xero-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

before a vowel xer-, representing Greek ξηρο-, ξηρ-, combining form of ξηρός dry, occurring in several scientific and technical terms.

xeroderma n.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈdəːmə/

U.S.

/ˌzɪrəˈdərmə/

/ˌzirəˈdərmə/

one of several diseases characterized by excessive dryness of the skin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > excessive dryness

parchment skinc1390

xeroderma1848

xerodermia1891

1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 909/1 Xeroderma, diminution of secretion of the sebaceous glands.

1864 W. T. Fox Skin Dis. viii. 222 True xeroderma is in reality the early stage of ichthyosis, a true epithelial disease.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 786 [Lichen pilaris] is only a part of a general xeroderma.

xerodermia n.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈdəːmɪə/

U.S.

/ˌzɪrəˈdərmiə/

/ˌzirəˈdərmiə/

[modern Latin, < Greek δέρμα skin] Pathology = xeroderma n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > excessive dryness

parchment skinc1390

xeroderma1848

xerodermia1891

1891 Cent. Dict. Xerodermia, same as Xeroderma.

1899 T. C. Allbutt Syst. Med. VIII. 661 To the milder forms [of ichthyosis] the names xerodermia and xerosis are frequently..applied.

xerodermatic adj.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)dəˈmatɪk/

U.S.

/ˌzɪroʊdərˈmædɪk/

/ˌziroʊdərˈmædɪk/

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [adjective] > excessive dryness

arid1704

parchment-skinned1834

xerodermic1890

parchmented1893

xerodermatous1899

xerodermatic1913

1913 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 7) 1063/2 Xerodermatic.

xerodermatous adj.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈdəːmətəs/

U.S.

/ˌzɪrəˈdərmədəs/

/ˌzɪroʊˈdərmədəs/

/ˌzirəˈdərmədəs/

/ˌziroʊˈdərmədəs/

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [adjective] > excessive dryness

arid1704

parchment-skinned1834

xerodermic1890

parchmented1893

xerodermatous1899

xerodermatic1913

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 851 The skin is dry and thin but not xerodermatous.

xerodermic adj.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈdəːmɪk/

U.S.

/ˌzɪrəˈdərmɪk/

/ˌzɪroʊˈdərmɪk/

/ˌzirəˈdərmɪk/

/ˌziroʊˈdərmɪk/

pertaining to or characteristic of xeroderma.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [adjective] > excessive dryness

arid1704

parchment-skinned1834

xerodermic1890

parchmented1893

xerodermatous1899

xerodermatic1913

1890 Retrospect Med. 102 92 Minute white, gray, or red scaly xerodermic prominences, having a hair in the centre.

xeroderma pigmentosum n.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)dəːmə pɪɡm(ə)nˈtəʊs(ə)m/

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)dəːmə pɪɡmɛnˈtəʊs(ə)m/

/zɪərə(ʊ)ˌdəːmə pɪɡm(ə)nˈtəʊs(ə)m/

/zɪərə(ʊ)ˌdəːmə pɪɡmɛnˈtəʊs(ə)m/

U.S.

/ˌzɪroʊˌdərmə ˌpɪɡmənˈtoʊsəm/

/ˌzɪrəˌdərmə ˌpɪɡmənˈtoʊsəm/

/ˌziroʊˌdərmə ˌpɪɡmənˈtoʊsəm/

/ˌzirəˌdərmə ˌpɪɡmənˈtoʊsəm/

[Latin pigmentōsus pigmented] Pathology a rare, hereditary disorder in which skin exposed to the ultraviolet light of the sun becomes discoloured and swollen, chronic injury leading in childhood to cancer and often death.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > disordered pigmentation

melasma1563

orange skin1822

melanopathia1847

xanthosis1853

xanthelasma1867

xanthochroia1867

xanthoderma1867

xanthopathia1867

xanthoma1869

argyria1874

chloasma1877

leucoderma1884

xeroderma pigmentosum1884

hyperchromatosis1886

melanodermia1886

leucodermia1888

hyperchromasia1889

hyperpigmentation1890

hypochromia1890

xanthochromia1894

xanthodermia1900

melanization1927

1884 Medico-Chir. Trans. LXVII. 169 (heading) Three cases of xeroderma pigmentosum, Kaposi or atrophoderma pigmentosum.

1952 C. P. Blacker Eugenics: Galton & After 248 Among these genes are those believed to determine retinitis pigmentosa, a severe disease of the eye leading to blindness; epidermolysis bullosa and xeroderma pigmentosum, both diseases of the skin.

1975 Sci. Amer. Nov. 68/2 An inherited defect in the enzymes that repair DNA damaged by ultraviolet light, called xeroderma pigmentosum, leads to multiple skin cancers.

xeroform n.

