materials Sci. & Engin. LVI. 10/1 The yield strength of tempered lath martensitic 0·4% C steels is generally independent of packet size.

yield stress n. the value of stress at a yield point or at the yield strength.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [noun] > action or fact of putting or being out of shape > as result of pressure or strain > yield stress or strength

yield1889

yield stress1913

yield strength1935

1913 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 88 465 The observed stress at yield might..be below the true yield stress.

1954 C. W. MacGregor in W. R. Osgood Residual Stresses in Metals 110 Local yielding occurred with an applied uniform tensile stress considerably less than the yield stress.

1971 [see yield-point n.].

1973 C. R. Barrett et al. Princ. Engin. Materials vi. 208 The applied tensile stress required to induce plastic behavior is known as the elastic limit or yield stress.

1973 J. G. Tweeddale Materials Technol. I. iv. 81 The yield stress is slightly above the elastic limit since it clearly represents the incidence of gross plastic strain.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	yield
释义	yieldn. Brit. /jiːld/, U.S. /jild/ Forms: Old English geld, gield, gild, gyld, geold, Middle English ȝæild, Middle English ȝield, Middle English ȝeld, Middle English eild, yilde, Middle English ȝeild, yeild, Middle English–1500s yeld, Middle English ȝelde, yelde, 1500s yalde, 1500s–1600s yeeld(e, 1500s– yield. Etymology: In senses 1 – 3Old English gield , etc., strong neuter (compare etymology of guild n.) = Old Frisian geld , ield (Frisian jild , jil ), Old Saxon geld (senses as in Old English), Middle Low German, Middle Dutch gelt payment, money (Dutch geld money), Old High German, Middle High German gelt (senses as in Old English), (German geld money), Old Norse gjald (Swedish gäld , Danish gjeld ), Gothic gild tax: < stem of gelðan (see yield v.). In senses 4 – 6 directly < yield v. †1. a. Payment; a sum of money paid or exacted, as a tribute, tax, etc.: spec.* = geld n.² Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > [noun] yieldc950 tollc1000 tolne1023 mailOE lotlOE ransomc1325 tail1340 pensiona1387 contribution1387 scat gild14.. due1423 responsionc1447 impositionc1460 devoirs1503 excisea1513 toloney1517 impost1569 cast1597 levy1640 responde1645 reprise1818 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark Introd. 4 De reddendo caesaris tributo, of gyld æs cæseres geselenne. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1013 Bead þa Swegen full gild & metsunga to his here þone winter. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1087 Ælc unriht geold he forbead. a1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1137 Hi læiden gæildes on þe tunes. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10170 Þeȝȝ haffdenn wikenn off þe king To sammnenn hise ȝeldess. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3586 Romleode..þe..ne dursten hider liðen axien king of þissen londe. þat he ȝefue ȝeld [c1300 Otho ȝield] in-to Rome. a1300 Cursor Mundi 27831 Strenth, þat lauerding agh to meild, Þat o þair men tas wrangwis yeild. 13.. K. Alis. (Linc. Inn MS.) 2959 Ȝef þow wold aske suche a ȝeld Com and haue hit in þe feild. 1424 Sc. Acts Jas. I (1814) II. 4 It is accordit þ^t a ȝelde be raisit þ^t is to say xijd of ilk pvnde. c1450 Godstow Reg. 652 That the lady..shold hold and haue..all yelde and all quarels and exaccions fre and quyte. 1494 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 67 And this ȝeild to be gadderit yeirly anes in the yeir. 1531 in Eng. Gilds (1870) 329 Euery mannys wief, after the deth of hur husbond, beyng a taillo^r, shall kepe as many servaunts as they wille,..so she bere scotte and lotte, yeve and yeld, w^t the occupacion. 1582 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 6 The constablye of Sharpelles for a yalde vij^d. †b. Payment for loss or injury, compensation. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] yield601 angildeOE maegboteOE allowancea1325 finea1400 boota1450 reparationa1460 contentation1467 disdomage1502 contention1516 regard1568 contentment1603 atonement-money1611 satisfaction1621 satisfaction money1651 content1689 compensation1804 smart money1817 hoot1820 indemnization1836 compo1941 MCA1973 601–4 Laws of Ethelbert xxviii Gif man inne feoh genimeþ, se man iii gelde gebete. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 48 Strong ȝeld is her mid alle. & godes dom & his heste þet heo hit ȝelde allegate. 1603 Thre Prestis of Peblis (Charteris) (1920) 37 Upon the day of Dome, For mans body thair to giue ane ȝeild. †2. The offering of sacrifice to a deity; worship. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrifice or a sacrifice > [noun] ofleteeOE almousOE houselOE yieldOE lakeOE offeringOE offeranda1225 sacrificea1300 hosta1340 sacrifyingc1374 mannaa1382 incense1382 oblationc1425 hostie1483 obleya1500 sacrificy?c1510 immolation1534 offerture1537 offrage1548 mactation1563 offertory1596 sacrificing1601 litation1623 elibation1656 sacrification1694 sacrificature1779 OE Cynewulf Juliana 146 Onwend þec in gewitte, ond þa word oncyr þe þu unsnyttrum ær gespræce, þa þu goda ussa gield forhogdest. a1225 Leg. Kath. 212 Þis ilke ȝeld, þet tu dest to deouelen. †3. Reward, recompense; retribution. Obsolete. ΘΠ society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > [noun] wrakec825 wrechec1175 yielda1200 wrakedomc1275 vengeancea1300 hevening1303 vengement1338 wreakc1340 rewardc1350 retributiona1425 revengeancec1480 wratha1500 revengementa1513 avengeance1535 avenge1568 ultion1575 venge1587 wreck1591 nemesis1597 revanche1615 vindict1639 vindication1647 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > [noun] shipec1000 rightOE yielda1200 hire?c1225 foryieldinga1300 tithinga1300 rentc1300 lowera1325 guerdon?a1366 recompensationa1382 retributionc1384 reward?1387 reguerdona1393 rewardon?a1400 mercimonyc1400 pensionc1400 remunerationc1400 recompensec1425 wardonc1480 salary1484 premiationa1513 requital1556 repayment1561 requite1561 renumeration1572 remisea1578 lieu1592 reguerdonment1599 gratulation1611 muneration1611 requit1786 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > [noun] wrakec825 wrackc900 wrechec1175 yielda1200 wrakedomc1275 vengeancea1300 vengement1338 awreaking1340 rewardc1350 revengeancec1480 wratha1500 avengementa1513 revengementa1513 revengea1525 avengeance1535 avenge1568 requital1569 ultion1575 venge1587 wreck1591 revanche1615 vindict1639 payback1973 a1200 Moral Ode (Trin. Coll. MS.) 45 He deð his aihte an siker stede þe hit sent to heueriche, þar ne þarf he habben care of here ne of ȝielde. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 276 Þe þolemode þolie bitter anehwile. he schal sone..habbe ȝelt of blisse. 4. a. The action of yielding crops or other products, production; that which is produced, produce; esp. amount of produce. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > [noun] > farm produce yearc1384 yieldingc1405 yieldc1440 birtha1500 newinga1549 stock and teind1574 yieldance1641 produce1725 produit net1774 cropa1825 farm store1848 out-take1866 agriproduct1969 c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 216 Eek hillis yeld is Wel gretter grayn and fewer, then in feeld is. a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 69 Beyng in some yeres, or in sundrye countreys, thynne wheete, or thycke husked, or bettyr and heavyer of yelde, some tyme whiter flower or browner. 1543 R. Grafton Contin. in Chron. J. Hardyng (longer ed.) f. clvii After haruest for so muche as wheat..was of so smal yelde, it was solde for .xii.s. and .xiii.s. iiii.d. a quarter. 1563 T. Hill Arte Gardening (1593) 126 The yong plants ought daily to be plucked vp from the old, for feare of hindring the yeeld of the old. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 17^v To knowe the nature of euery grounde, Iscomachus in Xenophon, dooth wyll you to marke wel the plantes and the yeeld of the Countrey. 1611 R. Fenton Treat. Vsurie ii. xiii. 91 That increase which God gaue by the yeeld of the earth and liuing creatures. 1773 E. Burke Let. to Marq. Rockingham in Corr. (1844) I. 445 The wheat was large in show upon the ground, but the yield in flour is not extraordinary. 1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 213 His yield 12 guineas an acre. 1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 131 The coking lasts about twenty-four hours, and the yield of coke in the ovens averages 67 per cent. 1863 H. Fawcett Man. Polit. Econ. iii. xv. 489 Since the year 1850, the average of the yield of gold in Australia has been 10,000,000l. 1868 G. W. Dasent Jest & Earnest (1873) II. 381 He had a farm just outside the town on the yield of which he lived. 1893 H. D. Traill Social Eng. Introd. p. xlviii Their earliest trade..is..in the surface products of the earth—in corn or wine, in the yields of the olive-grove or the orchard. b. The amount obtained from some financial transaction, impost, etc. (e.g. of interest from an investment, of revenue from a tax). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > profit > [noun] earningeOE issuea1325 lucrec1380 lucre of gainc1386 return1419 feracityc1420 revenue1427 vantagec1430 afframing1440 revenue1440 availc1449 proventc1451 provenuec1487 rent1513 fardel1523 chevisance1535 gains1546 commodity1577 proceed1578 increasal1601 benefit1606 endowment1615 gaininga1631 superlucration1683 profit1697 bunce1706 making1837 bunt1851 plunder1851 yield1877 recovery1931 earner1970 1877 R. Giffen Stock Exchange Securities 152 The higher the yield of a security. 1884 Manch. Examiner 12 Sept. 5/1 A tax..which, moreover, is considerably reduced in its yield by the cost of collection. 1912 Times 19 Dec. 15/4 The present value of the three Central London stocks..affords a yield of over 5 per cent. †5. The action of yielding or giving in; surrender, submission. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > [noun] > giving way or giving in yieldingc1425 yield1602 succumbency1653 succumbence1837 reculade1883 succumbing1885 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > [noun] > giving in yieldingc1425 yield1602 cession1607 yieldance1610 giving in1831 1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 193 Their consent, yeeld and concurrence. 1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 351 No such yeelde, as the Iesuiticall faction report we haue made. 6. The action of yielding or giving way, as under pressure or tension, and esp. under a stress greater than the yield stress; also, the stage in the progressive stressing and deformation of a body when the yield stress is reached. ΘΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > weakness > [noun] > giving way under physical force yielding1860 give1868 yield1889 the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [noun] > action or fact of putting or being out of shape > as result of pressure or strain > yield stress or strength yield1889 yield stress1913 yield strength1935 1889 Telegr. Jrnl. & Electr. Rev. 20 Dec. 707/1 It was concluded that the increase of [elastic resistance] during ‘yield’ is the same for all the specimens. 1913 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 88 464 Yield occurred..while there was still a large margin of elasticity left in the side bars. 1925 J. Case Strength of Materials xxxiv. 538 The drop of stress which occurs at yield with materials like wrought-iron and mild steel. 1967 J. G. Ramsay Folding & Fracturing of Rocks vi. 314 The stress conditions which initiate plastic yield. 1981 C. Hall Polymer Materials iii. 73 The search for improved impact performance has more recently stimulated a similar systematic study of yield and fracture processes in polymers. Compounds Special combinations. yield table n. Forestry a table giving (usually with other information) the average value or volume of a species of timber that can be expected from unit area of woodland each successive year. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > lumbering > [noun] > tree-crop > volume table yield table1888 volume table1895 1888 W. Weise (title) Yield tables for the Scotch pine. 1953 H. L. Edlin Forester's Handbk. xiv. 222 Yield tables..show the likely rate of growth and timber yield of tree crops of a certain kind of tree, grown in a certain country. 1980 Forestry LIII. 23 These regressions were solved for the appropriate values of volume or volume increment from published yield tables for this species. Draft additions 1993 Chemistry. The proportion of the theoretical maximum amount obtainable (from some process or reaction) which is actually obtained. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > [noun] > a definite or specified quantity or amount > specific quantities or amounts > produced or obtained output1841 yield1924 1924 C. Hollins Synthesis Nitrogen Ring Compounds vii. 203 The yield of imino-compound (IV) was very small. 1938 C. Tyler Chem. Engin. Econ. (ed. 2) ix. 166 In a batch distillation process, it was found that the cost of the operation at 98 per cent yield was double the cost at 92 per cent yield. 1965 W. F. Luder et al. Gen. Chem. (ed. 3) iv. 103 A student adds an excess of sulfuric acid to 51.45 grams of sodium bromide and finds that 27.25 grams of hydrogen bromide are produced. What is the percentage yield? 1972 Inorg. Syntheses 13 219 This difficulty has been overcome for ReHg²⁻ by a synthesis of the disodium salt in which an ethanol solution of sodium perrhenate is reduced with sodium metal to give the hydride in ca. 35% yield. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022). yieldv. Brit. /jiːld/, U.S. /jild/ Forms: 1. Present stem. a. α. Old English geldan, Old English gieldan, Middle English elde, Middle English eylde, Middle English ȝeilde, Middle English ȝelde, Middle English ȝelden, Middle English ȝhelde, Middle English ȝheylde, Middle English ȝielde, Middle English yeilde, Middle English yhelde, Middle English (1600s Scottish) ȝeeld, Middle English (1600s Scottish) ȝeelde, Middle English (1700s Scottish) ȝield, Middle English–1500s ȝeld, Middle English–1500s yelde, Middle English–1600s ȝeild, Middle English–1600s yeeld, Middle English–1600s yeelde, Middle English–1600s yeild, Middle English–1600s yeld, Middle English– yield, 1500s ealde, 1500s–1600s yeald, 1600s eyld, 1600s yielde. c825 [see sense 2b]. c893 [see sense 1]. c897 [see sense 4]. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 19903 Whanne. & hu He wollde hiss dere kemmpe. Hiss mede ȝeldenn. c1250Yeld [see sense 6]. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 6369 Icholle wel þin mede ȝelde.1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 5503 Acount to yhelde of þair kepyng. ▸ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xlii. 22 And ther is not that seie, Ȝeeld.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28738 Resun to yield well better is O merci þan of cruelnes.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 260 Traistli armites [read acountes] sal we yeild.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 110 Scho sal þam ȝeld a hundreth fald.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 19472 To þe ihesu Gield I mi gaste.c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 9792 Darel fast he behelde, And seid, ‘Sir, crist you yelde Of this comyng.’c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 537/1 Ȝeelde þe goost, or deyyn. a1483Elde [see sense 10a]. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 33 To ȝeld or reskew strewilling.?a1500 Chester Pl. (Shaks. Soc.) 169 The high father of heaven I praie To eylde your good deed to daie.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ecclus. li. 1 I wil yelde prayse vnto thy name.1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxxvj^v Twoo so inuincible nacions, which neuer would yeild or bowe. 1572Yeald [see sense 17b]. 1598 Sir T. Norreys in Lismore Papers (1887) 2nd Ser. I. 16 His purpose is not to ealde the posesion.1611 W. Mure Misc. Poems i. 25 Ȝeeld to his powar.a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. vi. 13 How you shall bid God-eyld vs for your paines.1647 H. More Philos. Poems iii. App. xix That light Orb of air..must yielden evermore To phansies beck.1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms Pref. sig. (b)3 To yeeld him an intire Body of necessary Theology.c1730 A. Ramsay Some of Contents Ever-green ii He to best poets skairslie zields in ocht. β. Old English gildan, Old English gyldan, Middle English ȝild, Middle English ȝilde, Middle English ȝulde, Middle English ȝulden, Middle English ȝyld, Middle English ȝylde, Middle English–1500s yild, Middle English–1500s yilde, 1500s ild (in God dild, etc.), 1500s ylde. c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxii. 4 Gif man cucu finde, þæt he stæl..gilde be twifealdon. a1122 [see sense 1]. a1122ȝulden [see sense 1]. a1300 Cursor Mundi 28833 Þe pouer man es like þe fild, Þat corn plente is wont to yild.c1305 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 58 An heȝere Justise Þat þe schal þe trecherie ȝulde. 1389ȝyld [see sense 2a]. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 80 Ȝild vp þi rewme.1493 Cov. Leet Bk. 550 Due therfor paying, gyffyng, or ȝilding. 1575God dylde [see sense 7a]. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vi. sig. E7^v That stubborne fort to yilde.1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 117 God dild you. γ. Middle English ȝauld (Scottish), Middle English–1500s ȝald, Middle English–1500s yald. c1480 (a1400) St. James Great 142 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 101 Þat criste..can vs kene gud fore ewil to ȝald almene.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 824 He suld the castell ȝeld [1489 Adv. ȝauld] quytly.a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 553 He bidis yow your londe Ye yald hyme our.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. x. 136 He weltis our, and ȝaldis vp the breith. δ. Middle English yolde. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 403 Yolde youe here to me.?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 55 Cownsaylenge theyme to yolde vp the cite.?1482 J. Kay tr. G. Caoursin Siege of Rhodes So that they wold knowlege hym as theyre souuerayn: and yerely yolde hym a lytyll trybute. b. 2nd singular (contracted forms) Old English gieltst, Old English gilst, Old English giltst, Old English gyltst, Middle English ȝelst, Middle English yelst. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 729 Þou ȝelst nou my loue wroþe.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 38 Vor yef þe vinst and naȝt ne yelst, þou hit stelst. c. 3rd singular (contracted forms) Old English gielt, Old English gilt, Old English gylt, Middle English ȝeelt, Middle English ȝeldþ, Middle English ȝelt, Middle English ȝilt, Middle English yalte, Middle English yelt. c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xl. §7 Ælmihtig God..gilt ælcum æfter his gewyrhtum.a1175 Cott. Hom. 231 Elc ȝeelt efter his ȝearnunge.?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 172 Hwas is siker of suturs [read sucurs]..& ȝelt þach up his castel to his wiðerwines.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10514 Nu he me ȝilt [c1300 Otho ȝelt] mede for mire god dede.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 100 Ac ssropssire ȝeldþ haluendel to þulke bissopriche iwis.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 18 He..þet..yelt him kuead uor guod.c1400 Rom. Rose 4904 He chaungith purpos and entente And yalte into somme couente. 2. Past tense. α. Old English geald, Middle English eild, Middle English ȝeald, Middle English ȝeelde, Middle English ȝeld, Middle English ȝelde, Middle English ȝiald, Middle English ȝilde, Middle English ȝylde, Middle English yeld, Middle English (1500s Scottish) ȝeild, Middle English–1500s yelde, 1500s yeild (Scottish), 1600s yeeld (Scottish). 971 [see sense 5a]. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 45 Ich ȝeald þat ich noht ne nam.a1225 Leg. Kath. 128 Ah se sone ha ȝeald ham swucche ȝeincleppes.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9216 He..ȝeld him is godnesse Þat he dude him. ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 95 Þe kyng Ieconias..ȝilde hym..to Nabugodonosor.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9484 Sathanas..To wais seruis straitt he him eild.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 6398 Þai ȝeild him ay ful littel thanc.14.. Sir Beues 4306 (Pynson) And both in armes yeld vp the gaste.1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 884 Ȝit hope and currage wan the feild, thocht dreid and danger not ȝeild.1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ix. 418 I yeeld to the Noble mans counsell, and giuing him all dutifull thankes, he sent a guide with mee. β. Old English guldan (plural), Old English gulde (2nd singular), Old English guldon (plural), Middle English ȝuld (3rd singular), Middle English ȝuld (plural), Middle English ȝulde (2nd singular), Middle English ȝulde (plural), Middle English ȝulde (3rd singular), Middle English ȝulden (plural). OE Genesis 2421 Duguðum wlance drihtne guldon god mid gnyrne.c1000 Ags. Ps. cv. 26 [cvi. 36] Sceuccgyldum swyþe guldan.?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 297 Þu ȝulde þet þu achtest.c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 953 Al þe feldes þo wern y-fuld of dede..Saue an vewe þat leye & ȝulde & abide hure deþes stounde. ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 77 He ȝelde [MS. γ a ȝuld] vp þe goost. ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 269 Whan þe men of þe citee sigh þat þey ȝelde hem self [MS. γ hy ȝulde ham sylf].1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) III. 95 (MS. γ) Þeos þat ȝuld [v.r. ȝilde] ham wylfolych [L. isti qui sponte se dederunt]. γ. Middle English ȝold, Middle English ȝolde, Middle English ȝoulde, Middle English yolde, Middle English youlde, Middle English–1500s yold. In the earliest quots. a variant of ȝulde: see α b.c1275 Passion our Lord 61 in Old Eng. Misc. 39 Vor alle þe gode þat he heom dude, hi yolde him luþre mede.c1290 Beket 819 in S. Eng. Leg. 130 And þov ne ȝolde me þar-of none a-countes.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3847 & to þe king arthure hom ȝolde ech man þat was wys.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 11800 Þe castel of penneseie heo ȝolde vp þe kinge.c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 307 For hauke siluer he ȝold.1340–70 Alisaunder 304 Hur ȝates ȝeede þei too & youlden hem soone.c1420 Chron. Vilod. 562 Þe kyng of Denmarke ȝolde hym anone þo.a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 145 But aftirward alle went bak and ȝold hem to þe kyng.?1482 J. Kay tr. G. Caoursin Siege of Rhodes There he kneled downe and yolde thankynges..unto God.1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. xi. sig. Nn5 To her yold the flames. δ. Chiefly northern Middle English ȝauld, Middle English ȝaulde, Middle English ȝialde, Middle English yalld, Middle English yauld, Middle English yhald, Middle English (1500s Scottish) ȝald, Middle English (1500s Scottish) ȝalde, 1500s (1800s Scottish) yald. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 390 To crist his bodi he ȝald.a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3661 Þe kinges sone of spayne..to hire ȝalde.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1208 Lelli yald he him his teind.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 19794 He hir raisid..And gialde hir quic up for þaim alle.a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxx Whanne it plesed vnto God, he yalde ayen the sight vnto this good man.c1480 (a1400) St. Lawrence 496 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 416 He..ȝauld þe spryt.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) ix. 320 Syne ȝald [1489 Adv. ȝauld] the castell to the king.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ii. ix. 46 The gaist he ȝald with habundance of blude.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 6499 He gird to þe ground, & þe gost yalde. 1554ȝald [see sense 14c]. 1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 168 The kirk-yard's coffins yald and broke. ε. Middle English ȝalt, Middle English ȝalte, Middle English ȝelt, Middle English ȝelte, Middle English yalt, Middle English yelte, Middle English yilt. c1300 Seynt Mergrete in Legendae Catholicae (1840) 100 He..ȝelt hem her seruise With wel michel wouȝ.c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 927 & wele he ȝalt him his while.c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 261 Durst non oȝain him kiþe, Bot ȝalt him tour and toun.1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xii. 214 Why þat one thef on þe crosse creaunt hym ȝelt.1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 100 Ȝowre champioun chiualer..Ȝelt [v.rr. ȝelte, yelde, yilt] hym recreaunt.c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iii. xxv. 150 Whan j sigh that he hadde don euele, he yelte ayen the pens. ζ. Middle English ȝeilded, Middle English ȝeldede, Middle English ȝeldid, Middle English ȝeldide, Middle English yeildyd, Middle English yeldid, Middle English yeldyd, Middle English yhelded, Middle English yyldyd, Middle English–1500s yelded, 1500s ȝeildit (Scottish), 1500s yealded, 1500s yeldit (Scottish), 1500s–1600s yeelded, 1600s–1700s yeilded, 1600s– yielded. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter vii. 4 If i ȝeldid ill til ȝeldand til me ill for goed.1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2272 He yhelded þe gast to God and dyghed.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 696 Alkines thing in diuers wise Ȝeilded to Adam þair seruise.c1440 York Myst. xli. 356 Whose wombe that yeildyd fresh and fayr.1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. v. 60 They opend the yates and yelded them vnto hym.a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 408 He..held wpe his handis to god and ȝeildit the spreit.1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 297 He yeelded unto nature, and ended his life.1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 241 The Mountaine..of it selfe..yeelded many wilde but pleasant fruits.1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 16 The King Yeilded. 1874 [see sense 10b]. η. Middle English yoldede. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 269 The citesynnes..yoldede the cite. 3. Past participle. α. Old English golden, Middle English ȝholden, Middle English ȝolden, Middle English ȝoldine, Middle English ȝoldun, Middle English ȝoldyn, Middle English ȝoldyne, Middle English ȝoulden, Middle English yȝolden, Middle English yholden, Middle English yoldon, Middle English yoldun, Middle English y-yolden, Middle English (1500s Scottish) ȝoldin, Middle English–1500s yolden, Middle English–1500s yoldin, Middle English–1500s yoldyn, 1500s ȝowdin (Scottish), 1500s youlden, 1500s yowdin (Scottish), 1800s yowden (Scottish). a900 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 67/9 Et..retribuetur, and bið golden. OE² [see sense 6]. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1572 Ful iuel ichaue y-ȝolden it þe.a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxiv. 1 Body and saule, sall be ȝolden till þe in ierusalem.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 23192 Þar sal be yoldin him his hire.c1400 Rom. Rose 4556 Curtesie certeyn dide he me So mych that may not yolden be.c1450 Brut ii. 492 Þe town of Melun was yholden to þe Kynge.1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 67 b/1 Our lord hath yolden the malyce of Nabal on his owen heed.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 804 He set ane sege thar-to stoutly, And lay thair quhill it ȝoldyn was.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iii. 9 Quhy mycht I nocht on fieldis of Troy haue deid, And by thi richt hand ȝowdin furth my spreit?1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. iii. f. 25^v All the Cities..that had bene youlden vnto hym.1568 Christis Kirk on Grene in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 266 For hir saik he wes no^t ȝoldin.1836 M. Mackintosh Cottager's Daughter 62 O deed quo' William I am youden now. β. Middle English ȝold, Middle English ȝulde, Middle English hyȝolde, Middle English iȝolde, Middle English iȝoulde, Middle English iȝulde, Middle English i-yolde, Middle English yȝolde, Middle English yȝulde, Middle English yolde, Middle English y-yolde, Middle English–1500s ȝolde, Middle English–1500s yold. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9223 Ar þe castel him were iȝolde.a1300 Floriz & Bl. 809 To hire he haþ iȝolde Twenti pond of ride golde.13.. Bonaventura's Medit. 346 Wheþer nat euyl be ȝulde for gode.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 73 Hou uirtues and guode dedes byeþ heȝliche yolde.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 163 Þ is dette ne may by uolliche y-yolde.1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. 