windern.¹

Brit.

/ˈwʌɪndə/, U.S.

/ˈwaɪndər/

Etymology: < wind v.¹ + -er suffix¹. (14th cent. Anglo-Norman had gyndour, gwynder in senses 1, 2 Later French had guindre ‘a reele, or wheel to wind silke on’, Cotgrave)

A person or thing that winds, in various senses.

I. Senses denoting persons.

1. One who turns or manages a winch or windlass, esp. at a mine; a windlass-man.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific tools or equipment > [noun] > with winches or windlasses

winder1747

windlass-man1851

1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Kiijb Upon the Stoblade which the Winder stands to draw at, there is a Hole bored through, just below the Spindle.

1809 Ann. Reg. (1821) 867 The miners in the work, and the winders at the mouth of the pit.

1899 Edinb. Rev. Jan. 124 Coalowners cannot work their mines without hewers and winders.

2. An operative employed in winding wool, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > one who

windster14..

winder1552

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wynder of thread or yarne.

1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 69 What neede I count how many winders liue, How many twisters eke, and weauers thriue Vppon this trade?

1662 Act 14 Chas. II c. 15 §5 Whereas there is a necessity lying upon the Silke throwers to deliver to theire Winders or Doublers considerable quantities of silke.

a1749 G. C. Deering Nottinghamia (1751) 72 Almost every Seamer, Sizer, and Winder, will have her Tea.

1818 Minutes of Evid. Committee Ribbon Weavers 7 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 134) IX. 5 What can a common winder earn?—Three shillings. What a quill winder?—Four shillings.

1828 T. Allen Hist. County York ii. 312 If they take away their work from carders and spinners, they return it them back ten-fold as winders, warpers, weavers.

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator viii. 128/2 The winders, who put the silk, cotton, or thread on the bobbins.

3. One who winds a clock or other mechanism.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > [noun] > one who operates machine > who performs specific task

feeder1676

winder1823

greaser1832

oiler1846

grease-man1898

oilman1902

pani-wallah1957

1823 Mrs. Smyth in J. A. Heraud Voy. & Mem. Midshipman (1837) viii. 128 William aspired sometime ago to the honour of winding up the chronometers, when Mr. Graves, the regular winder, happened to be absent.

?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 46 Jobber and Winder (Clock).

II. Senses denoting things.

†4.

a. A tendril of a climbing plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > shoot, sprout, or branch > [noun] > tendril or twining shoot

tenaclec1500

tendril1538

clasp1577

clasper1577

winder1577

capreol1578

taglet1578

twine1579

string1585

trail1597

tress1605

nervelet1648

cirrus1708

clavicle1725

twister1799

bine1808

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 33^v The one sort [of Pease]..runneth vp vppon stickes, to whiche with little wynders he bindeth hym selfe.

b. A twining plant. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > [noun] > creeping, climbing, or spiring > creeping or climbing plant

wind1538

clamberer1597

creeper1626

winder1626

climber1640

convolvula1675

vine1708

runner1731

parasite1813

groundling1822

twiner1830

scrambler1902

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §536 Winders, and Creepers; As Iuy, Briony, Hops, Woodbine.

1675 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Trunks ii. vi. 72 The Wood of all Convolvula's or Winders.

5. An apparatus (of various kinds) for winding something, or upon which something is wound or coiled; e.g. a winch or windlass, or the crank or handle of one; a reel or spool, or a stick or strip of something serving as a substitute.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > winch or capstan

windas1293

wind1399

windlassc1400

fern1546

stow?1549

capstock1551

winch1577

draw-beam1585

wind-beam1585

winder1585

capstring1609

crab1627

guindall1628

gin1632

Jack1686

screw engine1688

twirl1688

moulineta1706

jack roll1708

wind-lifta1734

whim1738

stowce1747

whim-engine1759

macaroni gin1789

whimsy1789

winze1839

jack roller1843

wink1847

winding engine1858

fusee-windlass1874

come-along1891

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 300/2 Succula,..a winder or rather the ouerthwart barrel turned with leauers.