Brit.

/ˈzɪərə(ʊ)fɔːm/

U.S.

/ˈzɪrəˌfɔrm/

/ˈzirəˌfɔrm/

[after chloroform] Medicine see quot.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antiseptic > [noun] > specific

naphthalene1821

carbolic acid1835

creosote1835

Sanitas1878

chlorocresol1886

salol1887

Listerine1889

salufer1894

Airol1895

fluorol1895

thymoform1899

xeroform1901

triformol1907

thymoloform1911

hexamine1914

Eusol1915

flavine1917

proflavine1917

Dakin1920

naphtha1920

methenamine1926

T.C.P.1934

Zephiran1935

leptazol1946

cetrimide1948

nalidixic acid1962

clioquinol1967

crystal violet1996

1901 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 2) 765/1 Xeroform, a yellow neutral powder derived from tribromphenol and bismuth, (C₆H₂Br₃O)₂ BiOH + Bi₂O₃: useful in the treatment of wounds, abscesses, etc., and as an intestinal antiseptic.

xeromorphy n.

Brit.

/ˈzɪərə(ʊ)mɔːfi/

U.S.

/ˈzɪrəˌmɔrfi/

/ˈzirəˌmɔrfi/

[-morphy comb. form] Botany the possession by a plant of features characteristic of a xerophilous plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat > condition of flourishing in dryness

xerophily1878

xerophytism1900

sclerophylly1903

xeromorphy1909

1909 E. Warming et al. Oecol. Plants xlvi. 194 This xeromorphy of plants growing on wet moor-soil occurs all the world over.

1963 Nature 30 Nov. 909/2 It is well known that xeromorphy is of physiological importance to the aquatic plants which exhibit it and certain tissues become altered in relation to environment.

1980 Bot. Jrnl. Linn. Soc. 80 319 Most of the variable characters are related to xeromorphy and are taxonomically useful within the framework of the present classification.

xeromorphic adj.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈmɔːfɪk/

U.S.

/ˌzɪrəˈmɔrfɪk/

/ˌzirəˈmɔrfɪk/

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture

fenny1543

plashy1822

inundatal1847

paludal1847

hygrophilous1863

uliginal1863

xerophilous1863

uliginose1866

xerophil1884

ombrophilous1895

ombrophobic1895

ombrophobous1895

xerophytic1897

sclerophyllous1903

xeromorphic1909

hydrarch1913

xerarch1913

ombrophile1924

sclerophyll1926

hygrophytic1936

xerophilic1961

1909 E. Warming et al. Oecol. Plants xlvi. 194 There must be a causal connexion between the soil and the xeromorphic structure which has been described.

1938 J. E. Weaver & F. E. Clements Plant Ecol. (ed. 2) xvi. 445 Xeromorphic structures such as thick cuticle, waxy covering, or abundant development of hairs have little value in directly reducing the rate of transpiration of xerophytes so long as the stomata are open.

1974 Nature 26 Apr. 807/2 The Hybanthus shrubs conspicuous by their apparent lack of xeromorphic adaptation to a climate which becomes increasingly arid towards the continental interior.

xeromorph n.

Brit.

/ˈzɪərə(ʊ)mɔːf/

U.S.

/ˈzɪrəˌmɔrf/

/ˈzirəˌmɔrf/

a xeromorphic plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat

xerophil1884

xerophyte1897

sclerophyll1911

phreatophyte1920

xerosere1926

xeromorph1934

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Xeromorph.

1953 Sci. News 27 10 The term ‘xerophyte’ is now limited to those plants able to endure conditions of drought, while salt-marsh plants are known as ‘xeromorphs’.

1981 Austral. Jrnl. Bot. 29 518 G[revillea] annulifera has the nutritional characteristics common to xeromorphs plus strategies to channel nutrients very efficiently to its seeds.

xerophilic adj.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈfɪlɪk/

U.S.

/ˌzɪrəˈfɪlɪk/

/ˌzirəˈfɪlɪk/

= xerophilous adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture

fenny1543

plashy1822

inundatal1847

paludal1847

hygrophilous1863

uliginal1863

xerophilous1863

uliginose1866

xerophil1884

ombrophilous1895

ombrophobic1895

ombrophobous1895

xerophytic1897

sclerophyllous1903

xeromorphic1909

hydrarch1913

xerarch1913

ombrophile1924

sclerophyll1926

hygrophytic1936

xerophilic1961

1961 Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Xerophilic.

1965 B. E. Freeman tr. A. Vandel Biospeleol. xiii. 213 The Tenebrionidae are mainly xerophilic insects.

1972 Science 19 May 788/1 He is equally good when describing various kinds of vegetation, from the aquatic to the xerophilic.

xerophilous adj.

