yearningn.¹

Brit.

/ˈjəːnɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈjərnɪŋ/

Forms: see yearn v.¹ and -ing suffix¹; also Old English wyrninga (accusative plural, transmission error), Old English wyrnynga (accusative plural, transmission error), late Old English gyrnigge (accusative, perhaps transmission error), late Old English gyrnuunge (accusative, perhaps transmission error).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: yearn v.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < yearn v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.Compare also the Old English prefixed form gegiernung desire, petition, request ( < gegiernan (see yearn v.¹) + -ing suffix¹).

a. The action of yearning (for, after, or to do something); strong desire or longing. Also as a count noun: a feeling of strong desire or longing. Formerly also with †of, †to.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [noun]

ondeeOE

yearningeOE

longingOE

forlonginga1250

mourningc1300

yering13..

eye-seke?c1500

panting1580

greening1584

smackeringa1586

brame1590

languora1599

earning1603

lingering1608

yawning1635

tantalizing1640

slavering1642

longingness1651

tantalization1654

twittering1668

hankering1678

honing1725

lech1796

yearna1797

languishment1817

yearningness1839

hanker1881

tantalizingness1889

yen1906

society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > personal income or acquired wealth

yearningeOE

livelihooda1325

livingc1330

thrifta1350

fanging1493

thrive1592

stipend1605

censea1637

revenue1653

private income1725

establishment1726

take1937

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) v. 45 Monige menn siendon..ðe..beoð onælede mid ðære gierninge [eOE Junius girninge] ðara smeaunga Godes wisdomes anes.

OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) xi. 115 Cui terrenae possessionis delectat ambitio : þam eorðlicre æhte gegladað gyrnincg.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 105 Þurch ȝirnunge of heorte. to houenliche þinges.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 91 His þurst nis buten ȝirnunge of ure saule hele.

J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) l. 507 A urangwise wilnyng Or yernyng to hafe any kyns gode that us augh noght.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10513 Þi ȝerning gode and þi prayere, Es comyn now to goddes ere.

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 1127 For al þat in world men tel can, Es outher yhernyng of þe flesshe of man, Or yhernyng of eghe,..Or pride of lyfe.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 742 Thai, to fullfill hys ȝarnyng, Become his men euirilkane.

1494 W. Hilton Scala Perfeccionis (de Worde) ii. xxi. sig. k*ii^v The yernyng of thyn herte to Jhesu.

1593 J. Napier Plaine Discouery Reuelation St. Iohn ii. xxii. 268 That holy spirit in himself, hath no yearning, nor other passions.

1699 R. Prudom Truth unvail'd by Scripture-light iv. 197 The Soul under the sense of Divine Love, hath..an inward yearning after Holiness.

1754 W. Dodd Sisters II. v. i. 122 I have such a yearning, such an earnest desire to see my child.

1821 Ld. Byron Cain iii. i, in Sardanapalus 413 Such melancholy yearnings o'er the past.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cxiv. 180 Less yearning for the friendship fled.

1872 H. P. Liddon Some Elements Relig. i. 24 That Being to Whom the highest yearnings of his inmost self constantly point.

1941 N.Y. Herald Tribune 2 Feb. (This Week section) 12/1 They still possessed a lively spirit of play and a yearning for some sort of physical competition.

1985 M. Parfit South Light (1988) ix. 107 The seal was..looking up from the hole with an expression of soulful yearning. Ellen blamed this on his mateless condition.

2006 Independent 16 May 41/2 The social insecurity of young adulthood, the yearning to make an impact.

b. An object of desire; that which is strongly desired or longed for. Frequently with possessive adjective.

ΘΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [noun] > object of intense desire

yearninga1450

a1450 (?a1349) in H. E. Allen Eng. Writings R. Rolle (1931) 44 (MED) Take til þe al myne entent, þat þow be my ȝhernyng.

a1599 R. Rollock Lect. Epist. Paul to Colossians (1603) iv. 44 And there is no faithfull man, but their yearning is to see him with their bodily eye.