2220 With-out assaut þe castel were y-ȝolde.a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxxviii Whanne they shalle be yolde ayenne an hundred folde more.a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 380 She aȝeine to hyme haith ansuer ȝolde.a1599 E. Spenser Canto Mutabilitie vii. xxx, in Faerie Queene (1609) sig. Ii2 To reape the ripened fruits the which the earth had yold. γ. Middle English ȝeldyn, Middle English ȝheldyn, Middle English–1500s yelden, Middle English–1500s yeldene, 1500s yeldyn, 1500s–1600s yeelden. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. iii. ii. 276 Þat he Sulde bundyn and syne ȝeldyn [v.r. ȝoldin] be. ?1473Yelden [see sense 8a]. 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 14 This yere..was the towne of Rome yeldene to the emperor.1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 80 Thinke..what thou hast yelden to him againe.a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1593) i. sig. H6^v Klaius..who lately yelden [1622 yeelden] was To beare the bondes which Time nor wit could breake. δ. Middle English iȝilde, Middle English iyelt, Middle English yelde, Middle English yȝeld, Middle English 1600s yeld, 1500s yeeld. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 485 Forto he hadde i-ȝilde hym þe castel of Newerk.a1400 Seuyn Sages (W.) 1698 Oure gode dede schal ben iuel i-yelt.1401 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 14 [He] hadd yȝeld op the Castell of Kermerdyn.c1440 Generydes 4781 Townys and Castelys are yelde to his hand.1578 G. Whetstone Promos & Cassandra: 1st Pt. v. iii. sig. Fij Who (wonne by loue) hast yeeld the spoyle of thy virginity?a1660 in J. T. Gilbert Contemp. Hist. Ireland (1880) II. 24 Mariborough was..treacherously yeld to Castlhauen the 9th of May. ε. Middle English ȝeldid, Middle English iȝelded, Middle English yeldyde, Middle English–1500s yelded, 1500s–1600s yeelded, 1600s– yielded. c1460 Oseney Reg. 128, j.d. ȝerely to be i-ȝelded to me and to my heyres.1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xii. 304 I have yelded you agen that ye lended me right now. 1540Yelded [see sense 9]. 1561 T. Norton & T. Sackville Gorboduc v. ii Who fearing to be yelded fled before.1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxvi. 230 Before hee yeeld them obedience; unlesse he have yeelded it them already.1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 365 I should never have yielded to injustice from any fear of death. ζ. Middle English yolded, Middle English yoldyd. 1449 R. Wenyngton in Paston Lett. & Papers (2005) III. 69 And ther they were yolded all the hundert schyppys to go wyth me in what port that me lust.a1466 W. Gregory Chron. in Hist. Coll. Citizen London (Camden) 115 The towne whythe grete sawte was yoldyd and wonne. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Common Germanic strong verb: Old English (West Saxon) gieldan, (Anglian & Kentish) geldan, past tense geald, guldon, past participle golden = Old Frisian gelda, ielda (West Frisian jilde, East Frisian jêlde, North Frisian jill), Old Saxon geldan, Middle Dutch g(h)elden (Dutch gelden), Old High German geltan, (Middle High German, German gelten), Old Norse gjalda, Gothic -gildan (in compounds fragildan, usgildan to compensate) < Old Germanic gelðan, of which the ultimate relations are uncertain. This verb has had a remarkable sense-development in English owing to its having been used as an equivalent of Latin reddere* and French rendre, or their compounds. In some of the related languages the word has shown tendencies to develop in the same directions, but the only generally surviving senses on the Continent are ‘to be worth, to be valid, to concern, apply to’, which are not represented at all in the English word. Signification. I. To pay, repay, requite. †1. transitive. To give in payment, render as due, pay (money, a debt, tribute, tax, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > pay money or things [verb (transitive)] yieldc893 pay?c1225 spendc1450 make1473 redd1491 to pay in1623 betall1630 to pay away1731 fund1843 spring1851 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. x. §1 Þæt him leofre wære wið hiene to feohtanne þonne gafol to gieldanne. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xviii. 30 Donec redderet debitum, wið he gulde þæt scyld. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1014 Se cyning het gyldan þam here þe on Grenewic læg .xxi. þusend punda. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 296 Iþe euentid hwenne me ȝeld werchmen hare deies hure. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3675 Þu ahtest me to ȝulden [c1300 Otho ȝelde] gauel of þine londe. a1300 Cursor Mundi 1985 And ȝeildes til your creatur Þe tend part o your labour. c1330 Arth. & Merl. 5219 Today ich ȝeld ȝour rentes Wiþ hard woundes & deþ dentes. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxii. 104 Þis citee ȝeldez ȝerely to þe Grete Caan..l. thousand comacyes of florenes of gold. c1450 Godstow Reg. 318 Symon Holle held j. Cotage, vj. acris of bond-lond, and shold yelde by the yere iij. shillings at two termes of the yere in even porcions. 1491 Act 7 Hen. VII. c. 19 §1 By the service of a redde rose..to the same late Kyng and his heires for all maner services to be yolden. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 15 To performe their bargaines, to stand to their promises, & yelde their debtes. 1598 J. Manwood Treat. Lawes Forrest iv. §1. f. 21^v The killing of them [sc. foxes] is a breach of the kings Royal free Chase, and for that the offender shall yeelde a recompence. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea ii. xi. 272 Glocester yielded [L. reddebat] xxxvi Dicres of Iron and c. iron rods fitted to make nails for the Kings ships. 2. a. To give as due or of right, or as demanded or required; to render (service, obedience, account, reward, thanks, etc.). Now somewhat archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > give as due or fitting doOE yieldc1000 pay1340 attribute1523 render1567 society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (transitive)] > give as due or right yieldc1000 c1000 Ags. Ps. (1835) cxviii[i]. 17 Gild þinum esne gode dæde. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5214 Lef faderr. ȝeld me nu Forr all min swinnc rihht mede. a1225 Leg. Kath. 2248 Ich am her,..mid alle mine hirdmen, to ȝelden reisun for ham. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 141 Þencheð anan. þet he is ower feder ȝerde. & he wule ȝelden him his seruise. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. viii. 175 Þer dede schullen a-rysen,..and a-Countes ȝelden How þou laddest þi lyf. 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 3 Which wardeins schul gadere þe qwarterage..and trewelich ȝyld here acompt þerof. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 461 Qui suld i him seruise ȝeilde? All sal be at mine aun weilde. a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 7420 Ȝeldeþ me homage alle. c1400 tr. Secr. Secr., Gov. Lordsh. 49 With ioye y wente hoome ȝeldand to oure creatour gret þankynges. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xvii. xix. 717 They yelded hym honour and good aduenture. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xlix They shal yeld an accompt for it one day. 1588 J. Udall State Church of Eng. sig. I And so we her subiects should yeeld continual thanks vnto her highnesse. c1610–15 tr. Gregory of Nazianzus Life St. Gorgonia in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 170 Seeing we haue beene reserued to yield these funerall speeches to our brother and sister. 1663 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim xxxviii That he might be moved to let go his right to punish us, and we not moved to be careless in yielding him the rest of his right which he hath to our..obedience. 1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. v. 121 What token canst thou give me, that we should yield credence to thee? 1831 G. P. R. James Philip Augustus II. ii Yield him obedience in lawful things. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxxvi. 56 We yield all blessing to the name Of Him that made them current coin. View more context for this quotation †b. To perform (a promise), pay (a vow). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > carrying out > observance or carrying out a promise, law, etc. > observe or carry out a promise, law, etc. [verb (transitive)] > specifically a promise yieldc825 to make (hold, pay, keep, yield or break) a vowc1290 redeem1795 the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > observe [verb (transitive)] yieldc825 behold971 hold971 keepc1000 at-holdc1175 takec1300 spare1387 observec1391 to stand by ——c1405 to stick by ——a1530 to stand to ——1537 c825 Vesp. Psalter xlix. [l.] 14 Geld ðæm hestan gehat ð in. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xix. 21 Thei shul vouwe vouwes to the Lord, and ȝeelde. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 665 I schal..ȝelde þat I hyȝt. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. ix. [xiii.] Þei ȝolden vp here avowes. c1400 tr. Secr. Secr., Gov. Lordsh. 110 Ȝelde þy hetynges. †c. To give thanks to. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)] thankc1200 grace?c1225 mercyc1390 yieldc1440 remercy1477 regracy1483 gratulatea1592 bethank1593 gratify1601 aggrate1633 to give thanks (thank, to do thank(s)1765 c1440 York Myst. x. 53 Nowe awe I gretely god to yeelde, That so walde telle me his entente. †3. To pay for loss of or injury to (something); to make compensation for (loss or injury); to make up for, make good. (Also absol.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > pay as compensation [verb (transitive)] > compensate for yieldeOE compound1555 compromise1757 compensate1804 eOE Laws of Ælfred (Corpus Cambr. 173) Introd. xxii Gif hwa adelfe wæterpyt..& hine eft ne betyne, gelde swelc neat swelc ðær on befealle. c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxii. 6 Gif fyr bærne mugan oððe standende æceras, gylde þone byrst þe þæt fyr ontende. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 31 Þah ic hefde al þet ic efre biȝet, ne mahtic ȝelden swa muchel swa ic habbe idon to herme. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 48 Ha is witi of his deað..& schal..ȝelde þe bestes lure. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 48 Heo schal ȝelde þe best þet þrin bið ifallen. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 31 Uor hi ne moȝe amendi ne yelde þe harmes þet hi habbeþ ydo, and hit behoueþ yelde oþer hongy. †4. To pay back, repay; to give back, restore. (In later use mostly with again.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > giving back or restitution > give back [verb (transitive)] yieldc897 agiveOE again-setOE restorec1325 acquitc1330 to pay outa1382 refundc1386 to give againa1400 quita1400 restituec1400 reliver1426 surrend1450 redeliver1490 refer1496 render1513 rebail1539 re-present1564 regive1575 to give backa1586 to turn back1587 relate1590 turn1597 returna1632 to hand back1638 redonate1656 reappropriate1659 re-cede1684 revert1688 replace1776 restitute1885 to kick back1926 c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care liv. 425 Wenstu..hwæðer he hine mid ðy gehealdan mæge ðæt he him nauht mare on ne nime, ne ðæt ne gielde ðæt he ær nam? c1175 Lamb. Hom. 79 Ȝif þu mare spenest of þine, hwan ic aȝen cherre, al ic þe ȝelde. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 136 Schrift ȝelt eft al ðet god ðet we hefden uorloren. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. v. 236 And ȝit I-chulle ȝelden aȝeyn ȝif I so muche haue. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1708 So ȝeply was ȝarked & ȝolden his state. a1425 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Galba) l. 27867 Till wrang tane thing be ȝolden ogayne. a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxx And whanne it plesed vnto God, he yalde ayen the sight vnto this good man. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. xxi. 219 He ought to be yolden ageyn to his frendes. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 295 So peace that was loste by Adams synne, he restored & yelded ageyne. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Yeld eftesones a thinge receiued, or taken,..money borowed or suche like. †5. a. To give (something) in return for something received; to render, return (a benefit or injury, etc.); const. for. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > give in return yield971 quita1400 gain-yield1435 render1477 answer1565 regive1575 return1584 to give backa1586 redound1597 retort1602 re-render1628 remete1647 971 Blickl. Hom. 223 Ne he nænigne man unrihtlice fordemde, ne nænigum yfel wiþ yfele geald. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 15 Ne scalt þu ȝelden vuel onȝein uuel nuða. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 141 As þe apostel seið. ne ȝelde ȝe neauer uuel for uuel. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 292 It with kinde nevere stod A man to yelden evil for good. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4424 For þi leute and þi truthhede Ful iuel es yolden þe þi mede! 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i. x Euyll folk..for the good done to them, they yeld ageyne euyll. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxix Yuels for my goodnesse arne manyfolde to me yolden. a1586 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David (1823) vii. iv If I wrought not for his freedom's sake, Who causlesse now yeeldes me a hatefull hart: Then let my foe chase me. b. To return (an answer, a greeting, or the like). Now only (with admixture of 10b or 14), to vouchsafe (an assent) to. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > answer > answer [verb (transitive)] > send answer in return yield?c1225 return1554 remiss1633 the mind > language > statement > assent > [verb (transitive)] > vouchsafe an assent to yield?c1225 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 54 He..þe sit & spekeð towart hire. & ȝeld him word aȝeinword. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1987 Brengwain answere ȝolde. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 234 In hast þemperour hendely his gretyng him ȝeldes. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8166 And þair hailsing þai til him tald, Ful hendeli to þam he yald. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. CCCiii Than if we be touched w^t a sharpe worde we shall yelde a benigne & gentyll answere. ?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) ii. l. 936 in Shorter Poems (1967) 62 Venus agane ȝald thaym thair salusyng. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 226 And euer to his asking ane answer he ȝald. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. ii. 6 Leaue me your snatches, and yeeld mee a direct answere. View more context for this quotation 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. xvi. 179 As he yielded to this suggestion a ready and rapturous assent, they all rose. 1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues I. 107 To this Protagoras yields a reluctant assent. †6. To give something in return for, make return for, pay for, repay; to reward, recompense, requite (an action, etc., in good or bad sense; often with dative of person). Often in God yield it you: cf. 7a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > treat one as he has been treated [verb (transitive)] > requite or pay back (a person) > an action yieldOE acquitc1330 requitec1440 recompensea1450 paya1500 quitc1515 requit1532 reacquite1534 repay1557 quittance1590 retribute1612 OE Genesis 413 Þonne he me na on leofran tid leanum ne meahte mine gife gyldan. OE Genesis 1102 Min sceal swiðor mid grimme gryre golden wurðan fyll and feorhcwealm, þonne ic forð scio. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6239 Þatt heore daȝȝwhammlike swinnc. Beo daȝȝwhammlike hemm ȝoldenn. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 5 For þanne he wile ðere ȝelden elch man his hwile mid swilch mede swo he ernede here. c1250 Kent. Serm. in Old Eng. Misc. 33 Clepe þo werkmen and yeld hem here trauail. a1300 Assump. Virg. (Cambr.) 249 Thu hast made me ofte glad; Thu has done as my sone bad, My sone shal it yelde to the. c1330 Arth. & Merl. 9241 He hadde iuel ȝolden þe kisseinge Þat Gvenour him ȝaf at his arminge. ?1370 Robt. Cisyle 128 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. I. 274 The portar ȝalde hym hys travayle, He smote hym agayne withowten fayle. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 319 Þat god for his grete miȝt al here god hem ȝeld. a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 132 He..þinkeþ ȝelde his iniquite. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4996 ‘Sir’, þai said, ‘godd yeild [Fairf. ȝilde, Gött. ȝeild, Trin. Cambr. ȝelde] it yow’. c1400 Gamelyn 368 If..thou thenke as thou seyst, god yelde it thee. a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxxviii Suche good dedes, it is noble thinge to be do, and to vse, whanne they shall be yolde ayenne an hundred folde more. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 786/1 Where I can nat, God yelde it you. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7941 The dethe of þat doughty shalbe dere yolden With the blode of þi body. absolute.1382 J. Wyclif Psalms cxxxvii[i]. 8 The Lord shal ȝelde for me. 7. With personal object (originally dative; sometimes with to). To reward, remunerate, recompense, repay. a. in good or neutral sense: esp. (in later use only) in God yield (you, etc.), also corruptly God eyld.., God dild.., etc. (see god n. and int. Phrases 1c(b)(iii)), from c1400 to c1600 a common expression of gratitude or goodwill. Obsolete or rare (archaic). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)] > make grateful return for yield971 apay1484 thanka1500 repay1587 retaliate1611 retally1639 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > reward or recompense [verb (transitive)] foryield971 yield971 crownc1175 shipec1275 payc1330 to do meeda1350 rewardc1350 guerdonc1374 reguerdona1393 to do (one) whyc1400 quitc1400 recompense1422 salary1477 merit1484 requite1530 requit1532 reacquite1534 to pay home1542 remunerate1542 regratify1545 renumerate?1549 gratify?c1550 acquit1573 consider1585 regratiate1590 guerdonize1594 munerate1595 regratulate1626 reprise1677 sugar-plum1788 ameed1807 recompensate1841 the world > action or operation > advantage > [phrase] > for the sake of > wish for the benefit of (someone) God yield (you, etc.)c1430 God save you!1530 (God) bless you!1598 971 Blickl. Hom. 123 Se ilca Drihten..us þonne wile..æghwylcum anum men gyldan & leanigean æfter his sylfes weorcum. OE Beowulf 1184 Wene ic þæt he mid gode gyldan wille uncran eaferan. a1175 Cott. Hom. 231 He..elc ȝeelt efter his ȝearnunge. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 803 God yelde him þer i ne may, Þat haueth me fed to þis day! a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2581 God it geald ðese wifes wel, On hom, on hagte, eddi sel. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1547 But loueliche lemman, oure lord mot þe ȝeld þat þi worþi wille was to come to me nouþe. c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. cxlvii. 75 Whan þei weren trussed, grace dieu, god yilde hire wel, goodliche spak to me. 1454 Paston Lett. (1904) II. 331 Suster, God ȝelde ȝow for ȝowre labore fore me, for gaderyng of my mony. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1680 A Ml in this town Wold do hym worshipp..God hem ȝeld! so have þey offt or nowe. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxiii. 495 ‘Gramercy, sir,’ sayd the duke rycharde, ‘and god yelde you!’ 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle v. ii. sig. Ei Baily. God blesse you gammer Gurton. Gammer. God dylde you master mine. 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 41 King How i'st with you sweete Ofelia? Ofelia Well God yeeld [1623 dil'd] you. 1608 G. Chapman Conspiracie Duke of Byron v. (ad fin.) Marry God dild him. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. ii. 33 Tend me to night two houres, I aske no more, And the Gods yeeld you for't. View more context for this quotation 1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 4 Heaven yield her for it. †b. in bad sense: To take vengeance on, ‘pay out’. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > take vengeance on yieldc1380 vengea1470 revenge?1526 avenge1633 society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict (retributive punishment) [verb (transitive)] > for an offence or on an offender > inflict retributive punishment upon yieldc1380 putc1390 rewardc1400 pay?c1450 vengea1470 revenge?1526 avenge1633 to pay back1655 to pay off1699 to serve out1809 to pay out1849 c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 43 Myn is þe veniaunce, and I schal ȝelde hem in tyme. 1382 J. Wyclif Psalms xl. 11 [xli. 10] Thou.. Lord..aȝeen rere me, and I shal ȝelde to them. a1400 Sir Beues (A.) 318 Al þat haþ me fader islawe,..Ich schel hem ȝilden [14.. MS. M. I shall be vengid]. II. To give or put forth, produce, furnish, exhibit. 8. a. To give forth from its own substance by a natural process, or in return for cultivation or labour; to produce, bear, generate (fruit, seed, vegetation, minerals, etc.); to put forth (a bud, shoot, etc.); †to bring forth, give birth to, bear (offspring). Now chiefly archaic or poetic.In first quot. with partitive object. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > bring forth, produce, or bear bearOE makea1325 showc1330 yielda1400 producea1513 carry1577 hatch1592 throw1738 the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth > yield or produce naturally fruita1382 engendera1393 breeda1398 gendera1398 yielda1400 proferc1425 to bring out1545 generate1563 produce1585 brooda1625 to send forth1626 propagate1699 pan1873 the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > confine or deliver [verb (transitive)] > give birth forthbring971 akenOE haveOE bearOE to bring into the worldOE teemOE i-bereOE to bring forthc1175 childc1175 reara1275 ofkenc1275 hatcha1350 makea1382 yielda1400 cleck1401 issue1447 engenderc1450 infant1483 deliver?a1518 whelp1581 world1596 yean1598 fall1600 to give (a person or thing) birth1615 to give birth to1633 drop1662 pup1699 born1703 to throw off1742 beteem1855 birth1855 parturiate1866 shell1890 to put to bed1973 bring- a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4720 Þof men ouer all has saun feilds, O corn es þar noght as þat yeilds. ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 15 She this day hath rendred & yelden þe fruyt of her wombe a sone and a doughter. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 39^v The Female [hemp]..dooth yeelde a white flowre. 1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. ii. xvi. f. 90^v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Till they..spread or yeld their rootes down right into the soyle about them. 1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 14 For want of seede, land yeeldeth weede. 1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xxii. 70 Thy burden at the Sea, and call'd Marina, for she was yeelded there. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Gen. i. 29 Euery tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree yeelding seed. View more context for this quotation 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage vii. xi. 595 The soile yeeldeth Cloues, Ginger, and Siluer. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. ii. 108 Iniurious Waspes, to feede on such sweet hony, And kill the Bees that yeelde it, with your stings. View more context for this quotation 1651 Bp. J. Hall Susurrium cum Deo xvi. 56 If I looke into my Orchard, I see the well-grafted Siens yield first a tender Bud. 1682 N. Grew Idea Philos. Hist. Plants 17 in Anat. Plants Turpentine, which, in Distillation, yieldeth Oyl and Water, both limpid. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 110 The sallacious Goat encreases more; And twice as largely yields her milky Store. View more context for this quotation 1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §25 Trees growing in low and shady places do not yield so good tar. 1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem.: Org. (1862) iii. §3. 194 They all combine with the elements of water and yield one of the acids homologous with formic acid. 1859 E. FitzGerald tr. Rubáiyát Omar Khayyám v. 2 But still the Vine her ancient Ruby yields. figurative.1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xvi. 300 This mind of ours doth also yeeldfoorth words.1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xvi. 306 When did euer purenesse yeeld foorth corruption? b. To furnish (a produce of so much). Also with up. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land raising crops > [verb (transitive)] > produce yielda1400 bring?1523 servea1577 grow1825 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12329 Þan quen it [sc. wheat] scorn was, weil it yalld A hundret o þair mettes tald. 1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. i. xiii. f. 38/1, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Eche acre of Whete..will yeeld commonly twentie bushelles. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 30^v The other kinde [of oats] is lyghter..and yeeldeth but little flowre. ?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 4 Inclosed Lands in many places doth yeild half as much, or as much more, as Lands in common fields. 1833 H. Martineau Briery Creek iii. 63 The farmer makes his land yield double by good tillage. 1888 P. Strutt in Homilist Sept. 391 I have seen a barrowful of crushed quartz-rock yield up at last..a little spoonful of gold. c. To produce as a result; to give as a mathematical product. Now rare or Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematics > calculate or solve [verb (transitive)] rimeeOE calcule1377 numbera1382 accounta1387 casta1400 calk1401 computate1449 suppute?a1475 reckona1513 to cast up1539 yield1542 supputate1555 practise?a1560 calculate1570 compute1579 work1582 quantulate1610 resolve1613 find1714 to work out1719 solve1737 to figure out1854 1542 R. Record Ground of Artes i. f. Lviii I multiply the first numbre 3 into y^e second 40000, and it yeldeth 120000. 1593 T. Fale Horologiographia f. 31 The quotient Sine shall yeeld an arke, whose Complement shall be named the Complement repeated. 1876 R. H. Hutton Ess. (ed. 2) I. Pref. 26 Wherever two or more independent and equally worthy sources of information appear to yield up inconsistent results. d. absol. To bear produce; to be productive or fertile. †Hence, to turn out (in a certain way). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > be productive [verb (intransitive)] yield1297 fruit1377 seeda1398 germ1483 buddle1581 fructuate1663 seminate1676 teem1746 spend1854 to lift well1959 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 5696 Þe erþe ȝeld betere & þet weder was murgore bi is daye..þan me er ysaye. c1300 Prov. Hendyng in Sal. & Sat. (1848) 277 Lyþt chep luþere ȝeldes, quoþ Hendyng. c1386 G. Chaucer Prol. 598 Wel wiste he by the droghte and by the reyn The yeldynge of his seed and of his greyn. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 498 A ȝere ȝernes ful ȝerne, & ȝeldez [MS reads ȝeldeȝ] neuer lyke. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ii. v. 316 He couythe weil bathe ken and se Qwhat lande sulde ȝhelde or fertile be. c1440 York Myst. x. 30 Sara was vncertan thanne That euere oure seede shulde sagates ȝelde. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. vi^v If the grounde be good put the more beanes to y^e pees and the better shall they yelde. 1639 J. Taylor Part Summers Trav. 14 A good Myne that doth hold out, and yield plentifully. 1760 R. Brown Compl. Farmer: Pt. 2 38 It makes corn to yield well. 1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. 1132/1 Spalding's Prolific Red Wheat..yields remarkably well, and weighs well in the bushel. †9. (with complement.) To render, make, cause to be; also occasionally to make, cause (to do something). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > cause to be or become seta1000 workOE makeOE puta1382 turna1393 yieldc1430 breedc1460 rendera1522 devolve1533 cause1576 infer1667 c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. cli. 76 I haue a stoon þat to þe folk, whan j wole, yelt inuisible. c1450 Mankind 733 in Macro Plays 27 My inwarde afflixcyon ȝeldyth me tedyouse wn-to yowur presens. 1540 J. Palsgrave in tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus i. i. sig. Div What? is not he yelded quiete (with these wordes)? 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades v. 83 For doubt that this our forwardnesse may yeelde vs both to die. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades viii. 135 This threat and surly speech doth yeelde the Gods amazde and dum. 1609 J. Rainolds's Def. Judgm. Pref. sig. A ij^v That..holy man, whose learning..and pietie..may perhaps yeeld him more admirable to posteretie. 1610 T. Campion New Way Counter-point sig. E^v Example will yeeld it more plaine. 10. To give, in various senses. †a. To deliver, hand over, present, offer. Also with up. Obsolete or merged in other senses. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > hand over to another i-taechec888 outreacheOE sellc950 beteacha1000 areachc1000 turnc1175 handsellc1225 betakec1250 deliverc1300 beken1330 yielda1382 disposec1384 resigna1387 livera1400 to turn overa1425 deputea1440 overgive1444 quit?c1450 surrend1450 surrender1466 renderc1480 to give over1483 despose1485 refer1547 to pass over1560 to set over1585 behight1590 tip1610 consign1632 delegate1633 skink1637 to hand over1644 delate1651 to turn off1667 to turn in1822 the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > offer [verb (transitive)] i-bedea800 bidOE make?a1160 forthc1200 bihedec1275 proffera1325 yielda1382 dressc1384 to serve fortha1393 dight1393 pretend1398 nurnc1400 offerc1425 profita1450 tent1459 tend1475 exhibit1490 propine1512 presentc1515 oblate1548 pretence1548 defer?1551 to hold forth1560 prefer1567 delatea1575 to give forth1584 tender1587 oppose1598 to hold out1611 shore1787 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. xxvii. 24 A croune shal be ȝolde [late vers. ȝouun] to thee. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8743 Me think..þe child be nawight don to ded, Bot he be yoldon to yond wijf. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10220 Ilkan to þe temple broght Sere giftes..All þair giftes þai ȝeld vp þar. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 67 Syþen riche forth runnen to reche honde-selle, Ȝeȝed ȝeres ȝiftes on hiȝ, ȝelde hem bi hond. a1483 in L. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 316 Þ^t euery prentes..shall elde a brekefast to the forsayde M. and Wardons. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ii. i. 90 Where the holy Trinitie did first yeeld it selfe in sensible apparition to the world. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 7 Our soule Cannot but yeeld you forth to publique thankes. View more context for this quotation 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 102 No furious God bestorms our soil and skies, Nor yield our hands the bloody sacrifice. b. To give as a favour, or as an act of grace; to grant, accord, allow, let (one) have, bestow. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > grant or allow to have lenda900 unneeOE titheeOE i-unneeOE reachOE aleneOE yatea1122 yielda1225 grant1297 vouchsafe1303 agrauntea1400 octroy1480 vouchsafe1587 beteem1600 stretch1711 accordc1820 a1225 Juliana 72 Schendeð hire nuðen ant ȝeldeð hire ȝarew borh. a1300 K. Horn 1066 (Cambr.) King þe wise, Ȝeld me mi seruise. Rymenhild help me winne. a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxx Afterwarde God yelde her that she had deseruid. 1575 G. Gascoigne Glasse of Gouernem. iii. iv. sig. Fiiii God is..bountifull, yelding vnto euery man that is industrious the open way to knowledge. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 15 Yeeld pytye; graunt mercy. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. xi. sig. Nn3^v To yield him loue she doth deny. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cxl. 19 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 237 Yeeld ô Lord, that eu'n the head of those That me enclose, of this their hott pursute May tast the frute. 1624 J. Davies Psalm iii in Wks. (Grosart) I. 365 His God to him not safety yeilds nor aid. 1825 W. Scott Betrothed xv, in Tales Crusaders II. 314 ‘I know but one [jugglers' feat],’ said Vidal, ‘and I will show it, if you will yield me some room.’ 1842 Ld. Tennyson Miller's Daughter (rev. ed.) in Poems (new ed.) I. 109 And slowly was my mother brought To yield consent to my desire. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §6. 89 The King yielded the citizens the right of justice. 1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche iii. xxiv. 36 His name she never learned, Nor was his image yielded to her sight. †c. To exercise, exert (a function, force, etc.); to deliver, deal (blows), to give (battle); to execute, inflict (a sentence, vengeance). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > put in effective operation yieldc1315 underbear1382 to put forthc1390 showa1398 apply?c1400 to put outc1400 exercisec1405 to put toc1410 employ?1473 enforce1490 exerce1535 adhibit?1538 addict1562 endeavour?1575 work1591 address1598 to give stream to?1611 to lay out1651 exsert1665 exert1682 c1315 Shoreham vii. 893 God þe fader hys leue sone Engendrede out of alle wone,..Ac man haþ certayn tyme of elde Wanne he may engendrure ȝelde. 13.. Seuyn Sag. (W.) 1932 Thries misdede this womman bald, And thre vengaunces he hire yald. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2708 Þe selcouþ a-sautes þat þei samen ȝolde. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5872 And taron sett he men at ask Of ilk dai to yeild þair task. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 3126 He..Bid buske him eft to þe bent vs bataill to ȝeld. a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 2472 Smert boffettes they yeldyd there. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1177 Iche buerne on his best wise batell to yelde. 1561 B. Googe tr. ‘M. Palingenius’ Zodiake of Life (new ed.) v. sig. Ov Of custome long is nature bred and yeldes her force alway To vse that long time hath bene kept. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades i. 3 The rancor ceaseth not, til they do yeeld their vengeance due. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 118 b Christ..doth encourage them..which do yeld their endeuour..to performe y^e rule of the Gospell. 11. To give forth, emit, discharge; to utter. Also absol. Obsolete except as represented by weakened uses of other senses, as 8, 14. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] speakc825 queatheOE forthdoc900 i-seggenc900 sayeOE speak971 meleOE quidOE spella1000 forthbringc1000 givec1175 warpa1225 mootc1225 i-schirea1250 upbringa1250 outsay?c1250 spilec1275 talec1275 wisea1300 crackc1315 nevena1325 cast1330 rehearsec1330 roundc1330 spend1362 carpa1375 sermona1382 to speak outc1384 usea1387 minc1390 pronouncea1393 lancec1400 mellc1400 nurnc1400 slingc1400 tellc1400 wordc1400 yelpc1400 worka1425 utterc1444 outspeakc1449 yielda1450 arecchec1460 roose?a1475 cutc1525 to come forth with1532 bubble1536 prolate1542 report1548 prolocute1570 bespeak1579 wield1581 upbraid1587 up with (also mid) ——1594 name1595 upbrayc1600 discoursea1616 tonguea1616 to bring out1665 voice1665 emit1753 lip1789 to out with1802 pitch1811 go1836 to open one's head1843 vocabulize1861 shoot1915 verbal1920 be1982 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit send971 stretchc1275 casta1300 sheda1325 manda1350 to throw outa1413 yielda1450 devoida1475 render1481 reflair1509 sup out1513 to give out1530 utter1536 spout1568 to give fortha1586 to let fly1590 to put out1614 eject1616 evacuate1622 ejaculate1625 emit1626 fling1637 outsend1647 exert1660 extramit1668 exclude1677 emane1708 extromita1711 evolve1772 emanate1797 discharge1833 exsert1835 to give off1840 a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail lvi. l. 481 And the tombe owt blood gan ȝelde. 1535 D. Lindsay Satyre 4354 Scho riftit, routit, and maid sic stends, Scho ȝeild, and gaid at baith the ends. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Yeld forth licoure, or moystnes, exsudo. 1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. F.iv^v It causeth the stomacke to yeld from him that is within him. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades iv. 72 They cries and clamors yeeld. 1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. D4^v Ne is there shepheard..That dare..Blaspheme his powre, or termes vnworthie yield. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §22 So we finde that Violets..yeeld a pleasing Sent. 1853 M. Arnold Scholar Gipsy in Poems (new ed.) 202 Air-swept lindens yield Their scent. 1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 85 The huge pavilion slowly yielded up,..that which housed therein. †12. a. To give, render, state, declare, deliver, communicate (speech, or something expressible in speech, as a reason, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] > deliver (a speech, etc.) yielda1350 say1463 give1834 a1350 St. Sextus 109 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 107 Decius Cesar..Demed þam al thre to ded. And when þe dome was ȝolden swa, Þan answerd þe dekins twa [etc.]. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Tim. vi. 13 Crist Jhesu, that ȝelde a witnessing vndir Pilat of Pounce. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 5192 Lat þi semblance be sadd quen þou þi saȝe ȝildis. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 104 b Yeldyng the same in the Latine toung almost, which Basile before him dyd expresse most manifestly in the Greeke toung. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. i. 14 We haue no other reason to yeeld of our dooing, but onely this. 1589 Sir T. Smith's Common-welth (rev. ed.) iii. iv. 121 The order of proceeding to iudgment is by assent of voices, and open yeelding their minde in court. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida i. sig. B3 Hast thou yeelded vp our fixt decree Vnto the Genoan Embassadour? 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iv. sig. G4 She were no woman, if shee could not yeelde strange language. 1607 S. Rowlands Diogines Lanthorne sig. E3^v Morrow (quoth he) Philosopher, I yeild thee time of day. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iii. i. 10 The reasons of our state I cannot yeelde . View more context for this quotation 1645 J. Ussher Body of Divinitie 43 What reason can you yeeld for this? †b. To report as being so-and-so: = deliver v.¹ 14e. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > reporting > report [verb (transitive)] i-telle971 reckOE tella1382 brevea1400 reportc1450 recount1477 reapport1486 refera1500 renowna1500 relate1530 informa1533 recommend1533 reaccount1561 re-report1599 yielda1616 delatea1639 narrate1656 bulletin1838 a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. v. 28 Anthonyo's dead. If thou say so Villaine, thou kil'st thy Mistris: But well and free, if thou so yeild him. There is Gold. 13. a. To give so as to supply a need or serve a purpose; to give or provide for use, furnish, afford. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide, afford, or yield givec1200 providec1425 supporta1449 utter1547 yield1548 offer1550 afforda1568 servea1577 award1582 presenta1586 produce1585 deliver1605 officiate1667 furnish1754 to throw up1768 scale1853 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxvi^v They could none otherwise do, but..yelde & geue hym a reasonable reward. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cclxxxij^v He made a goodly librarie, whiche yelded certen notable bookes afterwardes. 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 392/2 Castellum,..a conduit built with cocks and spowts to yeeld water. a1586 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David (1823) xviii. iv The cherubins their backs, the winds did yeild their wings To beare his sacred flight. 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 1 Navigable rivers, which yeelde safe havens and roads. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 594 That there is such a beast in the world, both Pliny..and others, doe yeald erefrigable testimony. 1660 J. Childrey Britannia Baconica 103 This County also yeilds good store of Honey. 1664 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 4) i. 89 Making each several string yeild a clear sound. 1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 326 Man is an harp whose chords elude the sight, Each yielding harmony, dispos'd aright. 1836 W. Irving Astoria II. 128 The narrow valley..being watered by a running stream, yielded fresh pasturage. 1875 H. Spencer First Princ. (ed. 3) ii. v. §57. 185 A ball fastened to the end of an india-rubber string yields a clear idea of the correlation between perceptible activity and latent activity. 1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 251 Two flints struck together yielded fire. b. To give rise to, cause, occasion (a state or feeling). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > give rise to makeOE breedc1200 wakea1325 wakenc1330 engendera1393 gendera1398 raisea1400 begetc1443 reara1513 ingener1513 ingenerate1528 to stir upc1530 yield1576 to pull ona1586 to brood up1586 to set afloat (on float)1586 spawn1594 innate1602 initiate1604 inbreed1605 irritate1612 to give rise to1630 to let in1655 to gig (out)1659 to set up1851 gin1887 the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)] > cause or give rise to an emotion rearOE arear?c1225 annoyc1300 movea1325 excite1393 raisea1400 lighta1413 stirc1430 provokec1450 provocate?a1475 rendera1522 to stir upc1530 excitate?1549 inspire1576 yield1576 to turn up1579 rouse1589 urge1594 incense1598 upraisea1600 upreara1600 irritate1612 awakena1616 recreate1643 pique1697 arouse1730 unlull1743 energize1753 evocate1827 evoke1856 vibe1977 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas 709 But if it..might empaire, offende, or yeld anoy Unto the state. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades i. 15 Yeelding the Greekes a thorough feare, the Troyans courage hie. 1618 J. Taylor Pennyles Pilgrimage B 3 We made a field-bed in the field, Which sleepe, and rest, and much content did yeeld. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 448 The English Fleete..comming, yeelded no small feare to the affrighted Towne. 1746 W. Dunkin tr. Horace in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Epistles ii. ii. 120 [He] Yields Diversion to the gaping Throng. 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 400 Curved forms and winding movements yield of themselves a certain satisfaction through the muscular sensibility of the eye. c. To furnish or produce as profit, bring in. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] > bring in (a revenue) raise1389 levy1469 to pull in?1529 to fetch again1535 to bring in?1548 yield1573 produce1585 answer1596 in1609 render1687 net1758 rent1775 realize1777 earn1847 recoup1868 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 31^v Good milchkowe & sound, yeldes yerely a pound. 