Brit.

/zᵻˈrɒfᵻləs/

U.S.

/zᵻˈrɑfələs/

[Greek -ϕιλος -loving] Botany and Zoology adapted to a dry climate or habitat, or to conditions of scanty available moisture.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture

fenny1543

plashy1822

inundatal1847

paludal1847

hygrophilous1863

uliginal1863

xerophilous1863

uliginose1866

xerophil1884

ombrophilous1895

ombrophobic1895

ombrophobous1895

xerophytic1897

sclerophyllous1903

xeromorphic1909

hydrarch1913

xerarch1913

ombrophile1924

sclerophyll1926

hygrophytic1936

xerophilic1961

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [adjective]

fieldya1382

waterya1382

agrestial1608

subterranean1638

lucifugous1654

nemoral1656

subcutaneous1664

subterraneous1832

subtidal1852

xylophilous1862

xerophilous1863

acid-loving1870

aerobic1878

aerobian1879

aerobious1879

aerobiotic1880

subaquatic1880

aerophilous1885

facultative1887

pelagic1887

aerophile1888

autotrophic1893

heterotrophic1893

plastic1893

thermophilic1894

thermophil1896

mesophilic1897

halolimnic1898

polybathic1898

tolerant1898

limnetic1899

thermophilous1899

metatrophic1900

mixotrophic1900

paratrophic1900

mesophilous1901

benthic1902

epibenthic1902

eurybathic1902

microaerophilic1903

sympatric1904

benthoal1905

cryophile1907

benthonic1909

microaerophile1909

lenitic1916

lotic1916

psychrotolerant1924

oligosaprobic1925

polysaprobic1925

aerophilic1929

saprobic1932

primary1934

lentic1935

chemoautotrophic1936

eurytopic1937

psammic1938

saprotrophic1942

prototrophic1946

chemolithoautotrophic1949

auxotrophic1950

chemolithotrophic1953

chemoorganotrophic1953

opportunist1956

psychrophile1956

psychrophilic1958

opportunistic1960

psychrotrophic1960

oligosaprobe1990

1863 J. G. Baker N. Yorks. Stud. xxii. 316 The Xerophilous and Maritime species [of mosses] are very few in number.

1893 Athenæum 2 Dec. 774/3 A paper..by the Rev. G. Henslow ‘On the Origin of Plant Structures by Self-adaptation to the Environment, exemplified by Desert and Xerophilous Plants.’

1968 Jrnl. Zool. 155 365 Many xerophilous species occupying desert or semi-arid areas have adapted their breeding physiology to take advantage of the unpredictable and sporadic rainfall that may occur at any time.

xerophil n. and adj.

Brit.

/ˈzɪərə(ʊ)fɪl/

U.S.

/ˈzɪrəˌfɪl/

/ˈzirəˌfɪl/

(also xerophile) [ < French xérophile, noun (J. Thurmann in Essai de phytostatique (1849) I. xiii. 268)] a xerophilous plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat

xerophil1884

xerophyte1897

sclerophyll1911

phreatophyte1920

xerosere1926

xeromorph1934

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture

fenny1543

plashy1822

inundatal1847

paludal1847

hygrophilous1863

uliginal1863

xerophilous1863

uliginose1866

xerophil1884

ombrophilous1895

ombrophobic1895

ombrophobous1895

xerophytic1897

sclerophyllous1903

xeromorphic1909

hydrarch1913

xerarch1913

ombrophile1924

sclerophyll1926

hygrophytic1936

xerophilic1961

1884 Trans. Victoria Inst. 38 Xerophiles—plants such as pertain to very dry climates.

1921 H. Printz Vegetation of Siberian-Mongolian Frontiers 14 At a short distance from the river..the xerophile typical steppe vegetation predominates.

1936 Hereditas XXI. 290 Viola crassa is xerophile and alpine.

1985 Times 4 Jan. 12/2 The site was then abandoned, a conclusion that Dr Evans bases on the high diversity of snail species and the general paucity of xerophile species.

xerophile n. and adj.

Brit.

/ˈzɪərə(ʊ)fʌɪl/

U.S.

/ˈzɪrəˌfaɪl/

/ˈzirəˌfaɪl/

(also attributive).

1926 Nat. Hist. Oxf. Distr. 305 Both xerophile and damp-loving species flourish, the former mainly on the high ground..the latter in hedgerows and woods.

xerophily n.

Brit.

/zᵻˈrɒfᵻli/

/zᵻˈrɒfl̩i/

U.S.

/zᵻˈrɑfəli/

the condition or character of being xerophilous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat > condition of flourishing in dryness

xerophily1878

xerophytism1900

sclerophylly1903

xeromorphy1909

1878 A. Henfrey Elem. Bot. (ed. 3) iv. i. 661 Plants are divided into Xerophiles, or those capable of existing in very dry climates; Hygrophiles, or those which can only exist in the presence of abundant moisture.

