wriden.

Brit.

/rʌɪd/, U.S.

/raɪd/

Forms:

α. early Old English uuryd, Old English–early Middle English wrid, late Old English wrið, Middle English voride (transmission error), Middle English–1500s 1700s– wride.

β. 1600s– ride, 1800s rithe (English regional (Yorkshire)).

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with German regional (Low German: Schleswig-Holstein) Wried , Wriet clump of shoots growing together, tangled branches, brushwood, and (with different ablaut (o -grade) and stem class) West Frisian wreid sprout, shoot < the same Germanic base as wride v.Compare also (with different ablaut: zero-grade) prefixed Old English gewrid thicket; English regional (Yorkshire) writh stalk of a potato plant (1824) appears to show the reflex of a form with the same stem vowel (with the sense compare quot. 1828).

Now rare (English regional in later use).

A shoot, stalk, or stem of a plant; a clump of shoots or plants growing together; (in later use) spec. a cluster of stems growing from the rootstock of a coppiced tree.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > shoot, sprout, or branch > [noun]

sproteeOE

wiseOE

spronkOE

wrideOE

brodc1175

wanda1300

breerc1320

scion?c1335

spraya1387

spriga1398

springa1400

sprouta1400

spiringc1400

shoota1450

youngling1559

forth-growing1562

spirk1565

sprouting1578

surcle1578

chive1583

chit1601

spurt1601

sprit1622

germen1628

spurge1630

spirt1634

brairding1637

springet1640

set1658

shrubble1674

underling1688

sobolesa1722

branchlet1731

springlet1749

sproutling1749

sprang1847

shootlet1889

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) ci. 148 Genim þas ylcan wyrte serpillum & æscþrote anne wrid.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. l. 207 Heere is an helful thyng, a wondir wride.

c1450 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Bodl. Add.) Tab. p. xxvii Letuce with other herbes in a wride [?1440 Fitzw. voride].

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 743 The Franke Ozier hath no great stemme, but only a great wride or head neare the ground.

1615 Coll. Med. Eng. Climat in T. Bright Treat. Sufficiencie Eng. Med. (ed. 2) 110 Take the rides of very sharp Radish an ounce,..stamp them well, and macerate them..in..white-wine.

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ 275 A Ride of Hazel, or such like Wood, is a whole plump of Sprigs or Frith, growing out of the same Root.

1790 Jackson's Oxf. Jrnl. 21 Aug. 3/2 From a single oat.—One hundred, and thirty three wrides, or stalks.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Rithes, the stalks of potatoes.

1862 Q. Rev. Apr. 313 A wride of hazel [in Dorset dialect] is all the stems that grow from one root; a hazel-bush may contain many wrides.

1868 R. W. Huntley Gloss. Cotswold (Gloucs.) Dial. 58 Ride, a rootstock in coppice.

1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia 177 Ride, the quantity of wood growing from one stub.

1974 W. Leeds Herefordshire Speech 88 Rides, several tree trunks growing out from one root.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

† wridev.

Forms:

α. Old English wridan, Old English wridian, Middle English wride; English regional (south-western) 1800s wrede (Somerset), 1800s wredy (Somerset), 1800s wreedy (Devon), 1800s wride.

β. Old English wriðan, Old English wriðian, Middle English wrythe.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a word inherited from Germanic. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: wride n.

Etymology: A merging of two distinct but closely related words: (i) an Old English strong verb of Class I (wrīdan , wrīþan ), cognate with (now weak) German regional (Low German: Schleswig-Holstein) wrieden , wrieten to grow bushy < a Germanic base of uncertain origin, probably originally the same base as writhe v., with the sense development from ‘to twist, turn’ via ‘to intertwine’ to ‘to produce many intertwining shoots’ and ‘to grow, flourish’ (compare the parallel semantic development of Lithuanian riesti to grow vigorously (basic sense ‘to bend, curve, warp’: see writhe v.)); and (ii) an Old English weak verb of Class II (wrīdian , wrīþian ) < wride n. (and hence ultimately < the same Germanic base). Compare also West Frisian wreidzje to grow, sprout, spread, representing a more recent denominal formation < wreid sprout, shoot (see wride n.).The consonantal variation seen in Old English (in both strong and weak verb) between dental plosive (d ) and dental fricative (þ/ð ) is most likely the result of different levelling in the principal parts of the Germanic strong verb, which would originally have shown the effects of Verner's Law (compare e.g. lithe v.¹, scrithe v., snithe v. for verbs of the same class with the same consonantism, in which the Verner's Law alternation is continued in Old English). In Old English, forms with d are more frequent than forms with þ/ð for both the strong and the weak verb. The final -y in English regional (south-western) wredy, wreedy at α. forms reflects the Old English weak Class II ending (see -y suffix²). Prefixed forms. In Old English the prefixed form (of the weak verb) gewrīdian to grow, multiply, flourish (compare y- prefix) is also attested; compare also awrīdian to spring from, originate (compare a- prefix¹). N.E.D. (1928) gives the pronunciation as (rəid) /raɪd/.

