† wurtheadj.

Forms: early Old English wierðe, early Old English wierþe, early Old English werð- (Kentish, in derivatives), Old English werþ- (rare, in derivatives), Old English–early Middle English weorðe, Old English–early Middle English weorþe, Old English–early Middle English wirðe, Old English–early Middle English wurðe, Old English–early Middle English wurþe, Old English–early Middle English wyrðe, Old English–early Middle English (in copy of Old English charter) wyrþe, early Middle English wirþe (in copy of Old English charter), early Middle English worþe, early Middle English wrþe, early Middle English wurde.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: < the same Germanic base as worth adj., with a suffix causing i-mutation.In Old English a ja -stem, with final -e in uninflected forms. The expected forms are early West Saxon wierðe ( > late West Saxon wyrðe , wurðe ; with breaking of original i to io and subsequent i-mutation), Anglian and Kentish wyrðe (by retraction of i to u and subsequent i-mutation), later Kentish werðe . Forms such as Old English weorðe are apparently partly analogical to worth adj., and partly inverted spellings in texts showing non-West Saxon influence and in late West Saxon texts, but perhaps also sometimes show phonological development from early Old English io . Already in Old English, especially in inflected forms in late West Saxon, the word is sometimes difficult to distinguish from worth adj. and it has been suggested that they are partially merged. Some inflected forms with stem vowel eo in the sense ‘worthy, deserving’ perhaps show worth adj., but have been assigned to the present entry, because unambiguous forms of worth adj. in this sense do not appear to be attested. In early southern Middle English texts that largely retain final -e the word is still distinguishable from worth adj., but eventually merges with it. Some apparently disyllabic spellings with final -e may alternatively show worthy adj. The word is frequent as the second element in compounds; compare discussion at -worthy comb. form.

Obsolete.

1. Worthy, deserving. Frequently with infinitive expressing what one is worthy of being or doing.In Old English also with noun or pronoun as complement in the genitive. In quots. eOE¹ and lOE¹ in legal use in sense ‘entitled to’.In later use merging either with worth adj. or worthy adj.; cf. discussion in etymology section.

ΘΠ

society > morality > dueness or propriety > [adjective] > deserving (good or ill)

wurtheeOE

worthc1175

wrightfula1325

worthy1340

dignec1386

condigna1513

meritorious1561

meriting1605

eOE (Kentish) Will of Abba (Sawyer 1482) in N. P. Brooks & S. E. Kelly Charters of Christ Church Canterbury, Pt. 2 (2013) 663 Swæ forð min cynn ða hwile þe God wille ðæt ðeara ænig sie þe londes weorðe sie & land gehaldan cunne.

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xliv. 329 We magon geðencean hu micles wites ða beoð weorðe ðe oðre menn reafiað.

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxxiii. 227 [Se diobul] bit ðære tide, hwonne he ðæs wierðe sie ðæt he hine besuican mote.

OE Blickling Homilies 47 Þa lareowas beoþ syþþan domes wyrþe, gif hi nellaþ þæt folc læron þæt hi heora synna geswicon.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xix. 181 Micel mildheortnys þæs metodan drihtnes þæt we beon gecigede..ures scyppendes frynd.., we ðe næron wurðe beon his wealas gecigde.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) iii. 11 Se þe æfter me towerd ys he ys strengra þonne ic. Ðæs gescy neom ic wyrðe to berenne.

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1046 Swegn eorl..griðode wið þone cyng, & behet man him þet he moste wurðe [beon] ælc þæra þinga þe he ær ahte.

lOE Laws of Æðelred II (Rochester) iii. xiii. §1. 230 And gif hine man mid him befare, beon hig begen anes rihtes weorðe.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 59 Ic am wel wurðe ðat and more to þolien.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 32 Ȝef ich am wurðe to beon inblisse.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 11458 (MED) Þenne wule he liȝen, and suggen on him wurð-scipe mare þenne he beon wurðe.

a1300–1400 (a1268) H. Bracton De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae (1940) III. 71 He nis nocth othesworthe the is ene gilty of othbreche.

?1316 Short Metrical Chron. (Royal) (2002) 742 Afterward, ase he wes wurthe,..An abbot him remue wolde.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 890 Þe stude..me clupeþ..after him, vor he was so worþe man.

