† yernadj.

Forms: Old English georn, Middle English ȝeorn, Middle English ȝern, (Middle English ȝarn, yerin), Middle English ȝerne, yerne, Middle English yarne, yherne, 1500s yorne, yearne, (1800s dialect jern).

Etymology: Old English georn = Old Saxon gern , Old High German gern , kern (Middle High German gern , German -gern ), Old Norse gjarn , Gothic -gaírns (in seinagaírns selfish, faíhugaírns covetous), also Old Saxon -gerni (Middle Low German gerne ), Old High German *gerni , kerni (Middle High German -gerne ); < Germanic ger- : see yere v. and compare yearn v.¹

Obsolete.

a. Eager, earnestly or keenly desirous; also, greedy, covetous.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [adjective]

yernc893

oflisteOE

courageousc1290

eager?a1300

greedya1300

keena1375

affectuousa1400

lickerousc1405

appetentc1420

affectual1483

gasping1517

zealous1531

avidious1534

avidous1542

affectivec1550

anxious1570

lickerish1579

solicitous1628

mantling1657

ambitioning1683

urgent1753

avid1769

agasp1800

concernable1886

yearnful1889

yevery1896

c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iii. viii. 122 For þæm þe ægþer þara folca wæs þæs gefeohtes georn.

971 Blickl. Hom. 43 Ne sceal he eac beon to georn deadra manna feos.

OE Guthlac B 1078 Ic eom siþes fus upeard niman edleanan georn in þam ecan gefean.

a1200 Moral Ode 256 in Old Eng. Hom. I. 175 Þa þe weren swa lese þet me hom ne mihte ileuen Med-ierne domes men & wrong-wise reuen.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 14638 Þat ȝe war sauf garn haue i bene.

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. vi. x. 852 To fecht wiþ him þai wer full ȝarne [v.r. yherne].

1905 Eng. Dial. Dict. at Yearn In phr. to be jern on a thing, to be bent on it. Shr., Mtg. I'm jern on this or that.]

b. Earnestly occupied or engaged, busy (about something).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [adjective] > busied about or in something

butewarda1300

yerna1400

conversanta1425

incumbent1548

conversant1621

versant1645

versed1654

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8205 O þaa wandes grett lose þai made. þe king abute þam was ful gern [Gött. ȝerne, Trin. Cambr. ȝern].

c1450 Mirk's Festial 147 Þer was a tonne of bras..into þe wheche tonne he was put and closyd þeryn, and fure made vndyr hote, and so þei weren ȝerne about for þat Seynt Ion schuld haue ben brent þeryn.

2. Swift, rapid; brisk, lively; nimble, active.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > [adjective] > qualities of bodily movement > agile or nimble

lightOE

quiverOE

yepec1275

taitc1300

yap13..

delivera1375

swippera1387

wight1390

nimblea1400

yarea1400

yerna1400

smitherc1475

leger1483

agilea1500

liver1530

lightsome1567

wimble1579

nimble jointed1591

nimble shifting1591

agilious1599

nimbling1599

nimble spirited1611

expedite1612

fitchanta1616

airy1642

fantastic1645

volant1650

clever1691

light-limbed1695

spry1746

swack1768

swank1786

yauld1787

deliverly1820

slippy1847

nippy1849

springe1859

pantherish1869

pantherine1890

flippant1895

loose1907

Tarzanesque1933

Tarzan-like1943

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [adjective] > moving swiftly and briskly

lightOE

quiverOE

wight1390

yerna1400

sharpc1440

fisking?1523

skeetc1540

nimblea1547

flit1590

brisk1599

brisky1600

smart1602

whipping1602

running1662

nimble-movinga1676

snack1710

brushing1792

adance1828

slippy1847

nippy1849

smartish1921

hoppy1934

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 23588 Sun and mon, and water and stern, þat rinnes now wit ras sa yerin.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 71 But of hir soong it was as loude and yerne As any swalwe sittyng on a Berne.

?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) l. 383 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 246 Yorkshippe [read Yorkshire] like yorne [c1650 Percy yearne] men egerly they foughten.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† yernv.

Forms: Old English geiernan, geyrnan, northern geiorna, Middle English ȝurne, ȝirne, Middle English ȝerne, yerne. past tense. α. (strong Old English gearn, ( garn, geharn), giarn, plural geurnon, ge-uurnun, giurnun, Middle English ȝorn, Middle English yorn, ȝorne, yorne, yourne, ȝarn, yarn, Middle English yarne, yurne; β. (weak Old English plural geærndon, Middle English yerned. past participle Old English geurnen (see yearn v.² etymology); Middle English yȝarned.