1657 T. Barker Barker's Delight (1659) 25 You must have your winder within two foot of the bottom to goe on your [salmon-]rod made in this manner, with a spring.

1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 37 The Winch, or Winder, or Handle, the Iron part is the Winder, the Wood the Handle.

1773 W. Emerson Princ. Mech. (ed. 3) 284 Winder, a winch or handle to wind about.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 369 The reel or winder being now withdrawn, the coil of paper is cut on both sides.

1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 213/2 Attached to the heads of these posts are a number of winders for stretching the wires.

6. A key for winding a jack, clock, or other mechanism. Also attributive in winder-hole n. the hole through which the key is passed in winding.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > part(s) of

nut1428

peise1428

plumbc1450

Jack1498

clockwork1516

larum1542

Jack of the clockhouse1563

watch-wheel1568

work1570

plummeta1578

Jack of the clock1581

snail-cam1591

snail-work1591

pointer1596

quarter jack1604

mainspring1605

winder1606

notch-wheel1611

fusee1622

count-wheel1647

jack-wheel1647

frame1658

arbor1659

balance1660

fuse1674

hour-figure1675

stop1675

pallet1676

regulator1676

cock1678

movement1678

detent1688

savage1690

clock1696

pinwheel1696

starred wheel1696

swing-wheel1696

warning-wheel1696

watch1696

watch-part1696

hoop-wheel1704

hour-wheel1704

snail1714

step-wheel1714

tide-work1739

train1751

crutch1753

cannon pinion1764

rising board1769

remontoire1774

escapement1779

clock jack1784

locking plate1786

scapement1789

motion work1795

anchor escapement1798

scape1798

star-wheel1798

recoil escapement1800

recoiling pallet1801

recoiling scapement1801

cannon1802

hammer-tail1805

recoiling escapement1805

bottle jack1810

renovating spring1812

quarter-boy1815

pin tooth1817

solar wheel1819

impulse-teeth1825

pendulum wheel1825

pallet arbor1826

rewinder1826

rack hook1829

snail-wheel1831

quarter bell1832

tow1834

star pulley1836

watch train1838

clock train1843

raising-piece1843

wheelwork1843

gravity escapement1850

jumper1850

vertical escapement1850

time train1853

pin pallet1860

spade1862

dead well1867

stop-work1869

ringer1873

strike-or-silent1875

warning-piece1875

guard-pin1879

pendulum cock1881

warning-lever1881

beat-pin1883

fusee-piece1884

fusee-snail1884

shutter1884

tourbillion1884

tumbler1884

virgule1884

foliot1899

grasshopper1899

grasshopper escapement1899

trunk1899

pin lever1908

clock spring1933

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > winding of > key for winding

winder1606

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > hole into which a peg, pin, knob, etc., fits

scaffold holec1568

pinhole1659

scaffolding hole1663

keyhole1703

keyway1835

winder-hole1840

knob hole1851

wall-box1875

1606 G. Chapman Gentleman Vsher iii. sig. D^v Euen as in that queint engine you haue seene, A little man in shreds stand at the winder.

1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. ix. 387 The coard i, that is wound round the wheel k, by a key or winder applyed to the Axis l.

1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 41 Always leave the Winder sticking on the Jack.

1840 R. H. Barham Look at Clock in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 60 The two little winder-holes turn'd into eyes.

1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 293 Clock keys are often spoken of as winders.

7. A winding step in a staircase: usually in plural, opposed to flyers (see flyer n. 4b).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > stairs > [noun] > step > winding step

winder?1677

newel-step1883

?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 66 Flyers and winders..are plain, and triangular Steps without any Landing place.

1808 P. Nicholson Carpenter's New Guide (ed. 2) Pl. 53 A dogleg Stair Case with Winders.

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 185 When the treads of the steps diminish in breadth toward the well-hole, the steps are called winders.

1838 J. C. Loudon Suburban Gardener 45 The best staircases are those without winders.

Compounds

winder-up n. †(a) something that concludes an argument; (b) one who winds up a business.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > [noun] > conclusion of argument

come-off1641

winder-up1795

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > non-manual worker > businessman > [noun] > one who winds up a business

winder-up1795

1795 T. Paine Age of Reason ii. 78 The lying imposition of Isaiah to Ahaz..has been perverted, and made to serve as a winder-up.