1828 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 586/1 He dreams neither of a Mahometan paradise, nor a Christian heaven; his yearning is to melt,—to die,—to sleep,—not to be.

1869 J. B. Mozley Univ. Serm. (1876) ii. 40 The great yearning of prophecy was the total destruction of idolatry.

1940 Life 3 June 94/2 (advt.) The destruction of these links, without which the British Empire dissolves into isolated chunks of peoples and lands, is Hitler's great yearning.

2011 J. Dilevko et al. Contemp. World Fiction v. 184 They are shocked to discover that his greatest yearning is to become Jewish.

†2. The baying of a hunting dog at the sight of game; barking, yelping. Also in extended use. Cf. yearn v.¹ 5. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [noun] > sound made by > making sound

abayc1330

yearning1531

babbling1568

earning?1578

chiding1600

opening1662

tonguing1851

tolling1869

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xviii. sig. Jvii If they wold vse but a fewe nombre of houndes, onely to harborowe or rouse the game; and by their yorning to gyue knowlege, whiche way it fleeth.

1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxv. 181 When they beginne to baye, (whiche in the earth is called Yearnyng).

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 30 Thee skrich rings mounting, increast is the horror of armoure, From sleepe I broad waked,..And to the shril yerning with tentiue greedines harckned.

1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars ii. lii. 41 Like to a heard of weary hartlesse Deare..Proouing each couert, euery secret place, Yet by the hounds recouered eu'ry where With eager yearning in the sented trace.

1800 S. Edwards Cynographia Brit. at Terrier The yearning of the Dog will direct the digger, who in digging down should place the spade between the Dog and the fox.

3. A feeling of compassion or strong emotion; the state of being moved with compassion or strong emotion. Formerly also: †sorrow, grief (obsolete). Cf. yearn v.¹ 6. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > compassion > [noun] > state of being moved by

melting1526

yearning1578

1578 M. Tyler tr. D. Ortúñez de Calahorra Mirrour Princely Deedes sig. K.iii Rosicleer feelinge a yerning in hys minde [Sp. mouido a compasion] agaynst so vnlawfull a practise if hir tale were true, hadde hir take hir boate agayne.

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xi. 247 Amongst all other vices, there is none I hate moore, than crueltie... But it is with such an yearning [Fr. mollesse] and faint-hartednes, that if I see but a chickins necke pulld off,..I cannot choose but grieve.

1647 S. Moore (title) The yernings of Christs bowels towards his languishing friends.

1690 J. Norris Christian Blessedness 134 All that inward Feeling and Yerning of the Heart and Soul at a pitiful Object.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. viii. x. 232 If I did not feel some Yearnings towards you from another Consideration, I must be the most ungrateful Monster upon Earth.

1786 tr. Horace in J. Parke et al. Lyric Wks. Horace ii. ii. 53 Proculeius' envi'd name, Who, though a brother, yet could prove, the yearning of a parent's love.

1883 Harper's Mag. June 140/1 Women..are divinely gifted with a yearning so truly motherly that [etc.].

1917 St. Andrew's Cross Dec. 17/2 Surely much of the bitterest agony that Our Lord suffered in that last week was his yearning over Judas, who would not come to him.

1997 Times of India 26 Mar. 15/2 The compassion of God towards those who were enmeshed in sin, and of his yearning over sinners.

Compounds

† yearning meat n. Obsolete rare the food which a person desires; cf. meat n. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food otherwise characterized > [noun] > food yearned for

yearning meata1400

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3684 ‘Fader’, he said, ‘sitt vp and ete, I ha broght þi ȝerning mete.’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

yearningn.²

Brit.

/ˈjəːnɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈjərnɪŋ/, Scottish English

/ˈjɛrnɪŋ/,

/ˈjɛrnɪn/

Forms: Middle English yernyng, 1500s yerens (plural), 1700s–1800s yerning (English regional (northern)), 1700s– yearning, 1800s– yenning (English regional (Yorkshire)), 1900s– yearnin (English regional (Yorkshire)); Scottish pre-1700 ȝirning, pre-1700 1700s– yearning, pre-1700 1900s (Orkney)– yerning, 1800s yearnin', 1800s– yearnin, 1800s– yirnin, 1800s– yirning, 1900s– yerneen (Orkney), 1900s– yernin, 1900s– yirnam (Orkney), 1900s– yirneen (Orkney), 1900s– yirnin'.

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: earning n.²

Etymology: Apparently a variant of earning n.², with palatal on-glide (compare e.g. β. forms at earth n.¹). Compare later yearn v.² and earn v.³

Scottish and English regional (chiefly northern).

Rennet. Also: the stomach of a calf (or occasionally another animal), as used in the production of rennet.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > rennet

cheeselipeOE

runningOE

yearning1371

congealinga1398

renninga1398

rueninga1398

rundlesa1400

curd?1440

rendles1440

pressure1486

rennet?a1500

ruen1510

runnet1577

rennet bag1611

earning1615

coagulum1658

cheese rennet1671

steep1688

stomach-bag1704

vell1724

1371–3 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 577 Pro yernyng et Chesecloutes emp. pro vaccaria.

1581–2 Inventory in H. Best Rural Econ. in Yorks. (1857) 172 Yerens, oite meell, and onions 13s. 4d.

1597 in S. Ree Rec. Elgin (1908) II. 55 Megot Layng appeirit..in the lyknes of ane be and ȝeid in with a ȝirning and incontinent as he tuk doun the ȝirning and pat it under ane tub scho returned in her awin schaipe agane.

1697 J. Donaldson Husbandry Anatomized (new ed.) 90 The special thing required in making of cheese is to take the milk when it is fresh and new and thicken it..And be sure the thickening or yearning (as it is termed) be also fresh and good.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. App. Earning, or Yearning, a name used in several parts of the kingdom for rennet.

1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 321 Cheslip-skin, the calf's bag, used in making ‘yerning’.

1808 E. Hamilton Cottagers of Glenburnie (ed. 3) ix. 200 Mrs MacClarty then took down a bottle of runnet, or yearning, as she called it.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. at Yearn, Yearnin The yirnin is the maw or stomach of the calf.

1868 R. O. Pringle & A. J. Murray Pract. Farming I. ii. 77 Points to be attended to in the making of cheese... The making of the rennet, or ‘yearning,’ as it is otherwise called.

1883 Aberdeen Weekly Jrnl. 18 Apr. 2/4 (advt.) For sale, 5000 calves' yearnings, in first-class order for use.

1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. Yearnin, rennet, so called from the v[erb]. yearn, to curdle.

1964 Trans. Buchan Field Club 18 82 Gin there's been some onchancy wark, Deid horse or heifers in a park, Just sen' their yirnins in.

1979 J. J. Graham Shetland Dict. at Yirnin Der's somethin wrang wi yun lass. Shö's gyaan wi a face laek steepit yirnin.

Compounds

yearning grass n. British regional (now historical) the butterwort, Pinguicula vulgaris, which has been used as a substitute for rennet. Cf. earning-grass n. at earning n.² Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > aquatic, marsh, and sea-shore plants > [noun] > butterwort

butter-root1597

butterwort1597

Pinguicula1597

Yorkshire sanicle1597

bog violet1713

steep-grass1777

yearning grass1814

steep-wort1886

1814 J. Hodgson in J. Raine Mem. J. Hodgson (1857) I. vii. 148 Yearning-grass is applied to curdle milk for cheese.

1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (at cited word) A plant used in North Tindale to curdle milk for cheese is called yerning grass.

1978 A. Fenton Northern Isles liii. 440 A vegetable alternative [to rennet], known in Shetland, was yirnin' girse, the butterwort, Pinguicula vulgaris, whose leaves were put in the milk to curdle it.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

yearningadj.