1904 Science 3 June 866/2 The causes of xerophily in bog plants.

xerophyte n.

Brit.

/ˈzɪərə(ʊ)fʌɪt/

U.S.

/ˈzɪrəˌfaɪt/

/ˈzirəˌfaɪt/

[Greek ϕυτόν plant] Botany a xerophilous plant (see above).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat

xerophil1884

xerophyte1897

sclerophyll1911

phreatophyte1920

xerosere1926

xeromorph1934

1897 J. C. Willis Man. Flowering Plants I. 178 In countries with long dry seasons [etc.].., the plants..agree in having a lower rate of transpiration than plants living where there is plenty of available water. Plants of this kind are termed xerophytes.

1906 G. Henslow in 19th Cent. Nov. 801 E[uphoriba] Paralias is a xerophyte with coriaceous leaves, because it has adapted itself to a maritime situation in England.

xerophytic adj.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈfɪtɪk/

U.S.

/ˌzɪrəˈfɪdɪk/

/ˌzirəˈfɪdɪk/

pertaining to or having the character of a xerophyte, xerophilous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture

fenny1543

plashy1822

inundatal1847

paludal1847

hygrophilous1863

uliginal1863

xerophilous1863

uliginose1866

xerophil1884

ombrophilous1895

ombrophobic1895

ombrophobous1895

xerophytic1897

sclerophyllous1903

xeromorphic1909

hydrarch1913

xerarch1913

ombrophile1924

sclerophyll1926

hygrophytic1936

xerophilic1961

1897 J. C. Willis Man. Flowering Plants I. 185 No plants..can be regular epiphytes unless they possess well-marked xerophytic characters, including as a rule the capacity for water~storage.

1900 Nature 13 Dec. 150/1 Every one is aware how extremely intolerant of moisture are the cacti and some other xerophytic plants.

xerophytically adv.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈfɪtᵻkli/

U.S.

/ˌzɪrəˈfɪdᵻk(ə)li/

/ˌzirəˈfɪdᵻk(ə)li/

in the manner of a xerophyte.

1911 F. O. Bower Plant Life on Land 134 Xerophytically adapted, that is, that they shall be able to stand sudden conditions of extreme heat and drought.

xerophytism n.

Brit.

/zᵻˈrɒfᵻtɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/zᵻˈrɑfəˌtɪz(ə)m/

xerophytic character, xerophily.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat > condition of flourishing in dryness

xerophily1878

xerophytism1900

sclerophylly1903

xeromorphy1909

1900 Nature 15 Nov. 53/2 The stomatal grooves on the lower surface of the leaf [of Lepidodendron] suggest a xerophytic adaptation. Indications of xerophytism are afforded by other anatomical characters in certain Palæozoic types.

xerosere n.

Brit.

/ˈzɪərə(ʊ)sɪə/

U.S.

/ˈzɪrəˌsɪ(ə)r/

/ˈzirəˌsɪ(ə)r/

[sere n.²] Ecology a plant succession having its origin in a dry habitat.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat

xerophil1884

xerophyte1897

sclerophyll1911

phreatophyte1920

xerosere1926

xeromorph1934

1926 A. G. Tansley & T. F. Chipp Aims & Methods Study Vegetation ii. 19 The earlier stages of a prisere are altogether different, according to whether the succession begins on a wet or a dry habitat... Such successions may be conveniently called hydroseres and xeroseres respectively.

1952 P. W. Richards Trop. Rain Forest xii. 287 Opportunities for observing xeroseres in the tropics are..not infrequent, particularly in regions of volcanic activity.

xerostomia n.

Brit.

/zɪərəʊˈstəʊmɪə/

U.S.

/ˌzɪroʊˈstoʊmiə/

/ˌziroʊˈstoʊmiə/

[modern Latin, < Greek στόμα mouth] Pathology dryness of the mouth from insufficient secretion of saliva.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of mouth > [noun] > dryness

hot coppers1848

xerostomia1890

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Xerostomia, dryness of the mouth.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 310 The salivary and buccal secretions may be totally arrested as in cases of xerostomia.

xerothermic adj.

Brit.

/ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈθəːmɪk/

U.S.

