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单词 yard
释义

yardn.1

Brit. /jɑːd/, U.S. /jɑrd/
Forms: Old English geard, Middle English ȝerd(e, Middle English–1500s ȝard(e, yerde, Middle English–1700s yerd, Middle English–1800s yaird, (Middle English ȝherd, Middle English ȝeard, ȝord, yorde, 1500s ȝharde, 1500s, yorte (1800s dialect (Lancashire) yort), 1600s yearde, 1700s Scottish yeard), Middle English–1500s ȝaird, 1500s–1600s yarde, Middle English– yard.
Etymology: Old English geard strong masculine fence, dwelling, house, region = Old Saxon gard enclosure, field, dwelling, Middle Dutch, Dutch gaard garden, Old High German gart circle, ring, Old Norse garðr garth n.1, (Swedish gård yard, Danish gard yard, farm), Gothic gards house, with corresponding weak forms Old Frisian garda garden, Old Saxon gardo , Old High German garto (Middle High German garte , German garten ) garden, Gothic garda enclosure, stall. (Old English geard is the second element of middangeard middenerd n., ortgeard orchard n., wíngeard winyard n.) The ulterior relations of these words are uncertain. Close affinity of sense is exhibited by the words derived from the Germanic root gerd- : gard- : gurd- , represented by gird v.1 (Old English gyrdan , Old High German gurten , Old Norse gyrða ) and girth n. (Old Norse gjǫrð , Gothic gairda ), and those derived from an Indo-European root ghort- , viz. Greek χόρτος farm-yard, feeding-place, food, fodder, Latin hortus garden, co-hors enclosure, yard, pen for cattle and poultry, cohort n., court n.1, Old Irish gort cornfield; but there are phonological difficulties in the way of equating both groups of words. (Old Church Slavonic gradŭ enclosure, town, Russian grad, gorod town, as in Petrograd, Novgorod, Lithuanian gàrdas hurdle, fold, are probably borrowed < Germanic.) The general signification of the word is ‘enclosure’, the particular character of which is usually to be inferred from the context; the simple word is thus often felt to be short for a specific compound of it (see references in the various senses).
1.
a. A comparatively small uncultivated area attached to a house or other building or enclosed by it; esp. such an area surrounded by walls or buildings within the precincts of a house, castle, inn, etc. Cf. backyard n., castle yard, chapel-yard n., courtyard n., inn-yard, palace yard, stable-yard.In Old English used in singular and plural = dwelling, house, home, the ‘courts of heaven’; also, region, tract (cf. middangeard middenerd n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > courtyard > [noun] > (back or front) yard
yardOE
backside1450
stead1546
outyard1600
lot1657
backyard1659
outlet1667
area1712
back lot1714
backlet1724
door-yardc1764
front yard1767
rear yard1800
tenement yard1874
sitooterie1994
OE Guthlac A 791 Swa soðfæstra sawla motun in ecne geard up gestigan rodera rice.
OE Beowulf 2459 Nis þær hearpan sweg, gomen in geardum.
OE Genesis 740 Wit..forleton on heofonrice heahgetimbro, godlice geardas.
c1400 St. Alexius (Laud 108) 302 Alex..Is dweld in his fader ȝerd As a pore man.
c1480 (a1400) St. Mary of Egypt 571 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 312 To þe tempil men cane draw; & of It til in þe ȝarde I wes cummyne, I ne spard.
1524 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 10 A litile howse with a yerde.
1550 J. Heywood Hundred Epigrammes xxix. sig. Biiv I kepe doggis to aide me in my yarde.
1565 in D. H. Fleming Reformation in Scotl. (1910) 613 Part of ane yard within the abbay place of Sanctandrois.
a1657 J. Balfour Hist. Wks. (1824) II. 71 He was brought vpone a scaffold in the parliament yaird.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 121. ¶1 As I was walking..in the great Yard that belongs to my Friend's Country House.
a1720 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) I. ii. 96 The steeple-house yard.
1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xii. 242 I wandered from one quadrangle of old-fashioned buildings to another, and from thence to the College-yards, or walking-ground.
1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice II. v. iv. 135 Four horses, that had been only fourteen miles, had just re-entered the yard.
1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes I. v. 183 An old cathedral yard.
1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes I. viii. 279 A long row of small houses fronting on the street, and opening at the back upon a common yard.
1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 20 The small yard between the stables.
b. spec. †(a) The ‘ground’ of a playhouse, originally an inn-yard; (b) Scottish plural a school playground; (c) = court n.1 3 (esp. in proper names, as Carter's Yard, Thompson's Yard in Oxford).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > auditorium > [noun] > pit or ground floor
yard1609
ground1631
pit1649
ground-stand1659
cockpit1698
parterre1711
parquet1773
society > education > place of education > educational buildings > [noun] > school > school playground
campo1612
playground1768
yard1808
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > [noun] > playground
campo1612
play-greenc1650
playground1768
playing-croft1804
yard1808
tot lot1944
adventure playground1953
1609 T. Dekker Guls Horne-bk. sig. E3 Neither are you to be hunted from thence though the Scar-crowes in the yard, hoot at you.
1808 W. Scott Autobiogr. in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1839) I. 41 I made a brighter figure in the yards than in the class.
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. ii. 27 Half the youthful mob ‘of the yards’ used to assemble..to see Dominie Sampson..descend the stairs from the Greek class.
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 211/1 Every Street, Lane, Square, Yard, Court, Alley, Passage, and Place..are to be thus cleansed.
c. Contextually = churchyard n., graveyard n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > burial ground or cemetery > [noun] > churchyards
church townOE
churchyard?a1160
church hayc1175
church hawc1330
church-earth1449
church-littena1450
spiritualitiesa1470
church garth1484
church acre1596
yard1792
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 145 Not farre thence is a yard vsed for common buriall, called the holy field, vulgarly Campo Santo.]
1792 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum IV. 326 And now I greet round their green beds in the yerd.
1836 C. Hooton Adventures Bilberry Thurland I. xi. 217 The road he had taken brought him at length to the church, through the yard of which it led.
1856 C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain i. xxii The little..church, its yard shaded with trees.
d. An enclosure attached to a prison, in which the prisoners take exercise. liberty of the yard (U.S.): see quot. 1828.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > yard
prison yard?1640
yard1777
ring1898
compound1946
1777 J. Howard State Prisons Eng. & Wales iii. 74 Why were not the walls of the yards repaired in time, that prisoners might with safety be allowed the proper use of them?
1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Yard Liberty of the yard, is a liberty granted to persons imprisoned for debt, of walking in the yard, or within any other limits prescribed by law.
1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. 438/1 This person..took me into the yard and stripped me.
e. the Yard, short for ‘Scotland Yard’, the chief London police office.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police office or station > specific
Scotland Yard1830
the Yard1888
1888 A. C. Gunter Mr. Potter xviii. 221 They're tired of paying your old master's salary up at the Yard.
1904 J. Sweeney At Scotland Yard ii W. E. Monro..was one of the greatest public servants who ever worked at the Yard.
f. U.S. A college campus or the area enclosed by its main buildings; spec. at Harvard: the Yard, the quadrangle formed by the original college buildings.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > place of education > educational buildings > [noun] > college or university buildings > area of
yard1637
campus1774
1637–9 Harvard Coll. Rec. in Publ. Colonial Soc. Mass. (1925) 15 172 Mr Nathaniel Eatons Account... The frame in the Colledge Yard & digging the cellar.
1841 Harvard Faculty Orders & Regul. 6 Collecting in groups round the doors of the College buildings or in the yard [shall be considered a violation of decorum].
1871 L. H. Bagg Four Years at Yale 27 Besides the fourteen buildings already described, the only others within the yard..were the two wooden dwelling-houses.
1902 Boston Evening Record 18 Mar. 8/4 (heading) Out of the ‘Yard’—how the Harvard students have gone to the ‘Gold Coast’.
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §829.12 Campus, camp, orchard,..yard.
1947 Harvard Alumni Bull. 12 Apr. 586/2 Few people have likely ever thought of the Yard as a bird sanctuary... What of the Yard? There must be bird records.
1970 ‘E. Queen’ Last Woman iii. 163 I found out the truth about myself in my freshman year at Harvard... There was an episode in a bar, well away from the Yard.
1981 ‘D. Jordan’ Double Red xv. 71 Stumbling across the Yard..after too much Harvard Provision Co. gin.
2. An enclosure forming a pen for cattle or poultry, a storing place for hay, or the like, belonging to a farm-house or surrounded by farm-buildings, or one in which a barn or similar building stands. (Cf. barnyard n., farmyard n. and adj., poultry-yard.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmstead > [noun] > farm-offices > farmyard
yardc1300
barnyard1354
closec1386
fold?a1505
barton1552
town-place1602
homestall1653
fold-stead1663
farmyard1686
fold-garth1788
fold-yard1800
farm court1807
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 702 Þe hennes of þe yerd.
c1386 G. Chaucer Nun's Priest's Tale 27 A yeerd she hadde enclosed al aboute With stikkes and a drye dych with-oute In which she hadde a Cok.
c1386 G. Chaucer Nun's Priest's Tale 177 Oon of hem was logged in a stalle Fer in a yeerd with Oxen of the plough.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 11 I [sc. chantecleer] had viij fayr sones and seuen fayr doughters whiche..wente in a yerde whiche was walled round a boute.
