单词 | butter |
释义 | buttern.1 1. a. A pale yellow dairy fat used in cookery and as a spread, made by churning milk or cream and straining off the buttermilk to leave a solid substance.Butter is a soft solid at room temperature which is easily melted. It is typically made from cow's milk or cream, but that of other animals (as sheep, goats, etc.) can also be used. See also yak butter n. at yak n. Compounds 2.Frequently in collocation with bread; see bread and butter n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > butter > [noun] butterOE cow-butterc1000 spreader1610 spread1811 dairy butter1874 flab1923 OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xi. 104 Hi ðicgað on ðam earde ele on heora bigleofum, swa swa we doð buteran. lOE Laws: Rectitudines (Corpus Cambr.) xvi. 451 Cyswyrhtan gebyreð hundred cyse, & þæt heo of wringhwæge buteran macige to hlafordes beode. ?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1137 Þa was corn dære & flec & cæse & butere, for nan ne wæs o þe land. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 643 Bred an chese, butere and milk. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1014 Bred kalues fleis and flures bred And buttere. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. v. l. 444 Bothe bred and ale, butter, melke, and chese. 1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 924 Lenten metis..Mith him not plese; but he mut nedis certayn Ete buttir and chese. 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. vii. sig. Kv Euery promyse that thou therin doest vtter, Is as sure, as it were sealed with butter. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. v. 517 A grosse fat man. Car. As fat as butter . View more context for this quotation 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 318 The fattest Butyr is made of Ewes milke. a1661 R. Bargrave Trav. Diary (1999) 169 My Master..left me Superintendent over the horses & Baggage, having no language, nor any other Victualls, but course Seae bread, and a litle Butture. 1714 J. Gay Shepherd's Week v. 60 Sometimes, like Wax, she rolls the Butter round, Or with the wooden Lilly prints the Pound. 1767 A. Shackleford Mod. Art Cookery Improved 7 Put it into a sauce-pan with a piece of butter, keep it stirring till the butter is melted. 1841 tr. ‘Valery’ Italy & its Comforts iv. 25 Milan is noted for its delicious veal cutlets fried in butter and crumbs. a1881 M. A. H. Clarke Memorial Vol. (1884) 303 With appetites like demons, come the gentle public in. ‘Toast and butter!’ ‘Eggs and coffee!’ ‘Waiter! Mutton chops for four!’ 1915 C. L. Hunt & H. W. Atwater Honey & its Uses in Home (U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 1759) 12 A honey cake made with butter will keep its quality until the butter grows rancid. 1941 F. Naylor World Famous Chefs' Cook Bk. 558 Slightly beat butter, cream and egg white in a bowl. 1961 A. Sillitoe Key to Door (1962) xx. 287 Brian liked to see her doing such things, washing-up, slicing bread, paring cheese, and spreading butter. 2017 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 25 Nov. 14 Warm bread, straight from the oven, crusty and fragrant and dripping with melted butter. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [noun] > an unguent > specific butter buttereOE jessamy-butter1657 jasmine-butter1678 eOE Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) iii. ii. 308 Afleot þæt fam of & ahlyttre þa buteran on blede, do eft þæt hluttre on pannan, gecnua celeþonian.., wyl swiþe. ?a1200 ( Recipe (Harl. 6258B) in T. O. Cockayne Leechdoms, Wortcunning, & Starcraft (1864) I. 380 Wið eafodece pollege..wulle on ele, odðer on clane butere, & smyre þæt heafod mid. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Job xxix. 6 I wesh my feet with butter: & þe ston heeldede to me ryuerys of oile. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. lxxiii. 1332 Buttre draweþ al þe venyme to itself. 1526 Grete Herball iii. sig. Aiiiv/2 Make a supposytory onely of assa fetida anoynted with oyle, butter, or hony for hurtyng. 1643 J. Steer tr. Fabricius Exper. Chyrurg. viii. 34 Let him apply the..Ointment of Sweet Butter [L. unguentum ex butyro recenti] thereto. a1849 T. L. Beddoes Death's Jest-bk. ii. iii, in Poems (1851) II. 67 A bodily slice Is cured by surgeon's butter. c. Any of various sauces in which butter is a main ingredient; spec. a sauce made by combining melted butter with flour, water or milk, etc. (esp. in melted butter). Also with modifying word denoting the main flavouring: butter combined with herbs or other ingredients for use as a spread or sauce.garlic butter, green butter, orange butter, parsley butter, etc.: see the first element.Recorded earliest in green butter n. at green adj. and n.1 Compounds 1d(a). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun] > butter sauces burneux1430 brown butter1653 butter1654 butter saucea1665 melted butter1807 poulette1813 black butter1824 rum butter1824 Montpellier butter1830 maître d'hôtel sauce1845 beurre noir1855 beurréa1865 sugar-butter sauce1901 brandy-butter1939 1654 J. Cooper Art of Cookery 15 Sheeps tongues fryed in greene Butter. a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 221 Pour butter upon the fish. 1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 192. ⁋1 A Plate of Butter which had not been melted to his Mind. 1723 J. Nott Cook's & Confectioner's Dict. sig. G3 To make Parsley, Sage, Thyme, Savoury or Lemon Thyme Butter. Clarify your Butter..mix it with a little of the Chymical Oil of any of the Herbs. 1807 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 9 892 It was the sort of poverty of conception, reproached by some foreigner to English cookery, that we had but one sauce, and that that sauce was melted butter. 1823 M. Radcliffe Mod. Syst. Domest. Cookery 263 Good melted butter cannot be made with mere flour and water; there must be a full and proper proportion of butter. 1885 Sun (Baltimore) 2 Feb. Either caper or pickle butter is excellent with any broiled or fried fish. 1925 San Antonio (Texas) Express 3 Jan. 6/3 Pour lemon butter over the asparagus. 1941 L. de Sounin Magic in Herbs viii. 152 Small rye-krisps spread with chive butter are delicious with cream of cucumber soup. 1971 Grand Diplȏme Cookery Course (1972) 113 Bisques..may be flavored with a butter made from the fish coral. 2000 J. Traunfeld Herbfarm Cookbk. iv. 105 Sage butter makes a wonderful sauce on its own, but in this pasta dish I've tossed it with sweet garden peas. 2. figurative. a. A person's heart, temperament, etc., likened to butter in being soft, yielding, or easily melted. Esp. in heart of butter. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > [noun] > a tender heart butter1594 1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. C3v Truly sir my heart is made of butter, it melts at the least persecution. 1703 P. Motteux et al. tr. M. de Cervantes Hist. Don Quixote III. xxix. 287 What dost thou cry for?... Who hurts thee, thou dastardly Craven, thou Cowardly Mouse, thou Soul of a Milksop, thou Heart of Butter? 1851 H. Mayhew 1851 ii. 17 Sandboys, though naturally possessed of a heart of butter, delighted to assure himself that he carried about a flint in his bosom. 1910 ‘M. Twain’ in Harper's Bazar Feb. 119/2 Martin Luther and Joan of Arc..—that splendid pair equipped with temperaments not made of butter, but of asbestos. 1979 S. Sondheim By the Sea, Pt. 2 (MS sheet music) 6 Me eyelids'll flutter, I'll turn into butter, The moment I mutter, ‘I do-hoo!’ 2010 E. Lorello Ordinary World (rev. ed.) ii. 10 That mild tenor that reduced me to butter every time he read to me. b. Flattering or ingratiating speech or behaviour, esp. when used to gain favour or advantage.In early use with allusion to Psalm 55:21: ‘The words of his mouth were smoother then butter, but warre was in his heart: his words were softer then oyle, but yet were they drawen swords’ (King James Bible).Often used in phrases alluding to sense 1a. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > [noun] fickling?c1225 flattering?c1225 oluhningc1225 glozec1290 glozing1297 losengery1303 blandishingc1305 blandingc1315 flatteryc1320 glotheringc1325 soothinga1400 honey word?1406 faginga1425 flatrisec1440 smekingc1440 blandishc1475 blandiment?1510 glavering1545 coggingc1555 good1563 milksop1577 court holy water1583 glavery1583 blandishment1591 lipsalve1591 court holy bread1592 flatter1593 colloguing1596 sooth1597 daub?1602 blandation1605 lullaby1611 court-water1616 butter1618 blandiloquy1623 oil1645 court-element1649 courtshipment1649 courtship1655 blandiloquence1656 court-creama1657 daubing1656 fleecha1700 Spanish money1699 cajole1719 whiting1721 palaver1733 butter boat1747 flummery1749 treacle1771 Spanish coin1785 blancmange1790 blarney1796 soft corn1814 whillywha1816 carney1818 buttering up1819 soft soap1821 flam1825 slaver1825 soft solder1836 soothing syrup1839 soft-soaping1840 plámás1853 sawder1854 soap1854 salve1859 taffy1878 plámásing1897 flannel1927 smarm1937 flannelling1945 sweet talk1945 schmear1950 smarming1950 1618 J. Dyke D. Dyke's Two Treat.: Philemon & Schoole of Affliction vii. 156 Words which are as the prickings of a Sword,..when rather words, as it were suppled with Oyle and Butter, should be vsed. 1669 J. Stewart Jus Populi Vindicatum xxi. 426 He cometh forth in his owne colours, & with his tongue speaketh no flattering words, nor words of butter, but both heart and tongue are full of gall and worm wood. 1823 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 14 309 You have been daubed over by the dirty butter of his applause. 1880 World 13 Oct. A lavish interchange of compliments, the butter being laid on pretty thick. 1924 A. Christie Man in Brown Suit xvi. 130 ‘You can manage it. You can manage anything.’ ‘I love butter,’ purred Suzanne. 1978 ‘M. M. Kaye’ Far Pavilions xlix. 883 Stop spreading on the butter and talk sense for a change. 2008 L. D. Johnson After Dance (2010) ii. 122 Even with my talent for laying on the butter thick, and in all the right places, I understood at any given moment the whole thing could come crashing down on me. 3. In extended use. a. slang. Ejaculated semen. Also (rarely): vaginal fluid produced during sexual activity or arousal.In quot. c1618 in to make butter with one's tail: (of a woman) to have sexual intercourse. Cf. tail n.1 5c. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > sperm > semen > ejaculated butterc1618 spend1879 ejaculate1927 c1618 Ante Maske of Mountebankes in A. H. Nelson & J. R. Elliott Early Eng. Drama: Inns of Court (2010) II. 565 If lusty Doll mayde of the Dayry Chance to be blew nipt by the fairye for making Butter with her tayle Ile giue her that did neuer fayle. 1668 P. M. Cimmerian Matron 19 in W. Charleton Ephesian & Cimmerian Matrons Her evil destiny to be besmear'd with her own blood, while the more guilty wife was anointed with the Butter of Joy. ?1804 in Merry Muses (Dublin ed.) 117 Nothing but a Roger's strength Can make my butter come. 1938 R. Wright Lawd Today! ii. iii, in Wks. (1991) I. 153 You talk like I don't know how to whip a woman's jelly!.. I can whip it till the butter comes. 2015 @Delibird444 22 Oct. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Why is everyone ejaculating over nick's voice[?] It's buttery smooth, yeah, but don't shoot your butter over it. b. Any of various substances, chiefly derived from plants, which resemble butter in appearance or consistency.cocoa butter, mahua butter, palm butter, vegetable butter, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1682 N. Grew Idea Philos. Hist. Plants 19 in Anat. Plants No Oyl which remained liquid..but instead of that a Butyr, almost of the Consistence and Colour of the Oyl of Mace. 1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam II. xx. 115 A cafe-bottle filled with excellent butter..made by melting and clarifying the fat of the palm-tree worms. 1799 M. Park Trav. Interior Districts Afr. xvi. 203 The kernel is enveloped in a sweet pulp, under a thin green rind; and the butter produced from it..is..of a richer flavour, than the best butter I ever tasted made from cows' milk. 1832 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. Conjoined Ser. 1 241 The palm oil, or butter of palm, is placed in a metallic vessel or boiler. 1877 Garden 25 Aug. 174/1 Spread very clean grease—say a butter made of a mixture of lard and beef suet—upon a plate. 1888 W. T. Brannt Pract. Treat. Animal & Veg. Fats & Oils ix. 332 The butter is prepared in the same manner as the foregoing. It is pure white, has a fine taste and odor, and is an important food and kitchen fat in India. 1944 Dairy Rec. 26 Jan. 7/3 The Butler Food Products Co. of Cedar Lake has entered suit..to determine whether ‘Veg-Oil’, known as ‘Soy Butter’, can be classed as oleomargarine. 1992 Toronto Star (Nexis) 6 Aug. c4 Fresh plant butters, authentic rose water, herbs and essential oils with natural anti-microbial properties are used. 2011 M. Jones Creating Oils, Soaps, Creams, & Herbal Gels 188 Mango butter results in a rich, smooth soap. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > preparations for the skin or complexion paste?a1425 pomatum1562 reparation1579 pomade1598 lustrification1631 butter?1762 war-paint1869 toiletry1917 face1923 make-up1932 ?1762 P. Montague Family Pocket-bk. (new ed.) 132 Mons. Rouille's incomparable lip-salve. Orange butter one drachm; conserve of jessamine, sperma-ceti, and tincture of coral, each half a drachm. 1862 Athenæum 13 Sept. 337/2 Greases thus perfumed were termed butters till within a period of the last twenty-five years, since which the word ‘pomade’ has been more generally adopted. 1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 526 For the manufacture of perfumes for the handkerchief the greases now known as pomades, butters, or philocomes are treated with rectified spirit of wine..which practically completely abstracts the odour. d. A preserve or paste made from puréed fruit, ground nuts or seeds, etc., typically used as a spread or condiment.apple butter, nut butter, peanut butter, pumpkin butter, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1832 Nolan County (Texas) News 27 Oct. She also has jams, jellies, marmalades, preserves, and fruit butter. 1898 Market Garden Aug. 14/1 These berries may be taken and made into jellies, jams, and butters. 1917 Weekly News Let. (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 29 Aug. 5/3 Put it [sc. peach pulp] through a colander or coarse wire sieve to make a butter of fine texture. 1978 M. D. Murphy Food Processor Cookery 18 Peanuts, pecans, and other oily nuts can be pureed into a tasty butter. 2002 R. O. Young & S. R. Young pH Miracle iii. 314 Tahini is a butter made from hulled sesame seeds. e. An unguent or lotion applied to the body as a moisturizer or for cosmetic purposes.body butter, shea butter: see the first element. ΚΠ 1967 Press-Telegram (Long Beach, Calif.) 24 May f13/4 (advt.) Tanning butter. 1977 Paris (Texas) News 28 June 13 a/3 (advt.) Aloe butter—for tanning or sunburn relief. New skin care product. 1995 P. Weiss Cock-a-doodle-doo xii. 142 Fragrant skin butters, dewberry and pear and mango, in soft foil packages. 2005 Daily News (Halifax, Nova Scotia) (Nexis) 3 Apr. (You section) 11 To give your skin a head start on shorts-and-tank top season, apply the butter of your choice all over just after you emerge from the shower. 2014 Daily Rec. & Sunday Mail (Nexis) 9 Mar. Inspired by tribal spa rituals, this rich moisturising butter nourishes even the driest of skin. Phrases P1. (as if) butter wouldn't melt in his (also her, etc.) mouth: used to refer to a person who has a demure, innocent manner or appearance that conceals a bad character, underhand behaviour, etc. Also in elliptical phrases. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > affected behaviour or affectation > be affected or act affectedly [verb (intransitive)] > assume air of propriety (as if) butter wouldn't melt in his (also her, etc.) mouth1530 quaint1590 prim1688 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 620/1 He maketh as thoughe butter wolde nat melte in his mouthe. a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 38v These felowes..can speake so fynely, that a man would thynke butter shold scant melte in theyr mouthes. 1608 H. Clapham Errour Left Hand i. 8 There, there, he is awaking, I will stand as butter would not melt in my mouth, gazing, crossing, trembling. 1695 E. Ravenscroft Canterbury Guests iv. xi. 48 You Mrs. Jacinta, that look'd As harmless as a Devil of two Years old; and As demure, as if Butter would not melt in your Mouth. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 43 She looks, as if Butter wou'dn't melt in her Mouth; but I warrant, Cheese won't choak her. 1850 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis II. xxii. 223 She smiles and languishes, you'd think that butter wouldn't melt in her mouth. 1910 H. H. Richardson Getting of Wisdom iv. 37 Laura..consciously wore a fixed little simper, which was meant to put it beyond doubt that butter would not melt in her mouth. 1958 M. Stewart Nine Coaches Waiting vi. 82 You don't think she has that sour-milk face for Madam, do you? Oh, no, it's all niminy-piminy butter-won't-melt there, you mark my words. 2002 T. McKinley Windflowers xv. 297 ‘Miss perfect,’ she spat. ‘Little miss goody-two-shoes. Butter wouldn't bloody melt would it?’ ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > perplexity, bewilderment > act of perplexing > perplex, nonplus [phrase] to bring (drive, or put) to one's wit's end1377 to cast (also throw) a mist before a person's eyes?a1475 to set (also run) on ground1600 to make butter and cheese of1642 to put to the gaze1646 philogrobolized in one's brains1653 to strike all of (on) a heap1711 to blow, cast, throw stour in one's eyes1823 knot1860 to give (one) furiously to think1910 1642 J. Hales Tract conc. Schisme 11 They made butter and cheese one of another. P3. a. a person's bread (also toast) always falls butter side up (also down) and variants: used to suggest that the person in question has consistently good (or bad) luck.See also slightly earlier variant with buttered at buttered adj. Phrases 1. ΚΠ 1834 S. Smith Sel. Lett. Major Jack Downing lxii. 163 When he lets his slice fall..it always somehow falls butter side up. 1991 S. Pinsker Schlemiel as Metaphor (rev. ed.) i. 2 When a schlimazl's bread-and-butter accidently falls on the floor it always lands butter-side down. 2002 Sunday Tribune (Ireland) (Nexis) 8 Sept. 2 McCarthy gave him the captain's armband for Ireland's next match. So what's going on? Who knows? But McAteer..is one of those people whose toast always falls butter-side up. b. bread (also toast) always falls butter side down and variants: used to express the belief that anything that can go wrong will go wrong. Cf. Murphy's Law n.See also slightly later variant with buttered at buttered adj. Phrases 2. ΚΠ 1829 Amer. Masonic Reg. 23 Nov. 94/1 Everything goes wrong... At breakfast..the coffee was scalding hot, the toast fell into my lap, butter side down.] 1851 Knickerbocker Dec. 617 Alas! all bread and butter falls butter-side down: the boat would upset every now and then. 1981 New Scientist 2 July 41/3 Sod's Law: T'is famous..That the bread that you drop..In response to this law When it reaches the floor Will always land butter side down. 2015 Express (Nexis) 24 Nov. 14 As temperatures plunge to freezing,..boilers..conk out and every repair man within miles can't come until next week,..just as the toast always falls butter side down. P4. a. with one's nose in the butter and variants: in a very fortunate or advantageous situation or position. Chiefly in to fall (also land) with one's nose in the butter: to have extremely good fortune. Cf. with one's bum in the butter at Phrases 4b. [Compare Dutch met zijn neus in de boter vallen, lit. ‘to fall with one's nose into the butter’ (1781 or earlier), met zijn neus in't vet raken, lit. ‘to get with one's nose into the fat’ (1613 or earlier), and similar expressions in the same literal and figurative senses; of uncertain precise origin.] ΚΠ 1918 Lake Representative (Fox Lake, Wisconsin) 10 Oct. 1/6 The nurse asked a man if he didn't think he was pretty lucky to get in on the party. He said: ‘Why Yes, I fell with nose right in the butter’. 1932 J. Dos Passos 1919 352 He lands with his nose in the butter every time... Anyway I'm glad there's one successful member of the family. 1948 Dayton (Ohio) Daily News 17 Oct. ii. 2/1 Van says, ‘He's a nice fellow. Gets a lot of money for the work he is doing—if you can call it work, marrying into power that way. Yes, sir, he fell with his nose in the butter.’ 2002 Daily News (N.Y.) 29 Nov. 87/2 Your Stars... Virgo... It's a day to take a shot in the dark. As the Dutch say, you'll land with your nose in the butter. b. Chiefly South African, British, and Australian. with one's bum (also arse, ass, etc.) in the butter and variants: in a very fortunate or advantageous situation or position. Esp. in to land with one's bum (also arse, ass, etc.) in the butter (cf. to fall with one's nose in the butter at Phrases 4a). [Compare Dutch met zijn aars in de boter vallen (1726 or earlier), Afrikaans om met sy gat in die botter te val, lit. ‘to fall with one's arse into the butter’, and similar expressions (in the same literal and figurative senses); of uncertain precise origin, but probably understood as alluding to a soft landing.] ΚΠ 1960 H. Rucker Wolf Tree xxiii. 294 He drives himself too. Just as if he didn't marry Miss Caroline, and, excuse me, ladies, put his butt in a tub of butter. 1971 R. Christie For President's Eyes Only x. 93 You, of course, have landed with your bum in the butter once more. You'll have to..go to the Victoria Falls and spend a week there making like a bloody tourist! 1979 Listener 28 June 870/1 Why the fuck should I get my ass shot off out here in the bush to protect the kaffirs sitting back there with their bums in the butter? 1987 ‘D. Kavanagh’ Going to Dogs iv. 94 Vic's doing all right for himself. Bum in the butter. 2008 Brisbane News (Nexis) 23 July 11 I had an interview on the spot and started the next day. I just landed with my bum in the butter to be honest. 2015 @jeremyoos 17 Sept. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) You have the keys to the kingdom. Fell with your arse in the butter. Golden spoon in your mouth. Good luck and enjoy! Compounds C1. a. General attributive, as butter cart, butter dairy, butter firkin, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > dairy dairyc1290 dey-house1342 dairy-house1530 milkhouse1554 milkness1691 milk room1698 butter dairy1784 cheesery1836 creamery1872 eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in J. J. Quinn Minor Lat.-Old Eng. Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1956) 63 Uas buteri, buterstoppa. 1572 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 249 One butter-skepp. 1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. D4v The Low-countries (that are built vpon butter-firkins, and holland cheese). 1643 J. Howell Disc. betwixt Patricius & Peregrine 8 He swore, That hee would drowne the Hollanders in their Butter-tubs. 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xvii. 139 A great Butter-pot full of fresh Cheese. 1764 St. James's Chron. 18 Feb. She told the Boy she must go to a Butter Shop in Clare-Market. 1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 81 A near relation of mine, who kept a Butter Dairy. 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon viii. 231 The butter-merchants in London. 1828 M. R. Mitford Our Village III. 308 [They] would run to meet the butter-cart as if it were a carriage and four. 1843 Bristol Mercury 13 May 7/3 A boy saw the prisoner..knock up the top of a butter cask, scoop a quantity of the butter out, and make off with it. 1893 W. Fream Youatt's Compl. Grazier (ed. 13) ii. iii. 260 A butter dairy should comprise two distinct compartments, one for receiving the milk, another for performing the operation of churning. 1904 J. W. Streeter Fat of Land xxxii. 184 Can't they drive the butter-cart out each morning and home after school? 1942 Pop. Sci. Monthly Oct. 149/1 This film-processing outfit was made from a 3-gal. butter crock and a 3-gal. tin milk cooler costing together less than a dollar. 1968 E. Kellner Devil & Aunt Serena 172 Skinny..scooped a pound of fresh butter from the butter tub into a thin beech-wood shell. 2014 Bangor (Maine) Daily News (Nexis) 21 Mar. Ken attended Wheaton College, traveling to Chicago by train, his lunch packed in a butter firkin and a few dollars tucked in his shoe. 2017 Times (Nexis) 15 June (T2) (headline) Soon there may be as many luxury butter merchants as there are bijou bakeries. b. Objective, as butter buyer, butter churning, butter maker, butter making, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter churningc1440 butter making1751 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-maker butterman1296 butter wife?1542 butter-woman1612 churner1888 butter maker2016 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. xviii. 203/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I When..fewer of these butter buiers were stirring, our butter was scarslie woorth eighteene pence the gallon, that now is worth three shillings foure pence. 1652 Mercurius Democritus No. 14. 105 The Piscaterian Butter-eaters, which are now a sending up to Billings-gate. 1720 London Gaz. No. 5879/4 William Dixon..Buttermonger. 1751 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 19 June (1966) II. 485 I expect Immortality from the Science of Butter makeing. 1839 S. Judd Let. 6 July in A. Hall Life & Char. Rev. S. Judd (1854) 158 This three times a day, table-gathering and beef-eating, butter-spreading and tea-drinking,..makes one wonderfully content with life. 1863 Eclectic Rev. Mar. 225 [He] excites thrillings of delightful hope in the gentle hearts of buttermongers' daughters. 1890 E. H. Barker Wayfaring in France 251 In the markets, the butter-sellers stand in rows, holding their baskets in front of them. 1912 Bull. Internat Labour Office 7 87 The work..performed by a woman in a butter factory, viz :—(1) churning; (2) butter-washing; (3) butter-salting; (4) butter-kneading. 1953 Quick 9 Mar. 16 Butter producers mapped a ‘fight back’ against substitutes which have made inroads into the butter market. 1983 D. Armstrong Insider's Guide to Health Foods ix. 173 Sad to say, butter lovers, our favorite spread is high in cholesterol. 2000 M. McDonald Shadows in Glasshouse xiii. 123 I had skills that were wanted here as a planter's wife, in baking, butter-churning, and cheese-making. 2016 Business Times (Singapore) (Nexis) 26 Mar. There's only one artisanal butter maker. c. Similative, with the sense ‘like butter’, as butter-bright, butter-smooth, butter-soft, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [adjective] > bright > as or with specific things steel-brighta1560 eyebright1607 butter-bright1868 brass-bright1908 the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > smooth and slippery slippera1050 slibbery?c1225 slidderya1250 slidder1398 lubric1490 slid1513 slippery1551 icy?1552 slipperous1585 glib1594 gliding1594 slicked1594 glibbery1601 lubrical1602 slape1671 slithery1825 slithy1855 butter-smooth1868 slick1901 1868 G. M. Hopkins 17 July in Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 176 The sun coming out..with a butter-bright lustre. 1920 J. Galsworthy In Chancery ii. v. 170 His grandfather's first gold hunter watch, butter-smooth with age. 1941 M. Seeley Chuckling Fingers vii. 92 Her butter-pale, sagging cheeks mottled with an unpleasant blue. 1960 Newsweek 2 May 31/1 A butter-bland performer with no ascertainable talent beyond the ability to mouth amiable inanities. 1980 Field & Stream Oct. 116/3 Wading through swirling pools and climbing over butter-slick boulders. 2011 C. Moran How to be Woman (2012) ix. 207 They will all be made of butter-soft leather. C2. In the names of types of food and drink in which butter is a main ingredient. butter ale n. now historical and archaic a drink consisting of ale boiled with sugar, spices, butter, and sometimes eggs.More commonly called buttered ale. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > ale > [noun] > flavoured ale Welsh aleeOE braggetc1405 buttered ale1547 sage ale1584 wormwood-ale1603 bragoes1605 mace-ale1605 China-ale1659 horseradish ale1664 butter ale1666 1666 S. Pepys Diary 17 Mar. (1972) VII. 75 Home, having a great cold..so to bed, drinking butter-ale. 1908 E. R. Emerson Beverages, Past & Present II. x. 248 Butter-ale was most plentiful in the seventeenth century. 2016 D. Polansky City Dreaming ii. 74 ‘Fresh butter ale?’ he asked. ‘Absolutely,’ M said. butter bake n. originally Scottish a sweet biscuit made with butter. ΚΠ 1817 D. MacKillop Orig. Poems & Songs 33 An' butter baiks, an' penny baps. 1850 A. M'Gilvray Poems & Songs 88 Pies, parlies, tarts, and butter bakes. 2015 @alinicebuns 6 Jan. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Viennesse [sic] whirls, ‘old skool’ butter bakes sandwiched with vanilla frosting and raspberry jam. butter bread n. (a) bread made from dough enriched with butter; (b) bread spread with butter; buttered bread; a slice of this. ΚΠ 1718 Illustrious Mod. 13 By the way, 'tis only to make a Butter-Bread. 1852 Englishwoman's Domest. Mag. 1 Nov. 212/2 He returned to the girl of his heart with a butterbread adorned with caviar and sausage. 1909 Lincoln (Nebraska) Daily Star 21 Sept. 6/4 There is nothing that can supplant butter-bread. 1995 Re: Whew! am I Tired in rec.food.cooking (Usenet newsgroup) 7 Dec. The chance that a butterbread will fall on the carpet with the buttered side down is exponetially [sic] proportional to the value of the carpet. 2015 @WhiskeyDed 25 Feb. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I, in all my life, have never been so ready to buy a loaf of butter bread. butter cake n. a light, moist, usually leavened cake containing butter, sugar, flour, and eggs. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > rich cake spice-cake1530 sugar-cake1600 plum cake1606 butter cake1616 pound cake1743 black cake1823 Dundee cake1836 gâteau1845 fat-rascal1868 Dundee1920 Lane cake1921 1616 T. Scot Irish Banquet in Philomythie sig. I7 So they call their butter cakes. 1827 Standard 9 July 1/3 I gave her a butter-cake to dinner, and some beer. 2014 Time Out Kuala Lumpur Mar. 30/2 He steers clear of butter cakes and focuses on..alcoholic mousse cakes. butter chicken n. an Indian dish consisting of pieces of chicken, usually cooked in a tandoor, served in a mild, creamy curry sauce. ΚΠ 1978 Washington Post Mag. 15 Oct. 45/2 Butter chicken, a lovely buttery stew with bits of onion, green pepper and tomato over the tandoori-roasted chicken. 1995 C. Panjabi Great Curries India 9 Khyber served Punjabi food with favorites like tandooris, butter chicken and choles. 2015 N.Y. Mag. 7 Sept. 80/2 The predictably lustrous butter chicken, which Singh and his cooks prepare with milk and fenugreek folded with fried shallots, tomatoes, and generous chunks of free-range bird. butter cookie n. U.S. A plain, crisp biscuit whose chief ingredients are butter, flour, and sugar. ΚΠ 1879 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 20 Dec. 6/4 Butter Cookies. One cupful of sugar, one cupful of butter, two eggs. 1957 Washington Post 15 Nov. c6/2 At Yuletide the cookie jar is filled with..the mouth watering butter cookie from Scandinavia. 