1921 W. De Morgan Old Man's Youth xviii I heard the expression ‘men of straw’ used more than once by winders-up, or victims.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

windern.²

Etymology: < wind v.² + -er suffix¹.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈwinder.

/ˈwaɪndə(r)/ One who blows a wind-instrument.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > wind player > [noun]

blowerc897

bretheman?a1400

wait1510

town wait1541

winder1611

tooter1620

wind-instrumentalist1869

windjammer1880

horn1945

1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Cornettáro, a Cornet-maker or winder.

1818 J. Keats Endymion i. 16 Winder of the horn, When snouted wild-boars routing tender corn Anger our huntsman.

/ˈwɪndə(r)/

a. Something that takes one's breath away; a blow that ‘knocks the wind’ out of one; a run, climb, or other exertion that puts one out of breath. colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [noun] > that which wearies or exhausts

stretch1791

overexertion1795

overwork1796

breather1802

trachle1823

winder1825

burster1851

1825 C. M. Westmacott Eng. Spy I. 158 I did give her [sc. a mare] a winder,..to be sure, only one day's hunting, though, a good hard run over Somerset range.

1828 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 24 212 Do you put it [sc. your hand] across your breast in case of an unexpected winder from your apparently peaceable acquaintance?

1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations I. v. 72 It was a run indeed now, and what Joe called, in the only two words he spoke all the time, ‘a Winder’.

1866 C. Brooke Ten Years Saráwak I. 246 We had to ascend a hill of 500 feet high... This was a winder.

b. figurative †spec. a sentence of transportation for life (obsolete slang).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > [noun] > transportation > term of > for life

winder1819

1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Mem. (1964) 279 A man transported for his natural life, is said..to have knap'd a winder.

1836 J. F. O'Connell Resid. Eleven Years New Holland 37 Previous convictions and character must have affected his sentence, as it was, in flash phraseology, a winder.

1913 D. H. Lawrence Sons & Lovers ix. 243 It's a winder when you have to pour your own tea out—an' nobody to grouse if you team it in your saucer and sup it up.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online September 2020).

windern.³

Etymology: < wind v.³ + -er suffix¹.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈwinder.

rare.

A winnower.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [noun] > winnowing > winnower

winnowsterc1325

winnowera1382

fanner?1518

vanner1552

winder?1570

dighter?1611

?1570 T. Drant Two Serm. D vij b Mowers, threshers, winders and grinders.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

windern.⁴

Brit.

/ˈwɪndə/, U.S.

/ˈwɪndər/

Forms: Also 1600s whinder, 1800s windar.

Etymology: < early Flemish winder, wender ‘anas mas’ (Kilian).

dialect.

A widgeon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > member of genus Anas (miscellaneous) > anas penelope (Eurasian widgeon)

wigeon1508

winder1542

atteal1600

smeath1622

smee1668

whistling duck1699

whima1705

white-face1709

poacher1888

1542 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 223 Item, Winders, the doz. 2 s. 4 d.

1668 W. Charleton Onomasticon Zoicon 100 Boscas..the whinder.

1672 Brasenose Coll. Oxf. Bills 23. 130 (MS.) Pulitz, 3 whinder 2 s. 9 d.

1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth III. 322 But George he cut the Dragon up, as't had bin Duck or Winder.

1803–4 in Col. Hawker Diary (1893) II. 358 Windar (i.e. wigeon diver or dunbird).

1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

windern.⁵

Brit.

/ˈwɪndə/, U.S.

/ˈwɪndər/

Etymology: Representing a pronunciation of window n.

regional or nonstandard.

= window n. Also in combinations.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > [noun] > window

eyethirleOE

eilthirlc1225

windowc1230

windown?a1289

fenesterc1290

fenestral1399

winnock1492

tresance1510

windore1542

lighta1586

wind-door1606

ventana1672

winder1683

glaze1699

mezzanine1731

1683 G. Meriton York-shire Dialogue in Pure Nat. Dial. 8 Nan steeke'th winder-board, and mack it darke.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby viii. 69 We go upon the practical mode of teaching, Nickleby;..W-i-n, win, d-e-r, der, winder, a casement.