1551 in J. W. Clay North Country Wills (1908) I. (Surtees 1908) 218 To Jhon Collin,..one lode of heye in my yarde.
1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 23v All maner of straw, that is scattred in yard.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. xxv. 175 One of the Lyons leaped downe into a neighbours yard, where nothing regarding the crowing or noise of the Cocks, hee eat them up. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 94 His wanton Kids..Fight harmless Battels in his homely Yard . View more context for this quotation
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. viii. 51 A vast Herd of Cows in a rich Farmer's Yard.
1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. xv. 173 A thriving farm with sleepy cows lying about the yard.
3. A piece of enclosed ground of moderate size, often adjoining a house and covered with grass or planted with trees; a garden. Now chiefly North American and dialect, a kitchen or cottage-garden (cf. door-yard n., kail-yard at kailyard n.). See also grass yard n. at grass n.1 Compounds 5, green yard n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > [noun]
leightonc950
orchardOE
garden1279
yard1390
vergera1400
smelling cheat1567
garden ground1577
gardenage1600
smeller1610
viridary1657
viridariumc1660
gardening1682
greenery1783
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > [noun] > kitchen- or herb-garden
wortyardOE
kitchen garden1376
calgarth14..
pot garden1511
herbary1625
potagera1684
plantiequoy1686
potagerie1693
olitory1706
yard1718
kailyard1725
vegetable garden1756
plantiecrue1806
cabbage patch1810
cole-garth1865
victory garden1942
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 30 And after Phillis Philliberd This tre was cleped in the yerd.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1027 It [sc. Paradis] es a yard cald o delites Wit all maner o suet spices.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12522 He sent him to þe yerd..For to gedir þam sum cale.
c1400 Sc. Trojan War (Horstm.) i. 255 Ȝardes for herbys ande for virgerys.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) xxvii. 111 He had a faire yerde [Harl. MS. gardin], that he mekell loved.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 537/2 Ȝerd, or ȝorde.., ortus.
1477 in J. Stuart & G. Burnett Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1886) IX. 101 (note) Oure landis of Auld Lindoris with the brewlandis cotagiis and yairdis therof.
c1540 J. Bellenden in tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. sig. Dj Aqua vite..maid..of sic naturall herbis as grew in thair awin ȝardis.
?1591 R. Bruce Serm. Sacrament v. sig. T2v Quhat Christ suffered for thame in the zarde [sc. Gethsemane], and on the crosse.
1718 in Minutes of Evid. Nairne Peerage (1873) 33 in Sessional Papers House of Lords (H.L. A) XII. 65 Houses biggings yairds orchyairds.
1793 R. Burns in G. Thomson Sel. Coll. Orig. Sc. Airs I. i. 17 My daddie has nought but a cot-house and yard.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian viii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 236 Any of her apple-trees or cabbages which she had left rooted in the ‘yard’ at Woodend.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Yard, the garden belonging to a cottage or ordinary messuage.
1835 J. H. Ingraham South-West II. xxxii. 88 Striped grass, cultivated in yards at the north.
1865 Atlantic Monthly 15 492 The house..stood in its faultless green turfy yard, a perfect Pharisee among houses.
1877 H. G. Murray Tom Kittle's Wake 21 My daughter, Molly tief pass, maam, den go da him yard.
1889 M. E. Wilkins Far-away Melody (1891) 11 Four..old apple-trees, which stood promiscuously about the yard back of the Cottage.
1907 W. Jekyll Jamaican Song & Story 163 The immediate surroundings of the house are called the yard. They seldom speak of going to a friend's house. They say they are going to his yard.
1932 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Sunset Song ii. 97 The berries hung ripe in the yard of the gardener Galt.
1947 J. A. Lomax Adventures Ballad Hunter vii. 185 She says, ‘Can you cut yards?’ an' I says, ‘Yes ma'am.’ She says, ‘Go roun,..to de back.., you'll find a lawn-mower there, and then begin cuttin'.’
1956 G. E. Evans Ask Fellows who cut Hay iv. 55 The village was almost entirely self-supporting, most families living on what they grew or reared on their yards or allotments.
1980 W. Maxwell So Long, see you Tomorrow (1981) ii. 22 The rented house had no yard to speak of.
4.
a. An enclosure set apart for the growing, rearing, breeding, or storing of something or the carrying on of some work or business. Cf. brickyard n., dockyard n., dung-yard, hemp-yard, orchard n. (Old English ortgeard), shipyard n., tan-yard, vineyard n., †winyard (Old English wíngeard).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [noun] > an enclosed space or place > an enclosed piece of ground > for working, storing, or growing in
yard1378
palace1506
hoppet1701
1378 Durham MS Cell. Roll In plumbo empto pro uno aqueducto in le Hempyard.
1520 Perth Hammermen Bk. (1889) 15 Ressavit fra John Kynloch of this yeres excrestes of the yairds.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xvi. 7/2 Great leuers..the whiche they founde in a carpenters yarde.
1555 Act 2 & 3 Phil. & Mary c. 16 §7 Before the said Boate..bee lanched out of the Yarde or Grounde wherin the same Boate..shall fortune to bee made.
a1610 J. Healey tr. Theophrastus Characters (1636) 23 He hath a little yard, gravelled fit for wrestling.
1696 Cal. State Papers, Domest. 282 The porter, master-caulker and ‘teamer’ of Deptford Yard.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. vi. 200 A ship-carpenter in the yard at Portsmouth.
1803 R. Pering in Naval Chron. 15 61 The yard is paid quarterly.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 184 What can be more amusing than Searle's yard on a fine Sunday morning.
1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) ii. 15 ‘What's Mr. Smithie,’ inquired Mr. Tracy Tupman. ‘Something in the yard [sc. the Dockyard],’ replied the stranger.
1855 Poultry Chron. 3 191 Eggs from the Yards of Mr. Punchard.
1873 G. S. Baden-Powell New Homes for Old Country 194 The ‘yards’..are usually situated near the head station.
1891 W. K. Brooks Amer. Oyster 131 Around each claire is built a levee or dirt wall called a yard... This yard retains the water filling the basin.
b. The piece of ground adjacent to a railway station or terminus, used for making up trains, storing rolling-stock, etc.; also an enclosure in which cabs, trams, etc. are kept when not in use.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > station > yard
wagon-yard1827
yard1827
train depot1833
railway yard1854
trainyard1866
marshalling yard1877
rail yard1888
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > public service vehicle > [noun] > yard where public vehicles are stored
yard1827
1827 E. Mackenzie Descr. & Hist. Acct. Newcastle II. 722 A waggon set out for London from the general waggon-yard..every day.
1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) ii. 7 A..young man..emerging suddenly from the coach-yard.
1894 Daily News 18 May 5/4 Yesterday his cabs were still in the yard.
1903 Westm. Gaz. 8 Jan. 7/3 The yard foreman knows the capacity of each of the engines he sends out from his yard.
c. the Yards, the stockyards where cattle are collected for slaughter, esp. in Chicago. U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > [noun] > abattoir
slaughterhousec1374
slaughter-yard1688
abattoir1809
the Yards1865
saladero1870
freezing works1889
chicken factory1893
1865 Atlantic Monthly Jan. 83/2 The average weekly expenditure by butchers at the New York yards during the year 1863 was $328,865.
1906 U. Sinclair Jungle xv. 170 Already the yards were full of activity.
1935 A. G. Macdonell Visit to Amer. vii. 114 As in Chicago, the pride of Omaha is the Stock-yards... I was looking straight down into the Yards.
1974 ‘M. Allen’ Super Tour ii. 57 I've been called all kinds of things ever since I was a kid back of the Yards.
5. U.S. and Canadian. An area in which moose and deer congregate, esp. during the winter months.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > family Cervidae (deer) > [noun] > place frequented by
saltary1598
form1799
pen1829
yard1829
saltory1867
saltatory1903
1829 T. C. Haliburton Hist. & Statist. Acct. Nova-Scotia II. ix. 392 In winter they [sc. moose] form herds, and when the snow is deep, they describe a circle, and press the snow with their feet, until it becomes hard, which is called by hunters a yard, or pen.
1864–5 J. G. Wood Homes without Hands 614 So confident is the Elk in the security of the ‘yard’, that it can scarcely ever be induced to leave its snowy fortification.
1884 Science 28 Mar. 394/1 Immense yards, containing hundreds of deer, existed along the various tributaries [of the Ottawa].
1903 Longman's Mag. July 248 [They] never failed to destroy a ‘yard’ to the last fawn.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations. (a) in sense 1, as yard-broom, yard door, yard gate, yard wall; (b) in sense 2, as yard-bar, yard-dung, yard-liquor, yard-pond, yard-room; †(c) in sense 3 (Scottish and U.S.), as yard door, yard end, yard house, yard tack; (d) in sense 4a, 4b, esp. relating to dockyards, ship-yards, cab yards, or railway yards, as yard clerk, yard craft, yard-keeper, yard-lighter, yard-master.