Obsolete (English regional (south-western) in later use).

intransitive. Of a plant: to produce many shoots; to grow, flourish; to spread. Also in extended use. Cf. wride n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > sprout or put forth new growth

spriteOE

wrideOE

brodc1175

comea1225

spirec1325

chicka1400

sprouta1400

germin?1440

germ1483

chip?a1500

spurgea1500

to put forth1530

shootc1560

spear1570

stock1574

chit1601

breward1609

pullulate1618

ysproutc1620

egerminate1623

put1623

germinate1626

sprent1647

fruticate1657

stalk1666

tiller1677

breerc1700

fork1707

to put out1731

stool1770

sucker1802

stir1843

push1855

braird1865

fibre1869

flush1877

α.

OE tr. Alexander's Let. to Aristotle (1995) §12. 232 Abies þæt treowcyn ungemetlicre gryto & micelnysse þy clyfe weox & wridode.

OE Genesis A (1931) 1532 Weaxað and wridað..; æðelum fyllað eowre fromcynne foldan sceatas, teamum and tudre.

?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford Chron. (1996) II. l. 25046 Euer vnto hautes and pride In þam biginnes to spred and wride.

1825 J. Jennings Observ. Dial. W. Eng. 84 Wride, to spread abroad; to expand.

1848 W. Barnes Gloss. Dorset Dial. (at cited word) The wheat da wride out well.

1873 W. P. Williams & W. A. Jones Gloss. Somersetshire Wrede, to spread abroad, as wheat is said to wrede when several stalks shoot out of the ground from a single grain... Wride, to stretch, to expand.

1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. at Wredy Rollin's a fine thing for young wheat, 'bout makin' o' it wredy.