1877 J. Hartley Halifax Clock Almanack 43 Sam made a grab at it, an it flew to th' winder-bottom.

1901 M. Franklin My Brilliant Career xxxii. 272 Lizer, shut the winder quick.

1935 D. L. Sayers Gaudy Night xvii. 372 Winderpane, we called 'im, along of the eyeglass, but meanin' no disrespect.

1976 Trans. Yorks. Dial. Soc. 14 37 Ah've just been cleeanin' t'winders.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

winderv.

Brit.

/ˈwɪndə/, U.S.

/ˈwɪndər/

Forms: Also 1600s whinder.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Compare windle v.³

Obsolete exc. dialect.

1. intransitive. To wither; to pine or waste away.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > wasting disease > have wasting disease [verb (intransitive)]

dwinec1000

shrinkc1000

swindOE

wastea1300

pinea1325

rot1340

tapishc1375

wastea1387

consume1495

decaya1538

winder1600

pule1607

moch1818

to run down1826

tabefy1891

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. ii. xxiii. 58 Until at length his bodie also began to winder away in a consumption.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vii. ii. 155.

†2. transitive. To crush into fragments. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > pressing, pressure, or squeezing > press or squeeze [verb (transitive)] > crush

breakc900

to-bruisec1000

swatchea1300

to-gnidea1300

defoulc1300

to-crushc1300

thring13..

squatcha1325

to-squatc1325

oppressa1382

crush?a1400

thronga1400

dequassc1400

birzec1425

crazec1430

frayc1460

defroysse1480

to-quashc1480

croose1567

pletter1598

becrush1609

mortify1609

winder1610

crackle1611

quest1647

scrouge1755

grush1827

jam1832

roll1886

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 154 By the fall of a towre [he] was crushed and whindred to death [L. compressus & comminutus].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