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 114 Rockes yeldinge small proffitte. 1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) v. iv, in Wks. I. 246 I frotted a jerkin, for a new-reuenu'd gentleman, yeelded me threescore crownes but this morning. 1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 96 I..please my self with the thoughts of what it would yeild me among the Chineeses, and the English. 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. xii. 152 I have sold the things. They have not yielded quite as much as they might have done. 1895 Manch. Guardian 14 Oct. 5/5 It has cost altogether Rx. 875,000, and will yield a revenue to the Government of Rx. 50,000. †d. To present to view, exhibit. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > be or make visible [verb (transitive)] > present or exhibit presenta1398 to come out witha1500 discover1600 yield1622 1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman xvi. 206 The valley yeelding so goodly a prospect, as I neuer beheld a better. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1654 (1955) III. 114 The stables are well order'd, & yeild a gracefull front. 1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World ii. 69 We had a clear view of Staten land, which yields a most uncomfortable landskip. III. To surrender, give way, submit. 14. a. To hand over, give up, relinquish possession of, surrender, resign. archaic or poetic. (a) in material sense, esp. of surrendering a military position or forces to an enemy. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] forsakec893 forlet971 to reach upOE agiveOE yield?c1225 uptake1297 up-yield1297 yield1297 deliverc1300 to-yielda1375 overgivec1384 grant1390 forbeara1400 livera1400 forgoc1400 upgive1415 permit1429 quit1429 renderc1436 relinquish1479 abandonc1485 to hold up?1499 enlibertyc1500 surrender1509 cess1523 relent1528 to cast up?1529 resignate1531 uprender1551 demit1563 disclaim1567 to fling up1587 to give up1589 quittance1592 vail1593 enfeoff1598 revoke1599 to give off1613 disownc1620 succumb1632 abdicate1633 delinquish1645 discount1648 to pass away1650 to turn off1667 choke1747 to jack up1870 chuck up (the sponge)1878 chuckc1879 unget1893 sling1902 to jack in1948 punt1966 to-leave- society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (transitive)] > surrender (a town, etc.) yield1297 ayield1450 render1481 surrender1509 capitulate1610 to lay down (one's) arms1659 to ground arms1855 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3366 Þat hii ssolde him þe castel ȝelde ar he wiþ strengþe him nome. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2717 Do nu wel with-uten fiht, Yeld hire þe lond. c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Tale 56 And suretee wol I han er þat thou pace Thy body for to yelden in this place. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7164 Þe Iuus was þan þair vnder-lute, Sampson bunden þai yald for dute. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 125 Had he not come þe cyté had be ȝoldyn. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. cv^v Gif thou luffis thi life..Yeld me thi bright brand burnist sa bene. 1568 (a1508) W. Kennedy Flyting (Bannatyne) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 218 Deulbere, thy spere of were but feir thou yelde. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. lxxviii. 158 The shippe beeing yeelded, our men did enter the same. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 233 The besieged did yeeld the place to the Queene. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 151 We soon made him yield his Prize to engage with us. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lxxxviii. 132 The hard heir strides about their lands, And will not yield them for a day. View more context for this quotation (b) in immaterial sense. ΚΠ a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10602 Þai yald hir [sc. the child Mary] to þe temple þan. 1486 in Surtees Misc. (1890) 54 Yelding his title and his crowne unto the king. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 2296/2 [Queen Mary] who beyng long sicke before, vpon the sayd xvii. day of Nouember,..yelded her life to nature. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. E4, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) I was content to yeelde my interest for eleuen hundred and three score poundes. 1611 Bible (King James) Rom. vi. 13 Neither yeeld yee your members as instruments of vnrighteousnes vnto sinne. View more context for this quotation 1623 J. Taylor New Discouery by Sea B j We..Were glad to yeeld the honour of the day Vnto our foes. 1656 J. Bramhall Replie to Refut. 34 in Replic. to Bishop of Chalcedon He is well contented to pass by them all in silence, which is as much as yeeld the Cause. a1771 T. Gray Ess. I in W. Mason Mem. Life & Writings (1775) 197 The prostrate South to the Destroyer yields Her boasted titles. 1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 177 It will be imagined, that I yield my opinions from meanness of spirit. 1833 J. H. Newman Arians 4th Cent. iv. i. 312 The timid Constantius, yielding to fear what he denied to justice. 1838 G. P. R. James Robber I. vii. 159 You have yielded your heart and your happiness to one of whose..family you know nothing. †(c) To give up, resign (mentally). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > give up a person for lost yield1697 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ii. 17 Those two men that we left the day before did not come to us till we were in the North Seas, so we yielded them also for lost. (d) To relinquish, surrender (a position of advantage or point of superiority). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > a position of advantage yield1590 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ii. sig. B5 Ech to other yealdeth land. 1647 A. Cowley Bathing in Mistress iii And still old Lovers yield the place to new. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1666 (1955) III. 438 [This] put new courage into our fleete now in a manner yeilding ground. 1797 W. Godwin Enquirer i. viii. 69 Grief does not easily yield its place to joy. 1851 E. B. Browning Casa Guidi Windows i. xxvii. 73 With our live fighters, who will scorn to yield A hair's-breadth ev'n. 1864 Congressional Globe 5 Mar. 934/2 Mr. Schenck. I ask the gentleman from Vermont to yield to me for about five minutes. Mr. Morrill. I will yield the gentleman ten minutes of my time. 1869 A. C. Swinburne in S. T. Coleridge Christabel Introd. p. xv The finest of Coleridge's Odes is beyond all doubt the ‘Ode to France’... It were profitless now to discuss whether it should take or yield precedence when weighed with the ‘Ode to Liberty’. b. with up; rarely with over. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] forsakec893 forlet971 to reach upOE agiveOE yield?c1225 uptake1297 up-yield1297 yield1297 deliverc1300 to-yielda1375 overgivec1384 grant1390 forbeara1400 livera1400 forgoc1400 upgive1415 permit1429 quit1429 renderc1436 relinquish1479 abandonc1485 to hold up?1499 enlibertyc1500 surrender1509 cess1523 relent1528 to cast up?1529 resignate1531 uprender1551 demit1563 disclaim1567 to fling up1587 to give up1589 quittance1592 vail1593 enfeoff1598 revoke1599 to give off1613 disownc1620 succumb1632 abdicate1633 delinquish1645 discount1648 to pass away1650 to turn off1667 choke1747 to jack up1870 chuck up (the sponge)1878 chuckc1879 unget1893 sling1902 to jack in1948 punt1966 to-leave- ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 194 Þreateð þet ȝe wulleð ȝelden up þe castel bute he sende sonre help. c1290 St. Lucy 83 in S. Eng. Leg. 103 Ich ȝelde him op al mi bodi. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1256 He ȝald vp his swerd to saue þanne his liue. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1140 Or he ȝode þai ȝolde hym vp þe realm. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cclviii He tolde them..that onlesse thei woulde yelde vp the toune..he would put them to the sword. 1600 in E. F. Rimbault Old Cheque-bk. Chapel Royal (1872) 5 Edward Pearce yealded up his place for the Mastership of the children of Poules. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Macc. x. 32 I yeeld vp my authoritie ouer it. View more context for this quotation 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iv. xxix. 168 The ring which bound the faith he swore, By Edith freely yielded o'er. 1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. i. 38 He had kindly yielded up to us his wife's own little parlour. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xvi. 155 Sir Leicester yields up his family legs to the family disorder [sc. gout]. c. to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit): to ‘give up the ghost’, die, expire. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)] forsweltc888 sweltc888 adeadeOE deadc950 wendeOE i-wite971 starveOE witea1000 forfereOE forthfareOE forworthc1000 to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE queleOE fallOE to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE to shed (one's own) blood?a1100 diec1135 endc1175 farec1175 to give up the ghostc1175 letc1200 aswelta1250 leavea1250 to-sweltc1275 to-worthc1275 to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290 finea1300 spilla1300 part?1316 to leese one's life-daysa1325 to nim the way of deathc1325 to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330 flit1340 trance1340 determinec1374 disperisha1382 to go the way of all the eartha1382 to be gathered to one's fathers1382 miscarryc1387 shut1390 goa1393 to die upa1400 expirea1400 fleea1400 to pass awaya1400 to seek out of lifea1400–50 to sye hethena1400 tinea1400 trespass14.. espirec1430 to end one's days?a1439 decease1439 to go away?a1450 ungoc1450 unlivec1450 to change one's lifea1470 vade1495 depart1501 to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513 to decease this world1515 to go over?1520 jet1530 vade1530 to go westa1532 to pick over the perch1532 galpa1535 to die the death1535 to depart to God1548 to go home1561 mort1568 inlaikc1575 shuffle1576 finish1578 to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587 relent1587 unbreathe1589 transpass1592 to lose one's breath1596 to make a die (of it)1611 to go offa1616 fail1623 to go out1635 to peak over the percha1641 exita1652 drop1654 to knock offa1657 to kick upa1658 to pay nature her due1657 ghost1666 to march off1693 to die off1697 pike1697 to drop off1699 tip (over) the perch1699 to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703 sink1718 vent1718 to launch into eternity1719 to join the majority1721 demise1727 to pack off1735 to slip one's cable1751 turf1763 to move off1764 to pop off the hooks1764 to hop off1797 to pass on1805 to go to glory1814 sough1816 to hand in one's accounts1817 to slip one's breatha1819 croak1819 to slip one's wind1819 stiffen1820 weed1824 buy1825 to drop short1826 to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839 to get one's (also the) call1839 to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840 to unreeve one's lifeline1840 to step out1844 to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845 to hand in one's checks1845 to go off the handle1848 to go under1848 succumb1849 to turn one's toes up1851 to peg out1852 walk1858 snuff1864 to go or be up the flume1865 to pass outc1867 to cash in one's chips1870 to go (also pass over) to the majority1883 to cash in1884 to cop it1884 snuff1885 to belly up1886 perch1886 to kick the bucket1889 off1890 to knock over1892 to pass over1897 to stop one1901 to pass in1904 to hand in one's marble1911 the silver cord is loosed1911 pip1913 to cross over1915 conk1917 to check out1921 to kick off1921 to pack up1925 to step off1926 to take the ferry1928 peg1931 to meet one's Maker1933 to kiss off1935 to crease it1959 zonk1968 cark1977 to cark it1979 to take a dirt nap1981 c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 211 He was neiȝ ope þe pointe þene gost op to ȝelde. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 13262 Þey fond hym sone, ȝeldyng þe gast. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 209 How our leuedi endid and yald Hir sely saul. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 2188 Whan with honour yolden is vp his breeth. c1430 Chev. Assigne 335 He bowethe hym down & ȝeldethe vp þe lyfe. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 1088 The batell was richt crewell to behold, Of knychtis wich that haith there lyvis ȝolde. 1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 4000 in Wks. (1931) I Thay,..For extreme hunger, ȝald the spreit. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 303 Canutus the Hardie..who there amid his cups yeelded up his vitall breath. 1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xlix. 33 He..yeelded vp the ghost, and was gathered vnto his people. View more context for this quotation 1627 J. Taylor Armado sig. C4 The Horse proued himselfe a mortall beast, yeelding his breath into the ayre. 1844 E. B. Barrett Romaunt of Page in Poems I. 160 Out upon that traitor's corse, Was yielded the true spirit. a1845 T. Hood Fall of Deer 35 Nor like a Craven yeeld his Breath. d. reflexive and †passive. To be dedicated or devoted to; to give oneself up or be addicted to. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > be occupied or busy (in or at something) [verb (intransitive)] > devote or apply oneself to something study1340 yield?a1366 voida1382 vacatea1706 to give of oneself1926 the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > occupy or busy oneself [verb (reflexive)] > devote or apply oneself choosea1300 yield?a1366 givea1400 employ1439 applyc1450 poura1500 intend?1504 delivera1533 addict1534 bequeath1558 bend1591 devotea1616 devow1626 surrendera1732 puzzle1751 the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > do habitually [verb (reflexive)] > become addicted to yield?a1366 to take to ——1834 ?a1366 Romaunt Rose 429 As she were, for the love of God, Yolden to religioun. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 317 In blake clothes thei hem clothe,..And yolde hem to religion. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 951 Y ware ȝolde euermore to be your knyght. 1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 124 Eleazar..was gone and yeelded to prophane ceremonies. 