write-inadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈrʌɪtɪn/, U.S.

/ˈraɪdˌɪn/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: write v., in adv.

Etymology: < write v. + in adv. Compare to write in at write v. Phrasal verbs.

A. adj.

1. Originally and chiefly U.S. Designating a vote cast for an unlisted candidate in an election by writing their name on a ballot; designating a candidate voted for in this way. Also: of, for, or relating to such a vote, this method of voting, or a candidate voted for in this way. Cf. sticker n.² Compounds 1.

ΚΠ

1914 Fresno (Calif.) Republican 18 Sept. 2/1 The following is a list of the ‘write-in’ vote given the governor.

1914 Woodland (Calif.) Daily Democrat 23 Nov. 1/1 D. F. Houx, an eleventh-hour write-in candidate.

1932 Sun (Baltimore) 23 Aug. 2/2 (heading) Smith's office denies all knowledge of write-in cards being circulated.

1948 Philadelphia Inquirer 29 Apr. 1/6 Jubilant supporters of Harold E. Stassen today hailed his unexpectedly strong write-in showing in the Pennsylvania preferential primary.

1964 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 10 Mar. (1970) 84 There was a creditable number of write-in votes for Attorney General Kennedy for Vice President.

1990 G. Will Suddenly iii. xxxvii. 223 Edward ‘Fast Eddie’ Vrdolyak..is mounting a write-in campaign for the Republican nomination.

2020 Deseret Morning News (Salt Lake City) (Nexis) 30 Aug. The deadline to declare as a write-in candidate is Monday.

2. Designating an organized protest or campaign in which participants write and send letters of complaint, in support of a cause, etc. Cf. phone-in n.

1942 N.Y. Herald Tribune 21 Mar. 1/4 [The committee] has started an inquiry into labor phases of the war program as a result of the public's ‘write-in’ campaign on Congress,..protesting the forty-hour week and strikes in war industries.

1981 D. Marsh & E. J. Chambers Abortion Politics i. 27 Both organizations lobbied in Parliament and both organized meetings and write-in campaigns in the constituencies.

1984 Times 10 Nov. 1/4 There has been a ‘strong response’ to a direct-mail campaign asking pitmen to complete a write-in slip.

2013 Wall St. Jrnl. 20 Feb. a13/5 As for old-style write-in campaigns, they can be hijacked by ‘astroturf’—phony grass-roots movements.

3. Designating a response to a question in a survey, questionnaire, etc., which the responder supplies in writing rather than choosing from a range of supplied or suggested answers. Also: designating a space intended for written responses or comments in a survey, questionnaire, etc.

1945 SAE Jrnl. (Soc. Automotive Engineers) Sept. 506/2 ‘Write-in’ answers..revealed that safety considerations stood out as the major factor of concern among Pacific Coast motorists.

1954 C. Priest Appraisal Factors affecting Productivity Employees Naval Ordnance Plant (M.Sc. Thesis, Purdue Univ.) 81 A write-in space for comments was provided on this question.

1981 E. C. Laucks Meaning of Children vi. 153 Respondents' reasons for wanting or having children were also strongly egotistic. The write-in reasons showered considerable variation on this theme.

2021 National (Abu Dhabi) (Nexis) 2 Mar. The England and Wales 2011 Census showed a total of 366,769 people ticked the ‘Arab’ box or provided a write-in response.

4. Designating a television or radio programme (or a segment of one) in which viewers or listeners to write and send letters expressing their views, sharing their experiences, asking questions, etc., to be read out on air.

ΚΠ

1953 J. A. Beegle in C. P. Loomis et al. Rural Social Syst. & Adult Educ. xiii. 316 Program directors of radio stations suggest town-meeting-of-the-air-type programs and local write-in programs as the most effective in promoting the three fields [sc. in which adult education is being promoted].

1971 Washington Post 31 Oct. (TV Channels suppl.) 19/1 Wall Street Week. This ‘financial primer’ series for investors features a viewer write-in segment.

1991 Daily Tel. 26 Nov. 12/5 Any Answers? became a phone-in (as opposed to a write-in) programme a few years back.

2007 R. L. Román Governing Spirits v. 149 He explained that his was to be a write-in show in which he would improvise replies to queries about love and current events.

B. n.

1. Originally and chiefly U.S.

a. A vote in an election cast by writing the name of an unlisted candidate on the ballot; an act or organized campaign of voting in this way.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes > ballot-paper > name written in

write-in1916

1916 Woodland (Calif.) Daily Democrat 20 Mar. 1/2 Curry received 23 Democratic write-ins.

1937 Sun (Baltimore) 18 Sept. 10/3 The really significant item in the returns from New York..is the extraordinary number of ‘write-ins’ for Mayor La Guardia on Democratic ballots.

