wursomn.

Brit.

/ˈwəːs(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈwərsəm/, Scottish English

/ˈwʌrsəm/

Forms:

α. early Old English uuorm (probably transmission error), early Old English uuorsin (transmission error), early Old English uuorsm, Old English worsm, Old English wursm, early Middle English wirrsenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English wrusm, Middle English ruse (probably transmission error), Middle English worsum, Middle English wrusum, Middle English wursum; English regional (northern) 1800s wirsom, 1800s wursum; Scottish pre-1700 uorsum, pre-1700 vorssum, pre-1700 wersun, pre-1700 wirsome, pre-1700 wirsum, pre-1700 woorsome, pre-1700 worsam, pre-1700 worsome, pre-1700 worssome, pre-1700 woursum, pre-1700 1800s worsum, pre-1700 1800s woursum, 1700s worsom, 1800s wursome, 1900s wissum, 1900s– wirsam Scottish English /ˈwɪrs(ə)m/, 1900s– wirsim, 1900s– wirsom, 1900s– wursam, 1900s– wursom, 1900s– wursum.

β. Old English worms, Old English wurms, Old English wyrms, Old English wyrs- (in a compound, perhaps transmission error), early Middle English wrums.

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item.

Etymology: Probably < a suffixed form of an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the Germanic base of Old High German warah (see ware n.⁶).In Old English usually a strong neuter (originally worsm ); occasionally also a strong masculine. Later forms in wur- show (typically late West Saxon) retraction of the stem vowel between w and r . The β. forms (which in Old English are more common) show metathesis of sm to ms , probably influenced by folk-etymological association with worm n. (perceived as a cause of disease); the form wyrms probably shows similar analogical influence. Some later α. forms in wir- may perhaps reflect a corresponding unattested Old English *wyrsm . The Middle English forms wrusm at α. forms and wrums at β. forms show (additional) metathesis of r . In wursom-mother n. at Compounds probably after the unattested Norn cognate of Faroese vágsmóðir , Norwegian vågmor , Swedish regional vågmor , in the same sense ( < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic vágr pus, (also) water, wave, creek, bay (see waw n.¹) + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic móðir mother n.¹); compare Orkney Scots vose-mither (1929).

Scottish and English regional (northern) in later use. Now rare.

Pus; purulent, infected, or rotten material.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun] > pus or matter

wursomeOE

yousterc725

warec1175

quittorc1300

corrumpciona1340

humour1340

atter1398

mattera1400

pus?a1425

filthiness1525

corruption1526

filth1561

gear1562

sanies1562

baggage1576

purulence1598

suppuration1601

lye1615

congestion1634

colluvies1651

collution1657

colloid1849

purulage1898

α.

eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 41 Pus, uuorsm [eOE Corpus Gloss. uuorm, eOE Erfurt Gloss. uuorsin].

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxxviii. 273 Hwæt we wieton ðæt sio diegle wund bið sarre ðonne sio opene, forðam ðæt worsm ðæt ðærinne gehweled bið, gif hit bið ut forlæten, ðonne bið sio wund geopenod to hælo ðæs sares.

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xx. 202 Gif þonne sio wund swiðe rotige þære lifre oþ þæt he þæt wursm of muðe hræce.

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) ix. 54 Binnan feagum tidum heo..þæt worsm [OE Hatton worms] ut atyhð.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4782 War. & wirrsenn toc anan Vt off hiss lic to flowenn.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 200 Mine wunden..gedereð neowe wursum [a1250 Nero wrusum] & feð on eft to rotien.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 239 Alþet fulðe schaweð him & wringeð ut þet wursum [a1250 Titus wirsum, a1400 Pepys ruse] bi foren al þe wide world.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11835 Ouer-al wrang vte worsum and ware, And wormes creuld here and þare.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. ix. 64 Thir wretchit mennis flesche, that is his fude, And drinkis worsum, and thair lopperit blude.

1597 in J. Stuart Misc. Spalding Club (1841) I. 93 Thow..keist witchecraft on the said cow,..that scho gewe no milk, bot..lyk wirsum or wenem.