Brit.

/ˈjəːnɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈjərnɪŋ/

Forms: see yearn v.¹ and -ing suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: yearn v.¹, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < yearn v.¹ + -ing suffix². In sense 1 after post-classical Latin optativus optative adj.; compare earlier þat yernys at yearn v.¹ 4. Compare earlier yearningly adj.

†1. Grammar. = optative adj. 1. Only in yearning mood. Cf. yearn v.¹ 4. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > mood > [noun] > optative or desiderative

optativec1450

yearning1522

volitive1823

1522 J. Vaus Rudimenta i. sig. bbij Optatiuo modo, yarnand mode.

2. Full of yearning; characterized by or expressive of strong desire or longing; (also) affected or characterized by compassion or strong feeling. Also in extended use: that appears to suggest feelings of yearning.

ΘΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [adjective]

oflongedOE

alonged?a1300

longinga1425

with child1548

yearning1596

wishfula1616

greening1637

tantalized1660

with twins1768

the mind > emotion > compassion > [adjective]

pitifulc1350

pitiablea1475

yearninga1704

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. O His spirites yearning empassionment, and agonizd fiery thirst of reuenge.

1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 53 These yearning cryes, that from the Caridge came.

1652 E. Benlowes Theophila iv. lxxiii. 61 This Devota breaths out yerning Cries.

a1704 T. Brown Dialogue Oxf. Schollars in Wks. (1707) I. i. 12 Some tender hearted Virgin..who with yearning Bowels will offer me her best Assistance.

a1821 J. Keats Hyperion (new ed.) 6 in Misc. Philobiblon Soc. (1856–7) III Appetite, More yearning than on Earth I ever felt.

1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede III. v. xlv. 155 The two pale faces..one with a wild hard despair in it, the other full of sad, yearning love.

1891 W. C. Russell Marriage at Sea I. iv. 103 A full-rigged ship..with yearning canvas and ocean-worn sides.

1905 Methodist Q. Rev. July 491 How typical the position, the fire between the wayward soul and the yearning Christ!

1925 Amer. Mercury Aug. 400/2 This fellow was hardly your yearning lover frustrated; no punchinello; but just a hunky in a steel mill.

2002 Village Voice (N.Y.) 22 Jan. 79/3 The music's yearning Portuguese melodies and speedy, virtuosic runs are not such a stretch for an Israeli schooled in klezmer.

†3. Of a hunting dog: that bays at the sight of game; barking, yelping. Cf. yearn v.¹ 5a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [adjective] > (not) making sound

mute1677

yearning1706

opening1810

1706 Cerealia 190 As the tall stag..quits his lair, And flies the yearning pack which close pursue.

Derivatives

ˈyearningness n.

ΘΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [noun]

ondeeOE

yearningeOE

longingOE

forlonginga1250

mourningc1300

yering13..

eye-seke?c1500

panting1580

greening1584

smackeringa1586

brame1590

languora1599

earning1603

lingering1608

yawning1635

tantalizing1640

slavering1642

longingness1651

tantalization1654

twittering1668

hankering1678

honing1725

lech1796

yearna1797

languishment1817

yearningness1839

hanker1881

tantalizingness1889

yen1906

1839 C. Lofft Ernest i. 26 There would he..With the yearningness Of a babe for its mother's breast, resign himself most freely to the full communion.

a1916 H. James Sense of Past (1917) 304 The ideal thing for dramatic interest..would be that there is just one matter in which..he betrays himself, gives himself away..it should..affect her..with but a finer yearningness of interest.