1950 Chicago Tribune 2 Apr. 40/1 Such an attempted write-in for any candidate might result in many spoiled ballots.

1966 Asbury Park (New Jersey) Evening News 9 Nov. 29/6 Arnall supporters organized a write-in because they considered both Maddox and Calloway..too far too the right.

2016 N.Y. Times 3 Nov. a27/5 Neither Arizona nor Ohio counts write-ins for people who haven't registered as candidates.

b. An unlisted candidate in an election for whom votes are cast by writing their name on the ballot; a write-in candidate.

ΚΠ

1932 Los Angeles Times 2 Oct. 4/4 United States Senator. Socialist: George R. Kirkpatrick ‘write in’ 417; Robert P. Shuler ‘write in’ 677.

1945 Plainfield (New Jersey) Courier-News 7 Nov. 10/3 Russell Whitman received 2 votes as a write-in for Justice of the Peace.

1982 Daily Tel. 13 Aug. 2/1 Three other spaces will be left for ‘write-ins’.

2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 10 Sept. a16/3 She now appears likely to run as a write-in.

2. An answer to a question in a survey, questionnaire, etc., which the responder supplies in writing rather than choosing from a range of supplied or suggested answers.

1945 SAE Jrnl. (Soc. Automotive Engineers) Sept. 506/1 Many of the most constructive ideas received during this extended sampling of opinion were found in the ‘write-ins’ at the end of the questionnaire form.

1954 P. A. Knowlton Profit-sharing Patterns iii. 62/1 How about the motives that were ‘write-ins’ on the returned questionnaires, i.e. those that were not merely checked by way of acquiescence in suggestions?

1989 City Mag (Tucson, Arizona) Mar. 47/3 Though trapping was not on the printed list, so many people wrote it in that the newsletter said: ‘Far and away, the most popular write-in was Stop trapping’.

2020 Chron. of Philanthropy (Nexis) 18 June One of the common concerns expressed in the survey write-ins and through focus groups was that diversity, equity, and inclusion collectively have become a check box for organizations.

3. A feature in which a radio or television programme, newspaper, etc., invites people to send in letters sharing their experiences, questions, or opinions (typically on a given subject); a radio or television programme (or a segment of one) featuring such letters; a section in a newspaper in which readers’ letters are printed.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > broadcasting > radio broadcasting > [noun] > types of programme

radio show1921

children's hour1923

series1923

scrap-book1933

postscript1940

write-in1947

radiothon1953

society > communication > journalism > journal > parts and layout of journals > [noun] > other sections or columns

Poets' Corner1733

situations wanted1809

situations vacant1819

feuilleton1845

roman feuilleton1845

home page1860

personal1860

society page1883

City page1893

women's page1893

book page1898

ear1901

film guide1918

op-ed1931

masthead1934

magazine section1941

write-in1947

listings1971

1947 Variety 2 July 24/1 [The show] will also have a new switch in being localized occasionally, with..room being left for a write-in on the show.

1981 Church Times 7 Aug. 16/5 In 1978, when the BBC's Sunday programme ran a write-in on the subject of a Graham mission, 15,000 listeners replied.

2020 @aprotim 25 July in twitter.com (accessed 30 Mar. 2021) Somebody fact checked a Daily Mail write-in about readers' least favorite ways Americans have ruined English.

4. An organized protest or campaign in which participants write and send letters of complaint, in support of a cause, etc. Cf. phone-in n.

ΘΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > [noun] > involving letters or documents

round robin1698

write-in1967

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > demonstration > types of demonstration or protest

counterprotest1595

student demonstration1856

lie-in1867

rent strike1881

hunger strike1889

march1908

protest march1914

occupation1920

lie-down1936

sit-down1936

sit-in1936

freedom march1947

vigil1956

freedom walk1957

swim-in1960

freedom ride1961

sitting in1961

sleep-out1961

fish-in1964

live-in1964

stall-in1964

sleep-in1965

Long March1967

love-in1967

talk-in1967

write-in1967

die-in1970

dirty protest1979

blanket protest1982

1967 Boston Globe 30 May 16/7 A large bloc of East Asian specialists at Harvard launched a write-in to protest the Vietnam war Monday.

1992 R. Condon Venerable Bead xlviii. 251 She organized write-ins by the schoolchildren of America to Congress, the White House, and General Schwarzkopf, letters from the littlest Americans pleasing with their leaders to protect the Khalkha tribesmen.