1825 W. Scott Talisman iv, in Tales Crusaders III. 113 All the extravagances which strong affection suggests and vindicates to those who yield themselves up to it. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xiii. 121 I..yielded myself for a little while to the interest of the scene. 15. reflexive. To give oneself up, surrender, submit, as to a conqueror (now rare; superseded by 16). Also with up. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (reflexive)] > surrender yield1297 render1494 surrender1585 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > offer no resistance [verb (reflexive)] > give in ayielda1000 yield1297 bandona1400 submita1450 renounce?1531 render1604 exhibit1628 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 5447 Þe maystres of þe lond ȝolde hom to hom echon [v.rr. ȝulde, ȝoulde, ȝeldede, ȝelden]. a1300 Cursor Mundi 23769 Hardili es he cuward,..Þat yeildes him ar he be soght. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1215 I ȝelde me ȝederly & ȝeȝe after grace. c1400 Brut cxcvii. 219 Anone he & his company comen to the Gentil Knyght..& saiden ‘ȝelde þe, traitour! ȝelde þe!’ 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. xxii. 306 Rather shalle he slee me than I shal yelde me as recreaunt. 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 237 Quhen deith cummis thair is na vther grace, Bot ȝeild the than, for doutles thow mon die. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. iii. 10 Vnlesse thou yeeld thee as my prisoner. View more context for this quotation 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xix. 724/1 The sight of vs their annointed Soueraign shall..cause them..submissiuely to yeeld themselues to our mercy. 1642 J. Taylor Whole Life Henry Walker sig. A3^v Others would have him come on Land and yeeld himselfe. a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 215 Genoua also was constrained to yeeld it self, and shake off the French yoke. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vii. 160 Indeed I love thee: come, Yield thyself up. with compl.1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xii. 193 He ȝelte [v.rr. yald, ȝelde, yelde, ȝalte, ȝald] hym creaunt to cryst on þe crosse & knewleched hym gulty.c1500 Melusine (1895) 335 My intencion is thither to goo and to yeld my self there hermyte.1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cclxxxiiij^v I yelde my self prisoner to you saith he.1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xxxi. 109 My Don will..yeeld himself his prisoner.1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. xii. 54 To those that have yeelded themselves subjects.1801 M. Edgeworth Prussian Vase in Moral Tales III. 20 He..yielded himself up a prisoner.1813 W. Scott Rokeby iv. 177 He..yielded him an easy prey To those who led the Knight away.with infinitive.1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons Ded. 1 b [They] will (with humility) yeeld themselues to heare and learne by their experiences. 16. a. intransitive. To give oneself up, surrender, submit (as overcome in fight). Also with up (obsolete rare). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defeat > be defeated [verb (intransitive)] > surrender to cry (or say) creanta1250 to yield oneself creanta1250 to do (also put) oneself in (also to) a person's mercya1325 yieldc1330 recray1340 summisec1450 render1523 amain1540 surrender1560 to throw down one's arms (also weapons, etc.)1593 articulate1595 to yield (also bow oneself) to (also upon) mercy1595 to give grass1597 capitulate1601 to cry cravena1634 to lower or strike one's flag1644 bail1840 hands-up1879 kamerad1914 c1330 Arth. & Merl. 3451 Seuen kniȝtes..to hem ward gun priken..& bad hem ȝeld. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxv. 461 Sir knyght, thow art take yelde thow to me. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xvi. lxx It [sc. a castle] must yelde vp, or els be wonne at length. 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 28 The rebells therewith weere so terrified, that they forthwith yeelded. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. ii. 37 England shall couch downe in feare, and yeeld . View more context for this quotation 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 314 There needed very few Arguments to perswade a single Man to yield, when he saw five Men upon him, and his Comrade knock'd down. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xvii. 16 Yield. Leave the body and these gory spoils. †with compl.a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Aii^v [They] Brought..A yongman, bound his handes behinde his back: Whoe willingly had yelden prisoner. b. In wider sense: To give way, be subjected, submit (cf. 17); occasionally to break down, succumb. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > be irresolute or vacillate [verb (intransitive)] > give way or give in benda1400 sink?a1513 to give over1530 to cry creak?1562 yield1576 to hold up1596 succumb1604 to give in1616 to hoist, lower, strike the topsaila1629 to cry cravena1634 to give up or cross the cudgels1654 incumb1656 to fall in1667 to knock under1670 to knock under board, under (the) table1692 to strike underc1730 knuckle down1735 to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860 chuck up (the sponge)1864 to throw in one's hand1893 to sky the wipe (or towel)1907 to drop one's bundle1915 to throw (chuck, or toss) in the towel1915 to buckle up1927 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > offer no resistance [verb (intransitive)] > give in descend?a1400 to give up the girdlea1400 submita1525 to give over1530 subscribe1560 yield1576 come1607 to give in1616 to give the stoop1623 buckle1642 incumb1656 to knock under board, under (the) table1692 capitulate1714 to strike underc1730 knuckle down1735 cave1844 to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860 incline1866 to give (it) best1878 give way1879 to roll over1919 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas Ep. Ded. Shall I yelde to mysery as a just plague apointed for my portion? 1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. II. iv. ii. sig. Vv.vii/1 The worldly griefe is the sorrowe of such men..as yeeld vnder the burthen of sorrowe. 1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 v. ii. 11 Thus yeelds the Cedar to the axes edge. 1640 G. Sandys tr. H. Grotius Christs Passion i. 184 Not yeelding to the charmes of Sleep. a1721 M. Prior Turtle & Sparrow (1723) 86 Sorrow shou'd to Prudence yield. 1751 T. Gray Elegy vii. 6 Oft did the harvest to their sickle yield. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby vi. 308 The night has yielded to the morn. 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. xliv. 42 The child..soon yielded to the drowsiness that came upon her. a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1873) III. v. 355 Theory should yield to fact, and not fact to theory. 1896 Pall Mall Mag. May 17 The night was yielding, and the dawn came up in a thin white mist. †c. past participle in reflexive or intransitive sense = that has surrendered. Hence in passive sense = forced to surrender, subdued. Obsolete. Cf. yielded adj., yielden adj., yolden adj.In quot. a1330 with mixed constr. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > submit [verb (intransitive)] onboweOE bowa1000 abeyc1300 yielda1330 loutc1330 couchc1386 to come to a person's mercy?a1400 to do (also put) oneself in (also to) a person's mercya1400 hielda1400 underlouta1400 foldc1400 to come (also to put oneself) in a person's willc1405 subjectc1475 defer1479 avale1484 to come in1485 submita1525 submita1525 stoop1530 subscribe1556 compromit1590 warpa1592 to yield (also bow oneself) to (also upon) mercy1595 to come in will to a person1596 lead1607 knuckle1735 snool1786 a1330 Otuel 862 Hit where sschame..To sslen a man þat ȝolden him is. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 1211 Now yeldeth yow, for oþer bote is noon. To þat Criseyde answered þus a-noon, Ne hadde I er now, my swete herte dere, Ben yolden, y-wys I were now not here. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1899 Þe erthe at to myne enpire enterely bees ȝolden. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur vii. xi. 228 Whan ye see me beten or yolden as recreaunt. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxxii^v Although the partie be yolden, he may with wordes saye his quarel is trewe. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1903) II. iv. xii. 91 Þe Inemyis kest away þare wappynnys and war ȝoldin presoneris. a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Civ Like as the elm..doth bend his top, Till yold with strokes..with ruine it doth fall. a1600 A. Montgomerie Sonnets xxxvi. 7 I ȝoldin am, and ȝit am stryving still. a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems xxi. 11 To prove on me thy pith,..That ȝoldin am in will. †d. To give place, give way to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > supplanting or replacement > take the place of or replace [verb (intransitive)] > be replaced by give placec1384 yield1604 cede1633 decede1655 give way1713 society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > submit to [verb (transitive)] > acknowledge superiority or supremacy of yield1604 own1653 to give (a person or thing) best1851 to hand it to1901 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. xxvii. 201 In some partes one element ends and another beginnes, yeelding by degrees one vnto another. 1611 W. Mure Misc. Poems ii. 42 I yeild to the, more worthie thame nor I. e. To be inferior to. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > be unimportant [verb (transitive)] > be unimportant to > be of lesser importance to to put behindc1380 yield1617 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xxvi. 281 But as touching almonds and other fruites, all trees must yeelde to the almonds of Chachapoyas.] 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 18 The City [of Nuremberg]..may perhaps yield to Augsburg in treasure and riches. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. i. vi. 110 Their Mutton yields to ours, but their Beef is excellent. 1826 S. Smith Wks. (1859) II. 74 Demerara yields to no country in the world in her birds. 1832 R. Lander & J. Lander Jrnl. Exped. Niger I. iv. 187 The vast plain on which it stands, although exceedingly fine, yields in..fertility and..beauty..to the delightful country surrounding the..city of Bohoo. 17. a. To give way to persuasion, entreaty, or the like; to cease to oppose or object; to submit, comply, consent. Also with up (obsolete rare). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > [verb (intransitive)] > comply descend?a1400 condescend1429 yield?a1500 contentc1530 submit1667 comply1671 to come about1709 ?a1500 Chester Pl. (E.E.T.S.) vii. 647 Turne to thie fellowes and kis! I yeald, for in my youth we haue bene fellowes, I wis. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xvii. sig. ei Ther lacked litle that the yonge man was nat vainquisshed, & that the flesshe yelded nat to the seruice of Venus. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer ii. sig. Q.iv^v He woulde neuer yelde at the perswasion of many Scholars. 1583 in Publ. Catholic Rec. Soc. (1908) 5 43 Yealdinge to the froward importunities of the Donatists. 1589 R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations To Rdr. sig. 4^v I haue yeelded vnto those my freindes which pressed me in the matter. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice* iv. i. 422 You presse me farre, and therefore I wil yeeld . View more context for this quotation 1630 W. Prynne Anti-Arminianisme 2 We will foorthwith yeeld vp to them without any more dispute. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 409 Thy temperance..For no allurement yields to appetite. View more context for this quotation 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones IV. x. iii. 22 He..yielded to the Dissuasions of his Friend from searching any farther after her that Night. View more context for this quotation 1866 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood xxvi As soon as they had yielded to my arguments. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §5. 516 The danger at last forced the King to yield to the Scotch demands. †b. with infinitive or clause, or with to and noun: To submit, consent, agree (to do something, that something should be done, or to something proposed). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > consent to [verb (transitive)] > concede to or comply with granta1250 i-yettc1275 listenc1290 to listen onc1330 submita1387 consent1393 tenderc1430 servec1450 ottroye1477 admit1529 yield1572 closea1616 concede1632 comply1650 to fall in1651 to come into ——1704 give way1758 accordc1820 1572 in 13th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1892) App. iv. 13 If such reasons shall not move him for to yeald to departe. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxi. 202 To..graunt, that what their fancie will not yeelde to like their iudgement cannot with reason condemn. 1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales i. xvi. 31 The Reatins..no way yeelding that the mouth of the lake Velinus should be dammed vp. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies vii. xii. 529 As this was preparing, and every one yeelded to this treatie of peace [etc.]. 1626 J. Pory Let. 11 Aug. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 245 Which news so soon as the French heard, their courage came downe, and they yielded to be gone the next tyde. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 248 To short absence I could yeild. For solitude somtimes is best societie. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 902 How hast thou yeelded to transgress The strict forbiddance. View more context for this quotation a1763 W. Shenstone Wks. Verse & Prose (1764) I. 55 Should some patron yield my stores to bless. 1799 J. West Tale of Times xxxiii Nor can I yield to sully my integrity by basely framing a forged accusation. 1814 J. West Alicia de Lacy IV. 265 He yielded to ask for mercy, but he yielded without hope of success. 18. transitive. †a. With adjective complement or adjectival phrase: To acknowledge or admit that a person or thing is so-and-so. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)] > a person > that a person or thing is so-and-so yielda1300 a1300 Cursor Mundi 28077 Til our lauerd crist and þe, M. gastli fader, yeild i me Plighti for my syn o pride. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 374 I, glotoun,..gylti me ȝelde, Þat I haue trespassed with my tonge. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) x. 120 Ȝeldynge him self gylty, and cryenge him mercy. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 87 Yeldyng vs gylty not for the thanke of man but Coram domino. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. iv. 42 Till you conclude, that he vpon whose side The fewest Roses are cropt from the Tree, Shall yeeld the other in the right opinion. 1630 W. Freake tr. C. Francken Doctr. Iesuites i. 17 Which thing, if I shall yeeld vnto you as lawfully done [etc.]. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 526 I yeild it just, said Adam, and submit. View more context for this quotation 1673 R. Allestree Ladies Calling i. iv. ⁋19 I shall be thought to have out-run my subject... Yet I cannot yield it wholly impertinent. 1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe i. 6 He yields his Arms unjust if he withdraws. 1744 E. Haywood Female Spectator (1748) viii. II. 65 I knocked under, in token of yielding myself in the wrong. †b. With clause or accusative and infinitive: To concede or admit that a thing is so. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)] yknowOE knowc1175 takec1175 undergoc1315 receive1318 takea1333 allowc1350 accept1439 admitc1449 recognize1509 concedea1513 adhibit1542 allow1548 yieldc1571 acquiescatea1586 yield1590 gratify1662 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V8^v Pensiue I yeeld I am, and sad in mind. 1605 G. Chapman Al Fooles ii. i I must yeeld,..I did..Make such a frivall promise. 1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 242 The Apostle Paul 2 Cor. ii. 6 is content to yeeld his accusers, that, he was ‘rude in speech’. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 214 I thinke that I also shall be yeelded to have the Spirit of God. 1692 J. Locke 3rd Let. for Toleration iv. 114 I will yield my self to have mistaken you. a1697 J. Aubrey Brief Lives: Suckling (1898) II. 241 Sir John Digby..yielded to be the best swordsman of his time. 1703 N. Rowe Fair Penitent v. i 'Tis hard for Souls like mine..to yield they have done amiss. c. With simple object, with or without dative of the person: To grant, allow, concede the fact, validity, or cogency of. Now rare (and associated with 14). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)] yknowOE knowc1175 takec1175 undergoc1315 receive1318 takea1333 allowc1350 accept1439 admitc1449 recognize1509 concedea1513 adhibit1542 allow1548 yieldc1571 acquiescatea1586 yield1590 gratify1662 c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. vii. 26 The honorabell historian Titus Livius, yeldeth certaine priviledge to antiquitie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 410 I yeeld all this. View more context for this quotation c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. viii. §7 This idle e;..in wordes ending in c,..as peace, face [etc.]... These I yeld because I ken noe other waye to help this necessitie. a1652 R. Brome Queenes Exchange (1657) i. i Tis true, the King Osriick..may be thought fit To be endow'd with all you seem to yeild him. 1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 55. 354 All which wise Men mean was yielded on both sides by our Lawyers. 1726 J. Swift Cadenus & Vanessa 14 And Pallas, if she broke the Laws, Must yield her Foe the stronger Cause. 1907 F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (ed. 2 reissued) I. 63 The point appears to have been yielded. †19. reflexive. To betake oneself (cf. French se rendre); hence yield-you as a nonce-rendering of rendez-vous. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (reflexive)] wendeOE meteOE drawc1175 flitc1175 do?c1225 kenc1275 teemc1275 movec1300 graitha1325 dightc1330 redec1330 windc1330 yieldc1330 dressa1375 raikc1400 winc1400 pass?a1425 get1492 tirec1540 flitch?1567 frame1576 betake1639 rely1641 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 14225 [Guenevere] ȝald hure til þat nonnerye. c1400 Rom. Rose 4904 He..yalte [him] into somme couente. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xvii. xxiii. 724 Sire Percyual yelded hym to an hermytage oute of the cyte. 1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 295 He tooke his leaue of hir, and went out..into a narrowe by lane, where from thenceforth euer after the (yeeld you) was giuen him. 20. a. intransitive. To give way under some natural or mechanical force, so as to collapse, stretch, bend, crack, etc.; spec. To deform inelastically; to undergo a large increase in strain without a corresponding increase in stress. Const. to (the force, pressure, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > weakness > give way under force or pressure [verb (intransitive)] alet?c1400 yield1552 give way1640 to give back1674 give1687 the world > space > shape > misshapenness > lose shape or become misshapen [verb (intransitive)] > due to strain or stress crumple?c1450 collapse1732 set1798 flow1887 yield1900 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Yeld againe as dankysh, contabesco. 1577 T. Kendall tr. Politianus et al. Flowers of Epigrammes f. 42 Can Flint or Marble harde be made, as yeldyng Butter softe? 1579 T. Lodge Protogenes 26 Looke for wonders where musike worketh,..the bowels of the earth yeld where the instrument soundeth. 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 31 As there is a Topace that will yeeld to euerie stamp, so there is an Emerald that will yeeld to no impression. 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) 2 [The sea] doth not..seeme to yeld to the lande in anye parte. c1610–15 Life St. Mildrede in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 64 The same stone moste miraculouslie being pulled, would yield like a bowe. 1735 S. Johnson tr. J. Lobo Voy. Abyssinia 98 After Rains,..the Ground yields and sinks so much, that [etc.]. 1830 R. Knox tr. P. A. Béclard Elements Gen. Anat. 196 If they [sc. the arteries] be distended in the longitudinal direction, they yield and elongate. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xiv. 96 The snow yielded, he fell, and slid swiftly downwards. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining (at cited word) Pillars of coal are said to yield when they commence to give way or crush. 1900 London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 50 77 The assumption..that the material yields when one of the principal stresses reaches a certain amount. 1927 F. V. Warnock Strength of Materials iii. 46 At the point C the material has yielded a large amount, and the corresponding stress is known as the ‘Yield Stress’. 1968 A. H. Cottrell Introd. Metall. xxi. 395 Suppose that the central grain..has in fact so yielded (e.g. because of the stress-concentrating effect of a foreign inclusion in it), but its neighbours are still elastic. b. To submit to some physical action or agent (e.g. pressure, friction, heat, etc.) so as to be affected by it. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > operation upon something > exert operative influence [verb (intransitive)] > be affected by yield1794 sympathize1876 ail1918 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 37 He distinguishes those that yield to the file, as the white copper ore, hæmatites, etc. 1828 N. P. Willis in Legendary II. 183 When the frost has yielded to the sun. 1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist II. xxi. 32 The door yielded to the pressure. 1847 W. C. L. Martin Ox 158/1 Ophthalmia arising..from blows, generally yields to bleeding. 1867 H. Macmillan Bible Teachings Pref. (1870) p. vii The mountain must yield to the action of cold and heat. 1908 H. Wales Old Allegiance (ed. 2) xvii. 292 I was surprised that you didn't yield to brandy. †21. To decline, turn aside, be deflected from a path or course: literal and figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > change direction of movement of [verb (transitive)] > cause to deviate from course > deviate from (course) leaveeOE to depart from1393 swervea1513 yield1576 1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 15 [Setters] attend diligently vpon theyr Master..inclining to the right hand, or yealding toward the left. 1631 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husbandry (ed. 6) i. ii. 22 Ease your hand, and draw it up againe, letting it come and goe till hee yeeld and goe backeward. 1806 Simple Narr. I. 21 Without yielding, in the smallest degree, from the resolution she had formed. Compounds yield-capacity n. capacity of yielding or producing. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > [noun] > capacity of heart1577 yield-capacity1889 1889 Nature 12 Dec. 122 To assess the yield-capacity of any locality stocked with Scotch pine. yield gap n. the excess rate of return of long-dated or undated Government stocks over that of ordinary shares. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > prices of stocks and shares > difference in rate of return yield gap1959 1959 Economist 25 Apr. 353/1 Investors today keep a careful eye on the ‘yield gap’—the margin between dividend yields on ordinary shares and long term rates of interest set by the yield on irredeemable Consols. 1981 Observer 4 Oct. 19/2 It would also draw attention to the widening yield gap between gilts and shares. yield-point n. (the stress corresponding to) the point on a stress–strain diagram at which the strain begins to increase substantially without a corresponding increase in stress: in some metals differentiated as upper yield point, a point at which the stress ceases to increase as the strain increases, prior to a fall to the lower yield point, from which the strain increases while the stress remains almost constant at the lower value; also, esp. in Geology, the elastic limit or the yield strength. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > mechanics > force > [noun] > tension > amount at which material yields yield-point1886 1870 G. Berkeley in Exper. Mech. & Other Properties Steel 4 Within the ‘yielding point’ of Steel the amount of lengthening from tension, or shortening from compression, produced by equal forces per unit of area is nearly the same.] 1886 K. Pearson in I. Todhunter Hist. Theory Elasticity & Strength of Materials I. 887 When a bar is subjected to increasing traction, a certain stretch is reached after which there is a sudden and rapid increase of stretch... The point at which this change takes place is very marked, and various names have been suggested for it, as the limit of fatigue, the limit of stability, and the break-down point. The latter name brings out the character of the phenomenon, but at the same time suggests a point related to absolute strength or cohesion; I have therefore spoken of this point in the present work as the yield-point. 1889 Telegr. Jrnl. & Electr. Rev. 20 Dec. 707/1 The question of discontinuity of the curves about the ‘yield point’ was next discussed. 1919 Fuller & Johnston Appl. Mech. II. x. 378 If the material is very ductile a yield point in torsion will appear at a torque somewhat higher than the elastic limit, similar to the yield point in tension. 1967 J. G. Ramsay Folding & Fracturing of Rocks vi. 258 The specimen has..been permanently strained because the elastic limit has been exceeded. The point where this limit is first exceeded is known as the yield point. 1968 A. H. Cottrell Introd. Metall. xxi. 390 In some materials..general yielding can begin in a very striking manner with a yield drop in which the applied stress falls, during yielding, from an upper yield point to a lower yield point. 1971 B. Scharf Engin. & its Lang. iv. 23 Many metals such as aluminium, copper and brass have high ductility but no definite yield point (yield stress). 1981 Pop. Hot Rodding Feb. 66/1 To delve into this whole subject more deeply, we discussed it with SPS engineer Jack Schmidt, who spoke to us of tensile strength, yield points, and clamping loads. yield sign n. U.S. = give-way sign n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > vehicular traffic > [noun] > traffic control > road sign > specific halt sign1932 no-entry sign1937 yield sign1951 give-way sign1963 sharrow2004 1951 C. E. Riggs in Amer. City June 133/1 On one street of each open intersection the sign reading slow yield right of way is erected... The new ‘yield’ signs are..of distinctive shape. 1977 J. Cheever Falconer 48 Putting up traffic signs, speeding signs, yield signs, stop signs. yield strength n. in materials that do not exhibit a well-defined yield point, the stress at which (in addition to the elastic deformation) a definite amount of plastic deformation is produced (usually taken as 0·2 per cent of the unstressed length). ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [noun] > action or fact of putting or being out of shape > as result of pressure or strain > yield stress or strength yield1889 yield stress1913 yield strength1935 1935 Proc. Amer. Soc. Testing Materials 38 1315 Yield strength, the stress at which a material exhibits a specified limiting permanent set. 1967 Times Rev. Industry Feb. 45/2 Some British orders went overseas because of the inability..to cope with the more difficult combinations of pipe diameter, wall thickness and yield strength. 1982 Materials Sci. & Engin. LVI. 10/1 The yield strength of tempered lath martensitic 0·4% C steels is generally independent of packet size. yield stress n. the value of stress at a yield point or at the yield strength. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [noun] > action or fact of putting or being out of shape > as result of pressure or strain > yield stress or strength yield1889 yield stress1913 yield strength1935 1913 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 88 465 The observed stress at yield might..be below the true yield stress. 1954 C. W. MacGregor in W. R. Osgood Residual Stresses in Metals 110 Local yielding occurred with an applied uniform tensile stress considerably less than the yield stress. 1971 [see yield-point n.]. 1973 C. R. Barrett et al. Princ. Engin. Materials vi. 208 The applied tensile stress required to induce plastic behavior is known as the elastic limit or yield stress. 1973 J. G. Tweeddale Materials Technol. I. iv. 81 The yield stress is slightly above the elastic limit since it clearly represents the incidence of gross plastic strain. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.601v.c825
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yieldn.

Compounds

Draft additions 1993

yieldv.

Compounds