1992 R. Lloyd in V. Bockris Keith Richards xviii. 193 You hear the yearningness, you hear the honest attempt, but you also hear the flat falling.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

n.¹eOE

n.²1371

adj.1522

单词	yearning
释义	yearningn.¹ Brit. /ˈjəːnɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈjərnɪŋ/ Forms: see yearn v.¹ and -ing suffix¹; also Old English wyrninga (accusative plural, transmission error), Old English wyrnynga (accusative plural, transmission error), late Old English gyrnigge (accusative, perhaps transmission error), late Old English gyrnuunge (accusative, perhaps transmission error). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: yearn v.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < yearn v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.Compare also the Old English prefixed form gegiernung desire, petition, request ( < gegiernan (see yearn v.¹) + -ing suffix¹). 1. a. The action of yearning (for, after, or to do something); strong desire or longing. Also as a count noun: a feeling of strong desire or longing. Formerly also with †of, †to. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [noun] ondeeOE yearningeOE longingOE forlonginga1250 mourningc1300 yering13.. eye-seke?c1500 panting1580 greening1584 smackeringa1586 brame1590 languora1599 earning1603 lingering1608 yawning1635 tantalizing1640 slavering1642 longingness1651 tantalization1654 twittering1668 hankering1678 honing1725 lech1796 yearna1797 languishment1817 yearningness1839 hanker1881 tantalizingness1889 yen1906 society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > personal income or acquired wealth yearningeOE livelihooda1325 livingc1330 thrifta1350 fanging1493 thrive1592 stipend1605 censea1637 revenue1653 private income1725 establishment1726 take1937 eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) v. 45 Monige menn siendon..ðe..beoð onælede mid ðære gierninge [eOE Junius girninge] ðara smeaunga Godes wisdomes anes. OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) xi. 115 Cui terrenae possessionis delectat ambitio : þam eorðlicre æhte gegladað gyrnincg. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 105 Þurch ȝirnunge of heorte. to houenliche þinges. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 91 His þurst nis buten ȝirnunge of ure saule hele. J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) l. 507 A urangwise wilnyng Or yernyng to hafe any kyns gode that us augh noght. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10513 Þi ȝerning gode and þi prayere, Es comyn now to goddes ere. a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 1127 For al þat in world men tel can, Es outher yhernyng of þe flesshe of man, Or yhernyng of eghe,..Or pride of lyfe. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 742 Thai, to fullfill hys ȝarnyng, Become his men euirilkane. 1494 W. Hilton Scala Perfeccionis (de Worde) ii. xxi. sig. kii^v The yernyng of thyn herte to Jhesu. 1593 J. Napier Plaine Discouery Reuelation St. Iohn* ii. xxii. 268 That holy spirit in himself, hath no yearning, nor other passions. 1699 R. Prudom Truth unvail'd by Scripture-light iv. 197 The Soul under the sense of Divine Love, hath..an inward yearning after Holiness. 1754 W. Dodd Sisters II. v. i. 122 I have such a yearning, such an earnest desire to see my child. 1821 Ld. Byron Cain iii. i, in Sardanapalus 413 Such melancholy yearnings o'er the past. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cxiv. 180 Less yearning for the friendship fled. View more context for this quotation 1872 H. P. Liddon Some Elements Relig. i. 24 That Being to Whom the highest yearnings of his inmost self constantly point. 1941 N.Y. Herald Tribune 2 Feb. (This Week section) 12/1 They still possessed a lively spirit of play and a yearning for some sort of physical competition. 1985 M. Parfit South Light (1988) ix. 107 The seal was..looking up from the hole with an expression of soulful yearning. Ellen blamed this on his mateless condition. 