Etymology: Old English geiernan , geærnan : see y- prefix 3c and run v. For the specific sense ‘to curdle’ see yearn v.²It is unclear whether Old English and Middle English prefixed past participle forms represent the prefixed or the unprefixed verb, i.e. run v. or yern v., as formally they may belong to either. For this reason all Old English and Middle English prefixed past participle forms have been repeated in the Forms sections of both entries.

Obsolete.

a. intransitive. = run v. 1, 7, 8.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > going swiftly on foot > go swiftly on foot [verb (intransitive)] > run

yernc900

runOE

rasec1275

canter1765

pelt1831

shin1838

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go away suddenly or hastily

fleec825

runOE

swervea1225

biwevec1275

skip1338

streekc1380

warpa1400

yerna1400

smoltc1400

stepc1460

to flee (one's) touch?1515

skirr1548

rubc1550

to make awaya1566

lope1575

scuddle1577

scoura1592

to take the start1600

to walk off1604

to break awaya1616

to make off1652

to fly off1667

scuttle1681

whew1684

scamper1687

whistle off1689

brush1699

to buy a brush1699

to take (its, etc.) wing1704

decamp1751

to take (a) French leave1751

morris1765

to rush off1794

to hop the twig1797

to run along1803

scoot1805

to take off1815

speela1818

to cut (also make, take) one's lucky1821

to make (take) tracks (for)1824

absquatulize1829

mosey1829

absquatulate1830

put1834

streak1834

vamoose1834

to put out1835

cut1836

stump it1841

scratch1843

scarper1846

to vamoose the ranch1847

hook1851

shoo1851

slide1859

to cut and run1861

get1861

skedaddle1862

bolt1864

cheese it1866

to do a bunkc1870

to wake snakes1872

bunk1877

nit1882

to pull one's freight1884

fooster1892

to get the (also to) hell out (of)1892

smoke1893

mooch1899

to fly the coop1901

skyhoot1901

shemozzle1902

to light a shuck1905

to beat it1906

pooter1907

to take a run-out powder1909

blow1912

to buzz off1914

to hop it1914

skate1915

beetle1919

scram1928

amscray1931

boogie1940

skidoo1949

bug1950

do a flit1952

to do a scarper1958

to hit, split or take the breeze1959

to do a runner1980

to be (also get, go) ghost1986

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > make hostile approach to

runOE

to seek on (also upon)c1230

pursuec1300

yerna1400

seek1487

visitc1515

coast1531

accost1597

to come at ——1601

to make against ——1628

to make at ——1637

tilt1796

rush1823

to come for ——1870

to move in1941

bum-rush1988

society > armed hostility > attack > invasion > invade [verb (transitive)] > overrun or harry

begoa855

harryc893

war1297

overridea1375

yerna1400

overrun?a1425

overharry1600

harrow1606

harassa1618

sweep1788

jay-hawk1866

c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. vi. 400 Þa geærndon hio sume ðrage, & eft hwurfon.

c900 Wærferth tr. Gregory's Dial. xii. (1900) 88 & þa him gangendum in þam wege him ongen geurnon [v.r. urnon] þer ærendracan.

c1300 K. Horn (Laud 108) 749 To boure he gan ȝerne.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. iii. 213 (MS. R.) Emperoures..þurȝ ȝiftes han ȝoumen to ȝernen [v.r. renne] and to ride.

a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 2699 Forthe [he] is wiþ þat yȝarned [rhyme forbarnd; v.r. yroune, rhyme brenne].

a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 565 Of wilde beestes com a grete pray, Ȝerned þorouȝout þe contray.

a1400 Octouian 561 The maryners..yorne awey, with good wylle, Well hastyly.

a1400 Octouian 965 Vpon a stede he gan yerne With sper and scheld.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 881 Bot þat þe ȝonge men, so ȝepe, ȝornen þer-oute.

c1400 St. Jer. 15 Tokens 45 Þe deuelen willen come ȝernend & speten fire & blast.

c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 74 He saw a mych flote of wylde swyne yernynge vp-on hugh & moryce.

c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 82 He yarne to snellych for to socur hym.

b. = run v. 18.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > move [verb (intransitive)] > specific

runOE

yernc1055

wadea1400

roll?a1500

ridea1586

trepidate1623

c1055 Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia (1885) 8 298 Þes circul ys todæled ontwelf, & seo sunne geyrnð þas twelf fætu binnan . xii. monðum.

c1055 Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia (1885) 8 320 Saturnus ys se ytemesta he geyrnð his ryne binnan þrittigum wintrum.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 84 Stedeuest and lestinde ase þe zonne, þet alneway yernþ and ne is neure wery.

