† witherwardadj.

Forms: Also Middle English witerward.

Etymology: Old English wiþerweard (compare Old High German widarwart, -wert, Gothic wiþrawairþs), < wiþer-, wither- prefix + -weard, -ward suffix.

Obsolete.

a. Hostile, inimical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [adjective]

witherwardc888

unholdc900

fremda1000

foeOE

hatelyOE

onwardOE

fiendlyc1050

witherc1175

unbaina1300

quedec1300

wrong1340

aliena1382

enemiablea1382

enemyfula1382

enemyc1384

ingrate1393

unfriendly1425

undisposed1456

oppugnanta1513

infest1513

enemious?1529

cold1557

enemylike1561

enemyly1573

ingratefulc1575

opposed1584

misliking1586

infestuous1593

infensive1596

infestious1597

affrontous1598

foe-hearted1598

ill-affecteda1599

inimicous1598

friendless?1611

haggardly1635

infensea1641

inimicitious1641

inimicitial1656

inimical1678

inamicable1683

indisposed1702

uneasy1725

hostile1791

adversarial1839

chilly1841

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xi. §1 Þeah hit nu hefig sie & wiðer~weard.

971 Blickl. Hom. 223 Him þa hæðnan men wiþer~wearde wæron.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xii. 25 Ælc ceaster oððe hus, þe byð wiþerweard ongen hyt sylf, hyt ne stent.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9667 Wiþerrwarrd onnȝæness godd.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3427 Wið al folc he wes wiðerward.

13.. A. Davy Five Dreams 20 No strook ne ȝaf he aȝeinward To þilk þat hym weren wiþerward.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2935 Ðis king him his wel wiðer-ward Agen ðis folc.

b. absol. (Cf. Old English wiþerweard adversary.)

ΚΠ

a1400–50 Wars Alex. 4297 Þou wirkis bot on þa witer~ward, & worthis þaim ouire.

Derivatives

† ˈwitherwardness n. Obsolete hostility, enmity.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [noun]

unthankc893

witherwardnessc897

witherOE

wrakea1023

ungrithlOE

feythhed1297

grill13..

ill1303

unfriendshipa1340

enmity?a1400

feuda1400

despitec1400

unkindnessc1400

ingratitude1477

barrace1488

disfriendship1493

hostility1531

dislovea1533

adversation1543

diskindness1596

disaffection1599

ill blood1624

disaffectedness1625

inimicalness1651

unfriendlinessa1684

animus1795

inimicality1797

virus1866

negativism1977

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care iii. 36 He wearð eft swæ ungemetlice grædig ðæs godan deaðes, butan ælcre scylde & ælcre wiðerweardnesse wið hine.

c1175 Cott. Hom. 233 Hatrede and widerwardnesse.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	witherward
释义	† witherwardadj. Forms: Also Middle English witerward. Etymology: Old English wiþerweard (compare Old High German widarwart, -wert, Gothic wiþrawairþs), < wiþer-, wither- prefix + -weard, -ward suffix. Obsolete. a. Hostile, inimical. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [adjective] witherwardc888 unholdc900 fremda1000 foeOE hatelyOE onwardOE fiendlyc1050 witherc1175 unbaina1300 quedec1300 wrong1340 aliena1382 enemiablea1382 enemyfula1382 enemyc1384 ingrate1393 unfriendly1425 undisposed1456 oppugnanta1513 infest1513 enemious?1529 cold1557 enemylike1561 enemyly1573 ingratefulc1575 opposed1584 misliking1586 infestuous1593 infensive1596 infestious1597 affrontous1598 foe-hearted1598 ill-affecteda1599 inimicous1598 friendless?1611 haggardly1635 infensea1641 inimicitious1641 inimicitial1656 inimical1678 inamicable1683 indisposed1702 uneasy1725 hostile1791 adversarial1839 chilly1841 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xi. §1 Þeah hit nu hefig sie & wiðer~weard. 971 Blickl. Hom. 223 Him þa hæðnan men wiþer~wearde wæron. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xii. 25 Ælc ceaster oððe hus, þe byð wiþerweard ongen hyt sylf, hyt ne stent. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9667 Wiþerrwarrd onnȝæness godd. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3427 Wið al folc he wes wiðerward. 13.. A. Davy Five Dreams 20 No strook ne ȝaf he aȝeinward To þilk þat hym weren wiþerward. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2935 Ðis king him his wel wiðer-ward Agen ðis folc. b. absol. (Cf. Old English wiþerweard adversary.) ΚΠ a1400–50 Wars Alex. 4297 Þou wirkis bot on þa witer~ward, & worthis þaim ouire. Derivatives † ˈwitherwardness n. Obsolete hostility, enmity. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [noun] unthankc893 witherwardnessc897 witherOE wrakea1023 ungrithlOE feythhed1297 grill13.. ill1303 unfriendshipa1340 enmity?a1400 feuda1400 despitec1400 unkindnessc1400 ingratitude1477 barrace1488 disfriendship1493 hostility1531 dislovea1533 adversation1543 diskindness1596 disaffection1599 ill blood1624 disaffectedness1625 inimicalness1651 unfriendlinessa1684 animus1795 inimicality1797 virus1866 negativism1977 c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care iii. 36 He wearð eft swæ ungemetlice grædig ðæs godan deaðes, butan ælcre scylde & ælcre wiðerweardnesse wið hine. c1175 Cott. Hom. 233 Hatrede and widerwardnesse. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < adj.c888
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