ΚΠ
(a)
1580 in Archaeologia 64 358 To mak and hang a yard dor at the nether end of the turrit at the bridg.
1857 C. Kingsley Two Years Ago I. iii. 69 Lofty garden and yard walls of grey stone.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xix. 358 Let me and my serving-man go free out of thy yard gate.
1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 29 Near the yard doors.
1921 Blackwood's Mag. Feb. 195/1 Dip an old yard~broom in a bucket of water.
1982 J. Scott Local Lads iii. 32 Billy took up an aged, patchily moulted yardbroom.
(b)1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 49v Some barnroome haue litle, & yardroome as much.1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Jan. xi. 81 He may now carry out his Stable or Yard-Dung.1764 Museum Rusticum 2 i. 3 When I make use of yard dung, I take care it is very rotten.1778 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. Digest 23 It is better management to prevent, than either to waste or cart-out a superfluity of Yard-liquor.1827 J. Clare Shepherd's Cal. 20 While ducks and geese..Plunge in the yard-pond brimming o'er.1869 A. D. Whitney Hitherto xi The lowing of cattle at their yard-bars.(c)1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 189 He sal put bath husband tak and ȝard tak til al possibil polyci.1505 Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 260 Biggind of gud ȝerd hous, sufficiand chawmeris and stabulis to resaue and herbry..xij or xvj hors.1532 Abst. Protocols Town Clerks Glasgow (1897) IV. 57 The rademyng and lowsing of twa riggis of land, lyand at his yard end.1809 A. Henry Trav. & Adventures Canada 79 Behind the yard-door of my own house,..there was a low fence.(d)a1647 P. Pett Life in Archaeologia (1796) 12 266 Those businesses, which were put out by the great to divers yard-keepers.1737 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 33) ii. 87 Yard-keeper and Fire-maker.1804 Naval Chron. 12 504 Six Gun-vessels and Yard-lighters.1861 in Orders Council Naval Service (1904) II. 29 Pensions..granted to the Riggers employed in Your Majesty's Dock~yards, and the Seamen belonging to the Yard Craft.1864 Rep. Children's Employment Comm. 139/1 in Parl. Papers XXII. 487/1 Mr Thomas Wheat, yard~master... My duty is to give orders..and manage the work.1883 P. L. Simmonds Commerc. Dict. Trade Products (rev. ed.) Suppl. Yard Clerk, one who has the overlooking of the yard of a brewery, builder, etc.1889 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 9 Apr. 3/4 [A] yardmaster at Brattleboro' had one leg cut off by a switching train.1891 C. Roberts Adrift in Amer. 93 The brakesman was standing by to couple the cars that the yard engine was backing down on to the rest of the train.1898 Engin. Mag. 16 67 The ordinary yard-handling of, say, an army corps.
C2.
yard boy n. now North American and Caribbean a handyman or general labourer; a gardener.ⓘ
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > gardener > [noun]
leightonwardc1000
curtilera1300
gardenerc1300
gardener1340
curtelaina1400
hortulan1526
ortolan1526
Adamist1623
fosterer1628
gardeneressa1645
under-gardener1687
horticulist1754
horticultor1760
yard boy1776
garden boy1798
horticulturist1818
plantsman1881
mali1908
plantswoman1933
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > [noun] > manual worker > labourer or unskilled
labourera1393
laboura1425
pioneer1543
hand1551
heaver1587
yard boy1776
son of toil1779
spalpeen1780
hacker1784
khalasi1785
tiger1865
cafone1872
mucker1899
mazdoor1937
bracero1946
manamba1959
nkuba kyeyo1991
1776 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 10 Oct. (1778) Reduced my in-door Farming-servants to two: a Bustler and a Yard-boy.
1831 C. Farquharson Jrnl. 2 Dec. in Relic of Slavery (1957) 47 Employed all hands weeding..along with the yard boys.
1958 S. Selvon Turn again Tiger viii. 185 I take the worst job that was going—as a kind of yard-boy by the white people house.
2010 K. Miller Last Warner Woman ii. 148 He work his days as a simple yard boy.
† yard-dike n. Obsolete a garden wall.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [noun] > garden-wall
garden wallc1405
yard-dike1595
1595 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 132/2 Up the saidis Alesteris eist yaird-dyk to the mairch of Galdwalmoir.
1691 Burgh of Jedburgh Council Rec. 19 Mar. (Scottish Borders Archives: BJ/1/4) 16 Ffor his wrongous..away takeing of certaine stones out of the ministers yeard dyke at his awin hand.
1907 A. Lang Hist. Scotl. IV. xvi. 392 A minister's yard dyke, or garden wall, was overthrown.
yard-dog n. a watchdog kept in the yard of a house or dwelling.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dogs used for specific purposes > [noun] > guard dog
porter?a1425
wap1464
dog keeper1576
mooner1576
warner1576
house dog1577
mâtin1579
defender1607
housekeeper1607
watchdoga1616
moondog1668
yard-dog1795
guard dog1796
big dog1833
tenter1844
junkyard dog1936
prowl dog1974
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > one who watches or keeps guard > watch-dog or guard dog
tie-dogc1290
porter?a1425
bandogc1425
house dog1577
mâtin1579
housekeeper1607
watchdoga1616
watch-mastiff1778
yard-dog1795
guard dog1796
big dog1833
prowl dog1974
1795 J. Haighton in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 85 197 I kept this animal nineteen months, during the greatest part of which time he performed the office of a yard dog.
1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward I. Introd. p. vii Trusty, the yard-dog.
1905 A. C. Benson Thread of Gold ii A big black yard-dog.
yard-grass n. a low annual grass, Eleusine indica, common in ‘yards’ about houses in parts of U.S.A.; also Cynodon Dactylon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > dog's-tooth
dog's tooth1600
Bermuda grass1801
Bahama grass1808
doob1810
sun grass1810
yard-grass1822
quick grass1838
kweek grass1904
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > non-British grasses > [noun] > North American
salt grass1704
wiregrass1751
Indian grass1765
buffalo grass1784
blue-eyed grass1785
mountain rice1790
nimble Will1816
yard-grass1822
mesquite1831
poverty-grass1832
tickle-moth1833
bunch-grass1837
naked-beard grass1848
needle grass1848
Means grass1858
toothache-grass1860
Johnson grass1873
Indian rice grass1893
nigger babies1897
St. Augustine grass1905
pinyon ricegrass1935
1822 J. Woods Two Years' Resid. Eng. Prairie 199 Yard-grass comes on land that has been much trodden; it is something like cock's-foot-grass, except the seed.
1848 R. H. Schomburgk Hist. Barbados 586 Cynodon dactylon. Devil's Grass. Bahama, or Yard Grass.
yard-money n. fees payable by hirers of cabs from cab-owners to stablemen, etc. on returning them to the yard.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for storage facilities
housage1578
cellarage1762
storage1775
warehousing1795
boomage1862
sideage1868
yardage1868
yard-money1884
warehouseage1915
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 14 July 1/2 On returning to the yard at night he has to stump up ten shillings more, plus a mysterious fee of two shillings called ‘yard money’.
yard sale n. U.S. a sale of miscellaneous second-hand items held in the garden of a private house.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > selling > a public sale > [noun] > other types of sale
rummage sale1756
handsale1766
trade sale1774
sheriff's sale1798
private treaty1858
asset sale1921
pre-sale1938
garage sale1966
tag sale1966
yard sale1976
car boot1995
1976 Flint (Mich.) Jrnl. 12 July c–5 Yard sale—1508 Webber canning jars, screen tent, patterns, books, [etc.].
1982 M. McMullen Until Death do us Part (1983) vii. 46 There was a yard sale down our street.

Draft additions 1993

1. Caribbean. Also yaad.ⓘ
a. Jamaican, Trinidad, Tobago, and Guyana. An area of land with multiple small poor-quality houses that have communal facilities and are inhabited by poor people. Cf. tenement yard n. (b) at tenement n. Additions.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > [noun] > collection of
yard1849
1849 Port of Spain Gaz. 20 Mar. 2/1 She was then living in a room she rents in a Mr. Murray's yard at Corbeau Town.
1854 G. Milroy in Cholera (Jamaica) 36 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 235) XLIII. 285 During the night of the 7th and on the 8th, two other persons in the same yard were attacked [with cholera].
1956 R. de Boissière Rum & Coca Cola in L. Winer Dict. Eng./Creole Trinidad & Tobago (2009) 979/1 The yard is no place for you.
1975 V. Ford & B. Marley No Woman, No Cry (transcribed from song) in ‘Bob Marley & The Wailers’ Live! I remember when we used to sit In the government yard in Trenchtown.
2013 www.stabroeknews.com (Guyana) 8 July (online newspaper, accessed 19 Mar. 2021) There were three toilets in the yard with one bathroom and a standpipe, which all the occupants of the three range houses shared.
b. Jamaican. A house or dwelling; a home.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [noun] > home
homeOE
homesteadOE
house and homelOE
hearthstone1659
home dwelling1743
establishment1803
hearth and home1822
roof1853
yard1865
down home1920
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > [noun]
earneOE
wickc900
bottleeOE
innOE
boldOE
wonningc1000
wanea1225
wonea1250
bidea1300
dwelling1340
habitaculec1374
habitaclec1384
habitationc1384
mansionc1385
placea1387
manantie?a1400
dungeonc1460
longhousec1460
folda1500
residencea1522
abode1549
bield1570
lodgement1598
bidinga1600
sit-house1743
location1795
wigwam1817
address1855
yard1865
res1882
nivas1914
multifamily1952
1865 G. R. Henderson et al. Rep. 1 May in Papers Affairs Jamaica (1866) 149 in Parl. Papers LI. 507 In numerous cases children forsake the parental roof at 11 or 12 years of age, and frequently find too ready a welcome in the yards of vicious neighbours.