2015 N. Solomon Love Bk. xxiv. 228 She walked through the front door..with a tin of butter cookies. butter crust n. pastry made with butter (as opposed to lard, suet, etc.); esp. such pastry used for the crust of a pie, etc. ΚΠ 1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery xvii. 439 (heading) Butter crust for puddings. 1936 Washington Post 18 Apr. 12/2 They [sc. apple dumplings] are tempting to look at, tempting to eat, with their rich, golden brown butter crust, filled with spicy flavored apples. 2018 Premium Official News Newswire (Nexis) 25 Jan. We'll learn the basics of pie making techniques starting with a homemade butter crust. butter icing n. †(a) a paste made from butter and flour, used to decorate savoury dishes (obsolete rare); (b) a soft paste, often flavoured or coloured, made by beating icing sugar into butter and used as a topping or filling for cakes. ΚΠ 1862 I. Williamson Pract. Cookery & Pastry (ed. 5) 187 Butter Icing for Ornamenting Cold Fowls, Tongues, and other Meats. Beat over a stove till smooth half a pound of white fresh butter; then add three ounces of fine sifted flour. 1874 A. Gouffé tr. J. Gouffé Royal Bk. Pastry & Confectionery ii. viii. 262 Flavour some Butter Icing..with coffee, put it into a paper cone, and press it out on each cake and round the crust. 1966 Times 21 Nov. (Women's Features section) 13/5 Use a chocolate finger biscuit and secure with butter icing. 2003 M. Satz Heirloom Cookbk. 73/2 Frost one-half of cookies with a vanilla butter icing, and the other half with a cocoa icing. butter pecan n. U.S. a flavour of ice cream (or other dessert), typically made with roasted pecans, butter, and vanilla; frequently attributive. ΚΠ 1923 Monroe (Louisiana) News-Star 29 Oct. 4/6 (advt.) Bond's Barker Bakery..complete line of fancy cakes..butter pecan rolls..fruit pies. 1951 Wichita Daily Times (Wichita Falls, Texas) 8 May 8/5 Put one chocolate-covered Brazil nut in the bottom of a glass dish, add one..dipper of butter pecan ice cream. 2014 C. Levy Running with Big Dogs x. 88 I had to go with my favorite, butter pecan, and Maggie picked cookie dough. butter pie n. (a) U.S. a dessert pie or tart made with sugar, flour, and butter; (b) English regional (Lancashire) a savoury pie consisting of potatoes, onions, and butter. ΚΠ 1874 Catholic Standard (Philadelphia, Pa.) 23 May 6/3 Butter pie... Take a piece of fresh butter the size of an egg, two-thirds cup of sugar, one of sweet cream, one tablespoon of flour, and sugar together, then stir in the cream. 1951 Bedford (Pa.) Gaz. 25 Sept. 5/7 Just before we left, Mr. Bird gave me a popular community recipe for a Butter Pie. 1999 Butter Pies in alt.music.manics (Usenet newsgroup) 7 Jan. Since going veggie, my favourite pie is a butter pie. 2015 @Mike_Jung 22 Oct. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Come on, I ate 3 pieces! The butter pie presented psychic hurdles—no illusions to it, 100% fat & sugar. 2016 Independent (Nexis) 20 July The rest of May's new team wouldn't recognise a butter pie if it hit them in the face. butter sauce n. a sauce containing butter as a main ingredient. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun] > butter sauces burneux1430 brown butter1653 butter1654 butter saucea1665 melted butter1807 poulette1813 black butter1824 rum butter1824 Montpellier butter1830 maître d'hôtel sauce1845 beurre noir1855 beurréa1865 sugar-butter sauce1901 brandy-butter1939 a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 223 Boil Whitings as if you would eat them in the Ordinary way with thick Butter-sauce. 1733 V. La Chapelle Mod. Cook III. 119 You may..dish them up with a small Remoulade, a Butter Sauce, or a Ravigotte. 1871 Fun 25 Feb. 86 (caption) They be artichokes for squire's dinner—they serve them wi' butter sauce in silver dishes. 1953 W. A. Roberts Havana 252 One of the best styles is almendrina, which means a covering of crushed almonds with a butter sauce. 2010 New Yorker 12 July 20/3 A delicate grilled branzino was made less so by a thick butter sauce. butter tart n. Canadian a tart with a filling of butter, eggs, and brown sugar, typically with raisins, walnuts, or pecans. ΚΠ 1941 Brandon (Manitoba) Daily Sun 2 May 5/7 (advt.) Fresh Pies... Butter Tarts, Cake, Doughnuts. 1972 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 7 Aug. 25/4 Do you serve butter tarts with coffee? 2005 R. Aubert Red Mass vii. 113 He tried to balance hot chocolate and a butter tart in one hand, as he observed the others doing. butter tea n. a drink made with tea and butter, widely consumed in the Himalayan regions of Nepal, Bhutan, India, and Tibet. Traditionally made with butter from yak's milk. [Compare Chinese sūyóu chá (a1609 or earlier; < sūyóu butter + chá tea: see cha n.); in Tibetan, it is called ja srun-mo, lit. ‘tea which is mild’ (made ‘mild’ by mixing with butter and salt) and bod ja, lit. ‘Tibetan tea’.] ΚΠ 1907 Wisconsin Valley Leader 26 Sept. 2/2 We made the stage to Bakmed before noon and had a refreshing meal of barley flour and butter tea. 1990 Nat. World Spring 29 (advt.) Have you ever thought of... Drinking butter tea with Tibetan monks? 2008 M. Akester tr. T. Khétsun Memories Life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule xi. 137 She shed tears as she welcomed me, and right away made some tasty, nourishing butter tea. butter toast n. now chiefly U.S. toast spread with butter; buttered toast. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > bread with spread or filling > [noun] > bread with butter, jam, or other spread bread and butter1533 butterham1713 butter toast1757 tartine1804 butty1827 punk and plaster1891 thunder and lightning1905 cinnamon toast1927 jam-butty1927 1757 E. Kimber Juvenile Adventures David Ranger I. xi. 287 Davy..found him poring over his schemes of traffick, and munching his butter toast. 1826 R. Polwhele Trad. & Recoll. II. 381 I found time to..treat him with butter-toast for his supper, and butter-toast for his breakfast. 1904 Hotel Monthly July 31/2 Dry or butter toast. 2017 @Tylerjayholden 31 Jan. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I have been living on butter toast these last few days. C3. butter-and-egg man n. U.S. slang a dairyman; a provincial farmer or businessman characterized as unsophisticated or easily duped. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > wealth > [noun] > rich or wealthy person > rich and unsophisticated person butter-and-egg man1867 society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > [noun] > one who spends > unsophisticated man who spends freely butter-and-egg man1867 1867 Dundee Courier & Argus 28 Jan. He say he get me in as a porter to a cheesemonger or butter and egg man, a Misser Thomson-Brown-Smit. 1882 Rocky Mountain News (Denver) 5 Mar. 4/3 The editor's eye Just happened to spy The butter-and-egg-man's bright look. 1948 Antioch Rev. Spring 105 The ‘butter-and-egg’ man who startles the foreign lecturer with blunt questions. 1995 H. Roth Mercy of Rude Stream iii. viii. 358 You were a liberated, vanguard bohemian; you sneered at the Babbitts and the big butter-and-egg men. butter badger n. [ < butter n.1 + badger n.1] originally English regional and Irish English (northern) an itinerant trader who buys butter from farmers to sell wholesale.Now only in historical contexts.In quot. 1739 as the name of a racehorse. ΚΠ 1739 in J. Cheny Hist. List Horse-matches Run 17 Butter-Badger.] 1839 Penny Mag. 15 June 228/1 A butter-badger is still an essential personage in every little isolated community. He is a person who collects butter from house to house weekly. 1857 Fraser's Mag. Sept. 355/2 His father was at one time a butter-badger. 1999 V. León Uppity Women of Renaissance 100 Being a wholesaler was no holiday. Edith was only street-legal for a year—after which, she had to apply and pay again to be a bloomin' butter Badger. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of the Low Countries > [adjective] > Dutch butter-moutha1549 Dutchkin1576 Hollandish1611 vanden1639 butterbag1645 hogan1651 hogen mogen1653 butter bowzy1719 Batavian1795 Dutchy1862 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ ii. xi. 13 The butterbag Hollander. butter barrel n. (a) a barrel used to store butter; (b) English regional and Irish English a barrel fitted with a paddle that may be rotated by means of a handle in order to churn cream into butter; a barrel churn. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > container for food > [noun] > container for butter butter-kit1567 butter barrel1608 butterbox1614 cool1792 society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > barrel or cask > [noun] > for specific contents meal fat1360 butter barrel1608 beer-barrel1753 water breaker1834 blubber-cask1835 nail-keg1837 1608 Closet for Ladies & Gentlewomen 59 When it is almost cold, put in a hundreth of Cowcumbers into that liquor, into a butter barrel & keepe them al the yeare. 1757 State of Process Earl of Galloway against Earl of Morton 164 He does now, and always, since his Father's Death, has made the Butter Barrels and Half-barrels by the same Gauge by which his Father made these Casks. 1844 W. Barnes Poems Rural Life in Dorset Dial. 46 The butter-barrel An' cheese-press. 1942 J. E. Lips Tents in Wilderness i. 28 There were..canned goods and tea packages, flour bags and butter barrels. 2015 Irish Daily Mail (Nexis) 23 July Butter barrels and cheese presses are used to demonstrate the basics of cheese, cream and yoghurt-making. butter-basher n. slang (depreciative) a person who has recently taken up work as a taxi driver, esp. during a strike.On the (uncertain) origin of the term see note at butter boy n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport by vehicles plying for hire > [noun] > driving or hiring of cabs > driver of hired cab > driver of taxi-cab > new butter-basher1939 butter boy1939 1939 H. Hodge Cab, Sir? xv. 216 Contemptuous cabmen, therefore, called these blacklegs ‘Butter-Bashers’. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > eating specific substances or food > [adjective] > eating butter butterbitten1573 1573 G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres sig. Ddii The Dutche with butterbitten iawes. butter boat n. (a) a jug used for serving melted butter; (b) figurative (colloquial) excessive or insincere flattery (cf. sense 2b). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > [noun] fickling?c1225 flattering?c1225 oluhningc1225 glozec1290 glozing1297 losengery1303 blandishingc1305 blandingc1315 flatteryc1320 glotheringc1325 soothinga1400 honey word?1406 faginga1425 flatrisec1440 smekingc1440 blandishc1475 blandiment?1510 glavering1545 coggingc1555 good1563 milksop1577 court holy water1583 glavery1583 blandishment1591 lipsalve1591 court holy bread1592 flatter1593 colloguing1596 sooth1597 daub?1602 blandation1605 lullaby1611 court-water1616 butter1618 blandiloquy1623 oil1645 court-element1649 courtshipment1649 courtship1655 blandiloquence1656 court-creama1657 daubing1656 fleecha1700 Spanish money1699 cajole1719 whiting1721 palaver1733 butter boat1747 flummery1749 treacle1771 Spanish coin1785 blancmange1790 blarney1796 soft corn1814 whillywha1816 carney1818 buttering up1819 soft soap1821 flam1825 slaver1825 soft solder1836 soothing syrup1839 soft-soaping1840 plámás1853 sawder1854 soap1854 salve1859 taffy1878 plámásing1897 flannel1927 smarm1937 flannelling1945 sweet talk1945 schmear1950 smarming1950 the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate > butter dish butter plate1490 buttercup1497 butter dish1559 butter boat1747 1747 George Faulkner Dublin Jrnl. 7 Feb. A large parcel of china tea pots and china bowls, china jars, butter boats, a large parcel of coffee and chocolate cups, and several other sorts of china. 1807 Ld. Byron To Miss Pigot 5 July Upset a butter-boat in the lap of a lady. 1866 J. E. H. Skinner After Storm I. 181 He praised some things and gave advice about others, using the butter-boat less freely than is customary at volunteer inspections. 2008 A. S. Martin Buying into World of Goods 1 Mrs. George Callaway's purchases in the previous year included porcelain cups and saucers, a pinch box (for snuff), and a butter boat and stand. butter boy n. slang (depreciative) a person who has recently taken up work as a taxi driver.Explained in the source quoted in quot. 1939 as originally alluding (like butter-basher n.) to new drivers during a strike in 1913 who were thought to be underqualified and perceived as until recently employed as assistants in groceries and food shops; however, later explained (cf. quots. 1960, 2012) as alluding to new drivers taking the ‘bread and butter’, or means of subsistence, from established drivers. Perhaps cf. also earlier butterfly n. 2d. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport by vehicles plying for hire > [noun] > driving or hiring of cabs > driver of hired cab > driver of taxi-cab > new butter-basher1939 butter boy1939 1939 H. Hodge Cab, Sir? x. 134 During my ‘butter-boy’ period. 1960 C. Ray Merry Eng. 26 [The] owner-driver..is called a ‘butter-boy’ when he first appears on the rank, taking the butter from the older hands' bread, they say. 2012 Guardian (Nexis) 10 Dec. (G2 section) 11/2 We're known as ‘butter boys’ in the trade, because we take the bread and butter from the mouths of established drivers' families. butter cloth n. a thin, loosely woven cloth with a fine mesh used for various purposes, esp. to wrap butter and to strain the whey from the curd during cheese-making; (also) a piece of such cloth; cf. cheesecloth n. at cheese n.1 Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > cotton > [noun] > fine, light, or delicate > muslin > for wrapping butter butter cloth1540 butter muslin1884 1540 Inventory in Lisle Lett. (1981) VI. 209 Item iij Chese clothys & iij buttor clothes. 1658 Archimagirus Anglo-gallicus 69 Boile a pottle of milk and a quart of creame together, and when it is cold, set it to come with Runnet, when it is come, whey it in a butter cloth very well, then breake it small with some good cream. 1885 O. Wilde Lett. (1962) 172 My wife has a huge bill against you—for your meat-safe and the buttercloth. 1910 H. B. Wilkinson Old Hanging Ditch x. 88 Shipments of salt Cork butter packed in butter-cloth and surrounded by salt and pickle, were made to the Antipodes. 1999 B. Ciletti Making Great Cheese at Home 46 Pour the curds into a colander lined with cheesecloth or buttercloth. butter cooler n. a container used for keeping butter cool. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > other tableware or items for table pewter1426 warnera1552 nef1567 pewtery1645 hollow-ware1682 equipage1683 flatware1686 napkin ring1686 pewterware1738 egg cup1773 dish-rim1774 butter cooler1784 dish-cross1785 argyll1789 toast-rack1801 centrepiece1836 table centrepiece1850 silverware1862 doily1864 table centre1865 potato ring1888 egg-cosy1894 sandwich flag1907 cheese board1916 Lazy Susan1917 1784 Caledonian Mercury 29 Nov. Butter coolers. 1875 G. H. Lewes Probl. Life & Mind II. 135 The china service and glass butter-cooler. 2005 Independent (Nexis) 3 Dec. 49 A skilled thrower making, among other items, small jugs, porridge bowls, egg-bakers, soup pots, eggcups, butter coolers and jam pots. butter cow n. a cow yielding rich cream from which superior butter can be made. ΚΠ 1819 Morning Post 18 Aug. (advt.) Guernsey Butter Cows. 1877 4th Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1876–7 46 We..believe that the Jersey as a butter cow has the advantage of at least the average life time of man. 1916 Guernsey Breeders' Jrnl. 15 Sept. 241/1 She is a wonderful butter cow, and..her descendants ought to prove very valuable. 