| 释义 |
worshipn. Forms: α. Old English uorðscip (Northumbrian), Old English weorþscipe, Old English weorðscype, Old English worðscip (Northumbrian), Old English worðscype (rare), Old English wurþscipe, Old English wurþscype, Old English wurðscype, Old English wyrþscipe, Old English wyrþscype, Old English wyrðscip (rare), Old English–early Middle English weorðscipe, Old English–early Middle English wurðscipe, Old English–early Middle English wyrðscipe, Old English–early Middle English wyrðscype, early Middle English weorthscype (in copy of Old English charter), early Middle English worðescipe, early Middle English worðschepe, early Middle English worðscipe, early Middle English wrþsipe, early Middle English wrðscipe, early Middle English wurdschipe, early Middle English wurdscipe, early Middle English wurdshipe, early Middle English wurhchipe, early Middle English wurhschipe, early Middle English wurhscipe, early Middle English wurrþshipe ( Ormulum), early Middle English wurthschipe, early Middle English wurtscipe, early Middle English wurþschipe, early Middle English wurþseipe (transmission error), early Middle English wurþsype, early Middle English wurðchipe, early Middle English wurðcipe, early Middle English wurðescipe, early Middle English wurðhchipe, early Middle English wurðschipe, early Middle English wurðshipe, early Middle English wurðsjchipe, Middle English worthchip (northern), Middle English wortschyp (northern), Middle English wortscip (northern), Middle English worþschip, Middle English worþschipe, Middle English worþship, Middle English worþshipe, Middle English worþssip- (south-eastern, in derivatives), Middle English worþssipe (south-eastern), Middle English worþssippe (south-eastern), late Middle English wursthypp (transmission error); N.E.D. (1928) also records forms early Middle English worðschipe, early Middle English wrðsipe, early Middle English wurþshipe, early Middle English wurþsipe. β. late Old English–early Middle English weorscipe, early Middle English wurrshipe ( Ormulum), Middle English verchepe, Middle English verchipe, Middle English virchippe, Middle English vyrchip, Middle English vyrchipp, Middle English vyrchippe, Middle English warshippe (Berkshire), Middle English werchep, Middle English werchepe, Middle English werchipe, Middle English werschep, Middle English werschepe, Middle English werschip, Middle English werschipe, Middle English werschyppe, Middle English wershep, Middle English whirshypp, Middle English whorschype, Middle English wirchep, Middle English wirchepe, Middle English wirchepp, Middle English wirchip, Middle English wirchipe, Middle English wirchipp, Middle English wirchippe, Middle English wirchupp, Middle English wirchyp, Middle English wirscep, Middle English wirschep, Middle English wirschepe, Middle English wirschip, Middle English wirschipe, Middle English wirschippe, Middle English wirschope, Middle English wirschyp, Middle English wirschype, Middle English wirscip, Middle English wirscipe, Middle English wirscipp, Middle English wirscippe, Middle English wirshep, Middle English wirshepe, Middle English wirshipe, Middle English wirshipp, Middle English wirshippe, Middle English wirshop, Middle English wirshup, Middle English wirshyp, Middle English wirsshipp, Middle English wirsshippe, Middle English wirssip, Middle English wiscepp (probably transmission error), Middle English woisse (transmission error), Middle English woorschip, Middle English woorschipe, Middle English woorshipe, Middle English worchep, Middle English worchepe, Middle English worchepp, Middle English worchipe, Middle English worchipp, Middle English worchippe, Middle English worchop, Middle English worchope, Middle English worchup, Middle English worchype, Middle English worscep, Middle English worscepe, Middle English worschep, Middle English worschepe, Middle English worscheppe, Middle English worschipe, Middle English worschipp, Middle English worschippe, Middle English worschop, Middle English worschope, Middle English worschup, Middle English worschupe, Middle English worschupp, Middle English worschuppe, Middle English worschyp, Middle English worschype, Middle English worschypp, Middle English worschyppe, Middle English worscip, Middle English worscipe, Middle English worscyp, Middle English worsep, Middle English worsip, Middle English worsipe, Middle English worsschip, Middle English worsschipe, Middle English worsschypp, Middle English worssepe, Middle English worsshep, Middle English worsshepe, Middle English worsshipe, Middle English worsshup, Middle English worsshyppe, Middle English worssip- (south-eastern, in derivatives), Middle English worssipe, Middle English wourchipe, Middle English wourchypp, Middle English wourschip, Middle English wourshepe, Middle English wourshypp, Middle English wrchepe, Middle English wrchip, Middle English wrchipe, Middle English wrchop, Middle English wrhscipe, Middle English wrschep, Middle English wrschepe, Middle English wrschipe, Middle English wrschype, Middle English wrscipe, Middle English wrshepe, Middle English wrshipe, Middle English wrsipe, Middle English wuorchyp, Middle English wurchep, Middle English wurchepe, Middle English wurchepp, Middle English wurcheppe, Middle English wurchip, Middle English wurchipe, Middle English wurchipp, Middle English wurchippe, Middle English wurchyp, Middle English wurchypp, Middle English wurschep, Middle English wurschepe, Middle English wurschipe, Middle English wurschippe, Middle English wurschup, Middle English wurschyp, Middle English wurschype, Middle English wurschyþ (transmission error), Middle English wurscipe, Middle English wurscupe, Middle English wurshep, Middle English wurshepe, Middle English wurshepp, Middle English wurshipe, Middle English wurshipp, Middle English wurshupp, Middle English wurshype, Middle English wurshypp, Middle English wursipe, Middle English wvrschip, Middle English wyrchep, Middle English wyrcheppe, Middle English wyrchip, Middle English wyrchipe, Middle English wyrchipp, Middle English wyrchippe, Middle English wyrchupp, Middle English wyrchype, Middle English wyrchypp, Middle English wyrchyppe, Middle English wyrschep, Middle English wyrschepe, Middle English wyrschip, Middle English wyrschipe, Middle English wyrschipp, Middle English wyrschippe, Middle English wyrschyp, Middle English wyrschype, Middle English wyrschypp, Middle English wyrschyppe, Middle English wyrscype, Middle English wyrshep, Middle English wyrshepe, Middle English wyrship, Middle English wyrshipe, Middle English wyrshipp, Middle English wyrshippe, Middle English wyrshup, Middle English wyrshyp, Middle English wyrshype, Middle English wyrshypp, Middle English wyrshyppe, Middle English wyrsship, Middle English wyrsshipp, Middle English wyrsshyp, Middle English–1500s whorshyp, Middle English–1500s wirship, Middle English–1500s worchip, Middle English–1500s worchyp, Middle English–1500s worchyppe, Middle English–1500s worschip, Middle English–1500s worshepe, Middle English–1500s worshup, Middle English–1500s worshupe, Middle English–1500s worshype, Middle English–1500s worshypp, Middle English–1500s worshyppe, Middle English–1500s worsship, Middle English–1500s worsshipp, Middle English–1500s worsshyp, Middle English–1500s wourshippe, Middle English–1500s wourshyp, Middle English–1500s wurschip, Middle English–1500s wurshippe, Middle English–1500s wurshup, Middle English–1500s wurshyp, Middle English–1500s wyrchyp, Middle English–1600s whorship, Middle English–1600s woorship, Middle English–1600s worshep, Middle English–1600s worshipe, Middle English–1600s worshipp, Middle English–1600s worshippe, Middle English–1600s worshyp, Middle English–1600s wourship, Middle English–1600s wurship, Middle English– worship, late Middle English orchippes (probably transmission error), late Middle English worpchup (transmission error), late Middle English worshcype (perhaps transmission error), late Middle English woshup (probably transmission error), 1500s whorshep, 1500s whorshype, 1500s woorshyp, 1500s woorshypp, 1500s woorshyppe, 1500s worchypp, 1500s worsheppe, 1500s worshuppe, 1500s worsshype, 1500s wourshyppe, 1500s wurschipp, 1500s wurshyppe, 1500s wursshype, 1500s–1600s whorshippe, 1500s–1600s woorshipp, 1500s–1600s woorshippe, 1500s–1600s worshop, 1600s arship (in representations of Welsh English), 1600s worsheep; English regional (Yorkshire) 1800s washup, 1800s woshup; Scottish pre-1700 uorshippe, pre-1700 virchip, pre-1700 virschip, pre-1700 virschyp, pre-1700 vorschip, pre-1700 vorschipe, pre-1700 vorship, pre-1700 vourschip, pre-1700 vyrchip, pre-1700 vyrschip, pre-1700 werschep, pre-1700 werschip, pre-1700 whorship, pre-1700 wirchep, pre-1700 wirchip, pre-1700 wirschaip, pre-1700 wirschep, pre-1700 wirschip, pre-1700 wirschop, pre-1700 wirschyp, pre-1700 wirshepe, pre-1700 wirship, pre-1700 woorship, pre-1700 worchep, pre-1700 worchip, pre-1700 worchipe, pre-1700 worchyp, pre-1700 worschep, pre-1700 worschip, pre-1700 worschipe, pre-1700 worschyp, pre-1700 worschype, pre-1700 worscip, pre-1700 worscipe, pre-1700 worshep, pre-1700 worshipe, pre-1700 worshipp, pre-1700 worshippe, pre-1700 wourschepe, pre-1700 wourschip, pre-1700 wourschipe, pre-1700 wourschyp, pre-1700 wourscip, pre-1700 wourship, pre-1700 wurchep, pre-1700 wurschype, pre-1700 wyrchipe, pre-1700 wyrchype, pre-1700 wyrschep, pre-1700 wyrschip, pre-1700 wyrschipe, pre-1700 wyrschyp, pre-1700 wyrschype, pre-1700 wyrship, pre-1700 1700s– worship, 1800s wurschip, 1800s wurship; N.E.D. (1928) also records a form 1500s wushippe. Also (in early modern English) represented by the abbreviations wo. (with point), worps (plural), wors (plural). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: worth n.1, worth adj., -ship suffix. Etymology: < either worth n.1 or worth adj. + -ship suffix. Compare later worthship n.Some of the forms may show the influence of wurthe adj.; compare occasional early West Saxon wyrðscipe beside usual weorðscipe . Despite the lack of Germanic parallels, the compound is likely to be early and, if derived from the adjective, might be earlier than the formal and semantic divergence between worth adj. and wurthe adj. in early Old English. I. The quality or condition of having or deserving honour or high rank, and derived senses. 1. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [noun] eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius (Otho) (2009) I. xxx. 531 Hi wunnon æfter weorðscipe on þisse worulde, and tiolodon goodes hlisan mid goodum weorcum. OE (Corpus Cambr.) iv. 44 Nan witega næfð nanne wurðscype [OE Lindisf. Gospels uorðscip; L. honorem] on hys agenum earde. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 1578 Worðschepe [c1300 Otho worsipe] haue þu þire wel-deda. c1275 (?c1250) (Calig.) (1935) 1344 An maide mai luue cheose Þat hirewurþschipe ne forleose. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1973) l. 8619 On him y told hir wele bitowe So ful y knawe him of worþschipe. a1375 (c1350) (1867) l. 551 Þat were semlyest to seye to saue my worchep. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 155 To wynne þe maystrie of wommen þou getest but litel worschippe. c1430 Compleynt in J. Schick (1891) App. 63 Of worshepe, honour & mesure She is the welle. 1432 in (1904) II. 37 The said Erle, that all his dayes hath..desired..to kepe his trouthe and worship unblemysshed. 1485 W. Caxton tr. (1957) 8 Euery man dyd hys best to gete worshyp there. 1530 J. Palsgrave 418/1 If he wyll say it of his worshyp [Fr. sur son honneur] I dare affyrme it. 1555 H. Braham Prol. sig. *vjv Thus most men desyre the title of wurship, but fewe doo worke the dedes that vnto worship apperteigne. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy xxxv. 900 As many as were of any havoir, worth and worship..fled to the Consull. 1639 J. Clarke 99/1 Wealth makes worship. 1657 72 How sottish therefore is the practice of all such as attribute any divine esteem, honour, or worship to any man. a1810 C. B. Brown in W. Dunlap (1815) I. 262 The honours of this new Saint, speedily eclipsed those of Arthur the king. The fame and worship of the ancient Arthur, had never travelled much further than the bounds of his own diocese. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in 216 It will be to your worship, as my knight,..To see that she be buried worshipfully. 1896 A. C. Swinburne v. 186 Great worship shall ye win..And look that ye do knightly now, For great shall be your need, I trow. 1911 XXVII. 105/2 Adventurous knights would travel far afield in time of peace to gain worship in conflicts that perilled life and limb. 1992 43 316 The friendship of individual knights out pursuing adventure and ‘worship’. a2005 R. R. Davies (2009) viii. 209 Lords had to prove their worship as much as retainers their service. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > [noun] > a source of credit or honour (to) eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory (Hatton) (1871) xxxv. 245 He hine ahefð on his geðohte on gielp..& deð his agenne unðeaw him to weorðscipe. lOE Distichs of Cato (Trin. Cambr.) vii, in (1972) 90 6 Þæt bið sæ mæste weorðscype, þæt monn cunne ryht gecnawan & hit ðonne wille geðafian. c1225 (?c1200) (Bodl.) (1940) l. 41 Nis ha witerliche akeast & in to þeowdom idrahen, þe of se swiðe heh stal, of se muche dignete & swuch wurðsjchipe [a1250 Titus wurðschipe] as hit is to beo godes spuse. a1250 in C. Brown (1932) 7 Nis hit ðe no wurðscipe þet þe deouel me to-drawe. c1330 (c1250) (Auch.) (1966) l. 788 (MED) Hit is þe wel more worsschipe..Who him tawȝte þilke gin For to come þi tour wiȝin. ?c1335 in W. Heuser (1904) 106 (MED) Me to spek and ȝou to lere, Þat hit be worsip, lord, to þe. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) §515 Salomon seith, It is a greet worship to a man to kepen hym fro noyse & stryf. ?a1430 T. Hoccleve Mother of God l. 23 in (1970) i. 52 Thow art ensaumple of chastitee, And of virgynes worsship and honour. c1450 (c1400) (1908) l. 966 (MED) A-qweynte ȝou wyth þat lordyng; Hyt ys worshyp to þe. 1491 (Caxton) sig. aijv The synnes that a man..is shryuen of..shall be moche worship to hym. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil x. xiv. 73 He bad ga fech Rhebus, hys ryall steyd, Quhilk was hys wirschyp and hys comfort hayll. 1535 Prov. xix. C It is a mans worshipe to do good. 1535 Psalms iii. 3 But thou (o Lorde) art my defender, my worshipe, and the lifter vp of my heade. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie (1888) I. 345 Wallase the cheife honour and Wirschep of the Weiris, drew him back to the Scotis partie. 1713 52 My beloved Lady whom I intend to Wed,..the which thing will be unto me great worship and honor. the mind > emotion > courage > valour > warlike valour > [noun] > warlike excellence OE 12 Dæne wæran..under Norðmannum nyde gebegde.., oþ hie alysde eft for his weorþscipe wiggendra hleo, afera Eadweardes. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 7022 After þam com Iedeon, þat wirscep in his time had don. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour (St. John's Cambr.) xv. 154 Bot thar fell fayis sa can assaill, That thar mycht no worschip availl. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour (Adv.) iii. l. 50 And throw his worschip sa wrouch he Yat he reskewyt all ye flearis. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun (Nero) ii. l. 1521 Hir douchtyr..Tuk vp armys in hir stede, Þat worschep pruffit in mony deide. ?a1634 A. Garden (1878) xii. 16 David..went..to the Sacred Warrs, where, after great renoun and worshipe, [he] woun innumerable perrills with great patience. †2. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > [noun] the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > honour > [noun] > conferring of honour > an) honour(s) or distinction OE (Tiber.) (1888) lxiii. 105 Qui secunda hora diei venerit in monasterium juniorem se noverit illius esse qui prima hora venerit diei cujus libet aetatis aut dignitatis sit : se þe æt þære oðran tide cymð to minstre ginran hine he cunne his beon se þe on þære forman tide swa hwylcere ylde oððe wurðscipe he si. lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius (Bodl.) (2009) I. vii. 253 Ægþer ge þira welona [ge] þines weorþscipes, ægþer þara þe com ær from me. ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 204 Alswa as prude is wilnunge of wurchipe. richt alse..edmodnesse for chastunge of wurchipe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) l. 11203 Swa þu scalt wunien in wurðscipe [c1300 Otho worsipe] þire. 1340 (1866) 18 Guodes of auenture, ase richesses, worssipe, and heȝnesse. ?c1430 (c1383) J. Wyclif (1880) 13 For to haue lykynge of mete and drynk and cloþ and worldly worschipe. ?1435 in C. L. Kingsford (1905) 42 We pryve hym [sc. Richard II] off alle kyngly dignyte, and worship. 1461 T. Playter in (2004) II. 236 Ye arn jnbylled to be made knygth at this coronacion..but and it lyke you to take the worchip vppon you [etc.]. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine f. ccccix/2 There was a clerke moche renomed at rome whiche could not come to the worshyp that he desyred. 1535 Job xiv. 21 Whether his children come to worshipe or no, he can not tell: And yf they be men of lowe degre, he knoweth not. 1549 in P. F. Tytler (1839) I. 219 (modernized text) And we..and others of worship in these countries..do incur by these means much infamy. 1573 T. Tusser Points Huswifrie (new ed.) f. 28v, in (new ed.) Yet is it not, to be forgot, In Court that some, to worship come. 1597 R. Hooker v. lxxiii. 216 In professing that his intent was to adde by his person honour and worship vnto hers, he tooke her plainly and clearely to wife. 1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock (1892) 57 Savinge unto everye man his higher place of worshipp and degree. 