n.¹1552

n.²1611

n.³?1570

n.⁴1542

n.⁵1683

v.1600

单词	winder
释义	windern.¹ Brit. /ˈwʌɪndə/, U.S. /ˈwaɪndər/ Etymology: < wind v.¹ + -er suffix¹. (14th cent. Anglo-Norman had gyndour, gwynder in senses 1, 2 Later French had guindre ‘a reele, or wheel to wind silke on’, Cotgrave) A person or thing that winds, in various senses. I. Senses denoting persons. 1. One who turns or manages a winch or windlass, esp. at a mine; a windlass-man. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific tools or equipment > [noun] > with winches or windlasses winder1747 windlass-man1851 1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Kiijb Upon the Stoblade which the Winder stands to draw at, there is a Hole bored through, just below the Spindle. 1809 Ann. Reg. (1821) 867 The miners in the work, and the winders at the mouth of the pit. 1899 Edinb. Rev. Jan. 124 Coalowners cannot work their mines without hewers and winders. 2. An operative employed in winding wool, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > one who windster14.. winder1552 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wynder of thread or yarne. 1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 69 What neede I count how many winders liue, How many twisters eke, and weauers thriue Vppon this trade? 1662 Act 14 Chas. II c. 15 §5 Whereas there is a necessity lying upon the Silke throwers to deliver to theire Winders or Doublers considerable quantities of silke. a1749 G. C. Deering Nottinghamia (1751) 72 Almost every Seamer, Sizer, and Winder, will have her Tea. 1818 Minutes of Evid. Committee Ribbon Weavers 7 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 134) IX. 5 What can a common winder earn?—Three shillings. What a quill winder?—Four shillings. 1828 T. Allen Hist. County York ii. 312 If they take away their work from carders and spinners, they return it them back ten-fold as winders, warpers, weavers. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator viii. 128/2 The winders, who put the silk, cotton, or thread on the bobbins. 3. One who winds a clock or other mechanism. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > [noun] > one who operates machine > who performs specific task feeder1676 winder1823 greaser1832 oiler1846 grease-man1898 oilman1902 pani-wallah1957 1823 Mrs. Smyth in J. A. Heraud Voy. & Mem. Midshipman (1837) viii. 128 William aspired sometime ago to the honour of winding up the chronometers, when Mr. Graves, the regular winder, happened to be absent. ?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 46 Jobber and Winder (Clock). II. Senses denoting things. †4. a. A tendril of a climbing plant. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > shoot, sprout, or branch > [noun] > tendril or twining shoot tenaclec1500 tendril1538 clasp1577 clasper1577 winder1577 capreol1578 taglet1578 twine1579 string1585 trail1597 tress1605 nervelet1648 cirrus1708 clavicle1725 twister1799 bine1808 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 33^v The one sort [of Pease]..runneth vp vppon stickes, to whiche with little wynders he bindeth hym selfe. b. A twining plant. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > [noun] > creeping, climbing, or spiring > creeping or climbing plant wind1538 clamberer1597 creeper1626 winder1626 climber1640 convolvula1675 vine1708 runner1731 parasite1813 groundling1822 twiner1830 scrambler1902 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §536 Winders, and Creepers; As Iuy, Briony, Hops, Woodbine. 1675 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Trunks ii. vi. 72 The Wood of all Convolvula's or Winders. 5. An apparatus (of various kinds) for winding something, or upon which something is wound or coiled; e.g. a winch or windlass, or the crank or handle of one; a reel or spool, or a stick or strip of something serving as a substitute. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > winch or capstan windas1293 wind1399 windlassc1400 fern1546 stow?1549 capstock1551 winch1577 draw-beam1585 wind-beam1585 winder1585 capstring1609 crab1627 guindall1628 gin1632 Jack1686 screw engine1688 twirl1688 moulineta1706 jack roll1708 wind-lifta1734 whim1738 stowce1747 whim-engine1759 macaroni gin1789 whimsy1789 winze1839 jack roller1843 wink1847 winding engine1858 fusee-windlass1874 come-along1891 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 300/2 Succula,..a winder or rather the ouerthwart barrel turned with leauers. 1657 T. Barker Barker's Delight (1659) 25 You must have your winder within two foot of the bottom to goe on your [salmon-]rod made in this manner, with a spring. 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 37 The Winch, or Winder, or Handle, the Iron part is the Winder, the Wood the Handle. 1773 W. Emerson Princ. Mech. (ed. 3) 284 Winder, a winch or handle to wind about. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 369 The reel or winder being now withdrawn, the coil of paper is cut on both sides. 1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 213/2 Attached to the heads of these posts are a number of winders for stretching the wires. 