1877 H. G. Murray in F. G. Cassidy & R. B. Le Page Dict. Jamaican Eng. (1967) 485/1 My daughter, Molly tief pass, maam, den go da him yard.
1950 L. Bennett et al. Anancy Stories & Dial. Verse 71 Me gat tree pickney an dem mumma up a yard.
2005 Riddim No. 1. 22/2 My mother seh me a bad pickney, just giving her trouble so me run and left me yard and go inna de street.
c. Jamaican. Often with capital initial: Jamaica. Cf. home n.1 5.
ΚΠ
1974 New York 4 Nov. 73/1 Alton has been on the hit parade down in Yard..ever since his first smash in 1959.
1976 J. Berry Bluefoot Traveller (1977) 27 No mood can touch one Mango season back at Yard.
2020 @MadTweets_x 15 June in twitter.com (accessed 25 Nov. 2020) Fr when the plane touches down on that runway & I'm back in yard I'm going to cry real tears [‘loudly crying face’ emoji].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

yardn.2

Brit. /jɑːd/, U.S. /jɑrd/
Forms: Old English gyrd, gerd, ( ierd), Old English–Middle English gird, Middle English–1500s ȝerd(e, yerd(e, Middle English ȝarde, Middle English–1600s yarde, (Middle English ȝerrde, ȝeord, yeorde, yherde, Middle English ȝierd(e, ȝeird, yeird, ȝeerde, ȝurde, Middle English ȝearde, ȝherde, yeerde, yerede, 1500s yerdde), Middle English–1600s yeard(e, (1800s Scottish yaird), Middle English– yard.
Etymology: Old English *gierd , gyrd , gird , Anglian gerd = Old Frisian ierde (East Frisian jœd ), Old Saxon -gerda (in segalgerda sailyard n.), Middle Low German gerde , Middle Dutch gherde , garde , Dutch garde , gard , Old High German *gartja , gardea , gerta , Middle High German, German gerte , generally taken to represent Old Germanic *gazdjō , derivative of *gazdaz (whence Old English geard ?, Middle Low German gaert , Old High German gart , Old Norse gaddr gad n.1, Gothic gazds prickle), probably related to Latin hasta ( < *ghazdhā) spear, Old Irish gat rod. Some, however, regard the r in this word as original and connect it with Old Church Slavonic žrŭdĭ, Russian zherd′ thin pole.
†1.
a. A straight slender shoot or branch of a tree; a twig, stick. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch > twig
stickeOE
twigc950
yardc950
sprintlea1250
ricec1275
twistc1374
sarmenta1398
tinea1400
lancec1400
pirnc1450
shred15..
shrubc1530
shrag1552
taunt1567
ramelet1652
hag wood1804
hag1808
fibre1810
twiglet1849
virgultum1866
thorn-twig1895
twigling1907
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xi. 7 Gerd..from uinde styrende [L. arundinem uento agitatum].
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 8 Seo drige gyrd, þe næs on eorðan aplantod,..and swa-ðeah greow.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 510 A gret ok he wolde braide adoun as it a smal ȝerd were.
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (1868) iii. met. ii. 68 Þe ȝerde of a tree þat is haled adoun by myȝty strengþe bowiþ redely þe croppe adoun.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5614 A cofur of ȝerdes dud she be wrouȝt.
c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 30 Thay arered a dyche, & a feble castel vpon, of yardes and turues.
c1450 Mirk's Festial 221 A branche of palme of paradyse of þe wheche þe ȝearde was grene as gresse.
†b. figurative in reference to Isaiah xi. 1: cf. rod n.1 2b. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 217 An ȝerd sal spruten of iesse more.
a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS 57/169 Heil þou ȝerde of Iesse.
a1400 Leg. Rood (1871) 212 Þou seydest a ȝerd schulde sprynge Oute of þe rote of Ientill Iesse.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 172 There shall sprynge a yerde oute of the rowte iesse.
†c. In reference to taking or surrendering land, esp. in by the yard (law-French per le virge): see quots. and cf. rod n.1 Phrases 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > transfer of property > putting in possession > [phrase] > manner of taking or surrendering land
by the yard1523
by the rod1607
1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xi. f. 13v There be other tenantes by copy of court role, and is called tenauntes per le virge .s. by the yerde. And they be called so, bycause whan they wolde surrendre their tenementes in to the lordes handes to the vse of another, they shall haue a lytell yerde in his hande by custome of the courte, & that he shall delyuer vnto the stewarde.
1559 T. Phaer Boke of Presidentes (new ed.) 48 b How the copy should be made of landes holden by the yarde.
†d. Used typically of a thing of no value.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > worthless
hawc1000
turdc1275
fille1297
dusta1300
lead1303
skitc1330
naught1340
vanityc1340
wrakea1350
rushc1350
dirt1357
fly's wing1377
goose-wing1377
fartc1390
chaff?a1400
nutshella1400
shalec1400
yardc1400
wrack1472
pelfrya1529
trasha1529
dreg1531
trish-trash1542
alchemy1547
beggary?1548
rubbish1548
pelfa1555
chip1556
stark naught1562
paltry?1566
rubbish1566
riff-raff1570
bran1574
baggage1579
nihil1579
trush-trash1582
stubblea1591
tartar1590
garbage1592
bag of winda1599
a cracked or slit groat1600
kitchen stuff1600
tilta1603
nothing?1608
bauble1609
countera1616
a pair of Yorkshire sleeves in a goldsmith's shop1620
buttermilk1630
dross1632
paltrement1641
cattle1643
bagatelle1647
nothingness1652
brimborion1653
stuff1670
flap-dragon1700
mud1706
caput mortuuma1711
snuff1778
twaddle1786
powder-post1790
traffic1828
junk1836
duffer1852
shice1859
punk1869
hogwash1870
cagmag1875
shit1890
tosh1892
tripe1895
dreck1905
schlock1906
cannon fodder1917
shite1928
skunk1929
crut1937
chickenshit1938
crud1943
Mickey Mouse1958
gick1959
garbo1978
turd1978
pants1994
c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 9660 He ȝeues of hem not a ȝerd.
†2.
a. A staff or stick carried in the hand as a walking stick, or by a shepherd or herdsman. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [noun] > goad
goadeOE
prickleOE
yardc1000
prickc1225
gad1289
gorea1325
brodc1375
brodyke1471
pricker?a1475
gad-wand1487
gadstaff1568
stimule1583
goad prick1609
ankus1768
goad stick1773
sjambok1790
driving stick1800
prod1828
sting1842
quirt1845
garrocha1846
gad-stick1866
romal1904
the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > something to lean on > staff to lean on > walking stick
staffc725
yardc1000
bat?c1225
rodc1300
handstaffa1425
walking staffc1450
sceptre1526
walking stick1580
stick1620
nibbie1812
baton1860
waddy1974
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) x. 10 Næbbe ge gold..ne codd on wege ne twa tunecan ne ge-scy ne gyrde [Lindisf. gerd; Rushw. ierde].
c1000 Ælfric Numbers xvii. 10 Ber Aarones girde in to þam getelde.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2987 He smot wið ðat gerde on ðe lond.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5894 Þan tok aaron þis ilk yeird, And on þe flore he kest it don.
a1400 Leg. Rood (1871) 141 Þe heerdes ȝerde.
a1450 Knt. de la Tour lxxv The yerde wherewith Moyses departed the see.
?1548 J. Bale Comedy Thre Lawes Nature ii. sig. Bv For horse take Moyses yearde, There is no better charme.
†b. (Also golden yard; cf. yard-band n. at Compounds 1b(a), and ell-wand.) The Belt of Orion. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > Southern constellations > [noun] > Orion > Orion's belt
ell-wanda1522
Golden Yard1556
golden yard1556
zone1599
King's ella1605
warrior's belt1879
1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 268 Other thre stande as bullions set in his gyrdle, and are called by manye englyshe men the Golden yarde.
1651 J. Smith Loves Hero & Leander 23 The Yard, Orion, and Charles Waine.
†3.
a. A stick or rod used as an instrument for administering strokes by way of punishment or otherwise. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > instrument or place of corporal punishment > [noun] > rod or birch
besomc893
yardc1000
rodlOE
baleysa1259
ferule1559
scutcher1611
birch1648
whisk rod1688
twig1736
fasces1762
tickler1765
tickle-tail1785
wand1828
tickle-toby1830
birch-rod1834
birch-wand1876
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 290 Genim ane girde, sleah on þæt bæc þonne biþ þæt hors hal.
a1175 Cott. Hom. 243 Þu ahst to habben..Stede and twei sporen and ane smearte ȝerd.
a1250 Prov. Ælfred 451 in Old Eng. Misc. 130 Þe mon þe spareþ yeorde and yonge childe.
a1250 Owl & Nightingale 777 Hit [sc. a horse]..þoleþ boþe ȝerd & spure.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10137 Ofte me hine smæt mid smærte ȝerden [c1300 Otho ȝerdes].