1689 147 I from that time forth be unable to all manner of worship, Estate or dignity, be it such as I now occupy, or any other. 1815 W. Scott ii. vii. 49 Worship and birth to me are known, By look, by bearing, and by tone. society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > [noun] > definite rank OE (2011) 128 Fasces, ealdordomas uel þa hehstan wurðscipas. 1340 (1866) 75 Al þe blisse of þise wordle him ssolde by drede: and wo. Rychesses: dong, worþssipes: uoulhede. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 113 Offa..was wrooþ wiþ men of Caunterbury, and byname hem þat worschippe [sc. the archbishopric]. a1425 (a1400) (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 1139 Pride of lyf þat some in hert kepes, Falles to honours and worshepes. c1440 (?a1400) l. 22 (MED) They whanne wyth were wyrchippis many. c1475 tr. C. de Pisan (Cambr.) (1977) 147 Whiche was a grete rewarde for his demerites of [read and] a grete worchipp in thoo dayes, and that worchipp [he] refused not. 1494 W. Hilton (de Worde) ii. xxvii. sig. niiiiv He þt hath forsake the loue of the worlde in worshippes and riches. a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 35 If þou haddist lyued unto now in worshipes & lustes of þe worlde. 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus iii. 19 That it should be lawfull for them..to possesse all their estates and worships whatsoeuer. 1608 W. Shakespeare iv. 260 Men..that..in the most exact regard, support the worships of their name. View more context for this quotation 1683 tr. J. Barrin 85 He..said he could not refuse these Worships to those who merited all manner of adorations. OE (Nero) xii. 316 Ðis syndon þa gerihta, þe se cingc ah ofer ealle men on Wessexan: þæt is mundbryce & hamsocne.., butan he hwæne ðe furðor gemæðrian wylle & he him ðæs weorðscipes [L. (Instituta Cnuti) quod sui iuris est] geunne. c1400 J. Wyclif (1880) 290 Þus schulde kyngis bi worschipe of here staat constreyne here lyge freris.., vp peyne of here leggeaunce, to telle trewþe of þes bullis. 1439–40 (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1439 §19. m. 13 Þat it like þe king of his grace to declare by hys lettres patentez, þat þe said feffes mow, with þeir worshipp which þei tendre most of any ertly thing, do as is abovesaid. c1450 (a1425) (Selden) l. 10398 Þei suld noȝt be slayn, bot..þei suld þat cyte ȝeld To sysoc als þer soyuerayn, and..he suld þer wrschep weld And..þei suld serue hym for certayn. the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > worth > [noun] > of thing a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris (1873) 2nd Ser. 29 Wel wurð wunne be of wurðshipe swo hit be. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xcix. 879 Most worschip is in white glas [Isidore xvi. xvi. 4 maximus honor in candido vitro]. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 8259 O wortscip was þis tre to wonder. ?c1450 in G. Müller (1929) 115 (MED) Þis is a good watyr for all vicis of sore eyne..þerfore þis watir is hadde in great worchyp, for it is worthy. 5. With possessive adjective, as a respectful form of address or reference. a. With the possessive in the second ( your) or third ( his, her, their) person. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) l. 1067 (MED) At none riseþ hire worschipes: Aryued ben hire sones shippes. c1450 King Ponthus (Digby) in (1897) 12 65 (MED) And ther be any man that dare say itt, or mayntene itt, I am redy to shew my body that he lyes falsly—save your worshipp. 1548 E. Gest Ded. 5 I..doo offre ye same..to your worshipful mastership, not that I adiudge it a present, worthy your worship, but that [etc.]. 1570 G. Harvey 1 Your wurship is not ignorant that [etc.]. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. iv. 62 What does his casheer'd Worship mutter? View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. i. 73 M. Page. I am glad to see your Worships well. a1637 B. Jonson Tale of Tub ii. i. 40 in (1640) III Why should her worship lack Her taile of Maids? 1693 J. Dryden tr. Persius v. 64 Now Marcus Dama is his Worship's Name. 1703 P. Motteux et al. tr. M. de Cervantes III. ii. i. 13 I hope your Worship will take nothing amiss. 1722 D. Defoe i. ii. 62 Indeed I did not know your Worship at first; I am sorry to see you out so late, and 't please your Worship, and all alone. 1773 O. Goldsmith iv. 78 I have got a letter for your worship. 1797 C. Lamb Let. 8 Jan. in (1975) I. 87 Is it a farm you have got? & what does your worship know about farming? 1837 C. Dickens xxv. 256 ‘This here's Pickvick, your wash-up,’ said Grummer. 1843 G. Borrow II. xv. 324 I have a great desire to run through all Spain..; and I am sure I shall never have a better opportunity than by attaching myself to your worship's skirts. 1871 Nov. 639/1 Not only a pleasure to me, your worships, but a very great honour to my poor house. What will your worships be pleased to eat? 1929 W. Lewis Diabolical Princ. i. in No. 3. 20 P.A.J. ‘Why are you not a communist, Lewis?’ L. ‘When you truly communise, your worship, so will I; meantime I keep the few sous I can wring out of the bourgeois in my stocking.’ 1993 July 33/1 Her worship, she-wolf of the SS, was obviously not amused. 2015 T. Nelson i. vii. 69 Do you get the picture, Your Worship? That side of the table is for charity cases, like the two of you. 1600 T. Dekker sig. Hv L. Maior Which way? what Iohn, where be my men? which way? Sibil I know not, and it please your worship. 1607 x. sig. L2v They..inioyned her to make her appearance before your worship in this Court. 1683 T. Gipps i. 9 In like manner, to an Inferiour Magistrate we Address Your Worship; to a Peer of the Realm, Your Honour; [etc.]. 1714 T. Rands (new ed.) 84 His Worship, the Mayor, was a Weaver by Calling. 1742 H. Fielding II. iv. v. 193 He..arrived when the justice had almost finished his business. He..was acquainted that his Worship would wait on him in a moment. View more context for this quotation 1768 (ed. 12) 45 To P.S. Esq; High Sheriff of the County of Y. Sir, your Worship. 1795 T. Wilkinson III. 259 His worship the Lord Mayor was really extremely uneasy about the business. 1836 J. M. Sherer I. ii. 26 Please your worship, I lost my best startups (high shoes) the day before last cattle fair. 1853 H. Curling xxx. 151/2 His worship the mayor..will have the honour of waiting upon your lordship. 1881 ‘M. Twain’ xxiii. 73 Three shillings and eightpence, your worship—I could not abate a penny and set forth the value honestly. 1936 ‘J. Curtis’ ii. 18 The prisoner opened the doors of two cars, your worship. 1962 N. Mandela in (1978) ii. x. 137 I want to make an application for the recusal of Your Worship from this case. 1984 (Nexis) 20 Feb. a17/2 Oyez! Oyez! I bring you greetings on behalf of His Worship, John Broderick, Councilor Mayor of Lyme Regis! 2014 (Nexis) 7 June 1 As Hewitt was read the charges..he stood perfectly still, and had to be asked twice if he understood the charges... ‘Yes, your worship’, he softly responded. the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [noun] > individuality or selfhood > self > I > me a1500 (a1460) (1994) I. xxvi. 336 Spare youre spech, ye brodels bold! And sesse youre cry till I haue told What that my worship wold. 1594 sig. B3 Iacke Straw. I haue his wife and children pledges, for his speedie returne... Tom Miller. Let him take heede hee bring a wise answere to our worships, or els his pledges goes to the pot. a1641 T. Heywood & W. Rowley (1655) v. sig. F3 Hang. Thank your worships. Clin. I would your knaveship had our worships place, If hanging now be held so worshipful. 1668 in F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney (1907) II. 223 I saw 3 good matches at Newmarket which pleased the king well, but not my worshippe, for I gott no money by them. 1728 26 She let him know that her Husband (meaning my Worship..) was out of Town. 1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage IV. x. v. 33 I was conducted..into an apartment prepared for me: there I found a good bed, in which my worship went to sleep. 1807 13 Feb. 50 One of the greatest sources of amusement..is to ramble about and hear the various conjectures of the town respecting our worships, whom every body pretends to know as well as Falstaff did prince Hal at Gad's-hill. 1848 C. Kingsley ii. ix.118 Your blessing, Father Abbot: what deep matters Have called our worships to this conference? 1860 July 46/2 He [sc. an alcalde]..rapidly followed up his salutation by putting himself and the town and all the people in it ‘at the disposition of our Worships’. 1897 ‘R. Thirlmere’ 24 Spotless, too, were the bedrooms, into which we also prowled; and then came a frightened maid to ask what our Worships wanted. 1958 T. H. White iv. x. 635 I speak for the Queen, not for my own worship. society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > form of address to c1475 in J. P. Genet (1977) 185 (MED) The Princes and greete lordys of the world beth bounde to susteyne..and kepe..the pover subgites by whos greet labours they lyve and reioice, greete worshippes in their estatz. 