1980 Agric. Hist. 54 330 Other Chelsea meetings witnessed debates on..whether Jerseys or Holsteins made the superior butter cow. butter cross n. a cross, spire, or covered building within a marketplace, indicating the area designated for the sale of dairy foods and other home produce. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trading place > market > [noun] > market-place > parts of market-place stannary1668 butter cross1677 pit1932 1677 R. Thoroton Antiq. Notts. (caption) Butter Cross. 1883 F. Marryat Moment Madness III. 170 Their old-world institutions and buildings—their butter crosses and market steps. 2001 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 10 Nov. 54 In the centre of the village is the ancient Butter Cross dating from the days when this was a bustling market town. butter curler n. a serrated kitchen utensil used to shave butter to make decorative, curled shapes. ΚΠ 1868 Farmer's Mag. Sept. 222/2 Variety of butter prints for farm and private houses, boxwood butter beaters and slices, butter curlers, boards, trainers, skimmers, laders. 1938 Daily Mail 6 July 19 This ingeniously simple butter curler costs only sixpence. 2013 O. Zanini De Vita & M. B. Fant Sauces & Shapes 105 Using a butter curler or small knife, curl or scrape all the butter and strew the pieces evenly over a plate. butter factor n. now historical a tradesman who buys butter from farmers to sell wholesale. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trader > traders or dealers in specific articles > [noun] > in food and drink > in specific foodstuffs saltera1000 oilman1275 oysterman1305 pepperer1309 butchera1325 mealman1527 pepper mana1661 butter factor1696 porkman1749 flour-factor1815 macaroni dealer1854 1696 L. Meriton Pecuniæ obediunt Omnia lxxv. 55 (heading) On butter buyers or factors. 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon viii. 230 The butter-factors at Honiton. 1908 Irish Times 15 Feb. 7/3 A Dublin butter factor stated yesterday that not being able to buy Irish butter a fortnight ago he bought danish at 1s. 1½d. a pound wholesale. 2016 Dungog (Austral.) Chron. 27 May Now there would be less than 20 suppliers in the area and the butter factor is long gone. butterfat n. the natural fat contained in milk and dairy products.Butterfat is a mixture of triglycerides, particularly those derived from fatty acids such as palmitic, oleic, myristic, and stearic acids. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > butter > [noun] > butter fat butterfat1871 1871 Lancet 3 June 759/1 Whilst genuine butter ought to contain upwards of 83 per cent. of real butter fat, certain kinds of butter contain very much less. 1906 Macmillan's Mag. June 612 If wanting in butter-fat, it [sc. milk] was not fit for the purpose for which it had been sold. 1998 Guardian 21 Nov. (Weekend Suppl.) 78/1 You can sometimes find cream with a butterfat content as low as 12 per cent, but single cream normally has 18 per cent, and double cream 48 per cent. 2011 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 11 Sept. (Travel section) 8/2 The secret to the superiority of the cheese in this region..is the high butterfat content of the milk produced by brown swiss cows. butter knife n. a blunt knife used for cutting or spreading butter. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > cutlery > knife fish-knife1403 board-knifec1440 table knifea1475 butter knife1729 dessert-knife1793 balance-knife1833 cuttoe1851 steak knife1895 1729 R. Bradley Gentleman & Farmer's Guide iii. 190 Many other necessary Utensils are made of Horn; as Spoons, Butter-Knives, &c. 1870 ‘F. Fern’ Ginger-snaps 54 Some houses contain only silver soup-ladles, others a superabundance of butter-knives. 2011 J. Feather Wedding Wager xvii. 351 Her mother contented herself by attacking her toast with the butter knife. butter lamp n. a goblet-shaped lamp with a central wick, traditionally fed with clarified butter instead of oil.Used especially as a devotional offering in Tibetan Buddhist temples. [Compare Chinese sūyóu dēng (18th cent. or earlier; < sūyóu butter + dēng lamp) and Tibetan mar me ( < mar butter + me fire).] ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > [noun] > oil-lamp > burning specific types of oil butter lamp1852 blubber-lamp1856 1852 W. Hazlitt tr. E. R. Huc Trav. in Tartary, Thibet & China II. ix. 279 At the end of the saloon were three colossal statues of Buddha, before which were placed large butter lamps [Fr. lampes à beurre] and censers. 1883 J. Gilmour Among Mongols vi. 83 The altar on which a butter-lamp was then burning. 2006 D. Trussoni Falling through Earth (2007) xvi. 307 Hundreds of plaques (embossed with prayers) stood next to black-and-white photographs. Incense and butter lamps burned below them. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical authority > [noun] > ordinance of > dispensation > other indulgence1673 misericord1802 butter-letter1873 1873 R. B. Drummond Erasmus II. xiii. 15 In Switzerland the Pope's pardons were commonly known as ‘butter-letters’, it being understood that their chief effect was to permit people to eat butter and eggs upon fast days. 1893 Westm. Gaz. 25 Feb. 5/3 In Italy, butter is prohibited [in Lent]... The Northerners, however,..would have none of this, and special ‘butter-letters’ were consequently dispatched to them from the obliging Vatican. butterman n. (a) a man who makes or sells butter; †(b) Nautical a topsail schooner whose topgallant yard is raised and lowered by halyards as required, rather than forming a fixed part of the vessel's rigging; cf. butter-rigged adj. (obsolete).Recorded earliest as a surname. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-maker butterman1296 butter wife?1542 butter-woman1612 churner1888 butter maker2016 society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions > seller of butter butterman1296 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [noun] > with specific rig > fore and aft rigged > schooner > schooner-rigged vessels schooner-frigate1799 mackinaw boat1812 ballahoo1815 schooner barge1819 Jack1845 schooner-yacht1876 bugeye1877 jackass schooner1879 buckeye1885 butterman1885 schooner yawl1889 ram1904 Tancook schooner1933 goelette1948 1296–7 in L. M. Midgley Ministers' Accts. Earldom of Cornwall (1945) II. 187 Et de 2s. de domo que fuit Ricardi buttermon. 1301 in W. Brown Yorks. Lay Subsidy (1897) 51 Thoma Butterman. 1581 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1882) IV. 218 Gilbert Primrose, butterman. 1758 Centinel 28 Apr. 82 It is directed ‘to the reverend Mr. Hurden in Clare market, cheesemonger and butterman, London’. 1885 Daily Tel. 26 Nov. 8/4 ‘There,’ said I one day, pointing to a very smart schooner that was passing, ‘goes a pretty little vessel.’ ‘Aye,’ answered the 'longshoreman whom I had addressed, ‘a butterman.’ 1925 I. Gershwin Ukulele Lorelei (song) in Compl. Lyrics (1993) 64/3 Beggar man and duke, Butter men from Dubuque, Ev'ryone surrenders when you play your uke. 2000 Guardian 6 June i. 17/1 Yesterday the Office for National Statistics (ONS) deleted coal pickers, buttermen..and several other manual jobs from its official list of occupations. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-print butter mark?c1475 butter print1616 butter stamp1820 butter mould1834 roller print1969 ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 20v A Buttir marke. 1735 J. Atkins Voy. Guinea 66 The Impress of a Butter mark on Putty. 1857 Huddersfield Chron. & W. Yorks. Advertiser 7 Feb. Dairy utensils, viz., barrel churn, wood bowl, butter-mark, sieve..cans, &c. butter market n. (a) an area or building in a marketplace designated for the sale of dairy goods and other home produce (now chiefly historical); (now usually) an area or building in a city or town formerly used for this purpose; (b) the economic sector concerned with commercial dealings in butter. ΚΠ 1615 J. Stephens Satyrical Ess. 267 You must conceiue amisse of the shambles, or butter-market vpon her honesty. 1754 R. Denson New Travellers Compan. v. 131 The butter market has nothing remarkable but a square building where goods are weighed. 1849 Maine Farmer 4 Jan. We believe that, especially in our large cities, one of the most active causes of domestic infelicity lies in the fluctuant state of the butter market. 1917 Scotsman 5 Nov. 8/4 At the Carlisle butter market on Saturday there were tumultuous scenes caused by the shortage of butter supplies and an attempt by dealers to buy wholesale. 1992 Holiday Which? Sept. 189/2 The open-sided buttermarket with a fine beamed ceiling, is in the centre of the town. 2004 Livestock, Dairy, & Poultry Outlook (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 27 July 5/2 Butter markets are expected to remain unsettled. butter mould n. a hollow container, often of a decorative design, in which butter is left to set so that it assumes the container's shape. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-print butter mark?c1475 butter print1616 butter stamp1820 butter mould1834 roller print1969 1834 Metrop. Mag. Oct. 168 Churns of mahogany, and butter-moulds of satin-wood were seen in one place. 1932 L. I. Wilder Little House in Big Woods ii. 23 On the loose bottom of the wooden butter-mold was carved the picture of a strawberry with two strawberry leaves. 2001 C. H. Wendel Encycl. Antique Tools & Machinery 57/1 Likewise, such items as butter molds are often very expensive when made of wood. butter-mouth n. †(a) a Dutchman (obsolete); (b) a person who disarms and persuades others through the artful, ingratiating, or disingenuous use of language.In sense (a) with reference to the fact that the Dutch were regarded as prolific eaters of butter (cf. butterbox n. and butterbag n.).First used in quot. a1549 as the humorous first name of a fictitious casuist. [Compare earlier, probably independent, use as a personal name or nickname in Middle English, as Johannem Butermuth (1218), Rob. Buttermouth (1327).] ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of the Low Countries > [adjective] > Dutch butter-moutha1549 Dutchkin1576 Hollandish1611 vanden1639 butterbag1645 hogan1651 hogen mogen1653 butter bowzy1719 Batavian1795 Dutchy1862 a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) 147 I am a Flemyng, what for all that?.. ‘Buttermouth Flemyng’, men doth me call. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. i. iii.50 Because they [sc. the Netherlanders] feede much on butter, they are called butter mouthes. 1865 Latter-day Saints' Millennial Star 26 Apr. 533/2 The said book, nevertheless, is not to be understood literally, to mean what it says or say what it means, but it must be subjected to the spiritualizing and commentating process of modern priests, such as the Rev. Buttermouth Poundtext. 1896 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Sentinel 1 Nov. He's too gol-dang polite, that feller is; I don't like such butter-mouth chaps. 2004 M. T. Anderson in M. McCafferty Sixteen 282 I held out my hand. I said, ‘Any friend of Pyrrho's is a friend of ours.’ Dipsus sprang back. ‘Don't you try that on Dipsus, butter-mouth!’ butter muslin n. a thin, loosely woven cloth with a fine mesh used for various purposes, esp. to wrap butter and to strain the whey from the curd during cheese-making; (also) a piece of such cloth. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > cotton > [noun] > fine, light, or delicate > muslin > for wrapping butter butter cloth1540 butter muslin1884 1884 Colman's Rural World 29 May 174/2 The top of tub of butter is smoothed, a clean piece of ‘butter-muslin’ is neatly laid on. 1906 C. W. Walker-Tisdale & T. R. Robinson Buttermaking 55 Place a damp butter-muslin over the roller and butter-board. 2003 E. Powell tr. S. Jamal Arabian Flavours 42 If the cucumber is large, you must put the slices in some butter muslin or a colander to get rid of the juice, squeezing them with your hands. butter oil n. (a) oil obtained from butter; (in later use spec.) oil obtained by processing butter to remove water and milk solids; (b) a refined oil obtained from cotton seed, used to make margarine (now historical and rare). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > vegetable oil or margarine palm oil1625 vegetable oil1651 butter of mace1694 Negro-oil1753 sunflower oil1768 Galam butter1782 vegetable butter1790 vegetable fat1797 winter oil1811 butter substitute1834 red palm oil1836 butter oil1844 shea butter1847 palm butter1848 vegetable lard1859 palm-kernel oil1863 butterine1866 margarine1873 oleomargarine1873 bosch1879 oleo1884 oleo oil1884 vegetable shortening1892 Nucoline1894 almond butter1895 nut butter1896 Nutter1906 marge1919 Maggie Ann1931 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 maggie1971 canola oil1982 1844 J. F. W. Johnston Lect. Applic. Chem. & Geol. to Agric. (new ed.) xx. 559 Butter oil. The liquid fat expressed from butter has the appearance of an oil, sometimes colourless, but often tinged of a yellow colour. 1881 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 9 Dec. (advt.) Cotton Butter Oil, Manufactured from Refined Cotton Seed Oils. 1902 Internat. Lib. Technol.: Cottonseed Oil & Products §41. 5 One great outlet for cottonseed oil is its use in the manufacture of oleomargarine, or, as it is commonly known, butterine. The quality of oil used for this purpose is that known as butter oil. 1911 Bull. Kansas State Board Health 7 121 It [sc. evaporated milk] should contain no added butter or butter oil incorporated either with whole milk or skimmed milk..at any stage of manufacture. 1922 National Provisioner 12 Aug. 35/1 (advt.) Cottonseed Oils..Union Choice Butter Oil, Supreme White Butter Oil. 1929 Cotton Oil Press Sept. 50 (advt.) Refiners of White butter oil—Yellow cooking oil—Salad oil. 1998 Bakers' Rev. Mar. 46/4 (advt.) Suppliers of butter, butteroil and fractionates, sweetened condensed milk and a full range of standard and specialised milk powders. butter paper n. any of various types of semi-transparent waterproof paper used in cooking or to wrap food; (also) a piece of such paper. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > paper > [noun] > wrapping-papers cap-paper1577 packing paper1590 cap1620 German Lombard1712 wrapping-paper1715 butter paper1727 whitey-brown1761 kitchen paper?1782 emporetic1790 tea-paper1814 needle paper1852 small hand1853 grocer's paper1861 tobacco paper1877 grocery-paper1883 greaseproof paper1894 chip paper1935 toffee paper1958 1727 E. Smith Compl. Housewife 131 Butter Papers three double, one white, two brown. 1898 J. A. E. Roundell Pract. Cookery Bk. x. 386 All Sandwiches which have to be packed either for sportsmen or for travellers should be packed in butter paper. 2016 Times 24 Sept. (Weekend) 15 At home he would cook it [sc. venison] gently in a pan, then protect it with butter paper and place it in a 150C/gas 2 oven. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > ill nature in woman or shrewishness > [noun] > shrew scoldc1175 shrewc1386 viragoc1386 scolder1423 common scold1467 wild cat1570 vixen1575 callet1577 termagant1578 (Long) Meg of Westminster1589 butter whore1592 cotquean1593 scrattop1593 scoldsterc1600 butter-quean1613 Xantippea1616 fury1620 Tartar1669 fish-woman1698 cross-patch1699 Whitechapel fortune1734 brimstone1751 randy1762 fish-fag1786 rantipole1790 skellata1810 skimmington1813 targer1822 skellat-bell1827 catamaran1834 nagster1873 yenta1923 1613 T. Jackson Eternall Truth Script. i. ii. §3. viii. 162 This Synode vseth this Apology better beseeming a scolding butter queane then such as should be reuerend Fathers. 