6. A key for winding a jack, clock, or other mechanism. Also attributive in winder-hole n. the hole through which the key is passed in winding. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > part(s) of nut1428 peise1428 plumbc1450 Jack1498 clockwork1516 larum1542 Jack of the clockhouse1563 watch-wheel1568 work1570 plummeta1578 Jack of the clock1581 snail-cam1591 snail-work1591 pointer1596 quarter jack1604 mainspring1605 winder1606 notch-wheel1611 fusee1622 count-wheel1647 jack-wheel1647 frame1658 arbor1659 balance1660 fuse1674 hour-figure1675 stop1675 pallet1676 regulator1676 cock1678 movement1678 detent1688 savage1690 clock1696 pinwheel1696 starred wheel1696 swing-wheel1696 warning-wheel1696 watch1696 watch-part1696 hoop-wheel1704 hour-wheel1704 snail1714 step-wheel1714 tide-work1739 train1751 crutch1753 cannon pinion1764 rising board1769 remontoire1774 escapement1779 clock jack1784 locking plate1786 scapement1789 motion work1795 anchor escapement1798 scape1798 star-wheel1798 recoil escapement1800 recoiling pallet1801 recoiling scapement1801 cannon1802 hammer-tail1805 recoiling escapement1805 bottle jack1810 renovating spring1812 quarter-boy1815 pin tooth1817 solar wheel1819 impulse-teeth1825 pendulum wheel1825 pallet arbor1826 rewinder1826 rack hook1829 snail-wheel1831 quarter bell1832 tow1834 star pulley1836 watch train1838 clock train1843 raising-piece1843 wheelwork1843 gravity escapement1850 jumper1850 vertical escapement1850 time train1853 pin pallet1860 spade1862 dead well1867 stop-work1869 ringer1873 strike-or-silent1875 warning-piece1875 guard-pin1879 pendulum cock1881 warning-lever1881 beat-pin1883 fusee-piece1884 fusee-snail1884 shutter1884 tourbillion1884 tumbler1884 virgule1884 foliot1899 grasshopper1899 grasshopper escapement1899 trunk1899 pin lever1908 clock spring1933 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > winding of > key for winding winder1606 the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > hole into which a peg, pin, knob, etc., fits scaffold holec1568 pinhole1659 scaffolding hole1663 keyhole1703 keyway1835 winder-hole1840 knob hole1851 wall-box1875 1606 G. Chapman Gentleman Vsher iii. sig. D^v Euen as in that queint engine you haue seene, A little man in shreds stand at the winder. 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. ix. 387 The coard i, that is wound round the wheel k, by a key or winder applyed to the Axis l. 1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 41 Always leave the Winder sticking on the Jack. 1840 R. H. Barham Look at Clock in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 60 The two little winder-holes turn'd into eyes. 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 293 Clock keys are often spoken of as winders. 7. A winding step in a staircase: usually in plural, opposed to flyers (see flyer n. 4b). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > stairs > [noun] > step > winding step winder?1677 newel-step1883 ?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 66 Flyers and winders..are plain, and triangular Steps without any Landing place. 1808 P. Nicholson Carpenter's New Guide (ed. 2) Pl. 53 A dogleg Stair Case with Winders. 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 185 When the treads of the steps diminish in breadth toward the well-hole, the steps are called winders. 1838 J. C. Loudon Suburban Gardener 45 The best staircases are those without winders. Compounds winder-up n. †(a) something that concludes an argument; (b) one who winds up a business. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > [noun] > conclusion of argument come-off1641 winder-up1795 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > non-manual worker > businessman > [noun] > one who winds up a business winder-up1795 1795 T. Paine Age of Reason ii. 78 The lying imposition of Isaiah to Ahaz..has been perverted, and made to serve as a winder-up. 1921 W. De Morgan Old Man's Youth xviii I heard the expression ‘men of straw’ used more than once by winders-up, or victims. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021). windern.² Etymology: < wind v.² + -er suffix¹.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈwinder. 1. /ˈwaɪndə(r)/ One who blows a wind-instrument. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > wind player > [noun] blowerc897 bretheman?a1400 wait1510 town wait1541 winder1611 tooter1620 wind-instrumentalist1869 windjammer1880 horn1945 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Cornettáro, a Cornet-maker or winder. 1818 J. Keats Endymion i. 16 Winder of the horn, When snouted wild-boars routing tender corn Anger our huntsman. 2. /ˈwɪndə(r)/ a. Something that takes one's breath away; a blow that ‘knocks the wind’ out of one; a run, climb, or other exertion that puts one out of breath. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [noun] > that which wearies or exhausts stretch1791 overexertion1795 overwork1796 breather1802 trachle1823 winder1825 burster1851 1825 C. M. Westmacott Eng. Spy I. 158 I did give her [sc. a mare] a winder,..to be sure, only one day's hunting, though, a good hard run over Somerset range. 