/ˌzɪroʊˈθərmɪk/

/ˌziroʊˈθərmɪk/

[Greek θερμός hot] dry and hot.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > hot weather > [adjective] > and dry

xerothermic1904

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > hot and dry

adurent1626

xerothermic1904

1904 Bot. Gaz. Apr. 312 (Cent Dict. Suppl.) Jerosch holds that an interglacial xerothermic or steppe period has been proved by the facts of plant geography, paleontology, and geology.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	xero-
释义	xero-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. before a vowel xer-, representing Greek ξηρο-, ξηρ-, combining form of ξηρός dry, occurring in several scientific and technical terms. xeroderma n. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈdəːmə/ , U.S. /ˌzɪrəˈdərmə/ , /ˌzirəˈdərmə/ one of several diseases characterized by excessive dryness of the skin. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > excessive dryness parchment skinc1390 xeroderma1848 xerodermia1891 1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 909/1 Xeroderma, diminution of secretion of the sebaceous glands. 1864 W. T. Fox Skin Dis. viii. 222 True xeroderma is in reality the early stage of ichthyosis, a true epithelial disease. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 786 [Lichen pilaris] is only a part of a general xeroderma. xerodermia n. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈdəːmɪə/ , U.S. /ˌzɪrəˈdərmiə/ , /ˌzirəˈdərmiə/ [modern Latin, < Greek δέρμα skin] Pathology = xeroderma n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > excessive dryness parchment skinc1390 xeroderma1848 xerodermia1891 1891 Cent. Dict. Xerodermia, same as Xeroderma. 1899 T. C. Allbutt Syst. Med. VIII. 661 To the milder forms [of ichthyosis] the names xerodermia and xerosis are frequently..applied. xerodermatic adj. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)dəˈmatɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzɪroʊdərˈmædɪk/ , /ˌziroʊdərˈmædɪk/ ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [adjective] > excessive dryness arid1704 parchment-skinned1834 xerodermic1890 parchmented1893 xerodermatous1899 xerodermatic1913 1913 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 7) 1063/2 Xerodermatic. xerodermatous adj. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈdəːmətəs/ , U.S. /ˌzɪrəˈdərmədəs/ , /ˌzɪroʊˈdərmədəs/ , /ˌzirəˈdərmədəs/ , /ˌziroʊˈdərmədəs/ ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [adjective] > excessive dryness arid1704 parchment-skinned1834 xerodermic1890 parchmented1893 xerodermatous1899 xerodermatic1913 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 851 The skin is dry and thin but not xerodermatous. xerodermic adj. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈdəːmɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzɪrəˈdərmɪk/ , /ˌzɪroʊˈdərmɪk/ , /ˌzirəˈdərmɪk/ , /ˌziroʊˈdərmɪk/ pertaining to or characteristic of xeroderma. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [adjective] > excessive dryness arid1704 parchment-skinned1834 xerodermic1890 parchmented1893 xerodermatous1899 xerodermatic1913 1890 Retrospect Med. 102 92 Minute white, gray, or red scaly xerodermic prominences, having a hair in the centre. xeroderma pigmentosum n. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)dəːmə pɪɡm(ə)nˈtəʊs(ə)m/ , /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)dəːmə pɪɡmɛnˈtəʊs(ə)m/ , /zɪərə(ʊ)ˌdəːmə pɪɡm(ə)nˈtəʊs(ə)m/ , /zɪərə(ʊ)ˌdəːmə pɪɡmɛnˈtəʊs(ə)m/ , U.S. /ˌzɪroʊˌdərmə ˌpɪɡmənˈtoʊsəm/ , /ˌzɪrəˌdərmə ˌpɪɡmənˈtoʊsəm/ , /ˌziroʊˌdərmə ˌpɪɡmənˈtoʊsəm/ , /ˌzirəˌdərmə ˌpɪɡmənˈtoʊsəm/ [Latin pigmentōsus pigmented] Pathology a rare, hereditary disorder in which skin exposed to the ultraviolet light of the sun becomes discoloured and swollen, chronic injury leading in childhood to cancer and often death. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > disordered pigmentation melasma1563 orange skin1822 melanopathia1847 xanthosis1853 xanthelasma1867 xanthochroia1867 xanthoderma1867 xanthopathia1867 xanthoma1869 argyria1874 chloasma1877 leucoderma1884 xeroderma pigmentosum1884 hyperchromatosis1886 melanodermia1886 leucodermia1888 hyperchromasia1889 hyperpigmentation1890 hypochromia1890 xanthochromia1894 xanthodermia1900 melanization1927 1884 Medico-Chir. Trans. LXVII. 169 (heading) Three cases of xeroderma pigmentosum, Kaposi or atrophoderma pigmentosum. 