1650 H. More Observ. Anthroposophia Theomagica 44 You..bark and scold into the air (that is in general) more cursedly and bitterly then any butter-quean. 1693 T. Rymer Short View Trag. sig. H3v His words flow in abundance; no Butter-Quean can be more lavish. 1752 True Briton 11 Oct. 180 Each scolded, as bad, as a—Butter-Quean Woman. butter-rigged adj. Nautical designating a topsail schooner whose topgallant yard is raised and lowered by halyards as required, rather than forming a fixed part of the vessel's rigging; cf. butterman n. [So called because this type of craft was commonly used by traders to carry butter from the Netherlands.] ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [adjective] > rigged > in specific ways lateen1540 high-riggeda1547 tall1548 well-rigged1577 under-sailed1599 over-rigged1627 schooner-rigged1769 sloop-rigged1769 ketch-rigged1775 spritsail1791 brig-rigged1796 square-rigged1802 ship-rigged1803 taunt-rigged1825 Bermudian-rigged1846 Bermudian1847 maphrodite1849 bark-rigged1858 butter-rigged1881 jackass rigged1883 1881 W. C. Russell Ocean Free-lance III. iv. 121 The little wooden cabin of a butter-rigged schooner. 1885 Daily Tel. 26 Nov. 8/4 A butter-rigged schooner's a vessel that sets her t'gall't sail flying. The yard comes down on the taw'sa'l yard, and the sails is furled together. 1948 B. Lubbock in C. E. Fayle et al. Trade Winds iv. 95 There are probably few people today who can say what was meant by a butter-rigged schooner. A butter-rigged schooner set her topgallant sail flying; the topgallant yard had no lifts, and when the sail had to be taken in the yard was lowered down on to the topsail yard, and the sail furled in with the topsail. butter salt n. now historical fine common salt in small crystals obtained by rapid evaporation of brine, used in salting butter. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > salt > [noun] > types of salt salt-stonea1000 saltc1000 white saltOE bay-salt1465 rock salt1562 salt upon salt1580 mineral salt1600 sea salt1601 French salt1617 verge-salt1656 table salt1670 pigeon salt1679 salt-cakec1702 tamarisk salt1712 cat-salt1724 butter salt1749 basket-salt1753 Sunday salt1756 rock1807 stoved salt1808 solar salt1861 fishery-salt1883 gros sel1917 1749 Wealth Great Brit. in Ocean 52 The Dutch prepare two kinds of refined salt, the one of a small grain, which they call butter salt, which is for domestic use. 1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Butter salt, salt-making term. A fine boiled salt, not stoved, used specially for making up butter. 2016 Archaeol. Ireland 30 iv. 24/3 Salt-producers in Cheshire in the early decades of the 1900s made..dairy or butter salt. butter scale n. (in singular and plural) a device used for weighing butter; (also, in singular) the pan or surface on which butter is placed in scales consisting of two pans and a beam. ΚΠ 1615 E. Sharpe Britaines Busse sig. Bv Wodden Butter-scales a paire. ?1801 Irish Agric. Mag. 1 No. 4. 357 The butter scales are then taken out of the salt water..and evenly balanced with butter. 1845 Christian Advocate & Jrnl. 17 Sept. 24/3 He then took a lump of the forfeited butter from the basket, and put it in a scale against a pound weight, and up flew the butter scale. 1849 Liverpool Mercury 26 Jan. 2/5 John Sinclair, provision dealer, 7, Wood-street, 1 dr. [=dram] copper under butter scale, £1. 2001 Financial Times 18 Aug. (Weekend FT section) p. iv/3 His uncle's farm shop used flat, fossilised remains of sea urchins as weights for the butter-scales. butter scoop n. a wooden scoop used to extract butter from a churn or container. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > tool for sampling or serving butter butter scoop1781 butter trier1825 butter spade1851 1781 Catal. Houshold Goods H. Brownrigg (J. Braxton, Auctioneer) 82 A paste mould, and eight scollop shells. Three ditto with handles, a turnip, and butter scoop. 1872 O. W. Holmes Poet at Breakfast-table i. 2 As the market people run a butter-scoop through a firkin. 1995 A. McAllister in J. Dailey et al. Marry me, Cowboy! (1997) iv. 329 ‘And that,’ she said as the woman picked up a hand-size squared-off wooden scoop, ‘is a butter scoop.’ butter slide n. a surface which, as a practical joke, has been lubricated with butter (or occasionally other substances) so that it is too slippery to walk on; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [noun] > slippery smoothness > slippery surface, part, or object slide1688 butter slide1843 mudslide1856 slither1919 snow slide1927 1843 Punch 12 Aug. 72/1 Nor shall the clown in future make butter slides before the doors of respectable shopkeepers,..to throw down those customers by whom they get a livelihood. 1887 O. Wilde in Court & Society Rev. 2 Mar. 207/2 He met with a severe fall, through treading on a butter-slide, which the twins had constructed. 1927 W. E. Collinson Contemp. Eng. 20 Ice to make slides (if very slippery sometimes called a butterslide). 1953 N. Frye in Hudson Rev. 6 443 This determinism is then projected historically as the Great Western Butterslide,..which..has finally landed us all in that Pretty Pass in which we are today. 2003 Spectator (Nexis) 18 Oct. 54 Boisterous singing and often dangerous horseplay (‘butter slides’ et al.) brighten up dull days, of which there are many. butter spade n. (a) a wooden spatula used to work butter; a small shovel used to remove butter from a churn or container; (b) a wooden paddle used (as one of a pair) to shape butter; a butter pat (butter pat n. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > tool for sampling or serving butter butter scoop1781 butter trier1825 butter spade1851 1851 H. Stephens & J. P. Norton Farmer's Guide Sci. & Pract. Agric. II. 279/2 A butter spade of a shape long used in a dairy, the face being 4 inches square, and the handle 4 inches long. 1906 Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 119/1 An old Dublin butter-spade with ivory handle. 2013 Helensburgh (Scotl.) Advertiser (Nexis) 8 May A 70-year-old pair of butter spades, a family heirloom that comes with the story of the lost art of making bespoke butter pats. butter stamp n. an engraved wooden block used to imprint decorative motifs on butter; a butter print (butter print n. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-print butter mark?c1475 butter print1616 butter stamp1820 butter mould1834 roller print1969 1820 New-Eng. Galaxy & Masonic Mag. 4 Feb. 67/4 (advt.) Butter Stamps. 1926 Wisconsin Mag. Hist. 9 372 An iron kettle, butter stamp, snuff box, spectacles, and articles of clothing. 2011 P. Shelton Fruit of All Evil xvii. 174 At the end of the machine, on large worktables, were butter stamps that pressed designs into finished butter. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-pat butter pat1790 butter stick1830 Scotch hand1882 1830 Edinb. New Philos. Jrnl. 8 364 This milk is then beaten with a kind of butter stick, and poured into an earthen pot or other vessel. 1921 Ann. Rep. Amer. Hist. Assoc. 1918 342 It is then beaten and worked well with a butter stick or paddle several different times in the course of the day untill [sic] all the fluid is pressed out. butter substitute n. any of various substances used as a spread or in cooking as an alternative to butter, esp. one simulating its properties. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > vegetable oil or margarine palm oil1625 vegetable oil1651 butter of mace1694 Negro-oil1753 sunflower oil1768 Galam butter1782 vegetable butter1790 vegetable fat1797 winter oil1811 butter substitute1834 red palm oil1836 butter oil1844 shea butter1847 palm butter1848 vegetable lard1859 palm-kernel oil1863 butterine1866 margarine1873 oleomargarine1873 bosch1879 oleo1884 oleo oil1884 vegetable shortening1892 Nucoline1894 almond butter1895 nut butter1896 Nutter1906 marge1919 Maggie Ann1931 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 maggie1971 canola oil1982 1834 Berrow's Worcester Jrnl. 16 Oct. (advt.) Imperial Jambonade (or Butter Substitute). 1906 Macmillan's Mag. June 607 What are termed ‘butter-substitutes’,—in other words, fraudulent adulterants. 1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) x. 150 For many years butter substitutes have been in use under the collective name of margarine. 2017 @KatherineHunt15 5 Feb. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Always had a spreadable butter substitute in our refrigerator until my husband showed me an article on how it's made. butter tongs n. a pair of tongs used for picking up and transferring butter. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > tongs steak-tongs1845 butter tongs1866 1866 Amer. Artisan 15 Aug. 236/3 In combination with the plates or pads, D, of the butter tongs, as described, I claim the indentations or ridges, c, formed in or upon said plates, as and for the purposes set forth. 1913 Hotel Monthly Dec. 7/2 In the pantry of Greene's Hotel, Philadelphia, there is a big sign which reads: Keep fingers off butter. Use butter tongs. 2004 D. Cosper Wedding Season 15 Who cares, I argued, whether I eat my salad with the salad fork or the oyster fork or the butter tongs? butter trier n. U.S. a metal implement consisting of a long tube or curved blade used for taking samples of butter in order to assess its freshness and consistency. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > tool for sampling or serving butter butter scoop1781 butter trier1825 butter spade1851 1825 Providence (Rhode Island) Patriot 21 Dec. (advt.) Cheese and butter Tryers. 1923 National Poultry, Butter & Egg Bull. July 2/1 (advt.) Special Butter Trier for cold storage work, extra heavy, with brass handle. 2009 R. L. Bradley & M. Smukowski in S. Clark et al. Sensory Eval. Dairy Products (ed. 2) vi. 145 The judge should grasp the butter trier firmly in hand and insert the sampling device as near as possible to the center of the butter sample. Butter Week n. a festival celebrated by Eastern Slavic countries and communities, esp. those belonging to the Orthodox Church, in the week preceding Great Lent.Meat is prohibited during Butter Week, and it is the last week that dairy products can be consumed prior to the Lent fast. [After Old Russian, Russian Maslenica (1543 or earlier; < maslenyj (adjective) of or relating to butter + -ica suffix forming nouns); compare also the considerably rarer Maslenaja nedelja, lit. ‘butter week’ (14th cent. or earlier).] ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > fast > [noun] > period of > of a week > allowing butter Butter Week1589 1589 A. Jenkinson in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations ii. 337 The weeke before Shroftide, they call the Butter weeke. 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. I. 384 The Butter-week..when eating of flesh is forbidden and butter is allowed, is the week immediately preceding the great Fast of Lent. 1843 tr. J. G. Kohl Russia & Russians, 1842 II. xxv. 136 ‘Forgive me! it is the Butter-week!’ is the excuse invariably pleaded by every tipsy person. 2013 @ATasteOfUkraine 16 Mar. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Have you had a chance to stop by and celebrate Butter week with us today? We have fresh hot blini. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > a system or standard of weighing > for specific substances butter weight1733 the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] > plenty or more than one reckons on lumping pennyworth?1706 butter weight1733 1733 J. Swift On Poetry 28 Yet, why should we be lac'd so straight; I'll give my [monarch] Butter-weight. 1829 Trans. Highland Soc. Scotl. 1 355 The largest size should not exceed 84 lb. gross, or 3 stones Aberdeen butter weight, that being the size used in Ireland, and most convenient and saleable in the London market. 1878 Notes & Queries 23 Nov. 410/1 Butter-weight means full legal weight and something more. 1906 Bedford (Indiana) Weekly Mail 11 May Be sure to give me butter weight, now, for I've been a long time customer of yours. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > ill nature in woman or shrewishness > [noun] > shrew scoldc1175 shrewc1386 viragoc1386 scolder1423 common scold1467 wild cat1570 vixen1575 callet1577 termagant1578 (Long) Meg of Westminster1589 butter whore1592 cotquean1593 scrattop1593 scoldsterc1600 butter-quean1613 Xantippea1616 fury1620 Tartar1669 fish-woman1698 cross-patch1699 Whitechapel fortune1734 brimstone1751 randy1762 fish-fag1786 rantipole1790 skellata1810 skimmington1813 targer1822 skellat-bell1827 catamaran1834 nagster1873 yenta1923 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. G3v Thou arrant butterwhore, thou cotqueane, & scrattop of scoldes. 1680 M. Stevenson Wits Paraphras'd 111 Foaming at mouth, think how I rore, And bait thee like a Butter-whore. 1776 J. Leacock Fall Brit. Tyranny iv. vii. 52 Scolding and quarrelling like a parcel of damn'd butter whores. butter wife n. now historical a woman who makes or sells butter; cf. butter-woman n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-maker butterman1296 butter wife?1542 butter-woman1612 churner1888 butter maker2016 society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions > seller of butter > woman butter wife?1542 butter-woman1612 ?1542 H. Brinkelow Complaynt Roderyck Mors vi. sig. B8 Not so moch as the poore butter wife, but she is spoyled. 1639 J. Clarke Paroemiologia 275 To scould like butter-wives. 1891 J. M. Barrie Little Minister (1900) v. 38 The stones on which the butter wives sat have disappeared, and with them the clay walls and the outside stairs. 2014 W. T. Vollmann Last Stories 405 Butterwives who'd sold their fat sweet cows for next to nothing. butter-woman n. now historical a woman who makes or sells butter; cf. butter wife n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-maker butterman1296 butter wife?1542 butter-woman1612 churner1888 butter maker2016 society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions > seller of butter > woman butter wife?1542 butter-woman1612 1612 J. Webster White Divel sig. D3 Reapers and Butter-women, amongst Fishmongers And thousand other trades, which are annoyed By his excessiue heate. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. i. 41 Tongue, I must put you into a Butter-womans mouth..if you prattle mee into these perilles. View more context for this quotation 1748 H. Walpole Let. 3 Sept. (1941) IX. 75 He there made her discover her family, a butter woman in Craven Street. 1883 Punch 24 Feb. 87 The five Royal Commissioners in their butterwoman's cloaks. 2007 P. Doherty Poison Maiden v. 125 Two butter-women involved in a shouting match over who should sell their goods where. butter worker n. a hand-operated device for pressing the buttermilk out of butter, consisting of a roller or paddle attached to a tray fashioned to allow drainage. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > tool for pressing butter butter worker1839 1839 W. W. Townsend Dairyman's Man. 74 We have used his butter-worker and churn for some years. 1885 J. J. Manley in Brit. Almanac 18 The butter-milk and water are carefully pressed out in one of Bradford's butter workers. 2007 Portland (Maine) Press Herald (Nexis) 25 Sept. b1 ‘It squishes all the liquid out of it,’ Elijah explained as he turned the crank on an antique butter worker. butter working n. the removal of moisture from butter; (also) the moulding of butter into pats or decorative forms. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > churning butter > butter-pat > process of making butter working1843 1843 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1842 113 (table) in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (27th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Doc. 109) II Butter-working, machines for. 1906 Daily Chron. 