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 1427 Tristith wele that I Wole be her champioun with spore and yerd.
a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS 537 Ȝif þi child be not a-fert, Ȝif him i-nouh of þe ȝerd.
1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) Prol. xxviii His yard of castigacion.
c1450 Mirk's Festial 40 He made hys confessour bete hym wyth a ȝarde apon þe backe al bare, as a chyld ys beten yn scole.
c1450 Mirour Saluacioun (1888) 5 The payens bett him with scourgis & with scharp ȝerds eke.
†b. figurative. A means or instrument of punishment; hence, punishment, chastisement. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > [noun] > corrective
chastiment?c1225
yard?c1225
chastisement1303
chastising1303
disciplinec1350
correctionc1386
castigationc1397
chastementc1425
nurturing1460
disciplining1532
chastice1594
disciplining1645
schooling1703
tickle-toby1830
nurture1911
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 140 Þench hwase eauerharmeð þe..he is godes ȝerde. god beteð þe mid him.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 167 As ofte as þe dogge of helle kecheð ei god from þe smit him ananriht mid te ȝerde of þi tunge i schrift.
1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 95 Qwo-so make any noyse..and þe den comaunde him to ben stille, and he ne wil nouth, scal taken him þe ȝerde.
c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) i. xxii. 24 Tretyng with yerd of loue, and discipline.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 424 He thretened hem that he wolde come to hem in ȝerde, that is to seie, in peyne.
c1530 Crt. Love 363 I shall..meekly take her chastisement and yerd.
†4. A wand, rod, or staff carried as a symbol of office, authority, etc.; hence in figurative phrase under the yard, under (the) rule or discipline (of). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > office > symbol of office or authority > [noun] > staff or rod
yardc1275
tipped stickc1386
bastona1400
mace?a1419
wandc1430
warderc1440
baculc1449
roda1450
verge1493
staff1535
tipstaff1541
verger1547
truncheon1573
vare1578
baton?1590
trunch1590
fasces1598
macer wanda1600
virge1610
batoona1652
stick1677
shaku1875
poker1905
society > authority > subjection > in or into subjection [phrase] > under control > under the rule or control of
under the yardc1275
under the wandc1400
(to have, hold) under one's girdle1541
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 11217 He bar on his honde ænne mucle ȝeord of golde.
c1275 Passion our Lord 382 in Old Eng. Misc. 48 Seþþe hi nomen a red cloþ and duden him a-bute And one yerd on his hond.
c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Prol. 22 Hoost quod he I am vnder youre yerde Ye han of vs as now the gouernance.
a1400 Seuyn Sages (W.) 142 Dioclician the maistres herde, He strok his berd, and schok his yerde.
a1400–50 Wars Alex. 813 Þen was him geuyn vp þe ȝerde & ȝolden þe rewme.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 537/2 Ȝerde, borne a-forne a worthyman.
c1470 J. Hardyng Chron. ccxxii. iv Compleyntes..Refourmed were well vnder his yerd egall.
5. Nautical. A wooden (or steel) spar, comparatively long and slender, slung at its centre from, and forward of, a mast and serving to support and extend a square sail which is bent to it.See also jackyard n., mizzen yard n., sailyard n., topgallant yard at topgallant adj. 1a.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > yard
sailyardc725
rae1312
betasc1330
yard1465
mast-yard?1536
ship-rae1595
c725 Corpus Gloss. 588 Antemna, seglgerd.]
c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 182/3 Cornua, þa twegen endas þære seglgyrde.
1294–5 in 9th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS: Pt. 1 (1883) App. 258/1 in Parl. Papers (C. 3773) XXXVII. 1 Et in vno masto et vna seylyarde emptis pro eadem Galya.
1336–7 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer (P.R.O.: E101/19/31) m. 4 In viij. petris cord' de canabo..pro duobus yerderopes inde faciendis.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xxvii. 271 Of the Mastes and the Seylle Ȝerdes.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 65/1 Ceyl yerde, antenna.
1465 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 199 My mastyr paid for the yerde [of the said ship].
1591 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso xli. xvii. 343 At last with striuing, yard and all was torne, And part therof into the sea was borne.
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. xii. 90 Some [ships] lost their Masts, some their Sayles blowne from their Yards.
1633 T. James Strange Voy. 19 We put abroad all the sayle that was at yards.
1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 21 The Sails were almost always splitting and blowing from the Yards.
1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. xi. 96 Fain to strike the galley's yard, And take them to the oar.
1853 C. Dickens Bleak House i. 1 Fog lying out on the yards, and hovering in the rigging of great ships.
1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise Prol. 26 We saw the yards swing creaking round the mast.
†6. A straight rod or bar used in various connections (see quots.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [noun] > in form of bar, pole, rod, etc.
stingc725
stakec893
sowelc900
tree971
rungOE
shaftc1000
staffc1000
stockc1000
poleOE
spritOE
luga1250
lever1297
stanga1300
perchc1300
raftc1330
sheltbeam1336
stower1371
palea1382
spar1388
spire1392
perk1396
ragged staff1397
peela1400
slot1399
plantc1400
heck-stower1401
sparkin1408
cammockc1425
sallow stakec1440
spoke1467
perk treec1480
yard1480
bode1483
spit1485
bolm1513
gada1535
ruttock1542
stob1550
blade1558
wattle1570
bamboo1598
loggat1600
barling1611
sparret1632
picket1687
tringle1706
sprund1736
lug-pole1773
polting lug1789
baton1801
stuckin1809
rack-pin1821
picket-pin1844
I-iron1874
pricker1875
stag1881
podger1888
window pole1888
verge1897
sallow pole1898
lat1899
swizzle-stick1962
1480 W. Worcester Itineraries 400 The yerdys called sparres of the halle ryalle.
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Radius,..a rodde or yerde, that Geometricians haue to describe lynes.
1594 T. Blundeville Exercises vii. xii. f. 312v In vsing M. Hoods staffe they shall..need..onely to marke vpon what degree of the yard the shadow of the Vane streeketh.
†7. A measuring-rod; spec. a measuring-rod or -stick of the length of three feet; a yard-measure.See also cloth-yard n., ell-yard (ell n.1 Compounds 2), meteyard n. (Old English metegyrd), tailor's yard (tailor's yard n. at tailor n.1 Compounds 2b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measuring instrument > [noun] > for measuring length > measuring rod or stick
yardc1000
meteyardOE
reedc1350
ell-yardc1400
yard-wand14..
scantillona1425
gad1440
metewand1440
meterod1473
rod1473
ell1474
gad-wand1487
ell-wand?a1500
measuring rod1546
scantling1556
metepole1571
meting pole1606
wand1614
yardstick1797
yard-measure1838
gad-stick1866
meting-rod1881
c1000–1050 Instit. Pol. xii. [vii.] (Liebermann 478) And riht is, þæt ne beo ænig metegyrd [Quadripartitus mensuralis uirga] lengre þonne oðer.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 537/2 Ȝerde, metwande, ulna.
c1450 Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) 150 With þe grete met yerde she wole mesure that that she biggeth.
1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes Gen. Prol. f. A ij By the yarde the marchaunte measureth al his war.
1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) i. x. 13 He had a very just yard at home.
a1658 J. Cleveland London Lady in Wks. (1687) 237 The Heroes of the Yard have shut Their Shops.
1712 J. Arbuthnot John Bull Still in Senses v. 20 If they offer'd to come into the Warehouse, then strait went the Yard slap over their Noddle.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 116. ⁋7 I was..bound to a haberdasher... I learned in a few weeks to handle a yard with great dexterity.
8. A unit of linear measure equal to 161/ 2 feet or 51/ 2 yards (but varying locally); a rod, pole, or perch. Now local.Sometimes spec. distinguished as land-yard.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > rod, pole, or perch
yard900
roodOE
perchc1300
rodc1380
fall1388
goad1391
polea1500
lug1562
farthing1602
land-pole1603
gad1706
virgate1772
perk1825
esperduct1866
gad-stick1866
900 in Earle Land-Charters (1888) 351, xvi. gyrda gauoltininga.
901–9 in Thorpe Dipl. Angl. Ævi Sax. (1865) 156 Ðæs landes be suðan ðære cirican..xxiiii. gerda on lange & on bræde ðar hit bradest is fif geurda, & ðær hit unbradost is anne geurde.
11.. Textus Roffensis in Birch Cart. Sax. III. 659 To wercene þa land peran & þreo gyrda to þillianæ [L. tres virgatas plancas ponere].
c1330 Arth. & Merl. 1449 Her vnder is a ȝerde depe A water.
1828 N. Carlisle Hist. Acct. Comm. conc. Charities 295 Two staves or 18 feet, in..Cornwall, are a Land Yard, and 160 Land Yards are an English acre.
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 418/1 As a linear measure, the yard varies considerably in different parts of the kingdom; at Hertford the land-yard is 3 feet; at Saltash, 16½ feet; at Falmouth and Bridgend 18 feet; and at Dowspatrick, 21 feet.