1952 C. P. Blacker Eugenics: Galton & After 248 Among these genes are those believed to determine retinitis pigmentosa, a severe disease of the eye leading to blindness; epidermolysis bullosa and xeroderma pigmentosum, both diseases of the skin. 1975 Sci. Amer. Nov. 68/2 An inherited defect in the enzymes that repair DNA damaged by ultraviolet light, called xeroderma pigmentosum, leads to multiple skin cancers. xeroform n. Brit. /ˈzɪərə(ʊ)fɔːm/ , U.S. /ˈzɪrəˌfɔrm/ , /ˈzirəˌfɔrm/ [after chloroform] Medicine see quot. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antiseptic > [noun] > specific naphthalene1821 carbolic acid1835 creosote1835 Sanitas1878 chlorocresol1886 salol1887 Listerine1889 salufer1894 Airol1895 fluorol1895 thymoform1899 xeroform1901 triformol1907 thymoloform1911 hexamine1914 Eusol1915 flavine1917 proflavine1917 Dakin1920 naphtha1920 methenamine1926 T.C.P.1934 Zephiran1935 leptazol1946 cetrimide1948 nalidixic acid1962 clioquinol1967 crystal violet1996 1901 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 2) 765/1 Xeroform, a yellow neutral powder derived from tribromphenol and bismuth, (C₆H₂Br₃O)₂ BiOH + Bi₂O₃: useful in the treatment of wounds, abscesses, etc., and as an intestinal antiseptic. xeromorphy n. Brit. /ˈzɪərə(ʊ)mɔːfi/ , U.S. /ˈzɪrəˌmɔrfi/ , /ˈzirəˌmɔrfi/ [-morphy comb. form] Botany the possession by a plant of features characteristic of a xerophilous plant. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat > condition of flourishing in dryness xerophily1878 xerophytism1900 sclerophylly1903 xeromorphy1909 1909 E. Warming et al. Oecol. Plants xlvi. 194 This xeromorphy of plants growing on wet moor-soil occurs all the world over. 1963 Nature 30 Nov. 909/2 It is well known that xeromorphy is of physiological importance to the aquatic plants which exhibit it and certain tissues become altered in relation to environment. 1980 Bot. Jrnl. Linn. Soc. 80 319 Most of the variable characters are related to xeromorphy and are taxonomically useful within the framework of the present classification. xeromorphic adj. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈmɔːfɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzɪrəˈmɔrfɪk/ , /ˌzirəˈmɔrfɪk/ ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture fenny1543 plashy1822 inundatal1847 paludal1847 hygrophilous1863 uliginal1863 xerophilous1863 uliginose1866 xerophil1884 ombrophilous1895 ombrophobic1895 ombrophobous1895 xerophytic1897 sclerophyllous1903 xeromorphic1909 hydrarch1913 xerarch1913 ombrophile1924 sclerophyll1926 hygrophytic1936 xerophilic1961 1909 E. Warming et al. Oecol. Plants xlvi. 194 There must be a causal connexion between the soil and the xeromorphic structure which has been described. 1938 J. E. Weaver & F. E. Clements Plant Ecol. (ed. 2) xvi. 445 Xeromorphic structures such as thick cuticle, waxy covering, or abundant development of hairs have little value in directly reducing the rate of transpiration of xerophytes so long as the stomata are open. 1974 Nature 26 Apr. 807/2 The Hybanthus shrubs conspicuous by their apparent lack of xeromorphic adaptation to a climate which becomes increasingly arid towards the continental interior. xeromorph n. Brit. /ˈzɪərə(ʊ)mɔːf/ , U.S. /ˈzɪrəˌmɔrf/ , /ˈzirəˌmɔrf/ a xeromorphic plant. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat xerophil1884 xerophyte1897 sclerophyll1911 phreatophyte1920 xerosere1926 xeromorph1934 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Xeromorph. 1953 Sci. News 27 10 The term ‘xerophyte’ is now limited to those plants able to endure conditions of drought, while salt-marsh plants are known as ‘xeromorphs’. 1981 Austral. Jrnl. Bot. 29 518 G[revillea] annulifera has the nutritional characteristics common to xeromorphs plus strategies to channel nutrients very efficiently to its seeds. xerophilic adj. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈfɪlɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzɪrəˈfɪlɪk/ , /ˌzirəˈfɪlɪk/ = xerophilous adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture fenny1543 plashy1822 inundatal1847 paludal1847 hygrophilous1863 uliginal1863 xerophilous1863 uliginose1866 xerophil1884 ombrophilous1895 ombrophobic1895 ombrophobous1895 xerophytic1897 sclerophyllous1903 xeromorphic1909 hydrarch1913 xerarch1913 ombrophile1924 sclerophyll1926 hygrophytic1936 xerophilic1961 1961 Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Xerophilic. 