1599 R. Rollock Certaine Serm. xi. 273 He hes not skunnerit..at thy worsum, bylis, and botchis.

1613 P. Forbes Comm. Rev. iv. 15 It is not mixed with bloud..much lesse with bloudy worsum.

1617 Despauterii Grammaticæ Institutionis Lib. VII (new ed.) iii. 75 Ut tabes, cum quo saniem sanguinemque corruptum significat, rotten and putrified blood, and worsome.

1716 J. Moncrief Poor Man's Physician 103 For Spitting of Worsom or filthy Matter.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Woursum, Worsum, purulent matter; S. pron. wursum.

1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) Wursum, pus; particularly when foul.

1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Wirsom, foul pus. Yorksh.

1853 W. Blair Chrons. Aberbrothock 70 She had a' rinnin' in her head, an' wanted a twa three bawbees to get saw to put till't to bring the wursome oot.

1914 J. S. Angus Gloss. Shetland Dial. 157 Wirsom, the thick fluid matter in a festering sore.

1972 J. Ross Select. Caithness Dial. Words in D. Omand Caithness Bk. 259 Wursum, the festering matter in a sore.

β. eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 363 Pus, worms.OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 83 Tabes wyrms [lOE Trin. Cambr. wurms, c1225 Worcester wrums].OE tr. Orosius Hist. (Tiber.) (1980) i. vii. 25 Þæt syxte [yfel] wæs þæt eall [þæt] folc wæs on blædran, & þa wæron swiðe hreowlice berstende, & þa worms utsionde.OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) 27 (table of contents) Wiþ þa gerynnincge þæs wormses ym þa breost.

Compounds

wursom-mother n. Scottish (Shetland and Orkney) the pus found in the centre of a boil.

ΚΠ

a1918 J. Jakobsen Etymol. Ordbog Norrøne Sprog Shetland (1921) 1011/1 Wirsam-midder, byldemoder, kœrne i en byld [‘boil-mother’, core of a boil].

1931 J. R. Nicolson Shetland Incidents & Tales xv. 103 For a suppurating sore the common application was a ‘waaverin leaf’..said to expedite the removal of ‘wirsim midder’.