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Yard, a measure of five and a half yards (16½ feet) both long and square, i.e. the same as a rod, pole, or perch.
9.
a. A measure of length (traditionally the standard unit of English long measure) equal to three feet or thirty-six inches. (See quot. 1867.) Also the corresponding measure of area ( square yard = 9 square feet) or of solidity ( cubic yard = 27 cubic feet).The earlier standard was the ell = 45 inches (ulna in Stat. de Pistoribus, 13th cent.); this was succeeded by the verge (1353) Act 27 Edw. III, stat. 2, c. 10), of which yard is the English equivalent.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > yard
yard1377
stoke1538
yardel1804
stretch1811
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 214 Thanne drowe I me amonges draperes my donet to lerne,..Amonge þe riche rayes I rendred a lessoun, To broche hem with a pak-nedle..And put hem in a presse and pynned hem þerinne, Tyl ten ȝerdes or twelue hadde tolled out threttene.
1426–7 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 64 For v ȝerdis and a half of grene bokeram iij s. iij d.
1496–7 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 32 An Awlter cloth..conteynyng in lengthe iij yardes di.
1518 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 152 A gowne of vi brode yardes at vjs the yard xxxvjs.
1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor i. iii. 37 I am two yards In the wast.
1617 J. Taylor Three Weekes Obseruations E 4 b I bought..a yard and halfe of pudding for fiue pence.
1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 78 One hundred of Lathes will cover six yards of seeling, and lathing is worth six pence the yard.
1780 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 2) IV. i. 21 Sir James could obtain but 40s. a yard square for the cupola of St. Paul's.
1825 W. Scott Betrothed vii, in Tales Crusaders I. 123 Sir Cook, let me have half a yard or so of broiled beef.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 145 When penny magazines shall have superseded penny yards of song.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxxv. 353 Mrs. Perch..has made the tour of the establishment, and priced the silks and damasks by the yard.
1867 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. I. i. §407 The British standard of length is the Imperial Yard, defined as the distance between two marks on a certain metallic bar, preserved in the Tower of London, when the whole has a temperature of 60° Fahrenheit.
1896 Law Times Rep. 73 615/1 The railway line..was perfectly straight for a distance of over 700 yards.
figurative.1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie iv. 27–31 We imagine God to be lyke our selues, & we measure him by our owne yard.a1626 F. Bacon Office of Alienations in Wks. XIII. 376 A peer, a counsellor, and a judge are not to be measured by the common yard.
b. Vaguely, hyperbolically, or figuratively. by the yard: at great length, without end; also, of books or paintings: bought by quantity or size rather than for quality.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > yard > vaguely
yardc1405
the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > a great quantity, amount, or degree [phrase] > in large quantities
by (also at, in) wholesale1417
in great1447
by greatc1475
by the whole1592
by the yard1845
in block1870
in bulk1908
like peas1959
the world > relative properties > quantity > [phrase] > bought by quantity rather than for quality
by the yard1933
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 192 Hir yelow heer was broyded in a tresse Bihynde hir bak a yerde long.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Godiva in Poems (new ed.) II. 113 His beard a foot before him, and his hair A yard behind.
a1843 R. Southey Common-place Bk. (1849) 2nd Ser. 209/1 Latinisms,—yard-and-half-long words.
1845 J. W. Turner Razor Strop Man 3 He was spinning poetical rhyme by the yard; Had Shakespear been living 'twould astonish'd the bard.
1853 ‘C. Bede’ Adventures Mr. Verdant Green viii. 69 Spit us out a yard or two more, Gig-lamps.
1869 ‘W. Bradwood’ The O.V.H. v He..could talk by the yard of what little he did know.
1881 H. James Portrait of Lady III. iv. 57 He had a face a yard long; I wondered what ailed him.
1900 E. Glyn Visits of Elizabeth (1906) 117 I danced it with some idiot who almost at once let yards and yards of my gauze frills get torn.
1933 J. Betjeman Ghastly Good Taste i. 12 The old books..can be sold..by the yard to America as wall decoration.
1976 ‘O. Bleeck’ No Questions Asked ii. 29 He bought fine paintings by the yard and rare books by the case.
c. yard of ale, etc., a deep slender glass for liquor, or the amount of liquor contained in it. yard of clay ( clay yard), a long clay tobacco-pipe. yard of satin (slang), a glass of gin (see satin n. 5). yard of tin, a coachman's horn.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [noun] > pipe > clay-pipe > long
churchwarden's pipe1832
churchwarden1840
long clay1841
yard of clay1842
churchwarden pipe1860
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun] > amount of drink > in vessel
pot1583
wassail-bowl1606
pottle1632
gyle-ker1775
yard of ale1872
yard-glass1882
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > [noun] > specific quantity of
cue1603
cee1605
jug?1635
gun1674
ale kilderkin1704
swank1726
nip1736
pint1742
pt.1850
yard of ale1872
square1882
half1888
butcher1889
rabbit1895
rigger1911
sleever1936
tank1936
middy1941
tallboy1956
tube1969
tinnie1974
society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > post-horn
post-horna1652
yard of tin1903
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > horn > [noun] > post
post-horna1652
mail horn1850
yard of tin1903
1828 W. T. Moncrieff Tom & Jerry iii. vi Log. The haberdasher is..the spirit-merchant,..and tape the commodity he deals in..white is Max, and red is Cognac. Jerry. Then give me a yard and a half of red.]
1842 Punch 2 23 His Highness condescendingly indulged in a pot of half-and-half and a yard of clay.
1866 Lond. Misc. 19 May 235/2 The stolidity of a mynheer smoking his clay yard.
1872 Notes & Queries 4th Ser. X. 49 At the annual Vinis, or feast, of the mock corporation of Hanley (Staffordshire), the initiation of each member, in 1783, consisted in his swearing fealty to the body, and drinking a yard of wine—i.e., a pint of port or sherry out of a glass one yard in length.
1899 Notes & Queries 9th Ser. 3 97/1 The (disused and probably illegal) ‘yard’ of ale. This is a measure a yard long, holding, I should fancy, more than a pint.
1902 Tatler 8 Jan. 52 A ‘Yard of Ale’ Glass. It is 38 in. high and contains two pints of ale.
1903 C. G. Harper Stage-coach & Mail I. xii. 279 That instrument [sc. the key-bugle] came over from Germany in 1818, and for a time pretty thoroughly displaced the old ‘yard of tin’ the earlier guards had blown so lustily.
d. In Building: yard of lime, yard of mortar, yard of stone, etc.: see quots.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > [noun] > cubic yard
yard of lime1851
1851 W. Laxton Builder's Price Bk. 9 27 cubic feet, or 1 cubic yard, contains 21 striked bushels, which is considered a single load.
1851 W. Laxton Builder's Price Bk. 12 A rod of brickwork requires 1½ cubic yard of chalk lime, and 3 single loads or yards of drift.
1881 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) at Perch A standard perch being taken as 21 ft. (or 16½ ft.) long, 18 ins. high, and 12 ins. thick. This is about ‘a yard of stone’, or a ton, or a horse-load.
1892 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) Yard of Lime; or load. In 1750 it was equal to 30 or 32 bushels.
10.
a. In full yard of land (Old English gyrd landes = Latin virgata terræ): An area of land of varying extent according to the locality, but most frequently 30 acres: commonly taken as = a fourth of a hide. See also yardland n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of area > [noun] > a system or process of measuring land > hide > quarter hide or virgate
yard688
yardland14..
verge of land1467
farthing1602
virgate1655
688–95 Laws Ine (Liebermann) cxi Gif mon geþingað gyrde landes [Quadripartitus uirgata terre] oþþe mare to rædegafole & geereð, gif se hlaford him wile þæt land aræran to weorce & to gafole, ne þearf he him onfon, gif he him nan botl ne selð, & þolie þara æcra.
937 in Earle LandCharters (1888) 322 Þis synd þære anre gyrde landgemæro æt æschyrste þe gebyrað into þære hyde æt toppeshamme.
978–992 Charter of Oswald in Kemble Cod. Dipl. III. 263 Landes sumne dæl ðæt syndon .iii. hida æt Bradingcotan and an gyrd æt Genenofre.
a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1085 Swa swyðe nearwelice he hit lett ut aspyrian, þæt næs an ælpig hide ne an gyrde landes..þæt næs gesæt on his gewrite.
c1450 Godstow Reg. 559 A Charter..confermyng to ser Iohn Trillawe..and to Edmond Mabaunke, v. mesis, viij. yerdis of lond.
a1500 Walter of Henley's Husbandry (Sloane) (1890) 44 iiij acres makithe a yerde of londe and v yerdis makithe a hyde off lande.
1534 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 307 Seased..of and in a messe half a yard of land a closse called Grymes closse..in thyngden.
1567 in F. J. Baigent Coll. Rec. & Documents Crondal (1891) 163 One yarde of customary lande,..graunted to and with the said messuage or messuages.