1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande iii. f. 11/1, in R. Holinshed I The greater number of the Aldermen and the worshippes of the Citie are demurraunt within that paroche. 1606 W. Warner xvi. cii. 404 If Variance hapt to fall, They went not to such Worships as like Tyrants men miscall. a1677 I. Barrow (1678) 491 The next in dignity to himself..(Though such an alliance would perhaps be thought derogatory to the Worships of our days). 1776 T. Roch 69 I shall now shew the paternal regard these worships express for posterity, by carefully keeping up the breed. society > leisure > the arts > literature > writer or author > [noun] > company or body of writers 1486 sig. fvii A worship of writeris. 1980 S. Peterson iii. 81 Downstairs there was a waiter silently tearing up newspapers. Upstairs there were worships of writers and madders of painters not too silently tearing each other's works apart. 2001 Apr. 26/2 A worship of writers (so coined for the deference they historically showed to their patrons rather than, unfortunately, the reverse). II. A feeling or attitude expressing reverence or respect, or an action springing from one (and derived senses). Now the more common uses. 8. society > faith > worship > [noun] the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > [noun] > action or fact of revering OE tr. Defensor (1969) li. 321 Bono animo gloriam redde deo : mid godum mode wyrðscype agyld gode. lOE (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Ðancod wurð hit þon hæge ælmihti God þis wurðscipe þet her is gedon, & ic wile wurðigen þis dæi Crist & Sancte Peter. a1225 (c1200) (1888) 85 (MED) Ðanne hit is þin wille ðat ic ðe loc ofrin mote, ðe to wurdscipe and me to hale, ðanne most þu don al swa ðu hafst aure idon bi alle ðinen. 1340 (1866) 8 (MED) Ine þise ilke heste is onderstonde þe worþssipe þet we ssolle bere to oure uaderes gostliche. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 5985 Thre dais gang..We most weind in to wildirness To mak vr lauerd his wirscip to. a1425 Story Holy Rood (Harl.) l. 63 in R. Morris (1871) 63 Oure angels went fra vs oway, Bifor god þaire wirschip to ma. a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Lamb.) (1887) i. 7362 We [sc. Saxons] haue Godes seeres, ffor whos wyrschip we make auteres. 1530 (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 208 Whan theyre ioye ys not else but that worshyp and glory be gyuen vnto god. 1550 R. Crowley sig. Aviv Doinge them dayly worshipe and reuerence in the temples. 1567 (1897) 12 Lord, thow will haif..Wirschip in Spirite and veritie. 1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater i. 3 His presence in that temple so holy, so glorious, and appointed for his woorship. 1641 J. Burroughes 53 The changers of Gods worship amongst the ten Tribes were wiser. 1644 (title) A Directory for The Publique Worship of God, Throughout the Three Kingdoms. 1662 E. Stillingfleet ii. iv. §7 Which Pliny takes notice of as a great part of the Christians worship. 1680 Bp. G. Burnet 53 He believed there should be no other Religious worship, but a general Celebration of that Being in some short Hymn. 1711 R. Steele No. 147. ⁋4 As the matter of Worship is now managed, in Dissenting Congregations. 1759 W. Robertson I. vii. 99 In some places, scarce as many Ministers remained, as to perform the duties of religious worship. 1794 R. J. Sulivan II. xl iv. 281 The first variation from the purer zabaism consisted in the ophilatreia, or worship of the serpent. 1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton i. iv. 32 The attitude that Nature dedicates to the worship of a God. 1876 J. B. Mozley vi. 129 To think that we know everything about God is to benumb and deaden worship; but mystical thought quickens worship. 1883 C. D. Warner 45 Protestant worship was forbidden in this region. 1904 S. W. Bushell I. vii. 139 A perforated round symbol (pi) of cerulean tint is used in the worship of heaven, an octagonal symbol (tsung) of yellow jade for earth. 1961 46/1 He tried to abolish human sacrifice in Tula and limit worship to the burning of copal (resin) as incense. 2008 Mar. 23/4 Bevis Marks in the City of London, home to an unbroken tradition of worship since 1701. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > [noun] > immoderate reverence a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. v. 49 'Tis not..your cheek of cream, That can entame my spirits to your worship. a1727 I. Newton (1728) i. 161 Every City set up the worship of its own Founder. 1759 VIII. 129/1 A kind of worship which the Chinese pay to..some of their great monarchs and eminent men, and especially to their great philosopher and lawgiver Confucius. 1820 W. Hazlitt 20 He redeemed man from the worship of that idol, self. 1838 E. B. Browning 3 Upturning worship and delight..To his grand face, as women will. 1851 J. Ruskin I. i. 25 The dying city..obtained wider worship in her decrepitude than in her youth. 1893 Dec. 13/1 The General Assembly addressed James in terms of worship extraordinary to a republican ear. 1906 W. James 11 Sept. (1920) II. 260 A symptom of the moral flabbiness born of the exclusive worship of the bitch-goddess success. 1941 P. Grainger Let. 17 June in (1994) 173 The Germans have their..silly worship of Italian-derived musical forms, their pedantic respect for fugue. 2010 100 609 Those postmodern intellectuals who embrace..a vaguely pantheistic spirituality that vacillates between worship of history and worship of nature. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [noun] > manifestation of respect OE Wulfstan (Nero) (1957) 272 Ac ealne þæne bysmor þe we oft þoliað we gyldað mid weorðscipe þam þe us scendað. lOE (Laud) anno 1115 On þison geare sænde se papa Paschalis Raulfe ærcebiscop on Cantwarabyrig pallium hider to lande, & he his onfeng mid mycelan wurðscipe. c1175 (?OE) Writ of Brother Edwin (Sawyer 1428) in S. Miller (2001) 164 Me þær Ægelwine bisceop mid weorscipe [altered from wenrscipe] underfeng. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 607 Ich þe wulle huren mid wrhscipe hæȝan. 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith (1870) 7 To bringe þe body in to þe place þider withe worschepe. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 12092 Til eldrin men wirscip to scau. a1450 ( G. Chaucer (Tanner 346) (1871) l. 1032 That I may of you here sayn Worshyp or that ye come agayn. a1475 in F. J. Furnivall (1903) 241 He salutyd his moder with gret worchepe. a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in (1998) I. 203 Sen thow with wirschep wald sa fane be styld, Haill, souerane senȝeour. 1535 Judith xiiii. C Thou wotest that I loue not the glory and worshipe of the vnrighteous. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in 117 I pretermitted nothing, which might make for your aduauncement,..in respecte of the worship that might be ministred by wordes. a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 70 in J. Ware (1633) So that they were then received with all worship. 1637 T. Nabbes iv. v. sig. H4v You cannot there expect A value of your selfe, above the worship Their eyes will give you, when they rudely gaze Vpon your forme. 1783 J. King 2 They will be discovered sooner or later, and then not only miss their aim of public admiration and worship, but meet with infamy and public indignation. 1898 C. G. D. Roberts 16 And life became forever strange and sweet, A gift to lay with worship at her feet. 1928 28 Feb. 14/4 You are great for ever, and the countless throng love and honour you always and offer worship and good wishes to you—a great queen woman. 1965 21 Nov. d3 I am thankful for my schools. I give worship to my family. I am thankful for our church. society > faith > worship > observance, ritual > [noun] > instance or form of ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena (Harl.) (1966) 14 (MED) Þis soule whanne sche ȝaf worschipis & þankynges to God, sche praiede þat he wolde speke to hir of þe vertu of obedience. c1450 (?a1400) (1880) l. 993 (MED) Thou settis more by a littill golde..Þan to fighte one goddes foo; Loo! ȝonder comes Sarazenes in þe felde; Go kill þam down vndir thi schelde, Slyk orchippes [read worchippes] were gude to do. 1521 tr. C. de Pisan i. viii. sig. b.iv They had a very byleue that in wynnyng of these worshyppes to theyr goddes they gate the rewle and gouernaunce of all ye worlde. 1595 R. Robinson tr. V. Strigel li. 82 These worships let vs also performe, that there may be discerned a difference betweene the true church of God and other nations. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta v. iii. 334 Virachocha, which helde the chiefe place amongst the worships which the Kings Inguas made. 1650 J. Trapp (Gen. xxxv. 1) 277 The Church, in her Worships, is terrible as an army with banners. 