1828 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 24 212 Do you put it [sc. your hand] across your breast in case of an unexpected winder from your apparently peaceable acquaintance? 1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations I. v. 72 It was a run indeed now, and what Joe called, in the only two words he spoke all the time, ‘a Winder’. 1866 C. Brooke Ten Years Saráwak I. 246 We had to ascend a hill of 500 feet high... This was a winder. b. figurative †spec. a sentence of transportation for life (obsolete slang). ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > [noun] > transportation > term of > for life winder1819 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Mem. (1964) 279 A man transported for his natural life, is said..to have knap'd a winder. 1836 J. F. O'Connell Resid. Eleven Years New Holland 37 Previous convictions and character must have affected his sentence, as it was, in flash phraseology, a winder. 1913 D. H. Lawrence Sons & Lovers ix. 243 It's a winder when you have to pour your own tea out—an' nobody to grouse if you team it in your saucer and sup it up. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online September 2020). windern.³ Etymology: < wind v.³ + -er suffix¹.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈwinder. rare. A winnower. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [noun] > winnowing > winnower winnowsterc1325 winnowera1382 fanner?1518 vanner1552 winder?1570 dighter?1611 ?1570 T. Drant Two Serm. D vij b Mowers, threshers, winders and grinders. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2019). windern.⁴ Brit. /ˈwɪndə/, U.S. /ˈwɪndər/ Forms: Also 1600s whinder, 1800s windar. Etymology: < early Flemish winder, wender ‘anas mas’ (Kilian). dialect. A widgeon. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > member of genus Anas (miscellaneous) > anas penelope (Eurasian widgeon) wigeon1508 winder1542 atteal1600 smeath1622 smee1668 whistling duck1699 whima1705 white-face1709 poacher1888 1542 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 223 Item, Winders, the doz. 2 s. 4 d. 1668 W. Charleton Onomasticon Zoicon 100 Boscas..the whinder. 1672 Brasenose Coll. Oxf. Bills 23. 130 (MS.) Pulitz, 3 whinder 2 s. 9 d. 1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth III. 322 But George he cut the Dragon up, as't had bin Duck or Winder. 1803–4 in Col. Hawker Diary (1893) II. 358 Windar (i.e. wigeon diver or dunbird). 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021). windern.⁵ Brit. /ˈwɪndə/, U.S. /ˈwɪndər/ Etymology: Representing a pronunciation of window n. regional or nonstandard. = window n. Also in combinations. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > [noun] > window eyethirleOE eilthirlc1225 windowc1230 windown?a1289 fenesterc1290 fenestral1399 winnock1492 tresance1510 windore1542 lighta1586 wind-door1606 ventana1672 winder1683 glaze1699 mezzanine1731 1683 G. Meriton York-shire Dialogue in Pure Nat. Dial. 8 Nan steeke'th winder-board, and mack it darke. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby viii. 69 We go upon the practical mode of teaching, Nickleby;..W-i-n, win, d-e-r, der, winder, a casement. 1877 J. Hartley Halifax Clock Almanack 43 Sam made a grab at it, an it flew to th' winder-bottom. 1901 M. Franklin My Brilliant Career xxxii. 272 Lizer, shut the winder quick. 1935 D. L. Sayers Gaudy Night xvii. 372 Winderpane, we called 'im, along of the eyeglass, but meanin' no disrespect. 1976 Trans. Yorks. Dial. Soc. 14 37 Ah've just been cleeanin' t'winders. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2021). winderv. Brit. /ˈwɪndə/, U.S. /ˈwɪndər/ Forms: Also 1600s whinder. Etymology: Origin unknown. Compare windle v.³ Obsolete exc. dialect. 1. intransitive. To wither; to pine or waste away. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > wasting disease > have wasting disease [verb (intransitive)] dwinec1000 shrinkc1000 swindOE wastea1300 pinea1325 rot1340 tapishc1375 wastea1387 consume1495 decaya1538 winder1600 pule1607 moch1818 to run down1826 tabefy1891 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. ii. xxiii. 58 Until at length his bodie also began to winder away in a consumption. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vii. ii. 155. †2. transitive. To crush into fragments. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > pressing, pressure, or squeezing > press or squeeze [verb (transitive)] > crush breakc900 to-bruisec1000 swatchea1300 to-gnidea1300 defoulc1300 to-crushc1300 thring13.. squatcha1325 to-squatc1325 oppressa1382 crush?a1400 thronga1400 dequassc1400 birzec1425 crazec1430 frayc1460 defroysse1480 to-quashc1480 croose1567 pletter1598 becrush1609 mortify1609 winder1610 crackle1611 quest1647 scrouge1755 grush1827 jam1832 roll1886 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 154 By the fall of a towre [he] was crushed and whindred to death [L. compressus & comminutus]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹1552n.²1611n.³?1570n.⁴1542n.⁵1683v.1600
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windern.1

Compounds

windern.2

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windern.5

winderv.

windern.¹

windern.²

windern.³

windern.⁴

windern.⁵