1618 Court-roll Great Waltham Manor Ad tres rodas prati, parcellam de Alizaunder's yardland,..et ad unam croftam terre..parcell. unius virgate terre vocat. Alisaunder's yarde.
b. An area of land of the extent of a quarter of an acre, being, theoretically, a strip of land bounded by a ‘yard’ (sense 8) and a furlong, i.e. 5½ × 220 yards; a rood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of area > [noun] > a system or process of measuring land > an acre > quarter acre or rood
roodlOE
rod1449
yardc1450
particate1489
farthingdeal1543
yardland1543
stang1570
farthing-land1602
ferling1695
c1450 Godstow Reg. 290 v acris and a yerd of his arable lond.
1613 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/5) One acer of land and iij yeardes & viij pearches.
1726 in W. Wing Ann. Steeple Aston (1875) 54 Fourth part of an acre of meadow ground, called a yerd.
1893 M. H. A. Stapleton Three Oxfordshire Parishes 309 A yard is a fourth part of a lot..An acre is a lot.
†11.
a. The virile member, penis; also = phallus n. 1 (So Latin virga.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > sex organs > male sex organs > [noun] > penis
weapona1000
tarsec1000
pintleOE
cock?c1335
pillicock?c1335
yard1379
arrowa1382
looma1400
vergea1400
instrumentc1405
fidcocka1475
privya1500
virile member (or yard)?1541
prickc1555
tool1563
pillock1568
penis1578
codpiece1584
needle1592
bauble1593
dildo1597
nag1598
virility1598
ferret1599
rubigo?a1600
Jack1604
mentula1605
virge1608
prependent1610
flute1611
other thing1628
engine1634
manhood1640
cod1650
quillity1653
rammer1653
runnion1655
pego1663
sex1664
propagator1670
membrum virile1672
nervea1680
whore-pipe1684
Roger1689
pudding1693
handle?1731
machine1749
shaft1772
jock1790
poker1811
dickyc1815
Johnny?1833
organ1833
intromittent apparatus1836
root1846
Johnson1863
Peter1870
John Henry1874
dickc1890
dingusc1890
John Thomasc1890
old fellowc1890
Aaron's rod1891
dingle-dangle1893
middle leg1896
mole1896
pisser1896
micky1898
baby-maker1902
old man1902
pecker1902
pizzle1902
willy1905
ding-dong1906
mickey1909
pencil1916
dingbatc1920
plonkerc1920
Johna1922
whangera1922
knob1922
tube1922
ding1926
pee-pee1927
prong1927
pud1927
hose1928
whang1928
dong1930
putz1934
porkc1935
wiener1935
weenie1939
length1949
tadger1949
winkle1951
dinger1953
winky1954
dork1961
virilia1962
rig1964
wee-wee1964
Percy1965
meat tool1966
chopper1967
schlong1967
swipe1967
chode1968
trouser snake1968
ding-a-ling1969
dipstick1970
tonk1970
noonies1972
salami1977
monkey1978
langer1983
wanker1987
1379 MS Gloucester Cathedral 19 No. 1. i. iii. f. 5 [The urine] passith out by the ȝerde.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xvii. 11 Ȝe shulen circumside the flehs of the ferthermore parti of ȝoure ȝeerde.
a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 92 I haue oft tyme sene puluis grecus for to availe in þe cancre of a mannez ȝerde.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 661 Boy. Loues her by the foote. Dum. He may not by the yarde . View more context for this quotation
1607 G. Markham Cavelarice i. 23 You must haue care that your stallions yarde be al of one colour.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage vi. iv. 479 This yard, which they called Phallus, was vsually made of Figge-tree.
1693 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 420 A monstrous child..It hath three yards and he makes use of them all at once.
1748 tr. Vegetius Of Distempers Horses 87 His Yard drops Matter.
1884 J. Payne tr. Tales from Arabic I. 30 Aboulhusn..abode naked, with his yard and his arse exposed.
in extended use.1683 A. Snape Anat. Horse iii. v. 114 It [sc. the pineal gland] is also called the Yard or Prick of the Brain..because it resembleth a Man's Yard.
†b. = pintle-fish n. at pintle n. Compounds. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun]
whalec950
tumbrelc1300
sprout1340
squame1393
codmop1466
whitefish1482
lineshark?a1500
salen1508
glaucus1509
bretcock1522
warcodling1525
razor1530
bassinatc1540
goldeney1542
smy1552
maiden1555
grail1587
whiting1587
needle1589
pintle-fish1591
goldfish1598
puffin fish1598
quap1598
stork1600
black-tail1601
ellops1601
fork-fish1601
sea-grape1601
sea-lizard1601
sea-raven1601
barne1602
plosher1602
whale-mouse1607
bowman1610
catfish1620
hog1620
kettle-fish1630
sharpa1636
carda1641
housewifea1641
roucotea1641
ox-fisha1642
sea-serpent1646
croaker1651
alderling1655
butkin1655
shamefish1655
yard1655
sea-dart1664
sea-pelican1664
Negro1666
sea-parrot1666
sea-blewling1668
sea-stickling1668
skull-fish1668
whale's guide1668
sennet1671
barracuda1678
skate-bread1681
tuck-fish1681
swallowtail1683
piaba1686
pit-fish1686
sand-creeper1686
horned hog1702
soldier1704
sea-crowa1717
bran1720
grunter1726
calcops1727
bennet1731
bonefish1734
Negro fish1735
isinglass-fish1740
orb1740
gollin1747
smelt1776
night-walker1777
water monarch1785
hardhead1792
macaw-fish1792
yellowback1796
sea-raven1797
blueback1812
stumpnose1831
flat1847
butterfish1849
croppie1856
gubbahawn1857
silt1863
silt-snapper1863
mullet-head1866
sailor1883
hogback1893
skipper1898
stocker1904
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xviii. 174 Colybdænæ. Yards or shamefishes..Gesner..saith that the French men call this fish the Asses-prick, and Dr Wotton termeth it grosly the Pintle fish.
1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 232 Yards..Are as agreeable to weake stomacks as Crabs, Shrimps, and Crevises.
12. U.S. slang. One hundred dollars; one thousand dollars; a bill for this amount.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > specific sums of money > a hundred dollars
century1859
yard1926
society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > specific sums of money > a thousand dollars
grand1915
thousand1919
yard1926
G1928
dime1958
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > paper money > foreign banknotes > [noun] > U.S. > thousand-dollar bill
yard1926
1926 Amer. Mercury Dec. 465/2 One hundred dollars is a century or a yard.
1929 C. F. Coe Hooch! vi. 130 He slips him $300 an' promises him $700 more if they'll spring him... Baldy..promises to come right to me for the seven yards that make the grand.
1932 Amer. Speech 7 118 Yard,..a thousand-dollar bill.
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §18.5 (One) G, -gee or grand, thou, (one) yard, one thousand.
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §467.2 One C, yard, a hundred dollars.
1979 V. Patrick Pope of Greenwich Village vii. 70 You throw a hundred to the guy who makes the loan... He writes the loan for thirteen hundred, you take twelve, and a yard goes south to him.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a. (In sense 5.)
yard-mast n.
ΚΠ
1579–80 T. North tr. Plutarch Lives (1595) 1000 They sawe the threescore shippes of Cleopatra busie about their yard-masts, and hoysing saile to flie.
yard-tackle n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > tackle or purchase > [noun] > for raising or lowering yards
jeer1495
yard-tackle1867
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Yard-tackles, tackles attached to the fore and main yards..whereby..the boats..are hoisted in and out.
b. (In sense 9.)
(a)
yard-band n.
ΚΠ
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Yerd-band, a rod of a yard in length. ‘The Ladies yerd-band’, the belt of Orion.
yard-glass n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun] > amount of drink > in vessel
pot1583
wassail-bowl1606
pottle1632
gyle-ker1775
yard of ale1872
yard-glass1882
the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun] > glass
glassc888
verrea1382
Venice glass1527
rummer1625
bottle glass1626
Malaga glassa1627
flute1649
flute-glass1668
long glass1680
mum-glass1684
toasting glass1703
wine glass1709
tulip-glass1755
tun-glass1755
water glass1779
tumbler-glass1795
Madeira glass1801
tumbling glass1803
noggin glass1805
champagne glass1815
table glass1815
balloon glass1819
copita1841
firing glass1842
nobbler1842
thimble glass1843
wine1848
liqueur-glass1850
straw-stem1853
pokal1854
goblet1856
mousseline1862
pony glass1862
long-sleever1872
cocktail glass1873
champagne flute1882
yard-glass1882
sleever1896
tea-glass1898
liqueur1907
dock-glass1911
toast-master glass1916
Waterford1916
stem-glass1922
Pilsner glass1923
Amen glass1924
ballon1930
balloon goblet1931
thistle glass1935
snifter1937
balloon1951
shot-glass1955
handle1956
tulip1961
schooner1967
champagne fountain1973
1882 Notes & Queries 6th Ser. V. 456/1 The expense of 7s. 6d. was not his main reason for the non-replacement of the absent yard-glass.
yard-length n.
ΚΠ
1843 J. Ward Borough of Stoke-upon-Trent 367 The drinking off a yard-length-glass of ale at a single draught.
yard-rule n.
(b)
yard-broad adj.
ΚΠ
1711 Act 10 Anne c. 18 §104 All such Callicoes..which shall be within One Eighth Part of a Yard of Yard broad..shall pay as Yard broad.
