witchenn.

Brit.

/ˈwɪtʃ(ᵻ)n/, U.S.

/ˈwɪtʃ(ə)n/

Forms: 1600s– witchen; in sense 2 also 1600s whitchen, 1800s wychen.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: wych n., an element of uncertain origin.

Etymology: < wych n. + a second element of uncertain origin; perhaps compare -en suffix⁴. In sense 2 probably influenced by whitten n. 1c and quicken n.¹ (compare the β. forms at that entry).

†1. The wych elm, Ulmus glabra. Also as a modifier, as in witchen elm, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > elms > [noun]

wycheOE

elmc1000

ulm-treec1000

witch hazela1400

all-heart1567

ulme1567

white elm1580

wych elm1582

witchen1594

weeping elm1606

trench-elm1676

smooth-leaved elm1731

witch elm1731

water elm1733

slippery elm1748

Scotch elm1769

wahoo1770

American elm1771

red elm1805

witches' elm1808

moose elm1810

cork-elm1813

rock elm1817

swamp elm1817

planer tree1819

Jersey elm1838

winged elm1858

sand elm1878

Exeter-elm1882

1594 H. Plat Diuerse Sorts of Soyle 53 in Jewell House Another tree, that somewhat resembleth our Witchen Elmes.

1615 G. Markham Countrey Contentments i. viii. 108 The best bowe is either Spanish or English yewe, and the worst of Witchen or Elme.

1621 G. Markham Hungers Preuention 39 A very good stiffe young growne Plant of Hazell, Elme, or Witchen.

1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life (ed. 3) 53 And the witchen-branches nigh, O'er my snug box towering high.

1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel II. 121 The rooks, where yonder witchens spread, Quawk clamorous to the spring's approach.

2. The rowan (or mountain ash), Sorbus aucuparia. Cf. quicken n.¹, whitten n. 1c.Now chiefly in lists of alternative names for the plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > berry-bush or -tree > [noun] > mountain ash

quick treeeOE

wycheOE

quickena1400

foldc1420

rowan-tree1483

quickbeam?1537

wild ash1552

field ash1578

mountain ash1597

quicken berry1597

whitten1633

witchen1664

quickenberry tree1671

wicky1681

rowan1751

narrow-leaved service tree1793

sorb1796

bastard mountain ash1800

roundwood1846

fowler's service tree1859

1664 J. Evelyn Sylva xiv. 31 The Quick-beam, [Ornus] or (as others term it) the Whitchen, is a species of Wild-Ash.

1887 R. N. Carey Wee Wifie xl. 395 How lovely the place had looked then, with the rowans, or witchens, as they called them..drooping over the water.

1969 J. L. Curry Change-child iii. 46 Shall we try our luck over under the witchens?

2013 S. Cunningham Magical Herbalism (e-book ed.) xiii. Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia). Folk names: Mountain ash, witchwood, quickbane, wild ash, witchen, witchbane, wicken tree, wiky, wiggy, [etc.].

Compounds

witchen tree n. (a) the rowan (or mountain ash), Sorbus aucuparia (now rare); †(b) the wych elm, Ulmus glabra (obsolete rare).

ΚΠ

1670 J. Evelyn Sylva (ed. 2) vi. 40 There is a dwarfe sort in France (if in truth it be not, as I suspect, our Witchen-tree) whose Berries feed the poor People, in scarce years.

1856 E. Lees Pictures Nature xii. 302 Witch-hazels, called Witchens, or Witchen-trees,..stand like horrid sentinels on the margins of the woods and coppices that mantle the Silurian strata.

1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. II. 262 Pyrus aucuparia (Mountain Ash)..This tree has also the old names of Quicken-tree..and Witchen-tree.

1973 Sunday Tel. 28 Oct. 11/1 It was with branches of this witchen tree that places into which persons and cows were herded always remained garnished.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	witchen
释义	witchenn. Brit. /ˈwɪtʃ(ᵻ)n/, U.S. /ˈwɪtʃ(ə)n/ Forms: 1600s– witchen; in sense 2 also 1600s whitchen, 1800s wychen. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: wych n., an element of uncertain origin. Etymology: < wych n. + a second element of uncertain origin; perhaps compare -en suffix⁴. In sense 2 probably influenced by whitten n. 1c and quicken n.¹ (compare the β. forms at that entry). †1. The wych elm, Ulmus glabra. Also as a modifier, as in witchen elm, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > elms > [noun] wycheOE elmc1000 ulm-treec1000 witch hazela1400 all-heart1567 ulme1567 white elm1580 wych elm1582 witchen1594 weeping elm1606 trench-elm1676 smooth-leaved elm1731 witch elm1731 water elm1733 slippery elm1748 Scotch elm1769 wahoo1770 American elm1771 red elm1805 witches' elm1808 moose elm1810 cork-elm1813 rock elm1817 swamp elm1817 planer tree1819 Jersey elm1838 winged elm1858 sand elm1878 Exeter-elm1882 1594 H. Plat Diuerse Sorts of Soyle 53 in Jewell House Another tree, that somewhat resembleth our Witchen Elmes. 1615 G. Markham Countrey Contentments i. viii. 108 The best bowe is either Spanish or English yewe, and the worst of Witchen or Elme. 1621 G. Markham Hungers Preuention 39 A very good stiffe young growne Plant of Hazell, Elme, or Witchen. 1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life (ed. 3) 53 And the witchen-branches nigh, O'er my snug box towering high. 1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel II. 121 The rooks, where yonder witchens spread, Quawk clamorous to the spring's approach. 2. The rowan (or mountain ash), Sorbus aucuparia. Cf. quicken n.¹, whitten n. 1c.Now chiefly in lists of alternative names for the plant. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > berry-bush or -tree > [noun] > mountain ash quick treeeOE wycheOE quickena1400 foldc1420 rowan-tree1483 quickbeam?1537 wild ash1552 field ash1578 mountain ash1597 quicken berry1597 whitten1633 witchen1664 quickenberry tree1671 wicky1681 rowan1751 narrow-leaved service tree1793 sorb1796 bastard mountain ash1800 roundwood1846 fowler's service tree1859 1664 J. Evelyn Sylva xiv. 31 The Quick-beam, [Ornus] or (as others term it) the Whitchen, is a species of Wild-Ash. 1887 R. N. Carey Wee Wifie xl. 395 How lovely the place had looked then, with the rowans, or witchens, as they called them..drooping over the water. 1969 J. L. Curry Change-child iii. 46 Shall we try our luck over under the witchens? 2013 S. Cunningham Magical Herbalism (e-book ed.) xiii. Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia). Folk names: Mountain ash, witchwood, quickbane, wild ash, witchen, witchbane, wicken tree, wiky, wiggy, [etc.]. Compounds witchen tree n. (a) the rowan (or mountain ash), Sorbus aucuparia (now rare); †(b) the wych elm, Ulmus glabra (obsolete rare). ΚΠ 1670 J. Evelyn Sylva (ed. 2) vi. 40 There is a dwarfe sort in France (if in truth it be not, as I suspect, our Witchen-tree) whose Berries feed the poor People, in scarce years. 1856 E. Lees Pictures Nature xii. 302 Witch-hazels, called Witchens, or Witchen-trees,..stand like horrid sentinels on the margins of the woods and coppices that mantle the Silurian strata. 1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. II. 262 Pyrus aucuparia (Mountain Ash)..This tree has also the old names of Quicken-tree..and Witchen-tree. 1973 Sunday Tel. 28 Oct. 11/1 It was with branches of this witchen tree that places into which persons and cows were herded always remained garnished. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1594
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