2006 Independent 16 May 41/2 The social insecurity of young adulthood, the yearning to make an impact. b. An object of desire; that which is strongly desired or longed for. Frequently with possessive adjective. ΘΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [noun] > object of intense desire yearninga1450 a1450 (?a1349) in H. E. Allen Eng. Writings R. Rolle (1931) 44 (MED) Take til þe al myne entent, þat þow be my ȝhernyng. a1599 R. Rollock Lect. Epist. Paul to Colossians (1603) iv. 44 And there is no faithfull man, but their yearning is to see him with their bodily eye. 1828 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 586/1 He dreams neither of a Mahometan paradise, nor a Christian heaven; his yearning is to melt,—to die,—to sleep,—not to be. 1869 J. B. Mozley Univ. Serm. (1876) ii. 40 The great yearning of prophecy was the total destruction of idolatry. 1940 Life 3 June 94/2 (advt.) The destruction of these links, without which the British Empire dissolves into isolated chunks of peoples and lands, is Hitler's great yearning. 2011 J. Dilevko et al. Contemp. World Fiction v. 184 They are shocked to discover that his greatest yearning is to become Jewish. †2. The baying of a hunting dog at the sight of game; barking, yelping. Also in extended use. Cf. yearn v.¹ 5. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [noun] > sound made by > making sound abayc1330 yearning1531 babbling1568 earning?1578 chiding1600 opening1662 tonguing1851 tolling1869 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xviii. sig. Jvii If they wold vse but a fewe nombre of houndes, onely to harborowe or rouse the game; and by their yorning to gyue knowlege, whiche way it fleeth. 1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxv. 181 When they beginne to baye, (whiche in the earth is called Yearnyng). 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 30 Thee skrich rings mounting, increast is the horror of armoure, From sleepe I broad waked,..And to the shril yerning with tentiue greedines harckned. 1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars ii. lii. 41 Like to a heard of weary hartlesse Deare..Proouing each couert, euery secret place, Yet by the hounds recouered eu'ry where With eager yearning in the sented trace. 1800 S. Edwards Cynographia Brit. at Terrier The yearning of the Dog will direct the digger, who in digging down should place the spade between the Dog and the fox. 3. A feeling of compassion or strong emotion; the state of being moved with compassion or strong emotion. Formerly also: †sorrow, grief (obsolete). Cf. yearn v.¹ 6. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > [noun] > state of being moved by melting1526 yearning1578 1578 M. Tyler tr. D. Ortúñez de Calahorra Mirrour Princely Deedes sig. K.iii Rosicleer feelinge a yerning in hys minde [Sp. mouido a compasion] agaynst so vnlawfull a practise if hir tale were true, hadde hir take hir boate agayne. 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xi. 247 Amongst all other vices, there is none I hate moore, than crueltie... But it is with such an yearning [Fr. mollesse] and faint-hartednes, that if I see but a chickins necke pulld off,..I cannot choose but grieve. 1647 S. Moore (title) The yernings of Christs bowels towards his languishing friends. 1690 J. Norris Christian Blessedness 134 All that inward Feeling and Yerning of the Heart and Soul at a pitiful Object. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. viii. x. 232 If I did not feel some Yearnings towards you from another Consideration, I must be the most ungrateful Monster upon Earth. View more context for this quotation 1786 tr. Horace in J. Parke et al. Lyric Wks. Horace ii. ii. 53 Proculeius' envi'd name, Who, though a brother, yet could prove, the yearning of a parent's love. 1883 Harper's Mag. June 140/1 Women..are divinely gifted with a yearning so truly motherly that [etc.]. 1917 St. Andrew's Cross Dec. 17/2 Surely much of the bitterest agony that Our Lord suffered in that last week was his yearning over Judas, who would not come to him. 1997 Times of India 26 Mar. 15/2 The compassion of God towards those who were enmeshed in sin, and of his yearning over sinners. Compounds † yearning meat n. Obsolete rare the food which a person desires; cf. meat n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food otherwise characterized > [noun] > food yearned for yearning meata1400 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3684 ‘Fader’, he said, ‘sitt vp and ete, I ha broght þi ȝerning mete.