1657 J. Watts Narr. Publicke Dipping in iii. To Rdr. sig. *v This Dipping of two new Sisters in a Pond of the Yard..being in publick, upon the Lords-day, and betwixt the Morning and Evening Worships, drew away much people thither. 1669 W. Penn in (Friends' Hist. Soc.) (1912) 3rd Ser. 282 The Phar[isees], Esseans, Saduces &c had the free exercise of their destinct worships. 1687 Proclam. in No. 2221/5 And likewise Indemnifying fully and freely all Quakers, for their Meetings and Worships. a1722 J. Whiting (1791) 211 Our not conforming to those worships that we have no faith in. 1765 tr. Voltaire 98 The Christians making no secret of their detestation of all those worships. 1835 T. Mitchell in tr. Aristophanes Introd. p. xii A faith, which..stood far indeed above the baser worships, which surrounded it. 1859 I. Taylor 210 Continuing..to dispense the customary gratuities among the ministers of worships, which were still adhered to by large masses of the Roman people. 1906 A. E. Whatham in 2 56 Asherah worship was a combination of two separate worships. 1999 L. R. LiDonnici in R. S. Kraemer & M. A. D'Angelo iv. 85 All of these worships had temples, or at least altars, for sacrifice, festivals, games, and processions. society > faith > worship > [noun] > object of a1625 J. Fletcher Island Princesse ii. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher (1647) sig. Nnn4/1 By that brightnesse That gildes the world with light, by all our worships,..I will not rest. Phrasesthe mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [phrase] > out of respect for eOE tr. Orosius (BL Add.) (1980) vi. xi. 140 Him to weorðscipe hie heton his wif casern. OE Ælfric Old Test. Summary: Esther (transcript of lost MS) in B. Assmann (1889) 97 Ic wille, þæt þu beo æt minum gebeorscipe, þu, leof, and Aman to þinum wurðscipe. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 5 Heo..nomen..þa blostme and..bistreweden al þane weye him to wurþseipe [read wurþscipe]. ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 26 Haleȝen ase ȝe luuieð mest. inheore wurchipe seggeð ma oðer lees. c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) 338 in C. Horstmann (1887) 472 Þe Marie heo mauden wardein of heom.., þe swete holie Maudeleyne in cristes wurthschipe, For heo was þe kingue of heouene leof and deore. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 93 Medus..cleped þe citee Media also, in worschippe of his moder. 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith (1870) 27 A bretherhode þer is ordened of barbres..in þe worschep of god and ys moder. c1430 Compleynt in J. Schick (1891) App. 66 In hir worshepe & memorye, Was mad a laumpe of this ston. 1465 J. Paston in (2004) I. 140 I wold make my doblet all worsted for worship of Norffolk. a1525 ( (1908) II. 558 Such Craftes..as bere ȝerely charge in þis Cite to þe worship of the same. 1526 R. Whitford tr. 51 b The dedicacyon of a chirche that saynt Bonyface ye pope halowed in the worshyp of our lady & of all martyrs. 1569 R. Grafton II. 125 It is written at the length, and in most shewyng maner, to their honour and worship. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [verb (transitive)] > show respect for OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz (Corpus Cambr. 191) liii. 283 Þæt hig þa ylcan endebyrdnysse æwfæstlice healdon, and rihtlicne weorðscipe don heora ealdrum and heora lareowum. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 4901 Claudien..wes þi cudliche freond. þe dude þe þa wurhscipe [c1300 Otho worsipe]. a1325 (c1250) (1968) l. 2757 [Jethro's daughters] gunen him ðore tellen, Hu a gunge man..Ðewe and wursipe hem dede. J. Gaytryge (York Min.) (1901) l. 206 Our gastly fadirs..techis us..til ilk man that worshipfull is, for to do worship aftir that it is. a1400 (a1325) (Fairf. 14) l. 5290 He has me cast of alle my care. and done me worshepe. ?c1450 (1891) l. 7090 Kyng william in his ȝere thryd Worschip to Robert comyn did. 1490 W. Caxton tr. (1885) xiv. 329 Ye have doon to theim soo grete worship. a1500 (?c1300) (Cambr.) l. 1222 Moche worschyp [c1330 Auch. continues he haþ for me ido]. 1526 Titus ii. 10 That they maye do worshippe to the doctryne off god oure saveoure in all thynges. a1556 N. Udall (?1566) i. iv. sig. C.j Do your maister worship as ye haue done in time past. 1612 B. Jonson iii. iv. sig. Hv That shirt may doe you More Worship then you thinke. View more context for this quotation 1632 J. Mabbe tr. J. de Santa Maria xxxviii. 463 When men shall go about as it were..to make him a little God almighty, in doing him worship and honour, let him by no meanes giue way thereunto. 1690 W. Barlow 7 Do worship to a golden Image. 1826 Dec. 213 He lived in this cave, and there did worship to his master. 1861 W. Knox 66 Christ has now a body, let us do him worship with our bodies. 1871 E. A. Freeman IV. xvii. §3. 78 To accompany the King on his voyage or simply to do him worship on his departure. 1900 22 Dec. 276/2 How three kings came riding To Herod's court for tiding Of the Prince whose birth was greeted by a star..And did come to do Him worship from the Orient land afar. 1944 H. Wodehouse xii. 131 I do worship to the doer, and the doing, and the thing done; the achieving and the achievement. 1994 tr. in 53 282 Doing worship to Śiva and Pārvatī, We come to celebrate Tij by fasting. OE Ælfric (Laud) 28 He heold his fæder on fullum wurðscipe [c1175 Bodl. on fulle wurðscipe] þær. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 429 Belles and staues [That] in worschippe men haues. a1425 J. Wyclif (1871) II. 67 For þe puple hadde Crist in worship as a prophete. ?a1425 (Egerton) (1889) 34 Þai hafe þat place in grete wirschippe. c1450 tr. (Royal) 15 And euyrmore loke that thou holde alle thi lordis in gret worshipe as they ben of estate. a1500 in (1893) 90 297 (MED) Haue on god in worship. 1521 tr. C. de Pisan ii. l. sig. L.vi And the Marquys made Ianycle her fader of whome he made no grete compte before to come to ye palays & there he helde hym in grete worshyp. 1601 R. Linche tr. G. Nanni sig. D So also was Titea his wife held in great reverence, worship, and holy esteeme. 1631 J. Weever 344 Saint Thomas Becket likewise was holden in great esteeme and worship at this Towne. 1753 W. Perry (ed. 2) 61 That Trade..amongst the Antients was held in Worship, Esteem, Repute and Honour. 1879 (new ed.) II. 1294/1 The Archangel Michael is the Vice-Roy of Paradise, and the Angels that are the dwellers therein do hold him in worship. 1909 3 Feb. 15/3 He has built up such a reputation that if God does not bury his body in the abysses the people of Mindanao will have him in worship. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > be or become eminent [verb (intransitive)] > gain fame or eminence c1175 (Burchfield transcript) l. 12373 Forr þurrh þatt tatt teȝȝ wolldenn ba. Ȝæn godd wurrshipe winnenn. c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) l. 818 Who þat þer be of mest miȝt, Grete worþschipe he winneþ. a1375 (c1350) (1867) l. 618 Nis no man vpon mold þat more worchip winnes. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 2439 He luued hir wil mare þan are, For wirscipp þat sco did him win. a1450 ( in J. Kail (1904) 11 A worþi knyȝt wol worchip wynne. a1500 (?a1400) (1903) l. 35 That Auntre shall by-gynne..That knightis shall there worship wynne. a1513 R. Fabyan (1516) II. f. clxxiiiv Vpon ye v. day played togyder an Henauder and a squyre called Iohn Stewarde, whiche daye also the Englyssheman wan ye worshyp. 1572 in J. Cranstoun (1891) I. xxxvi. 157 Quha vantis be bluid thay all thair worschip wan. 1590 E. Spenser i. i. sig. A3 Vpon a great aduenture he was bond,..To winne him worshippe. 1598 J. Marston i. iii. sig. Dv That with industrious paines hath..wonne His true got worship. 1652 Ripley's Compend of Alchemy in E. Ashmole 155 But wyll ye here what worshyp and avayle, They wyn in London. 1737 A. Ramsay 28 He that forecasts a' Perils will win nae Worship. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [noun] > person or people 1340 (1866) 259 Hit becomþ wel to man of worssipe..þet he by wel ordine and amesured ine alle his dedes. 1463 in S. Tymms (1850) 18 With other folkes of wourshippe, preests, and good frendys. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 296 She is a lady off grete worshyp and of grete londys. 1523 J. Fitzherbert Prol. sig. B2 Euery great estate, bothe men & women of worship, that haue great possessyons of landes and tenementes, shulde haue [etc.]. 1555 J. Proctor 7 Maister Tucke..& maister Dorrel..gentlemen of good wurshyppe, and Iustices of peace. 1556 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 15th Rep.: App. Pt. III (1897) 21 in (C. 8364) XLVIII. 71 They..shall examyne hym or them before the nexte gentilman of worshipe. 1598 J. Stow 265 In this Cloyster were buried many persons, some of worship, and others of honour. 