1340 [see ].

2. = run v. 42.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)]

runeOE

flowa1000

fledec1175

farea1325

yern1340

fleamc1465

coursea1533

cool1545

roll1697

spend1735

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 27 Vor hit behoueþ þet zuich wyn yerne by þe teppe, ase þer is ine þe tonne.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 376 (MS. B) Water..Egerlich ȝernynge out of mennes eyen.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 105 Þe streem of Egipte þat ȝerneþ westward in to þe grete see.

a1400 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8671 (MS. C) Þe blod ȝorn to grounde.

3. figurative. = run v. 55, 63, 62.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (intransitive)] > go or proceed

yernc900

proceed?a1439

to pass off1752

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > continuity or uninterruptedness > have continuity [verb (intransitive)]

yernc900

runOE

continue1751

the world > time > [verb (intransitive)]

overgoeOE

agoeOE

goOE

forthgoOE

runOE

overdrivea1275

farea1325

overmetea1325

walka1325

passc1330

slidec1374

yern1377

to pass overa1382

wastec1385

waive1390

to pass awaya1400

overseyc1400

drive?c1450

to drive ona1470

slevea1510

to roll awaya1522

to roll overa1522

to wear out, forth1525

flit1574

to pass on1574

to run on1578

overhie1582

wear1597

overslip1607

spend1607

travel1609

to go bya1616

elapsea1644

to come round1650

efflux1660

to roll round1684

lapse1702

roll1731

to roll around1769

to roll by1790

transpire1824

to come around1829

tide1835

elabe1837

tick1937

the world > time > change > change [verb (intransitive)] > pass into state, become

yworthOE

worthOE

goOE

becomec1175

come?a1200

waxc1220

charea1225

aworthc1275

makea1300

fallc1300

breedc1325

grow1340

strikea1375

yern1377

entera1382

turna1400

smitec1400

raxa1500

resolvea1500

to get into ——?1510

waxen1540

get1558

prove1560

proceed1578

befall1592

drop1654

evade1677

emerge1699

to turn out1740

to gain into1756

permute1864

slip1864

c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iv. xxviii[i]. 366 Þa georn ðær sona upp genihtsumlic yrð & wæstm.

c900 Wærferth tr. Gregory's Dial. xxi. (1900) 147 Swa hwæt swa þe on mod geurne [L. quidquid animo occurrit].

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xi. 59 I forȝat ȝouthe and ȝarn [v.rr. yarne, ȝerne; 1393 ȝorn(e, ȝarn] in-to elde.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xix. 165 Enuye and vuel will ȝorn in þe Iewes.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 529 Þenne al rypeȝ & roteȝ þat ros vpon fyrst, & þus ȝirnez [MS reads ȝirneȝ] þe ȝere in ȝisterdayeȝ mony.

Derivatives

† yerning n. and adj. Obsolete (a) n. running, course; (b) adj. running.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > [noun]

flighta1325

yerning1340

movinga1387

motec1392

lation1603

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [adjective]

flowinga1000

runningOE

laving13..

yerning1340

current?1523

coursing1600

fluent1607

coulant1632

aflow1863

society > armed hostility > attack > invasion > [noun] > overrunning or harrying

harryingc900

yerning1340

overrunning?a1425

distressing1599

scouringa1616

sweep1837

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 141 Þe sterre þet hatte staturne,..þet asemoche yernþ in onelepi daye mid þe firmament..ase he deþ ine þritti yer ine his oȝene sercle and ine his oȝene yerninge.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 255 Þe melle wyþoute scluse þet alne-way went be þe yernynge of þe wetere.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 13 Þanne þe province was swiþe destourbed by rennynge of [MS. γ ȝurnyng and] reses of straungers.

a1400 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8288 (MS. C) Þe ȝurnende water was of hor blod al red.

c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 94 Bytwene twe perylle:—on on halue, þe wode-yernynge watyr so grysly; on other halue, hys fomen.