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). yearningn.² Brit. /ˈjəːnɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈjərnɪŋ/, Scottish English /ˈjɛrnɪŋ/, /ˈjɛrnɪn/ Forms: Middle English yernyng, 1500s yerens (plural), 1700s–1800s yerning (English regional (northern)), 1700s– yearning, 1800s– yenning (English regional (Yorkshire)), 1900s– yearnin (English regional (Yorkshire)); Scottish pre-1700 ȝirning, pre-1700 1700s– yearning, pre-1700 1900s (Orkney)– yerning, 1800s yearnin', 1800s– yearnin, 1800s– yirnin, 1800s– yirning, 1900s– yerneen (Orkney), 1900s– yernin, 1900s– yirnam (Orkney), 1900s– yirneen (Orkney), 1900s– yirnin'. Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: earning n.² Etymology: Apparently a variant of earning n.², with palatal on-glide (compare e.g. β. forms at earth n.¹). Compare later yearn v.² and earn v.³ Scottish and English regional (chiefly northern). Rennet. Also: the stomach of a calf (or occasionally another animal), as used in the production of rennet. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > rennet cheeselipeOE runningOE yearning1371 congealinga1398 renninga1398 rueninga1398 rundlesa1400 curd?1440 rendles1440 pressure1486 rennet?a1500 ruen1510 runnet1577 rennet bag1611 earning1615 coagulum1658 cheese rennet1671 steep1688 stomach-bag1704 vell1724 1371–3 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 577 Pro yernyng et Chesecloutes emp. pro vaccaria. 1581–2 Inventory in H. Best Rural Econ. in Yorks. (1857) 172 Yerens, oite meell, and onions 13s. 4d. 1597 in S. Ree Rec. Elgin (1908) II. 55 Megot Layng appeirit..in the lyknes of ane be and ȝeid in with a ȝirning and incontinent as he tuk doun the ȝirning and pat it under ane tub scho returned in her awin schaipe agane. 1697 J. Donaldson Husbandry Anatomized (new ed.) 90 The special thing required in making of cheese is to take the milk when it is fresh and new and thicken it..And be sure the thickening or yearning (as it is termed) be also fresh and good. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. App. Earning, or Yearning, a name used in several parts of the kingdom for rennet. 1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 321 Cheslip-skin, the calf's bag, used in making ‘yerning’. 1808 E. Hamilton Cottagers of Glenburnie (ed. 3) ix. 200 Mrs MacClarty then took down a bottle of runnet, or yearning, as she called it. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. at Yearn, Yearnin The yirnin is the maw or stomach of the calf. 1868 R. O. Pringle & A. J. Murray Pract. Farming I. ii. 77 Points to be attended to in the making of cheese... The making of the rennet, or ‘yearning,’ as it is otherwise called. 1883 Aberdeen Weekly Jrnl. 18 Apr. 2/4 (advt.) For sale, 5000 calves' yearnings, in first-class order for use. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. Yearnin, rennet, so called from the v[erb]. yearn, to curdle. 1964 Trans. Buchan Field Club 18 82 Gin there's been some onchancy wark, Deid horse or heifers in a park, Just sen' their yirnins in. 1979 J. J. Graham Shetland Dict. at Yirnin Der's somethin wrang wi yun lass. Shö's gyaan wi a face laek steepit yirnin. Compounds yearning grass n. British regional (now historical) the butterwort, Pinguicula vulgaris, which has been used as a substitute for rennet. Cf. earning-grass n. at earning n.² Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > aquatic, marsh, and sea-shore plants > [noun] > butterwort butter-root1597 butterwort1597 Pinguicula1597 Yorkshire sanicle1597 bog violet1713 steep-grass1777 yearning grass1814 steep-wort1886 1814 J. Hodgson in J. Raine Mem. J. Hodgson (1857) I. vii. 148 Yearning-grass is applied to curdle milk for cheese. 1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (at cited word) A plant used in North Tindale to curdle milk for cheese is called yerning grass. 1978 A. Fenton Northern Isles liii. 440 A vegetable alternative [to rennet], known in Shetland, was yirnin' girse, the butterwort, Pinguicula vulgaris, whose leaves were put in the milk to curdle it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). yearningadj. Brit. /ˈjəːnɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈjərnɪŋ/ Forms: see yearn v.