2. Deserved, merited.

ΘΠ

society > morality > dueness or propriety > [adjective] > that is due > deserved

wurthe?c1225

condign1413

meritory1523

meritorious1535

deserved1552

just1553

earned1559

merited1593

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 110 Wa we hit mote don as hit is ofte wurðe.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	wurthe
释义	† wurtheadj. Forms: early Old English wierðe, early Old English wierþe, early Old English werð- (Kentish, in derivatives), Old English werþ- (rare, in derivatives), Old English–early Middle English weorðe, Old English–early Middle English weorþe, Old English–early Middle English wirðe, Old English–early Middle English wurðe, Old English–early Middle English wurþe, Old English–early Middle English wyrðe, Old English–early Middle English (in copy of Old English charter) wyrþe, early Middle English wirþe (in copy of Old English charter), early Middle English worþe, early Middle English wrþe, early Middle English wurde. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: < the same Germanic base as worth adj., with a suffix causing i-mutation.In Old English a ja -stem, with final -e in uninflected forms. The expected forms are early West Saxon wierðe ( > late West Saxon wyrðe , wurðe ; with breaking of original i to io and subsequent i-mutation), Anglian and Kentish wyrðe (by retraction of i to u and subsequent i-mutation), later Kentish werðe . Forms such as Old English weorðe are apparently partly analogical to worth adj., and partly inverted spellings in texts showing non-West Saxon influence and in late West Saxon texts, but perhaps also sometimes show phonological development from early Old English io . Already in Old English, especially in inflected forms in late West Saxon, the word is sometimes difficult to distinguish from worth adj. and it has been suggested that they are partially merged. Some inflected forms with stem vowel eo in the sense ‘worthy, deserving’ perhaps show worth adj., but have been assigned to the present entry, because unambiguous forms of worth adj. in this sense do not appear to be attested. In early southern Middle English texts that largely retain final -e the word is still distinguishable from worth adj., but eventually merges with it. Some apparently disyllabic spellings with final -e may alternatively show worthy adj. The word is frequent as the second element in compounds; compare discussion at -worthy comb. form. Obsolete. 1. Worthy, deserving. Frequently with infinitive expressing what one is worthy of being or doing.In Old English also with noun or pronoun as complement in the genitive. In quots. eOE¹ and lOE¹ in legal use in sense ‘entitled to’.In later use merging either with worth adj. or worthy adj.; cf. discussion in etymology section. ΘΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [adjective] > deserving (good or ill) wurtheeOE worthc1175 wrightfula1325 worthy1340 dignec1386 condigna1513 meritorious1561 meriting1605 eOE (Kentish) Will of Abba (Sawyer 1482) in N. P. Brooks & S. E. Kelly Charters of Christ Church Canterbury, Pt. 2 (2013) 663 Swæ forð min cynn ða hwile þe God wille ðæt ðeara ænig sie þe londes weorðe sie & land gehaldan cunne. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xliv. 329 We magon geðencean hu micles wites ða beoð weorðe ðe oðre menn reafiað. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxxiii. 227 [Se diobul] bit ðære tide, hwonne he ðæs wierðe sie ðæt he hine besuican mote. OE Blickling Homilies 47 Þa lareowas beoþ syþþan domes wyrþe, gif hi nellaþ þæt folc læron þæt hi heora synna geswicon. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xix. 181 Micel mildheortnys þæs metodan drihtnes þæt we beon gecigede..ures scyppendes frynd.., we ðe næron wurðe beon his wealas gecigde. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) iii. 11 Se þe æfter me towerd ys he ys strengra þonne ic. Ðæs gescy neom ic wyrðe to berenne. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1046 Swegn eorl..griðode wið þone cyng, & behet man him þet he moste wurðe [beon] ælc þæra þinga þe he ær ahte. lOE Laws of Æðelred II (Rochester) iii. xiii. §1. 230 And gif hine man mid him befare, beon hig begen anes rihtes weorðe. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 59 Ic am wel wurðe ðat and more to þolien. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 32 Ȝef ich am wurðe to beon inblisse. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 11458 (MED) Þenne wule he liȝen, and suggen on him wurð-scipe mare þenne he beon wurðe. a1300–1400 (a1268) H. Bracton De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae (1940) III. 71 He nis nocth othesworthe the is ene gilty of othbreche. ?1316 Short Metrical Chron. (Royal) (2002) 742 Afterward, ase he wes wurthe,..An abbot him remue wolde. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 890 Þe stude..me clupeþ..after him, vor he was so worþe man. 2. Deserved, merited. ΘΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [adjective] > that is due > deserved wurthe?c1225 condign1413 meritory1523 meritorious1535 deserved1552 just1553 earned1559 merited1593 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 110 Wa we hit mote don as hit is ofte wurðe. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < adj.eOE
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