† yerner n. Obsolete a runner.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > going swiftly on foot > [noun] > running > a runner

leapera1000

coursera1400

yernera1400

runner1440

a1400 Praier & Compl. Ploughman (1531) F ij Thou ne madest none suche shepherdes ne kepers of thy schepe, that weren yerners aboute countreys.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	yern
释义	† yernadj. Forms: Old English georn, Middle English ȝeorn, Middle English ȝern, (Middle English ȝarn, yerin), Middle English ȝerne, yerne, Middle English yarne, yherne, 1500s yorne, yearne, (1800s dialect jern). Etymology: Old English georn = Old Saxon gern , Old High German gern , kern (Middle High German gern , German -gern ), Old Norse gjarn , Gothic -gaírns (in seinagaírns selfish, faíhugaírns covetous), also Old Saxon -gerni (Middle Low German gerne ), Old High German gerni , kerni* (Middle High German -gerne ); < Germanic ger- : see yere v. and compare yearn v.¹ Obsolete. 1. a. Eager, earnestly or keenly desirous; also, greedy, covetous. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [adjective] yernc893 oflisteOE courageousc1290 eager?a1300 greedya1300 keena1375 affectuousa1400 lickerousc1405 appetentc1420 affectual1483 gasping1517 zealous1531 avidious1534 avidous1542 affectivec1550 anxious1570 lickerish1579 solicitous1628 mantling1657 ambitioning1683 urgent1753 avid1769 agasp1800 concernable1886 yearnful1889 yevery1896 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iii. viii. 122 For þæm þe ægþer þara folca wæs þæs gefeohtes georn. 971 Blickl. Hom. 43 Ne sceal he eac beon to georn deadra manna feos. OE Guthlac B 1078 Ic eom siþes fus upeard niman edleanan georn in þam ecan gefean. a1200 Moral Ode 256 in Old Eng. Hom. I. 175 Þa þe weren swa lese þet me hom ne mihte ileuen Med-ierne domes men & wrong-wise reuen. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 14638 Þat ȝe war sauf garn haue i bene. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. vi. x. 852 To fecht wiþ him þai wer full ȝarne [v.r. yherne]. 1905 Eng. Dial. Dict. at Yearn In phr. to be jern on a thing, to be bent on it. Shr., Mtg. I'm jern on this or that.] b. Earnestly occupied or engaged, busy (about something). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [adjective] > busied about or in something butewarda1300 yerna1400 conversanta1425 incumbent1548 conversant1621 versant1645 versed1654 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8205 O þaa wandes grett lose þai made. þe king abute þam was ful gern [Gött. ȝerne, Trin. Cambr. ȝern]. c1450 Mirk's Festial 147 Þer was a tonne of bras..into þe wheche tonne he was put and closyd þeryn, and fure made vndyr hote, and so þei weren ȝerne about for þat Seynt Ion schuld haue ben brent þeryn. 2. Swift, rapid; brisk, lively; nimble, active. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > [adjective] > qualities of bodily movement > agile or nimble lightOE quiverOE yepec1275 taitc1300 yap13.. delivera1375 swippera1387 wight1390 nimblea1400 yarea1400 yerna1400 smitherc1475 leger1483 agilea1500 liver1530 lightsome1567 wimble1579 nimble jointed1591 nimble shifting1591 agilious1599 nimbling1599 nimble spirited1611 expedite1612 fitchanta1616 airy1642 fantastic1645 volant1650 clever1691 light-limbed1695 spry1746 swack1768 swank1786 yauld1787 deliverly1820 slippy1847 nippy1849 springe1859 pantherish1869 pantherine1890 flippant1895 loose1907 Tarzanesque1933 Tarzan-like1943 the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [adjective] > moving swiftly and briskly lightOE quiverOE wight1390 yerna1400 sharpc1440 fisking?1523 skeetc1540 nimblea1547 flit1590 brisk1599 brisky1600 smart1602 whipping1602 running1662 nimble-movinga1676 snack1710 brushing1792 adance1828 slippy1847 nippy1849 smartish1921 hoppy1934 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 23588 Sun and mon, and water and stern, þat rinnes now wit ras sa yerin. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 71 But of hir soong it was as loude and yerne As any swalwe sittyng on a Berne. ?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) l. 383 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 246 Yorkshippe [read Yorkshire] like yorne [c1650 Percy yearne] men egerly they foughten. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † yernv. Forms: Old English geiernan, geyrnan, northern geiorna, Middle English ȝurne, ȝirne, Middle English ȝerne, yerne. past tense. α. (strong Old English gearn, ( garn, geharn), giarn, plural geurnon, ge-uurnun, giurnun, Middle English ȝorn, Middle English yorn, ȝorne, yorne, yourne, ȝarn, yarn, Middle English yarne, yurne; β. (weak Old English plural geærndon, Middle English yerned. past participle Old English geurnen (see yearn v.