1618 J. Taylor C 2 b Kinde Mr. Thomas Banister, the Mayor, Who is of worship and of good Respect. a1650 ( in (1790) 130 The said lordes goeing on foote in everie towne of worshippe. 1655 T. Fuller ix. 178 Our Author (though a person of witt and worship) deriveth his intelligence from a French writer disaffected in religion. 1693 W. Congreve v. i. 47 All the World know me to be a Knight, and a Man of Worship. 1710 J. Strype ii. iii. 182 They summoned all the Clergy as well faulty as innocent, and others also of good Worship and Credit, to appear before them. ?1765 258 He was led on both Sides by two Men of Worship. 1778 I. 248 The Leighs of Baguley, gentlemen of great worship. 1820 W. Scott II. v. 178 ‘This in our presence, and to a man of worship!’ said the Abbot. 1889 F. E. Gretton 295 His uncle and his grandfather were both men of worship in my boyish days. 1937 D. M. Jones vi. 138 The G.S.O.2 who used to be with the 180th that long bloke and a man of great worship was in an awful pee. the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > make a success of [verb (transitive)] > win (any contest or prize) > have the honour of winning the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > honour > give honour to [verb (transitive)] > gain the honour of winning a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 483 ‘Sir,’ seyde sir Lamerok, ‘for youre renowne and your name I woll that ye have the worship, and therefore I woll yelde me unto you.’ 1481 W. Caxton tr. (1893) lxxii. 116 Bawdwyn, and they that were with hym,..said that they ought to haue the worship of this toun. c1503 R. Arnold sig. Avi A batell in smytfeld betwene the lord scales and the bastard of burgoyne and the lord scales had the worship of the felde. a1513 R. Fabyan (1516) II. f. clxxiiiv An Englysshe Equyer..gatte suche worshyp of the same Henauder, that the kynge for his guerdon made hym streyght knyght. Compoundssociety > faith > worship > observance, ritual > [noun] > instance or form of c1425 (c1400) l. 12770 (MED) But wold ȝe, lord, do my rede, Ȝe scholde do a worschip-dede. 1629 T. Paybody ii. i. 41 For so long as there is a worship-ordinance, and a worshipping soule, there also the body worshippeth. 1674 W. Coddington 10 This bloody Persecutor being at your Worship-House in the fore-part of the Day. 1794 in (1918) 9 The Castle..with their Worship House adjoining is a fine Object. 1863 24 Jan. 1553/2 The narrow worshippers are made still narrower by the pressure of their single idea on the mind of their worship-leader. 1866 July 193/1 Those who dedicated their lives in adding to the stores of worship-music. 1869 Nov. 586 The choir-loft, where the organ blast Pealed forth the solemn worship songs of Rome. 1919 C. A. Harris 130 The Fathers of the Genevan School prohibited all worship-music except unisonous psalm-tunes. 1929 (Virginia Agric. Experiment Station) No. 267. vi. 96 Worship services... The writer does not feel that the worship services were well integrated with the general theme and purpose of the conference. 1938 R. Pushee ii. 14 The Hebrews..used the psalms as their main source of worship song. 1967 Exper. in Community, Program (Liturgical Week Conf., Kansas City, Missouri) in Nov. 24/1 The eucharist, the central worship deed of the community. 1978 R. Nixon 538 On our first Sunday in the White House we held the first White House worship service in the East Room. 1997 E. M. Ward iv. 37 Some worship houses are filled with pleasant incense and perfumes. 2011 17 June 2/3 Israel Houghton, a worship-leader from the United States. C2. the mind > emotion > pride > self-esteem > vanity > [noun] > vain person 1721 J. Urry 180/1 An angel bad John to' him not knele, Only to God to do his bowinge; Soche worship-willers mote ill fele. 1870 D. G. Rossetti 91 'Neath golden lilies worship-worth, How queenly would she bend the while. 1884 J. Payne IX. 151 None is worshipworth save God alone. 1897 H. T. Francis & R.A. Neil tr. III. vi. 152 Ne'er be angry, prince of warriors; ne'er be angry, lord of earth: Anger ne'er requite with anger: thus a king is worship-worth. Derivatives a1569 A. Kingsmill Godly Aduise touching Mariage in (1574) sig. I.vijv A plaine gentleman, not verie well borne, but verie well brought vp, not worshipfull, but worshippe worthie. 1576 W. Lambarde 364 Then were the wisest of the people woorship woorthie. 1614 J. Selden 268 An old Fragment thus: The wisest of the people were..worship worthy euery one in his rank,..Earle, Churl, Thane, and Underthane. 1871 H. B. Forman 363 This..offers positive existences as worship-worthy in the room of those ideas. 1977 8 44 A feeling of loss of self or submersion into the holy because of its worship worthy qualities. 2016 (Nexis) 14 Feb. (Lifestyle section) 92 Custom made for the London red carpet, this gold sequined stunner is worship-worthy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022). worshipv. Forms: α. early Middle English wrthscipe, early Middle English wurthschipie (Oxfordshire), early Middle English wurðchipe, early Middle English wurðsupe, Middle English worþschipe, Middle English worþshipe, Middle English worþssipie (south-eastern). β. Middle English vorchepe, Middle English vurchep, Middle English werchepe, Middle English werschep, Middle English werschipe, Middle English werschipp, Middle English wershipe, Middle English whorshep, Middle English wirchep, Middle English wirchip, Middle English wirchipe, Middle English wirchiphing (present participle, perhaps transmission error), Middle English wirchipp, Middle English wirchippe, Middle English wirscep, Middle English wirschep, Middle English wirschepe, Middle English wirschip, Middle English wirschipe, Middle English wirschipp, Middle English wirschippe, Middle English wirscip, Middle English wirscippe, Middle English wirshepe, Middle English wirship, Middle English wirshipe, Middle English wirshipp, Middle English wirshippe, Middle English wirshope, Middle English wirshyp, Middle English wirsshuppe, Middle English wochepe (perhaps transmission error), Middle English worcepe, Middle English worchep, Middle English worchepe, Middle English worchepp, Middle English worcheppe, Middle English worchip, Middle English worchipe, Middle English worchipp, Middle English worchippe, Middle English worchop, Middle English worchope, Middle English worchup, Middle English worchuppe, Middle English worchype, Middle English worchypp, Middle English worchyppe, Middle English worschep, Middle English worschepe, Middle English worscheppe, Middle English worschipe, Middle English worschipp, Middle English worschippe, Middle English worschop, Middle English worschope, Middle English worschup, Middle English worschupe, Middle English worschupp, Middle English worschyp, Middle English worschype, Middle English worschypp, Middle English worschyppe, Middle English worscipe, Middle English worscyp, Middle English worscype, Middle English worscyppe, Middle English worsȝype, Middle English worshep, Middle English worshup, Middle English worshupe, Middle English worsip, Middle English worsschep, Middle English worsschip, Middle English worsshepe, Middle English worsshipe, Middle English worsshipp, Middle English worsshup, Middle English worssipie (south-eastern), Middle English worsup, Middle English worsupp, Middle English worsyp, Middle English wourchypp, Middle English wourschepe, Middle English wourshepe, Middle English woursship, Middle English wrchepe, Middle English wrchip, Middle English wrchipe, Middle English wrschep, Middle English wrschupe, Middle English wrshepe, Middle English wrshipe, Middle English wrsyp, Middle English wurchep, Middle English wurchepe, Middle English wurcheppe, Middle English wurchip, Middle English wurchipe, Middle English wurchipp, Middle English wurchippe, Middle English wurchyp, Middle English wurchype, Middle English wurchypp, Middle English wurschep, Middle English wurschepe, Middle English wurschepp, Middle English wurschip, Middle English wurschipe, Middle English wurschipp, Middle English wurschippe, Middle English wurschup, Middle English wurschyp, Middle English wurschype, Middle English wurschypp, Middle English wurschyppe, Middle English wurschyþ (transmission error), Middle English wurshep, Middle English wurshepe, Middle English wurshipe, Middle English wurshipp, Middle English wurshupp, Middle English wursipe, Middle English wyrchep, Middle English wyrchepe, Middle English wyrchip, Middle English wyrchipe, Middle English wyrchipp, Middle English wyrchippe, Middle English wyrchiyp (perhaps transmission error), Middle English wyrchyp, Middle English wyrchypp, Middle English wyrchyppe, Middle English wyrschepe, Middle English wyrscheppe, Middle English wyrschip, Middle English wyrschipe, Middle English wyrschipp, Middle English wyrschippe, Middle English wyrschyp, Middle English wyrschype, Middle English wyrschypp, Middle English