1965 B. E. Freeman tr. A. Vandel Biospeleol. xiii. 213 The Tenebrionidae are mainly xerophilic insects. 1972 Science 19 May 788/1 He is equally good when describing various kinds of vegetation, from the aquatic to the xerophilic. xerophilous adj. Brit. /zᵻˈrɒfᵻləs/ , U.S. /zᵻˈrɑfələs/ [Greek -ϕιλος -loving] Botany and Zoology adapted to a dry climate or habitat, or to conditions of scanty available moisture. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture fenny1543 plashy1822 inundatal1847 paludal1847 hygrophilous1863 uliginal1863 xerophilous1863 uliginose1866 xerophil1884 ombrophilous1895 ombrophobic1895 ombrophobous1895 xerophytic1897 sclerophyllous1903 xeromorphic1909 hydrarch1913 xerarch1913 ombrophile1924 sclerophyll1926 hygrophytic1936 xerophilic1961 the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [adjective] fieldya1382 waterya1382 agrestial1608 subterranean1638 lucifugous1654 nemoral1656 subcutaneous1664 subterraneous1832 subtidal1852 xylophilous1862 xerophilous1863 acid-loving1870 aerobic1878 aerobian1879 aerobious1879 aerobiotic1880 subaquatic1880 aerophilous1885 facultative1887 pelagic1887 aerophile1888 autotrophic1893 heterotrophic1893 plastic1893 thermophilic1894 thermophil1896 mesophilic1897 halolimnic1898 polybathic1898 tolerant1898 limnetic1899 thermophilous1899 metatrophic1900 mixotrophic1900 paratrophic1900 mesophilous1901 benthic1902 epibenthic1902 eurybathic1902 microaerophilic1903 sympatric1904 benthoal1905 cryophile1907 benthonic1909 microaerophile1909 lenitic1916 lotic1916 psychrotolerant1924 oligosaprobic1925 polysaprobic1925 aerophilic1929 saprobic1932 primary1934 lentic1935 chemoautotrophic1936 eurytopic1937 psammic1938 saprotrophic1942 prototrophic1946 chemolithoautotrophic1949 auxotrophic1950 chemolithotrophic1953 chemoorganotrophic1953 opportunist1956 psychrophile1956 psychrophilic1958 opportunistic1960 psychrotrophic1960 oligosaprobe1990 1863 J. G. Baker N. Yorks. Stud. xxii. 316 The Xerophilous and Maritime species [of mosses] are very few in number. 1893 Athenæum 2 Dec. 774/3 A paper..by the Rev. G. Henslow ‘On the Origin of Plant Structures by Self-adaptation to the Environment, exemplified by Desert and Xerophilous Plants.’ 1968 Jrnl. Zool. 155 365 Many xerophilous species occupying desert or semi-arid areas have adapted their breeding physiology to take advantage of the unpredictable and sporadic rainfall that may occur at any time. xerophil n. and adj. Brit. /ˈzɪərə(ʊ)fɪl/ , U.S. /ˈzɪrəˌfɪl/ , /ˈzirəˌfɪl/ (also xerophile) [ < French xérophile, noun (J. Thurmann in Essai de phytostatique (1849) I. xiii. 268)] a xerophilous plant. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat xerophil1884 xerophyte1897 sclerophyll1911 phreatophyte1920 xerosere1926 xeromorph1934 the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture fenny1543 plashy1822 inundatal1847 paludal1847 hygrophilous1863 uliginal1863 xerophilous1863 uliginose1866 xerophil1884 ombrophilous1895 ombrophobic1895 ombrophobous1895 xerophytic1897 sclerophyllous1903 xeromorphic1909 hydrarch1913 xerarch1913 ombrophile1924 sclerophyll1926 hygrophytic1936 xerophilic1961 1884 Trans. Victoria Inst. 38 Xerophiles—plants such as pertain to very dry climates. 1921 H. Printz Vegetation of Siberian-Mongolian Frontiers 14 At a short distance from the river..the xerophile typical steppe vegetation predominates. 1936 Hereditas XXI. 290 Viola crassa is xerophile and alpine. 1985 Times 4 Jan. 12/2 The site was then abandoned, a conclusion that Dr Evans bases on the high diversity of snail species and the general paucity of xerophile species. xerophile n. and adj. Brit. /ˈzɪərə(ʊ)fʌɪl/ , U.S. /ˈzɪrəˌfaɪl/ , /ˈzirəˌfaɪl/ (also attributive). Π 1926 Nat. Hist. Oxf. Distr. 305 Both xerophile and damp-loving species flourish, the former mainly on the high ground..the latter in hedgerows and woods. xerophily n. Brit. /zᵻˈrɒfᵻli/ , /zᵻˈrɒfl̩i/ , U.S. /zᵻˈrɑfəli/ the condition or character of being xerophilous. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat > condition of flourishing in dryness xerophily1878 xerophytism1900 sclerophylly1903 xeromorphy1909 1878 A. Henfrey Elem. Bot. (ed. 3) iv. i. 661 Plants are divided into Xerophiles, or those capable of existing in very dry climates; Hygrophiles, or those which can only exist in the presence of abundant moisture. 