25 Sept. 2/6 One is reluctantly obliged to conclude that butter-working is a lost art amongst grocers' assistants. 2016 V. B. Alvarez in R. C. Chandan et al. Dairy Processing & Quality Assurance (ed. 2) xix. 474/2 Observable patches or streaks of butter with a darker or lighter shade of yellow are the main characteristics of this defect. Insufficient butter working will cause this problem. butter yellow n. now historical a yellow azo dye derived from dimethylaniline, used as a food additive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs weldc1374 turmeric1545 yellow berry1652 fust1682 Avignon berry1728 eel-pout1736 yellowroot1755 quercitron1785 brass-colour1797 fustet1821 tesu1823 morin1833 datiscin1835 maize1838 picric acid1838 xanthin1838 moric acid1839 purree1844 nitrophenisic acid1845 rubiacin1848 flavin1853 orellin1857 fustic1858 maize colour1859 fusteric1860 Manchester yellow1862 chrysaniline1864 ilixanthin1865 flavaniline1882 sun-yellow1884 butter yellow1887 African turmeric1888 Indian turmeric1890 weld yellow1899 1887 Jrnl. Soc. Chem. Industry 31 Oct. 657 (table) Butter yellow. Aniline-azodimethyl-aniline. 1956 Nature 24 Mar. 576/2 Rat liver tumours induced by butter yellow. 2014 H. Stoff in T. Ortiz-Gómez & M. J. Santesmases Gendered Drugs & Med. (2016) i. 28 In the case of butter yellow, not only the..biochemical experts but also the women's organisations, reacted strongly against the azo dye. C4. In the names of plants and animals.Cf. butterbur n., buttercup n. and adj., butterfish n., butterflower n., butterfly n., butterwort n., etc. butter and eggs n. any of various plants having flowers in two shades of yellow; esp. yellow toadflax, Linaria vulgaris. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Scrophulariaceae (figwort and allies) > [noun] > toadflax or cancer-wort wild flaxa1400 cankerwortc1400 sulfc1450 linary1548 gall-wort1577 herb fluellin1578 toad-flax1578 cancerwort1597 flax-weed1597 linaria1597 butter and eggs1756 fluellin1756 1756 J. Hill Brit. Herbal 109/1 Linaria vulgaris. Our common people, from the mixture of a very pale and deep yellow, call it Butter and eggs. 1880 R. Jefferies Round about Great Estate 83 In shady woodlands the toadflax or butter-and-eggs is often pale,—a sulphur colour. 1930 Dept. Agric. & Immigration Virginia Bull. No. 274. 23/1 (advt.) Jonquils, butter and eggs, narcissus, tiger lilies 25c–12; $1.50–100. 2008 Independent 17 July (Extra section) 9 The gorgeous yellow and orange of this snap-dragon-like flower has earned it the nickname Butter and Eggs. butter and tallow tree n. Brit. /ˌbʌtər (ə)n(d) ˈtaləʊ triː/ , U.S. /ˌbədər ən ˈtæloʊ ˌtri/ , West African English /ˌbɔta an ˌtalo ˈtri/ now rare a large evergreen West African tree, Pentadesma butyracea (family Clusiaceae), with seeds yielding a solid fat used as a source of food; also called butter tree, tallow tree.ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plant, nut, or bean yielding oil > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding oil > African tallow-tree1704 butter and tallow tree1795 1795 Acct. Colony Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Company 235 Butter and Tallow Tree. This is common in low lands about Freetown. 1896 Let. 4 Apr. in Bull. Misc. Information (Royal Gardens, Kew) (1897) No. 130. 312 I have the honour to forward by this mail steamer, a box containing seeds of Pentadesma butyracea, the butter and tallow tree of Sierra Leone. 1911 Bay View Mag. Nov. 142/1 The butter and tallow tree sometimes attains a height of seventy feet. 2006 J. F. DeMouthe Nat. Materials iv. 89 In western Africa, Pentadesma butyracea is called the tallow tree or the butter-and-tallow tree because the oil derived from its fruit is used like butter. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > member of genus Anas (miscellaneous) spirit1747 Baikal or Japanese teal1785 butter-back1791 parera1835 geelbek1867 1791 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina ii. x. 295 A[nas] minor picta; the little black and white duck called butterback. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 213 Little black and white duck, called Butter Back (Anas minor picta). 1925 J. C. Phillips Nat. Hist. Ducks III. 334 Vernacular Names. English: Buffle-head, Butter-ball, Butter Duck, Butter-back, Butter-box, [etc.]. butter bird n. chiefly Caribbean (now rare) the bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus, which was formerly used as food. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > family Icteridae > [noun] > genus Dolichonyx (bobolink) ortolan1666 ricebird1709 reed-bird1764 bobolink1774 rice bunting1781 butter bird1790 October bird1793 skunk blackbird1829 skunk bird1831 rice troupial1836 meadow-wink1884 1790 Short Journey in W. Indies II. 90 It is of the size of a large pigeon and as fat as a butter bird, but its flavour is peculiar. 1883 Standard 26 Dec. They [sc. bobolinks]..grow so fat that they receive the name of ‘butter birds’. 1956 M. Jeffrey-Smith Bird-watching in Jamaica 77 Not many would recognise the Bobolink of Canada..as our own Butter Bird or October Pink. 2014 W. Young Fascination of Birds vii. 19 Bobolinks used to be called butter birds by hunters who killed the fat birds for meat, especially in the Caribbean. butterbush n. (a) U.S. the buttonbush, Cephalanthus occidentalis; (b) Australian any of several pittosporums native to Australia; spec. Pittosporum phillyraeoides, which has hard, pale timber, yellow flowers, and orange fruit with dark red seeds; cf. cheesewood n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > Australasian tallow-tree1704 rata1773 rosewood1779 red mahogany1798 ironbark1799 wild orange1802 red gum1803 rewarewa1817 red cedar1818 black-butted gum1820 Huon pine1820 miro1820 oak1821 horoeka1831 hinau1832 maire1832 totara1832 blackbutt1833 marri1833 raspberry jam tree1833 kohekohe1835 puriri1835 tawa1839 hickory1840 whau1840 pukatea1841 titoki1842 butterbush1843 iron gum1844 York gum1846 mangeao1848 myall1848 ironheart1859 lilly-pilly1860 belah1862 flindosa1862 jarrah1866 silky oak1866 teak of New South Wales1866 Tolosa-wood1866 turmeric-tree1866 walking-stick palm1869 tooart1870 queenwood1873 tarairi1873 boree1878 yate1880 axe-breaker1884 bangalay1884 coachwood1884 cudgerie1884 feather-wood1884 forest mahogany1884 maiden's blush1884 swamp mahogany1884 tallow-wood1884 teak of New Zealand1884 wandoo1884 heartwood1885 ivorywood1887 Jimmy Low1887 Burdekin plum1889 corkwood1889 pigeon-berry ash1889 red beech1889 silver beech1889 turnip-wood1891 black bean1895 red bean1895 pinkwood1898 poplar1898 rose mahogany1898 quandong1908 lancewood1910 New Zealand honeysuckle1910 Queensland walnut1919 mahogany gum1944 Australian mahogany1948 1843 J. Torrey Flora State N.Y. I. 313 (heading) Cephalanthus occidentalis, Linn. Butter-bush, or Pond-Dogwood. 1885 J. E. Brown Forest Flora S. Austral. v. 25 Pittosporum phillyræoides (De Candolle). The Poison-Berry Tree... In the far north,..it is called ‘Butter Bush’. 1936 I. L. Idriess Cattle King xxviii. 252 The rabbits had killed all the white wood, apple-bush and butter-bush. 1978 Phosphate Leasing Osceola National Forest Florida: Final Environmental Impact Statement (U.S. Dept. Interior) ii. 51/2 Under story—greenbriar, Virginia willow, sweet pepperbush, butter bush and large gallberry. 2011 Austral. Financial News (Nexis) 11 June 52 The butterbush—a native pittosporum—is extremely drought and frost tolerant but can become a pest in protected and tropical areas. butter clam n. chiefly Canadian a large edible bivalve mollusc, Saxidomus gigantea (family Veneridae), occurring off the Pacific coasts of North America. [Apparently so called on account of its suitability for eating.] ΚΠ 1899 Industr. Freedom (Edison, Washington) 1 Apr. 4/2 Oyster creek empties into the bay and the butter clam is found along the beach. 1957 M. Sharcott Troller's Holiday 79 They were fat butter clams, four or five inches across the shell, but there weren't enough of them. 2006 Canad. Geographic Sept. 52/1 You tell them, I want a butter clam, a horse clam, a littleneck, and they'll go get them. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > unspecified breezea1300 drumblec1350 gagrill14.. bug1594 bud-cutter1693 butter-cutter1704 cane-fly1750 whistle-insect1760 bush-worm1796 gogga1909 nunu1913 minibeast1973 1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. v. x. 100 To have the end of their new Shoots..cut off by a little black round Insect, call'd Bud-Cutter.] 1704 G. London & H. Wise J. de la Quintinie's Compl. Gard'ner (ed. 4) II. v. x. 162 The end of their new Shoots intirely cut off by a little black round Insect, called Butter-cutter. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > dew > [noun] > types of night-dewa1398 May-dew?a1425 rosmarine1616 butterdew1724 mountain dew1782 1696 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 223 For a good part of last Winter and Spring, there fell in several places, a kind of thick Dew, which the Country People called Butter, from the Consistency and Colour of it.] 1724 W. Nicolson Irish Hist. Libr. 14 Bishop Ash's and Mr. Van's account of Butter-Dew, &c. 1695, 1696. 1841 Gardener's Chron. 23 Oct. 700/3 This Butterdew is probably of the same nature as that substance which in Scotland is called Witch's-butter. butterdock n. any of several dock plants (genus Rumex), esp. R. obtusifolius, having large leaves which were formerly used to wrap butter; (also occasionally) the common butterbur, Petasites vulgaris.Cf. butter leaves n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Polygonaceae (dock and allies) > [noun] > dock and allies red dockeOE dockc1000 rhubarbc1390 docken1423 patience?a1425 round dock1526 Rumex1565 wild patience1578 bloody dock1597 monk's rhubarb1597 Welsh sorrel1640 butterdock1688 mountain rhapontic1728 mountain sorrel1753 Rheum1753 redshank1810 patience dock1816 fiddle-dock1823 canaigre1868 nettle-docken1891 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. vi. §xxv. 102/2 Butter Dock, or Rubarbe,..having a large crumpled leaf..with long stalks. 1807 T. Martyn Miller's Gardener's & Botanist's Dict. (rev. ed.) II. ii. at Rumex R[umex] acutus... The leaves were formerly much used for wrapping up butter; and that hence this species was commonly known by the name of Butter Dock. 1950 C. Porteous Derbyshire v. 53 By the stream a robust display of butter docks, their plump blossoms just freshly out and their leaves unworn. 2002 Daily Tel. 18 Jan. 10/5 Butterbur, also known as exwort, bog rhubarb and butterdock, grows in Europe, north Africa and south west Asia. butter-duck n. U.S. a duck that acquires a layer of fat in the autumn; esp. the bufflehead, Bucephala albeola.Cf. butter-back n., butterball n. 2a, butterbox n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > genus Melanitta > melanitta perspicillata (surf-scoter) surf duck1814 surf scoter1833 butter-duck1853 surf coot1885 1853 F. A. Pulszky & T. W. Pulszky White, Red, Black II. iv. 115 Dark butterducks, disturbed by the paddling of the steamer, flutter up in advance of the boat. 1857 J. G. Swan Northwest Coast 357 The Colonel saw a ‘butter-duck’ in a shallow creek... These ducks are the black surf-duck (Fuligula perspicillata). 1989 Peterson's Hunting Ann. 1990 63/2 Ringneck ducks, lesser scaup, redheads, and buffleheads (or butter ducks as some old-timers call them), probably frequent small ponds more than any other species of diving ducks. 2006 N. Vida Texicans (Electronic ed.) He watched the prairie dogs flick out of their burrows and the cranes and quail and butter-ducks flutter across the tree-shrouded stream. butterflip n. now rare and chiefly historical the avocet, Recurvirostra avosetta. [The motivation for the name is unclear.] ΚΠ 1802 G. Montagu Ornithol. Dict. at Avocet—Scooping Provincial [names]. Butter-flip. Scooper. Yelper. Picarini. Crooked-bill. Cobler's-awl. 1905 A. R. Forbes Gaelic Names Beasts ii. 234 Avocet... Avoset; Black and white avocet, butterflip; Clinker, cobbler's awl or awlduck. 1961 Entomologist 94 249 Among the names of birds, for instance, there is the ‘butterflip’ (Recurvirostra avocetta). butter fruit n. [in sense (a) after Malay buah mentega ( < buah fruit + mentega butter)] (a) a tropical persimmon tree native to the Philippines and Sri Lanka, Diospyros discolor, which produces a reddish-brown fruit with velvety skin and pale flesh; (b) an avocado; = butter pear n. (b). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > stone fruit > [noun] > avocado alligator pear1696 avocado1697 aguacate1758 marrow1763 butter fruit1902 butter pear1947 1902 Agric. Bull. Straits & Federated Malay States 1 532 The Butter fruit, Mabola of the Philippines, Diospyros discolor... The flesh [of the fruit] is cream coloured, and when properly ripened is of the softness of butter, whence its name. 1902 Carpología Mexicana (Boletin de la Sociedad Agricola Mexicana) 3 Ahuacate chico.—Persea gratissima. Gaert var.—Vegetable butter fruit.—Fruit d'avocatier. 1927 Overland Monthly Oct. 305/3 The ‘butter-fruit’ salad which you so much enjoy today will, doubtless, be far inferior to the brand which will be consumed by your children in the years to come. 1987 Perennial Edible Fruits of Tropics (U.S. Dept. Agric. Handbk. No. 642) viii. 239 The mabolo (also known as velvet apple and butter fruit), Diospyros disolor Willd. (family Ebenaceae), is perhaps the best of the tropical persimmons. 2015 J. S. Denker Carrot Purple 30 It has been variously called alligator pear, avocado pear, butter fruit, and butter pear. butterhead n. (more fully butterhead lettuce) any of several varieties of lettuce typically having a head of loosely bunched, tender leaves with a sweet, mild flavour; = butter lettuce n.The names butter, Boston, and bibb lettuce are often used interchangeably. ΚΠ 1840 Mag. Hort. Dec. 468 Lettuce of yellow Butterhead, Palantine, and white Cos kinds. 1928 Cornell Extension Bull. No. 176. 48 (caption) Big Boston, the best variety of butterhead lettuce for New York. 1991 Shepherd's Garden Seeds Catal. 29/2 Butterheads are gaining precedence here. Their gently folded heads of butter-flavored undulating leaves are prized for delicate texture and flavor that melts in your mouth. 2007 Times 13 July (times2 section) 10/4 I usually follow with a floppy butterhead lettuce salad to wipe round the plate. ΚΠ 1691 J. Ray N. Country Words in Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 12 Butter-jags, the Flowers of the Trifolium siliqua cornuta. 1776 W. Withering Bot. Arrangem. Veg. Great Brit. II. 461 Yellow Medick. Butterjags. 1815 Encycl. Londinensis XIII. 682/2 Lotus corniculata... In Yorkshire it is said to be called cheesecake-grass, and in some other counties, butterjags, and crow-toes. 1903 Country Life 21 Mar. 375/2 The mere clumsiness of such titles as ‘Butter-jags’ for the lady's slipper [sc. bird's-foot trefoil]..carries a ring of genuineness. butter leaves n. now historical and rare either of two herbaceous plants having (large) leaves which were formerly used to wrap butter: garden orache, Atriplex hortensis, and monk's rhubarb, Rumex alpinus; (also) the leaves themselves; cf. butterdock n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Chenopodiaccae (goose-foot and allies) > [noun] > salt bush or orach milesOE orachea1300 golden herb1562 notchweed1659 sea pot-herb1706 lamb's quarter1773 butter leaves1789 fat-hen1795 mountain spinach1822 sea-orach1845 salt bush1863 1789 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Glocestershire I. 285 What the dairywomen call ‘butter leaves’; namely, the leaves of the Atriplex hortensis, or garden orach; which dairywomen in general sow in their gardens, annually, for this purpose [i.e. for packing butter in]. 