wyrschyppe, Middle English wyrscyp, Middle English wyrsepe, Middle English wyrship, Middle English wyrshipe, Middle English wyrshippe, Middle English wyrshuppe, Middle English wyrshyp, Middle English wyrshype, Middle English wyrshypp, Middle English wyrshyppe, Middle English–1500s worchyp, Middle English–1500s worschip, Middle English–1500s worshepe, Middle English–1500s worsheppe, Middle English–1500s worshuppe, Middle English–1500s worshype, Middle English–1500s worshypp, Middle English–1500s worshyppe, Middle English–1500s worsshippe, Middle English–1500s wourship, Middle English–1500s wourshippe, Middle English–1500s wurship, Middle English–1500s wurshippe, Middle English–1500s wurshup, Middle English–1500s wurshyp, Middle English–1500s wursship, Middle English–1600s worshipe, Middle English–1600s worshipp, Middle English–1600s worshippe, Middle English–1600s worshyp, Middle English–1700s whorship, Middle English– worship, late Middle English worchpeyn (transmission error), late Middle English worschyd (past tense, transmission error), 1500s whorshepe, 1500s woorshyp, 1500s woorshyppe, 1500s woorsship, 1500s worshope, 1500s worsshyp, 1500s worsshype, 1500s worsshyppe, 1500s worssyppe, 1500s wourshyp, 1500s wourshyppe, 1500s wurshyppe, 1500s–1600s whorshippe, 1500s–1600s woorship, 1500s–1600s woorshipp, 1500s–1600s woorshippe; Scottish pre-1700 virchip, pre-1700 virscheap, pre-1700 virschepe, pre-1700 virschip, pre-1700 vorschip, pre-1700 werschip, pre-1700 wirchip, pre-1700 wirchop, pre-1700 wirschep, pre-1700 wirschepe, pre-1700 wirschip, pre-1700 wirship, pre-1700 woorship, pre-1700 worchipe, pre-1700 worschep, pre-1700 worschip, pre-1700 worschipe, pre-1700 worschype, pre-1700 woureschip, pre-1700 wourschip, pre-1700 wourschyp, pre-1700 wourship, pre-1700 wyrschep, pre-1700 wyrschip, pre-1700 wyrscip, pre-1700 wyrship, pre-1700 1700s– worship; N.E.D. (1928) also records a form late Middle English wirschuppe. Also past participle Middle English wershep, Middle English wirschip, Middle English worchep, Middle English worshyp, Middle English wrschip, Middle English yworschyppe. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: worship n. 1. society > faith > worship > [verb (transitive)] a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris (1873) 2nd Ser. 5 Wule we..understonden him on ure eðele bede, and wurðsupen him on ure edie dede. 1340 (1866) 5 Þou ne sselt habbe god bote me, ne worssipie ne serui. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) v. l. 1272 The Cronique..Seith that the gentils most of alle Worschipen hire and to hire calle. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 22292 Þat hali trinite..aght ouer-all wirsceped be. c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 5796 And þei of Lewne worschip Wlcanus, Þe god of fyre. 1447 O. Bokenham (Arun.) (1938) l. 393 And for she dede wurshepe crist & loue..Hyr fadyr hyr hatyd. 1530 T. More (new ed.) iv. ii. f. cxxivv Euery man well woteth how reuerently hym selfe worshypped both our lady and all sayntys. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin i. v. f. 8 To driue farre away the true God whome we ought to feare and worshyp. 1599 T. Nashe 53 The King was as superstitious in worshipping those miraculous herrings as the fisherman. 1639 J. Clarke 12 Men use to worship the rising sunne. 1647 A. Cowley 6 They worshipt many a Beast, and many a Stone. 1680 T. Lawson 50 The Druides had Oak-Trees in great estimation; they worshipped the Misleen that grows thereon. 1743 J. Morris vii. 200 The true God, whom their fathers had worshiped. 1774 O. Goldsmith VII. 191 We may say..that the most frightful of reptiles is worshipped by the most..barbarous of mankind. 1847 A. Helps I. i. vii. 102 Men have worshipped some fantastic being for living alone in a wilderness. 1876 L. Stephen I. v. 293 The God whom Butler worships is, in fact, the human conscience deified. 1923 D. A. Mackenzie vi. 73 Both Nagas..and Garudas..were included in northern India among the gods and demons who worshipped Buddha. 2008 7 Mar. (Film & Music section) 14/1 Less than 10% of Bissau Guineans call themselves Catholic; the rest worship either Allah or the spirits of the islands and forests. a1250 (?c1200) (Titus) (1981) l. 39 (MED) Poure ba & riche comen þer..euch an wið his lac forto wurðchipen ham wið. a1250 (?c1200) (Titus) (1981) l. 42 (MED) Comen alle to his bode & euch an bi his euene bifore maxence self wurðchipede his maumez. 1340 (1866) 212 (MED) Miȝt þou bidde to god ac specialliche and more deuouteliche..ine festes þet bieþ iset god uor to bydde, herie, and worþssipie. a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1963) 4 Kings xvi. 12 He sawȝ þe autir & worschepede it. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xix. l. 263 Sitthen he sende me to sayn..þat ich sholde Worshupen hym with wyn and with bred boþe. 1490 W. Caxton tr. (1885) xiv. 315 I come from Ierusalem, where I have worshypd the holy grave. 1537 W. Turner tr. Urbanus Regius sig. e.ii We worship god nomore..with outwarde workes, as the iewes dyd, but in sprete and trueth. 1569 E. Fenton tr. P. Boaistuau f. 2v Yet do they worship and reuerence the Diuel with Sacrifice, incense, perfume and erection of Images, as if he were one of the Deitie in deede. 1650 S. Gunton 12 Perhaps some Antisomatist may conceive from Job. 4.23...that worshipping God with the body was so abolished, as that, to worship him with the heart, soul, and spirit, succeeded in its stead. 1678 V. Alsop i. ii. 99 Pope Vitalian..first..taught Mankind the Art of Worshipping God with a Box of Whistles. 1705 W. Lewis tr. Ld. Herbert xvi. 370 The Subcelestial Deities.., being of an Ancipitous Nature, to be Worship'd with Sacrifices, and many other Rites, that they might do no mischief. 1712 T. Ellwood vi. v. 225 When he had..attain'd the top Of Olivet; he there did make a stop, And worshipped the Lord: with humble Heart. 1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler III. 157 The virgin Mary, with the infant Jesus, and St. Mary Magdalene worshipping him. 1849 F. W. Faber 6 I..worship Thee with trembling hope And penitential tears. 1937 Z. N. Hurston Let. 6 Jan. in (2002) 390 Boine, La Croix, Baron Cimiterre, Baron Sambdi, all names of the Lord of the Dead who is worshipped Nov. 2 with elaborate ceremony. 1958 71 419 After the reading the book is worshipped with a small havan, a small fire is kindled in a clay dish and ghī, dásang..camphor, flower, and betel are offered to the flames of the fire. 2006 A. B. Wells x. 175 They know Jesus is their only hope of salvation, but deep inside, they don't trust Him 100 percent, even as they worship Him in church. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > revere [verb (transitive)] the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > revere [verb (transitive)] > greatly or immoderately the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > be in love or infatuated with [verb (transitive)] > devote oneself in love to > regard with extreme devotion c1450 (a1400) [implied in: Orologium Sapientiæ in (1888) 10 385 (MED) Also ȝee [read þe] devoute worschepers & disciples of euer-lastynge wisdame mowen..euery daye saye or rede þe schorte seruyse of þat wisdam þat is writen in latyne to clerkes. (at worshipper n. 2)]. c1475 [implied in: tr. C. de Pisan (Cambr.) (1977) 45 (MED) She..is the preysar and worchyppar of connyng and vndirstonding [at worshipper n. 2].]. c1525 J. Rastell sig. A.v Myne vnworthines makyth resystence Yet worship I the ground that thou gost on. 1609 S. Grahame f. 29v Her smile is his heaven, & her frown is his hell, she is the only idoll of his minde, for when he should serue God, he worships her. 1638 W. Melvin tr. C. Garcia x. 194 The woman offendeth not in hating him that worships her, nor any man ought to hate such a woman that disdaineth him. 1720 D. Manley i. 126 Why may I not know and worship my Benefactor? 1749 H. Fielding IV. xi. ii. 106 Men are strangely inclined to worship what they do not understand. View more context for this quotation 1796 C. Smith I. xii. 300 Her father, her mother, and her three brothers, almost worshipped the ground she trod upon! 1837 J. G. Lockhart IV. ii. 63 Under the shadow of the genius that he had worshipped almost from boyhood. 1851 C. Kingsley x She had worshipped intellect, and now it had become her tyrant. 1854 C. Dickens iii. iii. 287 There are ladies—born ladies..who next to worship the ground I walk on. 1906 15 Nov. 508/2 His wife simply worshipped him. 1945 in K. Tynan 2 June (1994) i. 75 Ken, for the last six months I've been worshipping the ground you walked on. 1966 F. Nwapa viii. 171 Of what use is it if your husband licks your body, worships you and buys everything in the market for you and you are not productive? 2000 S. Vickers 260 Her dad worshipped the ground she trod on, but there was never any funny stuff. 