1904 Science 3 June 866/2 The causes of xerophily in bog plants. xerophyte n. Brit. /ˈzɪərə(ʊ)fʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˈzɪrəˌfaɪt/ , /ˈzirəˌfaɪt/ [Greek ϕυτόν plant] Botany a xerophilous plant (see above). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat xerophil1884 xerophyte1897 sclerophyll1911 phreatophyte1920 xerosere1926 xeromorph1934 1897 J. C. Willis Man. Flowering Plants I. 178 In countries with long dry seasons [etc.].., the plants..agree in having a lower rate of transpiration than plants living where there is plenty of available water. Plants of this kind are termed xerophytes. 1906 G. Henslow in 19th Cent. Nov. 801 E[uphoriba] Paralias is a xerophyte with coriaceous leaves, because it has adapted itself to a maritime situation in England. xerophytic adj. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈfɪtɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzɪrəˈfɪdɪk/ , /ˌzirəˈfɪdɪk/ pertaining to or having the character of a xerophyte, xerophilous. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > that thrives or does not thrive in moisture fenny1543 plashy1822 inundatal1847 paludal1847 hygrophilous1863 uliginal1863 xerophilous1863 uliginose1866 xerophil1884 ombrophilous1895 ombrophobic1895 ombrophobous1895 xerophytic1897 sclerophyllous1903 xeromorphic1909 hydrarch1913 xerarch1913 ombrophile1924 sclerophyll1926 hygrophytic1936 xerophilic1961 1897 J. C. Willis Man. Flowering Plants I. 185 No plants..can be regular epiphytes unless they possess well-marked xerophytic characters, including as a rule the capacity for water~storage. 1900 Nature 13 Dec. 150/1 Every one is aware how extremely intolerant of moisture are the cacti and some other xerophytic plants. xerophytically adv. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈfɪtᵻkli/ , U.S. /ˌzɪrəˈfɪdᵻk(ə)li/ , /ˌzirəˈfɪdᵻk(ə)li/ in the manner of a xerophyte. Π 1911 F. O. Bower Plant Life on Land 134 Xerophytically adapted, that is, that they shall be able to stand sudden conditions of extreme heat and drought. xerophytism n. Brit. /zᵻˈrɒfᵻtɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /zᵻˈrɑfəˌtɪz(ə)m/ xerophytic character, xerophily. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat > condition of flourishing in dryness xerophily1878 xerophytism1900 sclerophylly1903 xeromorphy1909 1900 Nature 15 Nov. 53/2 The stomatal grooves on the lower surface of the leaf [of Lepidodendron] suggest a xerophytic adaptation. Indications of xerophytism are afforded by other anatomical characters in certain Palæozoic types. xerosere n. Brit. /ˈzɪərə(ʊ)sɪə/ , U.S. /ˈzɪrəˌsɪ(ə)r/ , /ˈzirəˌsɪ(ə)r/ [sere n.²] Ecology a plant succession having its origin in a dry habitat. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that likes or tolerates a dry habitat xerophil1884 xerophyte1897 sclerophyll1911 phreatophyte1920 xerosere1926 xeromorph1934 1926 A. G. Tansley & T. F. Chipp Aims & Methods Study Vegetation ii. 19 The earlier stages of a prisere are altogether different, according to whether the succession begins on a wet or a dry habitat... Such successions may be conveniently called hydroseres and xeroseres respectively. 1952 P. W. Richards Trop. Rain Forest xii. 287 Opportunities for observing xeroseres in the tropics are..not infrequent, particularly in regions of volcanic activity. xerostomia n. Brit. /zɪərəʊˈstəʊmɪə/ , U.S. /ˌzɪroʊˈstoʊmiə/ , /ˌziroʊˈstoʊmiə/ [modern Latin, < Greek στόμα mouth] Pathology dryness of the mouth from insufficient secretion of saliva. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of mouth > [noun] > dryness hot coppers1848 xerostomia1890 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Xerostomia, dryness of the mouth. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 310 The salivary and buccal secretions may be totally arrested as in cases of xerostomia. xerothermic adj. Brit. /ˌzɪərə(ʊ)ˈθəːmɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzɪroʊˈθərmɪk/ , /ˌziroʊˈθərmɪk/ [Greek θερμός hot] dry and hot. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > hot weather > [adjective] > and dry xerothermic1904 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > hot and dry adurent1626 xerothermic1904 1904 Bot. Gaz. Apr. 312 (Cent Dict. Suppl.) Jerosch holds that an interglacial xerothermic or steppe period has been proved by the facts of plant geography, paleontology, and geology. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < comb. form1848
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