1988 G. Lamb Orkney Wordbk. Wursam-mither, the core of a boil.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	wursom
释义	wursomn. Brit. /ˈwəːs(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈwərsəm/, Scottish English /ˈwʌrsəm/ Forms: α. early Old English uuorm (probably transmission error), early Old English uuorsin (transmission error), early Old English uuorsm, Old English worsm, Old English wursm, early Middle English wirrsenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English wrusm, Middle English ruse (probably transmission error), Middle English worsum, Middle English wrusum, Middle English wursum; English regional (northern) 1800s wirsom, 1800s wursum; Scottish pre-1700 uorsum, pre-1700 vorssum, pre-1700 wersun, pre-1700 wirsome, pre-1700 wirsum, pre-1700 woorsome, pre-1700 worsam, pre-1700 worsome, pre-1700 worssome, pre-1700 woursum, pre-1700 1800s worsum, pre-1700 1800s woursum, 1700s worsom, 1800s wursome, 1900s wissum, 1900s– wirsam Scottish English /ˈwɪrs(ə)m/, 1900s– wirsim, 1900s– wirsom, 1900s– wursam, 1900s– wursom, 1900s– wursum. β. Old English worms, Old English wurms, Old English wyrms, Old English wyrs- (in a compound, perhaps transmission error), early Middle English wrums. Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymology: Probably < a suffixed form of an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the Germanic base of Old High German warah (see ware n.⁶).In Old English usually a strong neuter (originally worsm ); occasionally also a strong masculine. Later forms in wur- show (typically late West Saxon) retraction of the stem vowel between w and r . The β. forms (which in Old English are more common) show metathesis of sm to ms , probably influenced by folk-etymological association with worm n. (perceived as a cause of disease); the form wyrms probably shows similar analogical influence. Some later α. forms in wir- may perhaps reflect a corresponding unattested Old English wyrsm . The Middle English forms wrusm* at α. forms and wrums at β. forms show (additional) metathesis of r . In wursom-mother n. at Compounds probably after the unattested Norn cognate of Faroese vágsmóðir , Norwegian vågmor , Swedish regional vågmor , in the same sense ( < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic vágr pus, (also) water, wave, creek, bay (see waw n.¹) + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic móðir mother n.¹); compare Orkney Scots vose-mither (1929). Scottish and English regional (northern) in later use. Now rare. Pus; purulent, infected, or rotten material. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun] > pus or matter wursomeOE yousterc725 warec1175 quittorc1300 corrumpciona1340 humour1340 atter1398 mattera1400 pus?a1425 filthiness1525 corruption1526 filth1561 gear1562 sanies1562 baggage1576 purulence1598 suppuration1601 lye1615 congestion1634 colluvies1651 collution1657 colloid1849 purulage1898 α. eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 41 Pus, uuorsm [eOE Corpus Gloss. uuorm, eOE Erfurt Gloss. uuorsin]. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxxviii. 273 Hwæt we wieton ðæt sio diegle wund bið sarre ðonne sio opene, forðam ðæt worsm ðæt ðærinne gehweled bið, gif hit bið ut forlæten, ðonne bið sio wund geopenod to hælo ðæs sares. eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xx. 202 Gif þonne sio wund swiðe rotige þære lifre oþ þæt he þæt wursm of muðe hræce. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) ix. 54 Binnan feagum tidum heo..þæt worsm [OE Hatton worms] ut atyhð. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4782 War. & wirrsenn toc anan Vt off hiss lic to flowenn. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 200 Mine wunden..gedereð neowe wursum [a1250 Nero wrusum] & feð on eft to rotien. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 239 Alþet fulðe schaweð him & wringeð ut þet wursum [a1250 Titus wirsum, a1400 Pepys ruse] bi foren al þe wide world. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11835 Ouer-al wrang vte worsum and ware, And wormes creuld here and þare. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. ix. 64 Thir wretchit mennis flesche, that is his fude, And drinkis worsum, and thair lopperit blude. 1597 in J. Stuart Misc. Spalding Club (1841) I. 93 Thow..keist witchecraft on the said cow,..that scho gewe no milk, bot..lyk wirsum or wenem. 1599 R. Rollock Certaine Serm. xi. 273 He hes not skunnerit..at thy worsum, bylis, and botchis. 1613 P. Forbes Comm. Rev. iv. 15 It is not mixed with bloud..much lesse with bloudy worsum. 1617 Despauterii Grammaticæ Institutionis Lib. VII (new ed.) iii. 75 Ut tabes, cum quo saniem sanguinemque corruptum significat, rotten and putrified blood, and worsome. 1716 J. Moncrief Poor Man's Physician 103 For Spitting of Worsom or filthy Matter. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Woursum, Worsum, purulent matter; S. pron. wursum. 1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) Wursum, pus; particularly when foul. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Wirsom, foul pus. Yorksh. 1853 W. Blair Chrons. Aberbrothock 70 She had a' rinnin' in her head, an' wanted a twa three bawbees to get saw to put till't to bring the wursome oot. 1914 J. S. Angus Gloss. Shetland Dial. 157 Wirsom, the thick fluid matter in a festering sore. 1972 J. Ross Select. Caithness Dial. Words in D. Omand Caithness Bk. 259 Wursum, the festering matter in a sore. β. eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 363 Pus, worms.OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 83 Tabes wyrms [lOE Trin. Cambr. wurms, c1225 Worcester wrums].OE tr. Orosius Hist. (Tiber.) (1980) i. vii. 25 Þæt syxte [yfel] wæs þæt eall [þæt] folc wæs on blædran, & þa wæron swiðe hreowlice berstende, & þa worms utsionde.OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) 27 (table of contents) Wiþ þa gerynnincge þæs wormses ym þa breost. Compounds wursom-mother n. Scottish (Shetland and Orkney) the pus found in the centre of a boil. ΚΠ a1918 J. Jakobsen Etymol. Ordbog Norrøne Sprog Shetland (1921) 1011/1 Wirsam-midder, byldemoder, kœrne i en byld [‘boil-mother’, core of a boil]. 1931 J. R. Nicolson Shetland Incidents & Tales xv. 103 For a suppurating sore the common application was a ‘waaverin leaf’..said to expedite the removal of ‘wirsim midder’. 1988 G. Lamb Orkney Wordbk. Wursam-mither, the core of a boil. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.eOE
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