2006 A. Kuczynski ii. 25 The editors and fashionistas and gay men who had worshipped her were now calling her by her newer, matronly sobriquet, ‘Madge’. 2. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [verb (transitive)] > show respect for c1300 St. Nicholas (Laud) l. 173 in C. Horstmann (1887) 245 Nimeth here þis guode oygnement..And ȝwane ȝe into is churche comiet, smeorieth in eche walle, For-to wurthschipien þane guode man þat is of so gret pouste. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. l. 94 I wol Worschupe þer-Wiþ Treuþe in my lyue. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 6474 Fader and moder þou wirschip ai. c1450 (1904) I. 39 Þai war fayr yong men..and þai war wurshuppid & had in grete dayntie with evur eman. 1490 W. Caxton tr. (1885) xxv. 538 Worship your better, & love your neyghbour. 1530 J. Palsgrave 784/2 I worshyp a man, Je honnore... I have ever worshypped hym for his great vertues. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione iii. sig. Hh.iiii A woman knowinge her self somuch beeloued & worshipped many yeeres together..at length is brought to loue him. 1578 J. Lyly f. 46 I..wil honour those alwaies yt be honest, & worship them..whom I shall know to be worthy in their liuinge. 1608 H. Ainsworth 189 They wedd their parishioners with a ring, and teach the man to worship his wife, in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the holy Ghost. 1682 30 We cannot but Repartee upon these Alamode Persons, that while they Worship so much only Foreign Creatures, they cannot but be wholly ignorant of those at home. 1797 Jan. 62/2 Where Talents and Sorrow are ever allied; Where Dulness is worship'd, and Wisdom despis'd. 1802 Apr. 293/1 Neither her religion nor her allegiance could allow Selima to dispute a moment the orders of ‘the Commander of the Faithful’, who was worshipped, with implicit reverence, by all his people, as the lineal successor of the sacred Prophet. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > honour > give honour to [verb (transitive)] > with a gift a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 69 Þe kyng of Babilon worschepede [L. honoravit] þis Ezechias wiþ ȝiftes. c1450 (York Min. 16.M.4) (1879) 71 We sal pray specially for all þaes þat wirchips þis kirke owther with buke or bell uestment or chales. 1483 tr. Adam of Eynsham xlii I suppose..that oure lord dyd worschype hys seruaunte with seche benefettys te geue other example. 1549 (STC 16267) Matrimonie f. xiiii* With thys ring I thee wed:..with my body I thee wurship: and withal my worldly Goodes I thee endowe. 1653 in J. Farnworth 23 They [sc. the priests] love the greetings in markets,..and to be called of men Masters,..and suffer men to worship them with cap and knee. 1733 in J. Goole App. 10 The said Mr. Goole took a Ring out of his Pocket, with which he designed to marry her, and put it on the fourth Finger of her Left Hand, and holding it there, said, With this Ring I thee wed, with my Body I thee worship, with all my worldly Goods I thee endow. 1883 J. G. R. Forlong I. v. 448 Some insisted that it [sc. the May-pole] should..be worshipped with garlands and dancings round it by the youths of both sexes, every day throughout May. 1912 G. K. Chesterton i. v. 166 Innocent Smith..wants to express himself, not with his tongue, but with his arms and legs—with my body I thee worship, as it says in the marriage service. 2012 M. G. Hustedde x. 136 (heading) With my life, I thee worship. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [verb (transitive)] > show respect for > do obeisance to c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. xi. l. 168 I grette þe goode mon as þe gode wyf me tauȝte, And afterward his wyf, I worschupet hem boþe. c1450 (1904) I. 62 And þis Putiphar & his wife come & mett hym, and wurschippid hym. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart I. cxlvi. 175 When he had thus sayde, euery man worshypped hym, and dyuers kneled downe at his fete. 1535 1 Kings ii. 19 The kynge stode vp, and wente to mete her, and worshipped her. a1591 H. Smith (1594) 228 If they doe so admire me in silkes, how would they cap me..and worship mee, if I were in veluets? 1608 M. Fotherby 29 They worship him, not kneeling, but prostrate. 1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Antiq. Jews vii. ix, in tr. Josephus 213 When he had worshipped Absalom, he withal wished that his Kingdom might last a long time. 1995 J. Arasanayagam 227 Why don't my grandchildren fall at my feet and worship me as they should? 2014 M. Wijesinghe 330 They disembarked... Her son worshipped her. So did his friends. 1340 (1866) 81 (MED) Vayrhede is þing mochel yloued uor þet is þing moche yworþssiped. ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius (BL Add. 10340) (1868) v. pr. vi. l. 5211 Wiþstond þan and eschewe þou vices, worschippe and loue þou vertus. a1500 (1984) 40 (MED) Appricio, to worscyppe. 1651 T. Hobbes vi. 89 In vain doe they worship peace at home, who cannot defend themselves against forrainers. c1350 (Emmanuel) (1948) l. 103 (MED) When þe haliday is come, wise schalt þou be Þe haliday to wurchip. c1475 (?c1400) J. Wyclif (1871) III. 439 Þe fend..haþ drawe many to his lordship, and specialliche bi heretikis..; and þis shal never ceess bifor Cristis lawe be worshipid. ?1520 R. Pynson tr. Frère Hayton sig. D.iii/2 This Mahomet..dyde breke downe all the christenmens churches, and commaunded yt they shulde nat worshippe the lawe of Chryst. 1556 J. Standish sig. G.iiiv The churches do iustly worship the birth daye of that see, which Peter receiued for ye saluation of the churches. 1643 B. Agar 4 We will not suffer the Papists to worship the masse, because against our Lawes. 1667 A. Bailey v. ii. 63 Let this bright day be worship'd: A universal benefit lives with you. society > faith > worship > [verb (intransitive)] c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Ezek. xlvi. 3 The peple of the lond shal worship [L. adorabit] at the dore of that ȝate, in sabothis, and kalendis, byfore the Lord. a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Gen. xix. 1 Whanne he hadde seyn hem, he roos, and ȝede aȝens hem, and worschipide lowe to erthe. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. (Rawl.) (1898) 193 (MED) Criste Ihesus and his modir Seint Mari and his dessiplis by thare bodies presence..wirsshuppeden at the feste of wedlok. 1526 Heb. xi. 21 By fayth Iacob when he was a deyinge, blessed both the sonnes of Ioseph, and worshipped on the toppe of his Ceptre. 1589 J. Bate 17 It was well when we heard masse, when we went on pilgrimage, when wee worshipped before images, when we gaue to monks and priests. 1614 P. Forbes 20 And, worshipping before the throne, beastes and elders, had a powerfull & plentifull dispensation of grace. 1689 R. Milward 15 Churches are set apart for the conveniency of men to Worship in. 1703 W. Burkitt Matt. iv. 9 If to Worship before the Devil, be to Worship the Devil, then to Worship before an Image, is to Worship the Image. 1773 J. Hawkesworth II. i. xix. 242 When an Indian is about to worship at the Morai,..he always uncovers his body to the waste. 1824 C. Lamb in Sept. 226/1 I..knew every nook and corner, wondered and worshipped everywhere. 1860 J. W. Warter II. 462 It distresses me sadly to see the effect of not worshipping where good men of all ages have been used to worship. 1889 ‘J. S. Winter’ ii Ever since the first day..he had persistently and abjectly worshipped at the shrine of Mrs. Lovelace. 1908 R. Bagot vi. 52 The parish church in which the Cuthbert family had worshipped. 1960 C. Day Lewis iii. 50 The parade included both the Christ Church parishioners and the Jewish families, who had worshipped the previous day at the synagogue. 2010 6 Sept. (G2 section) 3/2 Old Catholics..now worship in a loose communion of separate ‘jurisdictions’. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > honour > give honour to [verb (transitive)] 1389 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt (1931) 54 (MED) Þey schul come to-gyder & enquere by examinement..wher he be worthi of good name & able or non, & ȝif it is founde þat he be of good name & able þat þe companye may be worscheped by hym, he schal be resceyued. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 8064 At London is his heued his quarters ere leued in Scotland spred; to wirschip þer iles. c1450 (Sloane 2464) l. 2326 (MED) Lyke as a Robe fayr of greet Rychesse, Worshippeth the body of a mighty kyng, So fair language..Worshippeth a lettir with good endityng. c1530 in R. Dyboski (1908) 111 She had a-went, she had worshipped all her kyn. a1591 H. Smith (1594) 337 He gapes for a phrase that..he may haue one figure more to grace and worship his tale. 1601 A. Munday sig. B3 You haue dishonoured mee, I worshipt you. You..Unto a Iustice place I did preferre, Where you vniustly haue my tenants rackt. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.eOE v.a1200 |