2012 startrek11.blogspot.com 19 July (blog, accessed 12 May 2021) The space shuttle Enterprise..was named in 1976 after a write-in by Star Trek fans.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

单词	write-in
释义	write-inadj.n. Brit. /ˈrʌɪtɪn/, U.S. /ˈraɪdˌɪn/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: write v., in adv. Etymology: < write v. + in adv. Compare to write in at write v. Phrasal verbs. A. adj. 1. Originally and chiefly U.S. Designating a vote cast for an unlisted candidate in an election by writing their name on a ballot; designating a candidate voted for in this way. Also: of, for, or relating to such a vote, this method of voting, or a candidate voted for in this way. Cf. sticker n.² Compounds 1. ΚΠ 1914 Fresno (Calif.) Republican 18 Sept. 2/1 The following is a list of the ‘write-in’ vote given the governor. 1914 Woodland (Calif.) Daily Democrat 23 Nov. 1/1 D. F. Houx, an eleventh-hour write-in candidate. 1932 Sun (Baltimore) 23 Aug. 2/2 (heading) Smith's office denies all knowledge of write-in cards being circulated. 1948 Philadelphia Inquirer 29 Apr. 1/6 Jubilant supporters of Harold E. Stassen today hailed his unexpectedly strong write-in showing in the Pennsylvania preferential primary. 1964 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 10 Mar. (1970) 84 There was a creditable number of write-in votes for Attorney General Kennedy for Vice President. 1990 G. Will Suddenly iii. xxxvii. 223 Edward ‘Fast Eddie’ Vrdolyak..is mounting a write-in campaign for the Republican nomination. 2020 Deseret Morning News (Salt Lake City) (Nexis) 30 Aug. The deadline to declare as a write-in candidate is Monday. 2. Designating an organized protest or campaign in which participants write and send letters of complaint, in support of a cause, etc. Cf. phone-in n. Π 1942 N.Y. Herald Tribune 21 Mar. 1/4 [The committee] has started an inquiry into labor phases of the war program as a result of the public's ‘write-in’ campaign on Congress,..protesting the forty-hour week and strikes in war industries. 1981 D. Marsh & E. J. Chambers Abortion Politics i. 27 Both organizations lobbied in Parliament and both organized meetings and write-in campaigns in the constituencies. 1984 Times 10 Nov. 1/4 There has been a ‘strong response’ to a direct-mail campaign asking pitmen to complete a write-in slip. 2013 Wall St. Jrnl. 20 Feb. a13/5 As for old-style write-in campaigns, they can be hijacked by ‘astroturf’—phony grass-roots movements. 3. Designating a response to a question in a survey, questionnaire, etc., which the responder supplies in writing rather than choosing from a range of supplied or suggested answers. Also: designating a space intended for written responses or comments in a survey, questionnaire, etc. Π 1945 SAE Jrnl. (Soc. Automotive Engineers) Sept. 506/2 ‘Write-in’ answers..revealed that safety considerations stood out as the major factor of concern among Pacific Coast motorists. 1954 C. Priest Appraisal Factors affecting Productivity Employees Naval Ordnance Plant (M.Sc. Thesis, Purdue Univ.) 81 A write-in space for comments was provided on this question. 1981 E. C. Laucks Meaning of Children vi. 153 Respondents' reasons for wanting or having children were also strongly egotistic. The write-in reasons showered considerable variation on this theme. 2021 National (Abu Dhabi) (Nexis) 2 Mar. The England and Wales 2011 Census showed a total of 366,769 people ticked the ‘Arab’ box or provided a write-in response. 4. Designating a television or radio programme (or a segment of one) in which viewers or listeners to write and send letters expressing their views, sharing their experiences, asking questions, etc., to be read out on air. ΚΠ 1953 J. A. Beegle in C. P. Loomis et al. Rural Social Syst. & Adult Educ. xiii. 316 Program directors of radio stations suggest town-meeting-of-the-air-type programs and local write-in programs as the most effective in promoting the three fields [sc. in which adult education is being promoted]. 1971 Washington Post 31 Oct. (TV Channels suppl.) 19/1 Wall Street Week. This ‘financial primer’ series for investors features a viewer write-in segment. 1991 Daily Tel. 26 Nov. 12/5 Any Answers? became a phone-in (as opposed to a write-in) programme a few years back. 2007 R. L. Román Governing Spirits v. 149 He explained that his was to be a write-in show in which he would improvise replies to queries about love and current events. B. n. 1. Originally and chiefly U.S. a. A vote in an election cast by writing the name of an unlisted candidate on the ballot; an act or organized campaign of voting in this way. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes > ballot-paper > name written in write-in1916 1916 Woodland (Calif.) Daily Democrat 20 Mar. 1/2 Curry received 23 Democratic write-ins. 1937 Sun (Baltimore) 18 Sept. 10/3 The really significant item in the returns from New York..is the extraordinary number of ‘write-ins’ for Mayor La Guardia on Democratic ballots. 