† woolwardadj.

Forms: see wool n.; also 1500s woldward.

Etymology: Middle English wolleward , probably alteration of *wollewerd (of which there is perhaps a relic in the form wellewerd , for wollewerd , of quot. 1480 at sense a), from an unrecorded Old English *wullwerd , < wull wool n. + -werd , -wered wearing, clothed (in), < stem of werian wear v.¹ (compare Old English línenwerd clothed in linen, and probably scírwered , sweglwered ‘clothed’ or enveloped in brightness). The assimilation of -werd to -ward suffix, initiated by lack of stress, would be furthered by the prevalence of the word in the phrase to go woolward (compare to go heavenward).

Obsolete.

a. Wearing wool next the skin, esp. as a penance: chiefly in to go woolward.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing specific material

woolwardc1315

under line (occasionally in line)c1330

fox-furred1592

furred1592

tuftaffeta1598

tissued?16..

satin1603

silk1603

russet1604

tuftaffety1612

plush1615

sericated1623

sheepskinned1628

silken1640

lawny1647

plushed1650

satined1652

harden1654

sackclotheda1656

bearskinned1694

well-furred?1707

furry1717

brocaded1767

flannelled1784

lawned1798

buckskinned1829

corduroyed1832

silked1837

silkened1841

friezy1849

fustianed1849

velveted1850

buffed1863

buckramed1880

craped1880

crapy1891

velveteened1896

mohaired1914

tweeded1921

tweedy1923

leather1961

society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penance > [adjective] > characterized by > wearing wool next to skin

woolwardc1315

woollen1481

c1315 Shoreham Poems i. 1024 Baruot go, Wolle-ward and wakynge.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 1 Wolleward and wete-shoed went I forth after.

c1450 Mirk's Festial 43 Saynt Thomas, be come to Caunturbury, wolward and barfote.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. xcix. f 1 Good men..that wenten baarfoot & wellewerd [Brut 99 wolward] for to haue mercy of the ij. kynges.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxvii. 574 He is goon his wayes wulwarde & barefote, wyth a sory staff in his hande.

1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. rr.iii Truly it was a more glorious sight to se saynt poule..in hungre thurst, watchynge, in colde goynge wolward.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 704 The naked trueth of it is, I haue no Shirt. I goe Woolward for pennance.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. ii. v. i. 627 Poore people fare coursly, worke hard, goe wollward and bare.

1646 J. Trapp Brief Comm. John xvi. 2 If he thought his shirt were infected with that heresie, he would tear it from his own back, and rather goe woolward.

1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. vi. 146 To walk wool-ward in winter.

b. in attributive position or in combinations.

1493 Dives & Pauper (1496) iv. xxi. 186/2 Auowe that she hath made to god as of fastynge, of pylgremage, contynence, wolwarde goynge, and such other.

1531 W. Tyndale Expos. 1 John (1537) 23 His fastynge, his woldward goynge, bare foote goynge.

1628 Bp. J. Hall Serm. before Fast in Serm. Publike Fast 88 Their woolward and barefoot walkes.

1655 G. Hall Triumphs of Rome vi. 73 What woolward penances, what weary pilgrimages?

c. to lay woolward: to bury in wool. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > types of burial or entombment > bury in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > bury in specific container or covering

to lap in leadc1340

to lay woolward1604

1604 T. Middleton Blacke Bk. in Wks. (1885) VIII. 25 The sexton..so laid the dead bodies wool-ward.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	woolward
释义	† woolwardadj. Forms: see wool n.; also 1500s woldward. Etymology: Middle English wolleward , probably alteration of wollewerd (of which there is perhaps a relic in the form wellewerd* , for wollewerd , of quot. 1480 at sense a), from an unrecorded Old English wullwerd , < wull* wool n. + -werd , -wered wearing, clothed (in), < stem of werian wear v.¹ (compare Old English línenwerd clothed in linen, and probably scírwered , sweglwered ‘clothed’ or enveloped in brightness). The assimilation of -werd to -ward suffix, initiated by lack of stress, would be furthered by the prevalence of the word in the phrase to go woolward (compare to go heavenward). Obsolete. a. Wearing wool next the skin, esp. as a penance: chiefly in to go woolward. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing specific material woolwardc1315 under line (occasionally in line)c1330 fox-furred1592 furred1592 tuftaffeta1598 tissued?16.. satin1603 silk1603 russet1604 tuftaffety1612 plush1615 sericated1623 sheepskinned1628 silken1640 lawny1647 plushed1650 satined1652 harden1654 sackclotheda1656 bearskinned1694 well-furred?1707 furry1717 brocaded1767 flannelled1784 lawned1798 buckskinned1829 corduroyed1832 silked1837 silkened1841 friezy1849 fustianed1849 velveted1850 buffed1863 buckramed1880 craped1880 crapy1891 velveteened1896 mohaired1914 tweeded1921 tweedy1923 leather1961 society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penance > [adjective] > characterized by > wearing wool next to skin woolwardc1315 woollen1481 c1315 Shoreham Poems i. 1024 Baruot go, Wolle-ward and wakynge. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 1 Wolleward and wete-shoed went I forth after. c1450 Mirk's Festial 43 Saynt Thomas, be come to Caunturbury, wolward and barfote. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. xcix. f 1 Good men..that wenten baarfoot & wellewerd [Brut 99 wolward] for to haue mercy of the ij. kynges. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxvii. 574 He is goon his wayes wulwarde & barefote, wyth a sory staff in his hande. 1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. rr.iii Truly it was a more glorious sight to se saynt poule..in hungre thurst, watchynge, in colde goynge wolward. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 704 The naked trueth of it is, I haue no Shirt. I goe Woolward for pennance. View more context for this quotation 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. ii. v. i. 627 Poore people fare coursly, worke hard, goe wollward and bare. 1646 J. Trapp Brief Comm. John xvi. 2 If he thought his shirt were infected with that heresie, he would tear it from his own back, and rather goe woolward. 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. vi. 146 To walk wool-ward in winter. b. in attributive position or in combinations. Π 1493 Dives & Pauper (1496) iv. xxi. 186/2 Auowe that she hath made to god as of fastynge, of pylgremage, contynence, wolwarde goynge, and such other. 1531 W. Tyndale Expos. 1 John (1537) 23 His fastynge, his woldward goynge, bare foote goynge. 1628 Bp. J. Hall Serm. before Fast in Serm. Publike Fast 88 Their woolward and barefoot walkes. 1655 G. Hall Triumphs of Rome vi. 73 What woolward penances, what weary pilgrimages? c. to lay woolward: to bury in wool. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > types of burial or entombment > bury in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > bury in specific container or covering to lap in leadc1340 to lay woolward1604 1604 T. Middleton Blacke Bk. in Wks. (1885) VIII. 25 The sexton..so laid the dead bodies wool-ward. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.c1315
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