Yiddishn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈjɪdɪʃ/, U.S.

/ˈjɪdɪʃ/

Origin: A borrowing from Yiddish. Etymon: Yiddish yidish.

Etymology: < Yiddish yidish (adjective) Jewish, also Yiddish, (noun) the Yiddish language < Middle High German jüdisch Jewish (see Judeish adj. and n.), in the specific use with reference to the language more fully Middle High German jüdischdiutsch (German jüdischdeutsch , literally ‘Jewish-German’; < jüdisch + diutsch German: see Dutch adj.).Yiddish-speakers in medieval and early modern Europe called their vernacular taytsh ( < German deutsch), literally ‘German’. The English name of the vernacular language was reborrowed into German as jiddisch (1909), where it coexisted at first with jüdischdeutsch (adjective), Jüdischdeutsch (noun). Solomon A. Birnbaum's Praktische Grammatik der jiddischen Sprache (1918) contributed to the spread of jiddisch (adjective) and Jiddisch (noun) as the now usual name of the language in German, while in English, A. Harkavy's Yiddish-English Dictionary (1898) was influential.

A. n.

A vernacular language used by Jewish people in or from central or eastern Europe which is based chiefly on High German, has many words borrowed from Hebrew and the Slavonic languages, and is written using Hebrew characters.Yiddish is usually considered a Germanic language. It has two main varieties: Western and Eastern Yiddish. The Western variety, historically spoken in western and central parts of Central Europe (chiefly in Germany), is now nearly extinct; even just before the Holocaust it was spoken by only about 10,000 people, whereas Eastern Yiddish numbered several millions of speakers.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Yiddish

Judaeo-German1822

Yiddish1871

1871 Israelite (Cincinnati, Ohio) 28 July 4/1 They sit without hats, say but a few words of ‘Yiddish’.

1917 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 310 In 1903..Yiddish was solemnly proclaimed the Jewish national language.

1938 Better Eng. Feb. 50 As a rule, Yiddish-speaking people do not move in higher society.

1970 Language 46 939 Standard Yiddish is the only variety taught in the schools.

2014 New Yorker 26 May 39/1 Anyone whose grandparents reverted to Yiddish in moments of exasperation will recall how this dual linguistic citizenship works.

B. adj.

Of or relating to Yiddish or the Jewish people who use it. Also (and in earliest use): designating a person who speaks Yiddish or (more generally) a Jewish person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > Yiddish

Yiddish1878

1878 Sporting Times 23 Nov. 4/4 My dear, 'Twill be your better plan To keep in future very clear Of that young Yiddish man.

1886 W. Besant Children of Gibeon III. ii. xxviii. 158 A large importation of Polish Jews who were making a little Yiddish Poland for themselves up a court.

1907 Theatre Mag. Apr. 190/1 From English dramas to those in the Yiddish dialect.

1977 Rolling Stone 16 June 43/2 ‘Never point your gun at someone,’ Prince clucked in a Yiddish accent.

2015 N.Y. Times Mag. 25 Jan. 27/1 She didn't want her intimacy with her husband to be prost—the Yiddish word for vulgar, debased.

Derivatives

ˈYiddishness n. [partly after Yiddish yidishkeyt Yiddishkeit n.] Yiddish quality or character.

ΚΠ

1903 Standard 15 Jan. 7/1 Even the casual visitor to the Jewish quarter of Manchester cannot fail to be struck by the growing Yiddishness of the city.

1914 O. M. Johnson in D. De Leon i. 125 The ‘German’ of this last document is rather funny and its Yiddishness is unmistakable.

2001 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 13 May (Late ed.) ii. 10/1 The pastoral Yiddishness of ‘Fiddler on the Roof’ choreography.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	yiddish
释义	Yiddishn.adj. Brit. /ˈjɪdɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈjɪdɪʃ/ Origin: A borrowing from Yiddish. Etymon: Yiddish yidish. Etymology: < Yiddish yidish (adjective) Jewish, also Yiddish, (noun) the Yiddish language < Middle High German jüdisch Jewish (see Judeish adj. and n.), in the specific use with reference to the language more fully Middle High German jüdischdiutsch (German jüdischdeutsch , literally ‘Jewish-German’; < jüdisch + diutsch German: see Dutch adj.).Yiddish-speakers in medieval and early modern Europe called their vernacular taytsh ( < German deutsch), literally ‘German’. The English name of the vernacular language was reborrowed into German as jiddisch (1909), where it coexisted at first with jüdischdeutsch (adjective), Jüdischdeutsch (noun). Solomon A. Birnbaum's Praktische Grammatik der jiddischen Sprache (1918) contributed to the spread of jiddisch (adjective) and Jiddisch (noun) as the now usual name of the language in German, while in English, A. Harkavy's Yiddish-English Dictionary (1898) was influential. A. n. A vernacular language used by Jewish people in or from central or eastern Europe which is based chiefly on High German, has many words borrowed from Hebrew and the Slavonic languages, and is written using Hebrew characters.Yiddish is usually considered a Germanic language. It has two main varieties: Western and Eastern Yiddish. The Western variety, historically spoken in western and central parts of Central Europe (chiefly in Germany), is now nearly extinct; even just before the Holocaust it was spoken by only about 10,000 people, whereas Eastern Yiddish numbered several millions of speakers. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Yiddish Judaeo-German1822 Yiddish1871 1871 Israelite (Cincinnati, Ohio) 28 July 4/1 They sit without hats, say but a few words of ‘Yiddish’. 1917 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 310 In 1903..Yiddish was solemnly proclaimed the Jewish national language. 1938 Better Eng. Feb. 50 As a rule, Yiddish-speaking people do not move in higher society. 1970 Language 46 939 Standard Yiddish is the only variety taught in the schools. 2014 New Yorker 26 May 39/1 Anyone whose grandparents reverted to Yiddish in moments of exasperation will recall how this dual linguistic citizenship works. B. adj. Of or relating to Yiddish or the Jewish people who use it. Also (and in earliest use): designating a person who speaks Yiddish or (more generally) a Jewish person. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > Yiddish Yiddish1878 1878 Sporting Times 23 Nov. 4/4 My dear, 'Twill be your better plan To keep in future very clear Of that young Yiddish man. 1886 W. Besant Children of Gibeon III. ii. xxviii. 158 A large importation of Polish Jews who were making a little Yiddish Poland for themselves up a court. 1907 Theatre Mag. Apr. 190/1 From English dramas to those in the Yiddish dialect. 1977 Rolling Stone 16 June 43/2 ‘Never point your gun at someone,’ Prince clucked in a Yiddish accent. 2015 N.Y. Times Mag. 25 Jan. 27/1 She didn't want her intimacy with her husband to be prost—the Yiddish word for vulgar, debased. Derivatives ˈYiddishness n. [partly after Yiddish yidishkeyt Yiddishkeit n.] Yiddish quality or character. ΚΠ 1903 Standard 15 Jan. 7/1 Even the casual visitor to the Jewish quarter of Manchester cannot fail to be struck by the growing Yiddishness of the city. 1914 O. M. Johnson in D. De Leon i. 125 The ‘German’ of this last document is rather funny and its Yiddishness is unmistakable. 2001 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 13 May (Late ed.) ii. 10/1 The pastoral Yiddishness of ‘Fiddler on the Roof’ choreography. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1871
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