1950 Chicago Tribune 2 Apr. 40/1 Such an attempted write-in for any candidate might result in many spoiled ballots. 1966 Asbury Park (New Jersey) Evening News 9 Nov. 29/6 Arnall supporters organized a write-in because they considered both Maddox and Calloway..too far too the right. 2016 N.Y. Times 3 Nov. a27/5 Neither Arizona nor Ohio counts write-ins for people who haven't registered as candidates. b. An unlisted candidate in an election for whom votes are cast by writing their name on the ballot; a write-in candidate. ΚΠ 1932 Los Angeles Times 2 Oct. 4/4 United States Senator. Socialist: George R. Kirkpatrick ‘write in’ 417; Robert P. Shuler ‘write in’ 677. 1945 Plainfield (New Jersey) Courier-News 7 Nov. 10/3 Russell Whitman received 2 votes as a write-in for Justice of the Peace. 1982 Daily Tel. 13 Aug. 2/1 Three other spaces will be left for ‘write-ins’. 2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 10 Sept. a16/3 She now appears likely to run as a write-in. 2. An answer to a question in a survey, questionnaire, etc., which the responder supplies in writing rather than choosing from a range of supplied or suggested answers. Π 1945 SAE Jrnl. (Soc. Automotive Engineers) Sept. 506/1 Many of the most constructive ideas received during this extended sampling of opinion were found in the ‘write-ins’ at the end of the questionnaire form. 1954 P. A. Knowlton Profit-sharing Patterns iii. 62/1 How about the motives that were ‘write-ins’ on the returned questionnaires, i.e. those that were not merely checked by way of acquiescence in suggestions? 1989 City Mag (Tucson, Arizona) Mar. 47/3 Though trapping was not on the printed list, so many people wrote it in that the newsletter said: ‘Far and away, the most popular write-in was Stop trapping’. 2020 Chron. of Philanthropy (Nexis) 18 June One of the common concerns expressed in the survey write-ins and through focus groups was that diversity, equity, and inclusion collectively have become a check box for organizations. 3. A feature in which a radio or television programme, newspaper, etc., invites people to send in letters sharing their experiences, questions, or opinions (typically on a given subject); a radio or television programme (or a segment of one) featuring such letters; a section in a newspaper in which readers’ letters are printed. ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > radio broadcasting > [noun] > types of programme radio show1921 children's hour1923 series1923 scrap-book1933 postscript1940 write-in1947 radiothon1953 society > communication > journalism > journal > parts and layout of journals > [noun] > other sections or columns Poets' Corner1733 situations wanted1809 situations vacant1819 feuilleton1845 roman feuilleton1845 home page1860 personal1860 society page1883 City page1893 women's page1893 book page1898 ear1901 film guide1918 op-ed1931 masthead1934 magazine section1941 write-in1947 listings1971 1947 Variety 2 July 24/1 [The show] will also have a new switch in being localized occasionally, with..room being left for a write-in on the show. 1981 Church Times 7 Aug. 16/5 In 1978, when the BBC's Sunday programme ran a write-in on the subject of a Graham mission, 15,000 listeners replied. 2020 @aprotim 25 July in twitter.com (accessed 30 Mar. 2021) Somebody fact checked a Daily Mail write-in about readers' least favorite ways Americans have ruined English. 4. An organized protest or campaign in which participants write and send letters of complaint, in support of a cause, etc. Cf. phone-in n. ΘΠ the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > [noun] > involving letters or documents round robin1698 write-in1967 society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > demonstration > types of demonstration or protest counterprotest1595 student demonstration1856 lie-in1867 rent strike1881 hunger strike1889 march1908 protest march1914 occupation1920 lie-down1936 sit-down1936 sit-in1936 freedom march1947 vigil1956 freedom walk1957 swim-in1960 freedom ride1961 sitting in1961 sleep-out1961 fish-in1964 live-in1964 stall-in1964 sleep-in1965 Long March1967 love-in1967 talk-in1967 write-in1967 die-in1970 dirty protest1979 blanket protest1982 1967 Boston Globe 30 May 16/7 A large bloc of East Asian specialists at Harvard launched a write-in to protest the Vietnam war Monday. 1992 R. Condon Venerable Bead xlviii. 251 She organized write-ins by the schoolchildren of America to Congress, the White House, and General Schwarzkopf, letters from the littlest Americans pleasing with their leaders to protect the Khalkha tribesmen. 2012 startrek11.blogspot.com 19 July (blog, accessed 12 May 2021) The space shuttle Enterprise..was named in 1976 after a write-in by Star Trek fans. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < adj.n.1914
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