² etymology); Middle English yȝarned. Etymology: Old English geiernan , geærnan : see y- prefix 3c and run v. For the specific sense ‘to curdle’ see yearn v.²It is unclear whether Old English and Middle English prefixed past participle forms represent the prefixed or the unprefixed verb, i.e. run v. or yern v., as formally they may belong to either. For this reason all Old English and Middle English prefixed past participle forms have been repeated in the Forms sections of both entries. Obsolete. 1. a. intransitive. = run v. 1, 7, 8. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > going swiftly on foot > go swiftly on foot [verb (intransitive)] > run yernc900 runOE rasec1275 canter1765 pelt1831 shin1838 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go away suddenly or hastily fleec825 runOE swervea1225 biwevec1275 skip1338 streekc1380 warpa1400 yerna1400 smoltc1400 stepc1460 to flee (one's) touch?1515 skirr1548 rubc1550 to make awaya1566 lope1575 scuddle1577 scoura1592 to take the start1600 to walk off1604 to break awaya1616 to make off1652 to fly off1667 scuttle1681 whew1684 scamper1687 whistle off1689 brush1699 to buy a brush1699 to take (its, etc.) wing1704 decamp1751 to take (a) French leave1751 morris1765 to rush off1794 to hop the twig1797 to run along1803 scoot1805 to take off1815 speela1818 to cut (also make, take) one's lucky1821 to make (take) tracks (for)1824 absquatulize1829 mosey1829 absquatulate1830 put1834 streak1834 vamoose1834 to put out1835 cut1836 stump it1841 scratch1843 scarper1846 to vamoose the ranch1847 hook1851 shoo1851 slide1859 to cut and run1861 get1861 skedaddle1862 bolt1864 cheese it1866 to do a bunkc1870 to wake snakes1872 bunk1877 nit1882 to pull one's freight1884 fooster1892 to get the (also to) hell out (of)1892 smoke1893 mooch1899 to fly the coop1901 skyhoot1901 shemozzle1902 to light a shuck1905 to beat it1906 pooter1907 to take a run-out powder1909 blow1912 to buzz off1914 to hop it1914 skate1915 beetle1919 scram1928 amscray1931 boogie1940 skidoo1949 bug1950 do a flit1952 to do a scarper1958 to hit, split or take the breeze1959 to do a runner1980 to be (also get, go) ghost1986 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > make hostile approach to runOE to seek on (also upon)c1230 pursuec1300 yerna1400 seek1487 visitc1515 coast1531 accost1597 to come at ——1601 to make against ——1628 to make at ——1637 tilt1796 rush1823 to come for ——1870 to move in1941 bum-rush1988 society > armed hostility > attack > invasion > invade [verb (transitive)] > overrun or harry begoa855 harryc893 war1297 overridea1375 yerna1400 overrun?a1425 overharry1600 harrow1606 harassa1618 sweep1788 jay-hawk1866 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. vi. 400 Þa geærndon hio sume ðrage, & eft hwurfon. c900 Wærferth tr. Gregory's Dial. xii. (1900) 88 & þa him gangendum in þam wege him ongen geurnon [v.r. urnon] þer ærendracan. c1300 K. Horn (Laud 108) 749 To boure he gan ȝerne. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. iii. 213 (MS. R.) Emperoures..þurȝ ȝiftes han ȝoumen to ȝernen [v.r. renne] and to ride. a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 2699 Forthe [he] is wiþ þat yȝarned [rhyme forbarnd; v.r. yroune, rhyme brenne]. a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 565 Of wilde beestes com a grete pray, Ȝerned þorouȝout þe contray. a1400 Octouian 561 The maryners..yorne awey, with good wylle, Well hastyly. a1400 Octouian 965 Vpon a stede he gan yerne With sper and scheld. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 881 Bot þat þe ȝonge men, so ȝepe, ȝornen þer-oute. c1400 St. Jer. 15 Tokens 45 Þe deuelen willen come ȝernend & speten fire & blast. c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 74 He saw a mych flote of wylde swyne yernynge vp-on hugh & moryce. c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 82 He yarne to snellych for to socur hym. b. = run v. 18. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > move [verb (intransitive)] > specific runOE yernc1055 wadea1400 roll?a1500 ridea1586 trepidate1623 c1055 Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia (1885) 8 298 Þes circul ys todæled ontwelf, & seo sunne geyrnð þas twelf fætu binnan . xii. monðum. c1055 Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia (1885) 8 320 Saturnus ys se ytemesta he geyrnð his ryne binnan þrittigum wintrum. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 84 Stedeuest and lestinde ase þe zonne, þet alneway yernþ and ne is neure wery. 1340 [see ]. 2. = run v. 42. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] runeOE flowa1000 fledec1175 farea1325 yern1340 fleamc1465 coursea1533 cool1545 roll1697 spend1735 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 27 Vor hit behoueþ þet zuich wyn yerne by þe teppe, ase þer is ine þe tonne. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 376 (MS. B) Water..Egerlich ȝernynge out of mennes eyen. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 105 Þe streem of Egipte þat ȝerneþ westward in to þe grete see. a1400 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8671 (MS. C) Þe blod ȝorn to grounde. 3. figurative. = run v. 55, 63, 62. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (intransitive)] > go or proceed yernc900 proceed?a1439 to pass off1752 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > continuity or uninterruptedness > have continuity [verb (intransitive)] yernc900 runOE continue1751 the world > time > [verb (intransitive)] overgoeOE agoeOE goOE forthgoOE runOE overdrivea1275 farea1325 overmetea1325 walka1325 passc1330 slidec1374 yern1377 to pass overa1382 wastec1385 waive1390 to pass awaya1400 overseyc1400 drive?c1450 to drive ona1470 slevea1510 to roll awaya1522 to roll overa1522 to wear out, forth1525 flit1574 to pass on1574 to run on1578 overhie1582 wear1597 overslip1607 spend1607 travel1609 to go bya1616 elapsea1644 to come round1650 efflux1660 to roll round1684 lapse1702 roll1731 to roll around1769 to roll by1790 transpire1824 to come around1829 tide1835 elabe1837 tick1937 the world > time > change > change [verb (intransitive)] > pass into state, become yworthOE worthOE goOE becomec1175 come?a1200 waxc1220 charea1225 aworthc1275 makea1300 fallc1300 breedc1325 grow1340 strikea1375 yern1377 entera1382 turna1400 smitec1400 raxa1500 resolvea1500 to get into ——?1510 waxen1540 get1558 prove1560 proceed1578 befall1592 drop1654 evade1677 emerge1699 to turn out1740 to gain into1756 permute1864 slip1864 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iv. xxviii[i]. 366 Þa georn ðær sona upp genihtsumlic yrð & wæstm. c900 Wærferth tr. Gregory's Dial. xxi. (1900) 147 Swa hwæt swa þe on mod geurne [L. quidquid animo occurrit]. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xi. 59 I forȝat ȝouthe and ȝarn [v.rr. yarne, ȝerne; 1393 ȝorn(e, ȝarn] in-to elde. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xix. 165 Enuye and vuel will ȝorn in þe Iewes. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 529 Þenne al rypeȝ & roteȝ þat ros vpon fyrst, & þus ȝirnez [MS reads ȝirneȝ] þe ȝere in ȝisterdayeȝ mony. Derivatives † yerning n. and adj. Obsolete (a) n. running, course; (b) adj. running. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > [noun] flighta1325 yerning1340 movinga1387 motec1392 lation1603 the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [adjective] flowinga1000 runningOE laving13.. yerning1340 current?1523 coursing1600 fluent1607 coulant1632 aflow1863 society > armed hostility > attack > invasion > [noun] > overrunning or harrying harryingc900 yerning1340 overrunning?a1425 distressing1599 scouringa1616 sweep1837 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 141 Þe sterre þet hatte staturne,..þet asemoche yernþ in onelepi daye mid þe firmament..ase he deþ ine þritti yer ine his oȝene sercle and ine his oȝene yerninge. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 255 Þe melle wyþoute scluse þet alne-way went be þe yernynge of þe wetere. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 13 Þanne þe province was swiþe destourbed by rennynge of [MS. γ ȝurnyng and] reses of straungers. a1400 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8288 (MS. C) Þe ȝurnende water was of hor blod al red. c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 94 Bytwene twe perylle:—on on halue, þe wode-yernynge watyr so grysly; on other halue, hys fomen. † yerner n. Obsolete a runner. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > going swiftly on foot > [noun] > running > a runner leapera1000 coursera1400 yernera1400 runner1440 a1400 Praier & Compl. Ploughman (1531) F ij Thou ne madest none suche shepherdes ne kepers of thy schepe, that weren yerners aboute countreys. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.c893v.c900
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