¹ and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: yearn v.¹, -ing suffix². Etymology: < yearn v.¹ + -ing suffix². In sense 1 after post-classical Latin optativus optative adj.; compare earlier þat yernys at yearn v.¹ 4. Compare earlier yearningly adj. †1. Grammar. = optative adj. 1. Only in yearning mood. Cf. yearn v.¹ 4. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > mood > [noun] > optative or desiderative optativec1450 yearning1522 volitive1823 1522 J. Vaus Rudimenta i. sig. bbij Optatiuo modo, yarnand mode. 2. Full of yearning; characterized by or expressive of strong desire or longing; (also) affected or characterized by compassion or strong feeling. Also in extended use: that appears to suggest feelings of yearning. ΘΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [adjective] oflongedOE alonged?a1300 longinga1425 with child1548 yearning1596 wishfula1616 greening1637 tantalized1660 with twins1768 the mind > emotion > compassion > [adjective] pitifulc1350 pitiablea1475 yearninga1704 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. O His spirites yearning empassionment, and agonizd fiery thirst of reuenge. 1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 53 These yearning cryes, that from the Caridge came. 1652 E. Benlowes Theophila iv. lxxiii. 61 This Devota breaths out yerning Cries. a1704 T. Brown Dialogue Oxf. Schollars in Wks. (1707) I. i. 12 Some tender hearted Virgin..who with yearning Bowels will offer me her best Assistance. a1821 J. Keats Hyperion (new ed.) 6 in Misc. Philobiblon Soc. (1856–7) III Appetite, More yearning than on Earth I ever felt. 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede III. v. xlv. 155 The two pale faces..one with a wild hard despair in it, the other full of sad, yearning love. 1891 W. C. Russell Marriage at Sea I. iv. 103 A full-rigged ship..with yearning canvas and ocean-worn sides. 1905 Methodist Q. Rev. July 491 How typical the position, the fire between the wayward soul and the yearning Christ! 1925 Amer. Mercury Aug. 400/2 This fellow was hardly your yearning lover frustrated; no punchinello; but just a hunky in a steel mill. 2002 Village Voice (N.Y.) 22 Jan. 79/3 The music's yearning Portuguese melodies and speedy, virtuosic runs are not such a stretch for an Israeli schooled in klezmer. †3. Of a hunting dog: that bays at the sight of game; barking, yelping. Cf. yearn v.¹ 5a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [adjective] > (not) making sound mute1677 yearning1706 opening1810 1706 Cerealia 190 As the tall stag..quits his lair, And flies the yearning pack which close pursue. Derivatives ˈyearningness n. ΘΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [noun] ondeeOE yearningeOE longingOE forlonginga1250 mourningc1300 yering13.. eye-seke?c1500 panting1580 greening1584 smackeringa1586 brame1590 languora1599 earning1603 lingering1608 yawning1635 tantalizing1640 slavering1642 longingness1651 tantalization1654 twittering1668 hankering1678 honing1725 lech1796 yearna1797 languishment1817 yearningness1839 hanker1881 tantalizingness1889 yen1906 1839 C. Lofft Ernest i. 26 There would he..With the yearningness Of a babe for its mother's breast, resign himself most freely to the full communion. a1916 H. James Sense of Past (1917) 304 The ideal thing for dramatic interest..would be that there is just one matter in which..he betrays himself, gives himself away..it should..affect her..with but a finer yearningness of interest. 1992 R. Lloyd in V. Bockris Keith Richards xviii. 193 You hear the yearningness, you hear the honest attempt, but you also hear the flat falling. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹eOEn.²1371adj.1522
随便看	aniseed drink aniseed flavour aniseed oil aniseed sweet aniseed taste aniseed tree aniseed water aniseed-flavoured aniseed-scented aniseedflavoured aniseeds aniseedscented aniseedy aniseikonia aniseikonias aniseikonic aniselike anises anisette anisettes anishinaabe anisic anisidine anisine aniso

yearningn.1

Compounds

yearningn.2

Compounds

yearningadj.

Derivatives

yearningn.¹

yearningn.²