β. OE Genesis A (1931) 1702 Weox þa under wolcnum and wriðade mægburh Semes.OE Genesis A (1931) 1762 Wriðende sceal mægðe þinre monrim wesan swiðe under swegle sunum and dohtrum.c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 4322 (MED) Latt no wykkyde wede waxe ne wrythe one this erthe.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	wride
释义	wriden. Brit. /rʌɪd/, U.S. /raɪd/ Forms: α. early Old English uuryd, Old English–early Middle English wrid, late Old English wrið, Middle English voride (transmission error), Middle English–1500s 1700s– wride. β. 1600s– ride, 1800s rithe (English regional (Yorkshire)). Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with German regional (Low German: Schleswig-Holstein) Wried , Wriet clump of shoots growing together, tangled branches, brushwood, and (with different ablaut (o -grade) and stem class) West Frisian wreid sprout, shoot < the same Germanic base as wride v.Compare also (with different ablaut: zero-grade) prefixed Old English gewrid thicket; English regional (Yorkshire) writh stalk of a potato plant (1824) appears to show the reflex of a form with the same stem vowel (with the sense compare quot. 1828). Now rare (English regional in later use). A shoot, stalk, or stem of a plant; a clump of shoots or plants growing together; (in later use) spec. a cluster of stems growing from the rootstock of a coppiced tree. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > shoot, sprout, or branch > [noun] sproteeOE wiseOE spronkOE wrideOE brodc1175 wanda1300 breerc1320 scion?c1335 spraya1387 spriga1398 springa1400 sprouta1400 spiringc1400 shoota1450 youngling1559 forth-growing1562 spirk1565 sprouting1578 surcle1578 chive1583 chit1601 spurt1601 sprit1622 germen1628 spurge1630 spirt1634 brairding1637 springet1640 set1658 shrubble1674 underling1688 sobolesa1722 branchlet1731 springlet1749 sproutling1749 sprang1847 shootlet1889 OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) ci. 148 Genim þas ylcan wyrte serpillum & æscþrote anne wrid. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. l. 207 Heere is an helful thyng, a wondir wride. c1450 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Bodl. Add.) Tab. p. xxvii Letuce with other herbes in a wride [?1440 Fitzw. voride]. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 743 The Franke Ozier hath no great stemme, but only a great wride or head neare the ground. 1615 Coll. Med. Eng. Climat in T. Bright Treat. Sufficiencie Eng. Med. (ed. 2) 110 Take the rides of very sharp Radish an ounce,..stamp them well, and macerate them..in..white-wine. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ 275 A Ride of Hazel, or such like Wood, is a whole plump of Sprigs or Frith, growing out of the same Root. 1790 Jackson's Oxf. Jrnl. 21 Aug. 3/2 From a single oat.—One hundred, and thirty three wrides, or stalks. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Rithes, the stalks of potatoes. 1862 Q. Rev. Apr. 313 A wride of hazel [in Dorset dialect] is all the stems that grow from one root; a hazel-bush may contain many wrides. 1868 R. W. Huntley Gloss. Cotswold (Gloucs.) Dial. 58 Ride, a rootstock in coppice. 1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia 177 Ride, the quantity of wood growing from one stub. 1974 W. Leeds Herefordshire Speech 88 Rides, several tree trunks growing out from one root. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). † wridev. Forms: α. Old English wridan, Old English wridian, Middle English wride; English regional (south-western) 1800s wrede (Somerset), 1800s wredy (Somerset), 1800s wreedy (Devon), 1800s wride. β. Old English wriðan, Old English wriðian, Middle English wrythe. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a word inherited from Germanic. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: wride n. Etymology: A merging of two distinct but closely related words: (i) an Old English strong verb of Class I (wrīdan , wrīþan ), cognate with (now weak) German regional (Low German: Schleswig-Holstein) wrieden , wrieten to grow bushy < a Germanic base of uncertain origin, probably originally the same base as writhe v., with the sense development from ‘to twist, turn’ via ‘to intertwine’ to ‘to produce many intertwining shoots’ and ‘to grow, flourish’ (compare the parallel semantic development of Lithuanian riesti to grow vigorously (basic sense ‘to bend, curve, warp’: see writhe v.)); and (ii) an Old English weak verb of Class II (wrīdian , wrīþian ) < wride n. (and hence ultimately < the same Germanic base). Compare also West Frisian wreidzje to grow, sprout, spread, representing a more recent denominal formation < wreid sprout, shoot (see wride n.).The consonantal variation seen in Old English (in both strong and weak verb) between dental plosive (d ) and dental fricative (þ/ð ) is most likely the result of different levelling in the principal parts of the Germanic strong verb, which would originally have shown the effects of Verner's Law (compare e.g. lithe v.¹, scrithe v., snithe v. for verbs of the same class with the same consonantism, in which the Verner's Law alternation is continued in Old English). In Old English, forms with d are more frequent than forms with þ/ð for both the strong and the weak verb. The final -y in English regional (south-western) wredy, wreedy at α. forms reflects the Old English weak Class II ending (see -y suffix²). Prefixed forms. In Old English the prefixed form (of the weak verb) gewrīdian to grow, multiply, flourish (compare y- prefix) is also attested; compare also awrīdian to spring from, originate (compare a- prefix¹). N.E.D. (1928) gives the pronunciation as (rəid) /raɪd/. Obsolete (English regional (south-western) in later use). intransitive. Of a plant: to produce many shoots; to grow, flourish; to spread. Also in extended use. Cf. wride n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > sprout or put forth new growth spriteOE wrideOE brodc1175 comea1225 spirec1325 chicka1400 sprouta1400 germin?1440 germ1483 chip?a1500 spurgea1500 to put forth1530 shootc1560 spear1570 stock1574 chit1601 breward1609 pullulate1618 ysproutc1620 egerminate1623 put1623 germinate1626 sprent1647 fruticate1657 stalk1666 tiller1677 breerc1700 fork1707 to put out1731 stool1770 sucker1802 stir1843 push1855 braird1865 fibre1869 flush1877 α. OE tr. Alexander's Let. to Aristotle (1995) §12. 232 Abies þæt treowcyn ungemetlicre gryto & micelnysse þy clyfe weox & wridode. OE Genesis A (1931) 1532 Weaxað and wridað..; æðelum fyllað eowre fromcynne foldan sceatas, teamum and tudre. ?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford Chron. (1996) II. l. 25046 Euer vnto hautes and pride In þam biginnes to spred and wride. 1825 J. Jennings Observ. Dial. W. Eng. 84 Wride, to spread abroad; to expand. 1848 W. Barnes Gloss. Dorset Dial. (at cited word) The wheat da wride out well. 1873 W. P. Williams & W. A. Jones Gloss. Somersetshire Wrede, to spread abroad, as wheat is said to wrede when several stalks shoot out of the ground from a single grain... Wride, to stretch, to expand. 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. at Wredy Rollin's a fine thing for young wheat, 'bout makin' o' it wredy. β. OE Genesis A (1931) 1702 Weox þa under wolcnum and wriðade mægburh Semes.OE Genesis A (1931) 1762 Wriðende sceal mægðe þinre monrim wesan swiðe under swegle sunum and dohtrum.c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 4322 (MED) Latt no wykkyde wede waxe ne wrythe one this erthe. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.OEv.OE
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