1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) 13/2 Butter leaves, the leaves of the mountain dock, Rumex alpinus, used for packing pounds of butter in the market-basket. 1933 House & Garden Nov. 74/3 Orach is a tall, somewhat branched annual formerly grown as a green. Its other English names are Butter Leaves, and Mountain Spinach. 2016 E. Khosrova Butter i. v. 97 Provincially called butter leaves, the plant was sown annually in the garden just for the purpose of enveloping and protecting butter. butter lettuce n. any of several varieties of lettuce typically having a head of loosely bunched, tender leaves with a sweet, mild flavour; = butterhead n. ΚΠ 1828 N.-Y. Farmer & Hort. Repository Oct. 239/1 I sow about the 10th of September, seed of the White Dutch, Simpson's Selisias, and the Butter or Lazey Lettuce. 1966 Sunset Salad Bk. (ed. 3) 52/2 1 large head butter lettuce, broken in bite-sized pieces. 2011 Yuma (Arizona) Sun 8 May b2/ Butter lettuce is very fragile. Select unwilted leaves with no signs of damage or yellowing. butter pear n. (a) any of several varieties of pear which have sweet, juicy flesh with a soft, buttery texture; = beurré n.1; (b) an avocado; = butter fruit n. (b). [In sense (a) after Middle French, French beurré , lit. ‘buttered’, in similar use (see beurré n.1).] ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > pear > [noun] > other types of pear calewey1377 choke-pear1530 muscadel1555 lording1573 bon-chrétienc1575 Burgundian pear1578 king pear1585 amiot1600 bergamot1600 butter pear1600 dew-pear1600 greening1600 bottle pear1601 gourd-pear1601 critling1611 pearc1612 nutmeg1629 rosewater pear1629 amber pear1638 Christian1651 chesil1664 diego1664 frith-pear1664 primate1664 saffron pear1664 Windsor pear1664 nonsuch1674 muscat1675 burnt-cat1676 ambrette1686 sanguinole1693 satin1693 St. Germain pear1693 amadot1706 burree1719 Doyenne1731 beurré1736 colmar1736 chaumontel1755 Marie Louise1817 seckel1817 vergaloo1828 Passe Colmar1837 glou-morceau1859 London sugar1860 Kieffer pear1880 sand pear1880 sandy pear1884 nashi1892 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of calewey1377 honey peara1400 pome-pear1440 pome-wardena1513 choke-pear1530 muscadel1555 worry pear1562 lording1573 bon-chrétienc1575 Burgundian pear1578 king pear1585 pound pear1585 poppering1597 wood of Jerusalem1597 muscadine1598 amiot1600 bergamot1600 butter pear1600 dew-pear1600 greening1600 mollart1600 roset1600 wax pear1600 bottle pear1601 gourd-pear1601 Venerian pear1601 musk pear1611 rose pear1611 pusill1615 Christian1629 nutmeg1629 rolling pear1629 surreine1629 sweater1629 amber pear1638 Venus-pear1648 horse-pear1657 Martin1658 russet1658 rousselet1660 diego1664 frith-pear1664 maudlin1664 Messire Jean1664 primate1664 sovereign1664 spindle-pear1664 stopple-pear1664 sugar-pear1664 virgin1664 Windsor pear1664 violet-pear1666 nonsuch1674 muscat1675 burnt-cat1676 squash pear1676 rose1678 Longueville1681 maiden-heart1685 ambrette1686 vermilion1691 admiral1693 sanguinole1693 satin1693 St. Germain pear1693 pounder pear1697 vine-pear1704 amadot1706 marchioness1706 marquise1706 Margaret1707 short-neck1707 musk1708 burree1719 marquis1728 union pear1728 Doyenne pear1731 Magdalene1731 beurré1736 colmar1736 Monsieur Jean1736 muscadella1736 swan's egg1736 chaumontel1755 St Michael's pear1796 Williams1807 Marie Louise1817 seckel1817 Bartlett1828 vergaloo1828 Passe Colmar1837 glou-morceau1859 London sugar1860 snow-pear1860 Comice1866 Kieffer pear1880 sand pear1880 sandy pear1884 snowy pear1884 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > stone fruit > [noun] > avocado alligator pear1696 avocado1697 aguacate1758 marrow1763 butter fruit1902 butter pear1947 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. xlix. 537 Garden, tender and delicate peares, such as..butter peare [Fr. beurree]. 1719 G. London & H. Wise J. de la Quintinie's Compl. Gard'ner (ed. 7) 52 The Burree..It's call'd the Butter Pear, because of its smooth, delicious, melting soft Pulp. 1861 North Amer. & U.S. Gaz. (Philadelphia) 18 Sept. Mrs. George Liggett..exhibited a dish of butter pears..—a fruit of surpassing beauty as well as flavor. 1886 Jrnl. Amer. Geogr. Soc. N.Y. 18 222 The gardens were..enclosed in high walls, above which rose the rich dark foliage of the ‘butter-pear’ and evergreen trees. 1947 C. M. Wilson Liberia iii. 31 The Liberian ‘butter pear’..makes all other avocados seem insipid. 1997 Los Angeles Mag. May 78/1 A couple of French butter pears with prosciutto de Parma and goat cheese before bed. 2010 Salt Lake Tribune (Nexis) 17 July Also known as ‘butter pears’, avocados are actually large berries belonging to the same plant family as cinnamon and camphor. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > aquatic, marsh, and sea-shore plants > [noun] > butterwort butter-root1597 butterwort1597 Pinguicula1597 Yorkshire sanicle1597 bog violet1713 steep-grass1777 yearning grass1814 steep-wort1886 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 645 In Yorkshire..it is called Butterwoorts, Butter roote, and white roote. 1791 E. Baylis New & Compl. Body Pract. Bot. Physic xxvii. 386 Usually Sanicula eboracensis, or Yorkshire Sanicle... It is termed in English Butter-wort, and Butter-root, because of the unctuosity of the leaves. 1901 J. Weathers Pract. Guide Garden Plants ii. 729/2 P. vulgaris (Bog Violet; Butter-root). A pretty British and Irish species, with bluntly oblong fleshy leaves. butter tree n. any of various tropical or subtropical trees having seeds from which a soft, oily fat is obtained; esp. shea, Vitellaria paradoxa; cf. butter and tallow tree n.shea butter tree: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plant, nut, or bean yielding oil > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding oil > tropical > butter-trees or bassia butter tree1798 shea-butter tree1799 phulwara1805 iluppai1832 Bassiac1865 1798 St. James's Chron. 16–19 Jan. There is another tree, which he [sc. Mr. Park] calls the butter-tree, because the kernels of its nuts afford a substance exactly resembling butter. 1808 W. Roxburgh in Jrnl. Nat. Philos., Chem., & Arts 19 Suppl. 372 (heading) A botanical and economical account of Bassia butyracea, or the East India Butter Tree. 1912 Sci. Amer. 24 Feb. 175/1 To the plants yielding such oils has been applied the name of ‘butter-trees’. 2016 Australian (Nexis) 23 July (Travel section) 9 Products are made using natural-origin, organic-certified shea butter extracted from the kernels of butter trees (Butyrospermum parkii). butterweed n. any of various herbaceous plants of the family Asteraceae, esp. of the genera Erigeron and Senecio, which are native to the Americas and have yellow flowers; also with distinguishing word. ΚΠ 1800 W. Dalrymple Treat. Culture Wheat 41 If Wheat, on Strong land, be sown too early, Black Bents and Butterweed will make their growth. 1911 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts 60 65/2 Erigeron Canadensis, called by the Canadians by the names of ‘Fleabane’, the name in England of E[rigeron] acre; and ‘Butter-weed’. 1986 Washinton Post (Nexis) 17 Oct. n4 The grasses begin to flatten into a dense mat patterned with yellow clumps of butterweed. 2004 C. Gurche Washington's Best Wildflower Hikes 79 Dwarf mountain butterweed, also a yellow composite, flourishes in the rocky rubble. C5. a. With of in the names of various substances resembling butter in appearance or consistency. butter of almonds n. now historical a creamy dessert made with sweetened ground almonds; = almond butter n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > [noun] > nut confections pinionade1329 butter of almonds?c1425 almond butter1502 almond comfit1569 sugar-almond1594 musk almond1675 praline1714 almond snow1723 almond1783 nougat1827 almond rock1841 burnt almond1850 pistachio candy1853 nougatine1868 noyau1899 gianduja1902 Montélimar1908 turron1918 ?c1425 Recipe in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Arun. 334) (1790) 447 Botyr of Almondes. Take almonde mylke, and let hit boyle, and in the boylinge cast therto a lytel wyn or vynegur. 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 102/1 Butter of almonds, made by adding blanched almonds to a preparation of cream and the whites of eggs boiled together. 1861 Our Eng. Home 151 Almonds..were boiled until the liquor became a delicious cream, from which was made the famous butter of almonds. 1956 E. Cavanna & J. Welton Gourmet Cookery for Low-fat Diet 28 One hundred fifty-one almonds were boiled to a cream from which emerged the famous butter of almonds. butter of cacao n. now chiefly historical the pale yellow fat extracted from the seeds of cacao or related trees; also called cacao butter, cocoa butter. ΚΠ 1746 tr. J. Astruc Gen. Treat. Dis. Children 229 An ulcer in the lungs, with some balsams, or butter of cacao. 1887 Boston Post 15 Sept. 12/7 (advt.) Baker's breakfast cocoa..is made from selected cocoa, with the excess of butter of cacao removed. 1998 Pharmacy in Hist. 40 142/1 A formula by Griffith and Maisch listed..a demulcent butter of cacao mixture for catarrh. butter of mace n. now rare a fixed oil obtained from nutmegs, occurring as a soft, pale yellow solid; also called nutmeg butter, oil of mace. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > vegetable oil or margarine palm oil1625 vegetable oil1651 butter of mace1694 Negro-oil1753 sunflower oil1768 Galam butter1782 vegetable butter1790 vegetable fat1797 winter oil1811 butter substitute1834 red palm oil1836 butter oil1844 shea butter1847 palm butter1848 vegetable lard1859 palm-kernel oil1863 butterine1866 margarine1873 oleomargarine1873 bosch1879 oleo1884 oleo oil1884 vegetable shortening1892 Nucoline1894 almond butter1895 nut butter1896 Nutter1906 marge1919 Maggie Ann1931 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 maggie1971 canola oil1982 1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana ii. iii. 884/1 Add Balsam of Amber ℥j. Butter of Mace ℥ß. Petrolæum, Oil of Spike, A. Ʒij. mix them. 1870 Proc. 17th Ann. Meeting Amer. Pharmaceut. Assoc. 143 Butter of mace becomes suddenly solid at 33°C. 1965 Econ. Bot. 19 197/1 The fixed oil of nutmegs is known by many names..: nutmeg butter, balsam of nutmegs, oil of mace, butter of mace, banda soap, and Oleum Myristicae Expressum. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > oil from wax butter of wax1662 cerin1850 wax-oil1852 mahua oil1854 mahua butter1889 1662 H. Stubbe Indian Nectar 176 After it was cold, it became thick, like to the Oyl or Butter of Wax for consistence. 1735 T. Dallowe tr. H. Boerhaave Elements Chem. II. iii. xxxvi. 108 Butter of wax..excellently secures the Skin from being dried and chapp'd in the Winter. 1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) i. ii. 152 Sometimes it [sc. vegetable wax] has the consistency of butter, and is denominated butter of wax, as butter of coco, butter of galam. b. Chiefly Chemistry. With of and following word. Denoting a chloride of the metal or substance specified, as butter of antimony, butter of arsenic, butter of bismuth, butter of tin, butter of zinc, etc. Now chiefly historical.Used to describe anhydrous chlorides that are soft or oily in texture, with the metal typically in its lowest oxidation state (as antimony( iii) chloride, zinc( ii) chloride, etc.). ΚΠ 1651 J. French Art Distillation iii. 71 Oil or Butter of Antimony. 1674 M. Lister Let. 7 Jan. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1975) X. 427 I take it to be yt wch van Helmont calls ye Gur or Bur ye butter of Minerals; 'tis in tast sweetish, only it has a vitriolick & iron like twang wth it. 1708 tr. J. P. de Tournefort Materia Medica iv. i. 180 If you pour fair Water upon the Butter of Antimony, you will obtain a very fine white Powder..call'd the Powder of Algaroth. 1785 T. Beddoes tr. T. Bergman Diss. Elective Attractions xx. 124 That which is collected in the receiver, consists of butter of arsenic, and marine acid unmixed. 1802 R. Chenevix in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 92 164 The muriatic salts, formerly known by the strange name of butters of the metals. 1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 407 The only known compound, bismuth and chlorine..called butter of bismuth. 1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xliv. 872 Crude zinc chlorine which distils solidifies in the receiver to a soft waxy mass known as butter of zinc. 1940 G. H. J. Adlam & L. S. Price Higher School Certificate Inorg. Chem. (ed. 2) xxxviii. 331 On adding water, a semi-solid mass is obtained, which contains one or more hydrates of the chloride, e.g. SnCl4.5H2O. This is known as ‘butter of tin’. 1994 Times (Nexis) 24 Nov. In the past, antimony was prescribed as tartar emetic (antimony potassium tartrate) or in veterinary work as butter of antimony. 2002 W. R. Newman & L. M. Principe Alchemy tried in Fire iii. 104 Corrosive sublimate and antimony (mercuric chloride and antimony trisulphide) were heated together, first providing a distillate of butter of antimony (antimony trichloride). Derivatives ˈbutter-like adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [adjective] > buttery butteryc1450 butterish1542 butter-like1600 butyraceous1669 butyrous1682 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. lxxxiv. 625 You shall take this butter like matter and put it into the retort hauing first made it very cleane. 1700 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana (ed. 2) i. ix. 380/2 A Butter-like Oil. 1869 A. R. Wallace Malay Archipel. I. v. 85 A rich butter-like custard highly flavored with almonds. 1961 M. Waldo Cook as Romans Do i. 28 Bel Paese is the classic ‘mild’ cheese... It has a creamy yellow butterlike consistency. 2006 B. Greene Best Life Diet (2007) 105 If you must have some kind of butter-like spread on your toast, look for one of the margarine spreads with labels stating ‘0 g trans fat’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † buttern.2 Obsolete. A tool used for trimming the hooves of a horse, esp. prior to shoeing; = butteris n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > shoeing instruments butter1370 firing iron1374 butteris1559 pritchel1568 fuller1587 drawing knife1610 draw knife1711 rennet1725 searcher1834 sate1883 buffer1902 1370 in J. Raine Inventories & Acct. Rolls Benedictine Houses Jarrow & Monk-Wearmouth (1854) 53 (MED) In domo fabri, j par de belies..j botour fractum. 1423 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1865) III. 81 (MED) Stabulum..pro j botour, ij malleis parvis, cum j clencher de ferro. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 20v A Buttir, fabri, scalprum, scalpus, scaber, scabrum. 1566 T. Blundeville Order curing Horses Dis. cxlviii. f. 102 in Fower Offices Horsemanshippe First, pull of the shooe, and then open the place grieued with a butter, or drawer. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 400 The humor lies in the foot, for the which you must search with your butter, paring all the soles of the fore-feete. 1639 T. de Grey Compl. Horsem. ii. xvi. 290 Pluck off the shooe, and either with your drawing iron, or your Butter, search the place to the very bottome. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † buttern.3 Obsolete. rare. A person who cheats at dice. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > [noun] > player of games of chance > cheat or swindler butter1474 rooka1568 steal-counter1588 nicker1669 sharper1681 tat-monger1688 gambler1735 blackleg1767 gouger1790 sharp1797 tatsman1825 leggism1843 spieler1859 sniggler1887 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. viii. 147 Players at dyse, Rybauldes and butters. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2019). buttern.4 An animal that butts with its head or horns. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habits or actions > [noun] > that butts puttera1382 burterc1440 butter1611 duncher1824 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Cousseur, a butter or iurrer. 1883 Fifeshire Jrnl. 10 May 3/6 The goat is a hard butter. 1921 Black Fox Mag. July 18/3 Doesn't this put you in mind of some individuals—cronic [sic] butters, or kickers. They are always butting away at old ideas, and they keep right at it. 1966 ‘J. Hackston’ Father clears Out 183 I got a certain amount of amusement and pleasure out of my life with cows—apart from calves, of course. These butters never let up, and I generally wore..a plum-coloured bruise. 1992 A. Symons Tremedda Days ii. 54 There were the odd butters and kickers, and a cow would become very fierce when protecting her new-born calf. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † buttern.5 North American. Obsolete. A person who or machine which cuts off the rough ends of logs or boards. Cf. butt v.4 1a. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > saw > [noun] > power saws > other power saws belt saw1819 chainsaw1846 butter1850 bandsaw1864 resaw1876 sabre saw1953 pendulum saw1958 1850 S. Judd Richard Edney & Governor's Family vii. 98 He teazed a butter with it, making as if he would thrust it under his axe. 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 414/1 In the large saw-mills of the lumber-regions double butters are used. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021). butterv. 1. a. transitive. To smear or spread with butter. Also: to cook or serve with butter (cf. earlier buttered adj. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > cook with specific ingredient buttera1475 cream1906 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > garnish [verb (transitive)] > spread with butter or margarine buttera1475 bebutter1611 margarine1960 a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 155 Saltfysche, stokfische, merlynge, makerelle, buttur ye may with swete buttur of Claynos. 1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. cvijv They thinke that yf the bysshope butter the chyld in the foreheed that it is saffe. 1589 Darrell Accts. in H. Hall Society in Elizabethan Age (1886) App. ii. 213 For..buttering ij cold chickens, vd. 1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor iii. v. 7 And I be serued such another tricke, Ile giue them leaue to take out my braines and butter them. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear vii. 287 Twas her brother, that in pure kindnes to his horse buttered his hay. View more context for this quotation 1698 J. Floyer Treat. Asthma 148 I frequently Butter the Toast and dip it in Small Beer. 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ii. 16 Butter the Paper and also the Gridiron. 1834 J. Porter Carême's Royal Parisian Pastrycook iii. 99 Butter the moulds lightly. 1874 J. C. Buckmaster Cookery v. 80 Butter the onions, put them into a stew-pan with white stock, and let them simmer over a slow fire. 1883 W. Jago in Knowledge 24 Aug. 120/2 Ship-biscuits..soaked in hot coffee and then buttered. 1941 B. Miller Farewell Leicester Square xv. 268 Alec sat with a serviette over his knees, chair pulled up to the table, buttering his third round of toast. 1964 Boys' Life Nov. 29/2 He cut up three tomatoes, buttered the bread and got out the coffee. 1978 G. Duff Vegetarian Cookbk. 270 To butter boiled brown rice, put 1½ oz (40 g) butter into a large saucepan [etc.]. 2008 Ebony Dec. 178/3 Butter two cookie sheets and keep warm. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close an aperture or orifice > in other specific ways wax1377 gypsec1420 lute1495 wall1503 to brick up1606 butter1808 to brick off1836 to board up1885 1808 ‘P. Plymley’ Two More Lett. on Catholics vii. 23 An Irish peasant fills the barrel of his gun full of tow dipped in oil, butters up the lock, buries it in a bog. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > play games of chance [verb (intransitive)] > stake > type of stake to play high1640 butter1671 set up one's rest1680 to play low1735 paroli1835 to go one's pile1836 to go nap1894 parlay1895 double up1940 1671 J. Dryden Evening's Love iv. 54 My Don he sets me ten pistols; I nick him: ten more, I sweep them too. Now in all reason he is nettled, and sets me twenty: I win them too. Now he kindles, and butters me with forty. They are all my own. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Butter, to double or treble the Bet or Wager to recover all Losses. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Butter, to encrease the stakes every throw, or every game: a cant term among gamesters. 1821 ‘P. Atall’ Hermit in Philadelphia ii. 29 Every time I buttered a bet, it was a Flemish account. 3. figurative. a. transitive. To flatter or praise (a person), esp. as a means of gaining favour or advantage. Now usually with up. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > flatter [verb (transitive)] flatter?c1225 flackera1250 slickc1250 blandishc1305 blandc1315 glozec1330 beflatter1340 curryc1394 elkena1400 glaverc1400 anointa1425 glotherc1480 losenge1480 painta1513 to hold in halsc1560 soothe1580 smooth1584 smooth1591 soothe1601 pepper1654 palp1657 smoothify1694 butter1700 asperse1702 palaver1713 blarney1834 sawder1834 soft-soap1835 to cock up1838 soft-solder1838 soother1842 behoney1845 soap1853 beslaver1861 beslobber1868 smarm1902 sugar1923 sweetmouth1948 smooth-talk1950 1700 W. Congreve Way of World Prol. sig. a2 The 'Squire that's butter'd still, is sure to be undone. 1798 F. C. Patrick More Ghosts! II. xxiv. 40 We must butter him up with kind looks and civil speeches until he signs the deed. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. viii. 180 Butter him with some warlike terms—praise his dress and address. 1832 E. Bulwer-Lytton Eugene Aram II. ii. viii. 42 Your honour should see how they fawns and flatters, and butters up a man. 1884 Sat. Rev. 5 July 27/1 The Lord Chief Justice of England made a tour through America and generously buttered the natives. 1924 E. M. Forster Passage to India ix. 106 ‘This is a great relief to us, it is very good of you to call, Doctor Sahib,’ said Hamidullah, buttering him up a bit. 1943 H. Pearson Conan Doyle iii. 42 The little country practitioner who had been buttering them up for a quarter of a century found that he might as well put up his shutters. 1975 H. Acton Nancy Mitford xi. 163 Among the compatriots were several fans, including journalists who needed taming or even ‘buttering’ for as Lesley Blanch remarked, she had a keen sense of publicity. 2015 Radio Times 27 June (South/West ed.) 102/4 A housekeeper spreads sunshine through a geriatric ward, buttering up the busy doctors and dancing with patients. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deception by illusion, delusion > speech intended to deceive > beguile, cajole [verb (transitive)] bicharrea1100 fodea1375 begoc1380 inveiglea1513 to hold in halsc1560 to get within ——1572 cajole1645 to cajole with1665 butter1725 veigle1745 flummer1764 to get round ——1780 to come round ——1784 to get around ——1803 flatter-blind1818 salve1825 to come about1829 round1854 canoodle1864 moody1934 fanny1938 cosy1939 mamaguy1939 snow1943 snow-job1962 1725 New Canting Dict. To butter, signifies also, to cheat or defraud in a smooth or plausible Manner. 4. transitive. Building. To smear or coat (a brick, tile, etc.) with mortar, adhesive, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] > smear or spread with a substance smear971 dechea1000 cleamc1000 besmearc1050 clamc1380 glue1382 pargeta1398 overslame?1440 plaster?1440 beslab1481 strike1525 bestrike1527 streak1540 bedaub1558 spread1574 daub1598 paste1609 beplaster1611 circumlite1657 oblite1657 fata1661 gaum?1825 treacle1839 butter1882 slap1902 slather1941 nap1961 1882 W. J. Christy Pract. Treat. Joints 21 Bricks..are..buttered instead of being laid on a bed of mortar properly spread. 1912 Building Progress Feb. 53/2 Masons simply ‘butter’ the edges of a brick with mortar and then push it down on the wall. 1944 R. V. Boughton in R. Greenhalgh Pract. Builder iii. 143/1 The tiles are slurried or buttered on the back with the fix, a brush being used for this purpose. 1995 Pract. Householder Mar. 9/3 She used a tile cutter to get a clean cut and then checked it fitted snugly before buttering the back with adhesive. PhrasesΚΠ 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Ambezatz Ayant faict Ambezatz, having buttered the connie; hauing had that chance that no wise man would nicke. P2. a. to know (also understand, etc.) (on) which side one's bread is buttered: to know where one's advantage lies. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > be or become familiar with [phrase] > know what is beneficial to know (also understand, etc.) (on) which side one's bread is buttered1546 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. vii. sig. Kv I knowe on whiche syde my breade is buttred. 1757 Crab Tree 31 May Perhaps they would know their own happiness, or (as a blunt member of the ground floor said) on which side their bread was buttered. 1863 C. Kingsley Water-babies vii. 289 He..understood so well which side his bread was buttered, and which way the cat jumped. 1987 C. Reid Joyriders ii. i, in Plays: One (1997) 144 You don't know what side yer bread's buttered on. You got a free holiday, an' all ye ever done was complain about it. 2018 i (Nexis) 6 Mar. 41 Politicians know which side their bread is buttered. b. to butter a person's bread on both sides and variants: to provide for a person, esp. to a lavish or excessive degree. Hence to have one's bread buttered on both sides: to enjoy a prosperous, fortunate, or extravagant lifestyle; to be profligate or wasteful. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > in prosperous condition [phrase] > in easy circumstances to have one's bread buttered on both sides1678 in good bread1743 on velvet1749 a1625 J. Fletcher Women Pleas'd iv. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ffffff/2 Lop. Go pay the Boyes well: see them satisfied. Pen. Come Mounsieur Devills, come my Black-berries Ile butter ye o' both sides. 1678 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. (ed. 2) 232 His bread is buttered on both sides. i. e. He hath a plentifull estate: he is fat and full. 1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 642/2 Gi'e the Whigs places and pensions,—And butter both sides of their bread With jobations of all dimensions. 1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1839) I. 206 (note) Wherever Walter goes he is pretty sure to find his bread buttered on both sides. 1881 C. E. L. Riddell Senior Partner I. 47 In some shape or form she was always trying to get her toast buttered on both sides; but Mr. McCullagh would not permit her one single luxury of which he disapproved. 1907 J. F. Carter Destroyers x. 152 They know not the imprudence of buttering bread on both sides when butter is plenty. 1958 Financial Times 25 Apr. 2/6 The workers want a new wage scheme with bread buttered on both sides with jam round the edges. 2017 Argus Weekend (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 3 Sept. (Sport section) 26 They expected to waltz into easy money.., but it hasn't proved to be the case. It turns out that not everyone can have their bread buttered on both sides. c. to butter one's bread on both sides and variants: to simultaneously ally oneself with opposing factions, people, or causes; to behave in a duplicitous and self-interested manner. ΚΠ 1768 R. R. Orig. Camera Obscura 5 Those Peers and Commoners well known by the Name of Trimmers, who will have their Bread buttered on both Sides. 1834 S. Smith Sel. Lett. Major Jack Downing lxii. 163 ‘When he lets his slice fall, or some one nocks it out of his hand, it always somehow falls butter side up.’ ‘Well,’ says I, ‘Gineral, don't you know why?.. He butters both sides at once.’ 1882 Ipswich Jrnl. 23 Dec. (Suppl.) 13/2 I presume you are a gentleman who wishes to butter his bread on both sides... You wish to run with the hare and hunt with the hounds. 1924 N.Y. Times 13 Jan. x2/1 The actor's art that makes us mingle hatred and sympathy for..an idealist buttering both sides of his own bread. 1981 J. L. Lasky & P. Silver Offer xiii. 278 The British butter their bread on both sides. But they intend to double-cross everyone. 2017 Cairns (Austral.) Post (Nexis) 17 Apr. 16 The politician was buttering both sides of his bread, wanting to appear tough to the commercial fishing industry without offending traditional hunters and losing their vote. d. to have one's bread buttered for life: to be well provided for. ΚΠ 1845 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 8 An attorney told him ‘his bread was buttered for life’; for he had received the commendations both of Lord Thurlow and of Dunning. 1885 D. C. Murray First Person Sing. (1886) xx. 152 He told himself that in any case his bread was buttered for life. 1903 M. Betham-Edwards Barham Brocklebank, M.D xiii. 110 Of course, a son of mine has only to step into my own shoes and his bread is buttered for life. 1994 Daily Mail (Nexis) 2 July 22 They were pleased with me. I think they could see that Sarah's toast would be buttered for life. 2016 @KingShaka79 8 Feb. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Maybe [he] is protecting those who ensured that his bread is buttered for life. P3. Proverb. fine (also fair) words butter no parsnips and variants: flattery or empty words are no substitute for practical actions. ΚΠ a1625 J. Fletcher Womans Prize i. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Nnnnn2/1 I shall rise again, if there be truth In Egges, and butter'd Pasnips.] 1638 J. Clarke Phraseologia Puerilis sig. A6 Spe non saginatur venter. Faire words butter no parsnips. 1645 R. Overton Sacred Decretall 5 Fair words butter no fish. 1680 R. L'Estrange tr. Erasmus 20 Select Colloquies ix. 131 Your Charity upon Earth will be rewarded in Heaven... Those words, Butter no Parsnips. 1726 J. Stevens New Dict. Span. & Eng. at Dinero Money does all things, but fair words butter no cabbage. 1797 G. Colman Heir at Law iii. ii. 44 Business is business; and words you know butter no parsnips. 1821 Old Wives' Tales 27 ‘He was always good-natured to me.’ ‘Ah! my dear, “fair words butter no turnips”.’ 1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. xlii. 363 I often tell 'em how wrong folks are to say that soft words butter no parsnips, and hard words break no bones. 1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 358 Fine words, says our homely old proverb, butter no parsnips. 1930 London Mercury Aug. 380 Our forefathers rejected ‘smarmy’ overtures with ‘Fair words butter no parsnips.’ 1946 P. Larkin Let. 15 May in Sel. Lett. (1992) 118 All this is theorising, stony talk that butters no parsnips. 1971 S. Jepson Let. to Dead Girl xv. 177 I told him calling me names wasn't buttering his parsnips. 1997 Mirror (Nexis) 30 Apr. 2 Mr Major..baffled an audience by adding: ‘A soundbite never buttered a parsnip.’ 2015 Observer (Nexis) 15 Apr. Fine words butter no parsnips. Without explicit commitment to secure and sustainable funding the community can hardly be reassured. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1eOEn.21370n.31474n.41611n.51850v.a1475 |
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