Thesaurus »
yard-deep adj.
yard-long adj.
ΚΠ
a1711 T. Ken Edmund in Wks. (1721) II. ii. 52 In Ewen Bows they Yard long Arrows shot.
1798 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1799) 2 276 A rope of yard-long words.
1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel I. i. 16 A nod of his yard-long visage.
1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 171 A yard-long dog~fish was dropped into..the boat.
yard-square adj.
ΚΠ
1799 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1800) 3 388 Their yard-square towels.
yard-thick adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > thickness > [adjective] > having (specific) thickness
thickc893
yard-thick1901
1901 K. Steuart By Allan Water i. 1 Yard-thick walls bear testimony to its own great age.
yard-wide adj.
ΚΠ
1766 W. Gordon Gen. Counting-house 427 1 piece yard-wide quilt.
1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. xiv. 106 The practice, in retail linen-drapers' shops, of calling certain articles yard-wide when the real width is, perhaps, only seven-eighths or three-quarters.
1865 B. Brierley Irkdale I. 9 Newspapers in his ‘yardwide days’, as he would term the period of his earliest acquaintance with manhood.
1893 Lady 17 Aug. 173/2 The yard-wide tweed usually sold for trousers.
c. (In sense 11.)
(a)
yard-ball n.
ΚΠ
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis sig. A4 Yard-bals or Bels hung 'twixt the flesh and skin.
yard-mattering n.
ΚΠ
1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum Yard-mattering, a Distemper in Horses.
yard-syringe n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for applying medicaments > [noun] > syringe > syringe for specific part
metrenchyte1583
otenchyte1601
yard-syringe1694
womb syringe1700
stomach-syringe1825
1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ix. 589/1 Make an Injection into the Yard, with a proper Yard-Syring.
(b)
yard-fallen n.
ΚΠ
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) Yard-fallen, a term..to express a malady to which horses are sometimes subject, which is the hanging down of the penis from its sheath.., the creature not being able to draw it up again.
C2. Also yardarm n., yard-measure n., yard-rope n., yard-wand n.
yard-coal n. a seam of coal a yard thick.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > [noun] > stratum or bed > of coal > type of coal seam
foot coal1665
foot-rid1665
top coal1803
ten-yard coal1839
rider1840
ten-foot coal1855
top-hard1855
yard-coal1855
yard-seam1862
guide seam1867
main1867
bank1881
rearer1883
thick coal1883
thick seam1883
thin seam1883
1855 J. Phillips Man. Geol. 188 Yard coal. 3 feet.
† yard-fell n. Obsolete the foreskin.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [noun] > glans penis > integument of
filmOE
circumcisea1325
prepucya1382
yard-fella1382
preputiuma1400
prepuce?a1425
pintle end?c1475
foreskin1535
sheath1555
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. iv. 4 Ȝerde felles.
yard goods n. fabric sold by the yard.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > to be sold by the yard
yard goods1941
1941 L. I. Wilder Little Town on Prairie v. 33 He'll get most of the trade in yard goods, with somebody there in the store making them up into shirts.
1964 M. Laurence Stone Angel iv. 113 At the back was the section where yard-goods were sold, and ladies' and children's ready-to-wear garments hanging dejectedly on racks.
1982 S. T. Haymon Ritual Murder xix. 134 Patter of the travelling men who sold crockery and yard goods.
yard-seam n. = yard-coal n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > [noun] > stratum or bed > of coal > type of coal seam
foot coal1665
foot-rid1665
top coal1803
ten-yard coal1839
rider1840
ten-foot coal1855
top-hard1855
yard-coal1855
yard-seam1862
guide seam1867
main1867
bank1881
rearer1883
thick coal1883
thick seam1883
thin seam1883
1862 Times 21 Jan. Strong active relays of pitmen and miners can soon clear the shaft from the yard-seam.
yard-work n. = yardage n.2 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > mining > [noun] > other specific mining processes > in coal-mining
outstroke1747
holing1841
coal-cutting1842
patio1845
sumping1849
bottoming1856
salting1856
patio process1862
spragging1865
yardage1877
booming1880
brushing1883
filling1883
sounding1883
yard-work1883
blanketing1884
goafing1888
freezing process1889
power loading1901
bashing1905
rock dusting1915
mucking1918
solid stowing1929
stone-dusting1930
roof bolting1949
rock bolting1955
1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Yard Work,..synonymous with yardage.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

yardv.1

Brit. /jɑːd/, U.S. /jɑrd/
Etymology: < yard n.1
Chiefly North American.
1.
a. transitive. To enclose (cattle, etc.) in a yard. Also with up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > herding, pasturing, or confining > [verb (transitive)] > drive or put into enclosure
parc1300
foldc1440
house1578
pinfold1605
pen1607
enfold?1611
impen?1623
to get in1698
weara1724
yard1758
to run in1837
corral1847
paddock1847
kraal1865
1758 in Essex Inst. Hist. Coll. (1874) XII. 140 The Dutch here have a nasty practice of yarding their cows in ye Street before their doors.
1826 J. Atkinson Acct. Agric. & Grazing New S. Wales 66 When they seem pretty well reconciled to the place, they are bedded out one night, and yarded the next.
1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. at (cited word) To confine cattle to the yard; as, to yard cows. (A farmer's word.)
1840 J. Buel Farmer's Compan. (ed. 2) 68 The cattle should be kept constantly yarded in winter.
1855 Poultry Chron. 3 201 An old Creeper hen that had been yarded with the Chittagong rooster.
1859 H. Kingsley Recoll. G. Hamlyn xxxi Well, lad, suppose we yard these rams?
1865 Tucker Austral. Story 108 In the act of rounding some cattle for the purpose of yarding them.
1885 H. Finch-Hatton Advance Australia! 83 Seven or eight men were yarding up a mob of cattle.
1930 V. Palmer Men are Human xxi. 192 The horses had already been yarded.
b. To store up (wood) in a yard.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > storage > store [verb (transitive)] > in specific place
house1439
garner1474
loft1518
cellar1550
pantry1637
warehouse1799
yard1878
dump1956
1878 Lumberman's Gaz. Jan. 12 The logs which have been yarded or piled up in the woods.
1903 Windsor Mag. Sept. 405/2 They [sc. beavers] commence to build their houses and yard-up wood for the winter in September.
c. To shoot deer in their yards.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting specific animals > [verb (transitive)] > hunt deer > other deer-hunting actions
strikea1400
rechasea1450
harbour1531
lodge1575
blanch1592
fresh find1811
withe1839
flag1884
yarda1891
a1891 Tribune Bk. Sports 432 (Cent. D.) ‘Pot-hunters’ have other methods of shooting the Adirondack deer, such as yarding and establishing salt licks.
2. intransitive. Of moose, etc.: To resort to winter quarters (see yard n.1 5). Also with up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > family Cervidae (deer) > [verb (intransitive)] > actions of deer
fray1575
strain1575
yard1848
misprint1904
1848 ‘F. Forester’ Field Sports U.S. & Brit. Provinces Amer. II. 224 Here it [sc. the moose] still breeds, and yards in winter.
1874 W. Stamer Gentleman Emigrant I. 293 The caribou do not yard. They winter it out on the bogs.
1894 Cent. Mag. Jan. 354 They do not..yard up until the deep snow comes.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

yardv.2

Brit. /jɑːd/, U.S. /jɑrd/, Manx English /jɑːd/, /jæːd/
Etymology: < yard n.2 In sense 1 used to render Manx slattys, < slat rod, wand of authority.
1. transitive. In the Isle of Man, to summon for hiring: used of the hiring of servants by the coroner of a sheading on behalf of those entitled to a prior claim for their services at a low wage.
ΘΠ
society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [verb (transitive)] > hire or employ > summon for hiring
yard1662
1662 in M. A. Mills Stat. Laws I. of Man (1821) 116 That the Coroners of this Isle, who..by Statute have had the Benefit of yarding of three Servants within their Sheading,..shall for the future have but the Benefit of one yarded Servant.
1667 in M. A. Mills Stat. Laws I. of Man (1821) 138 The Wages mentioned in the said Statute was only intended for such Servants as were made by Jurys and Yarding.
a1731 G. Waldron Descr. Isle of Man 140 in Compl. Wks. (1731) If any Man or Maid-Servant be esteemed extraordinary in their Way, either he [sc. the lord's steward], the Governour, or the two Deempsters have the Power to oblige such a Servant to live with them for the Space of a Year, and receive no more than six Shillings for their Service during the said Time. This they call Yarding.
a1731 G. Waldron Descr. Isle of Man 141 in Compl. Wks. (1731) All Servants who have any Apprehensions of being Yarded.
1892 Denham Tracts I. 199 The old privilege of yarding, given by ancient customary law to the Lords, Deemsters, and Chief Officers in the island.
2. To furnish with sailyards.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > build a ship [verb (transitive)] > fit out or equip > rig > furnish with yards
yard1676
1676 T. Miller Compl. Modellist Index In the second Page is shewed a Rule for Masting and Yarding.
1705 London Gaz. No. 4117/4 Easy Directions to Build, Rigg, Yard, and Mast any Ship.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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