bustardn.

Brit.

/ˈbʌstəd/, U.S.

/ˈbəstərd/

Forms:

α. late Middle English–1500s bustarde, late Middle English– bustard.

β. 1500s bistarda, 1500s bistarde, 1500s bystarde, 1600s bistard.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bistarde.

Etymology: < Old French, Middle French bistarde, bystarde, Middle French bustarde (French †bistarde , †bitarde ) (c1160), ultimately < classical Latin avis tarda , described by Pliny as the name of this bird in Spain ( < avis bird (see aviary n.) + tarda , apparently the feminine of tardus tarde adj., perhaps as a folk-etymological alteration of an earlier name for the bird used in Spain), although the development of this form in French is unexplained: see further discussion in Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch s.v. avis tarda. Compare Old French oitarde, Old French, Middle French ostarde, Middle French oustarde, Middle French, French outarde (end of the 13th cent.), Old Occitan austarda, Catalan †auoçtarda (1353; now avutarda ( < Spanish), avitarda), Spanish avutarda (13th cent. as abtarda, 1330–43 as autarda, abutarda), Portuguese abetarda (15th cent.; 1253 as avetarda), Italian otarda (a1698; a1484 as †ostardo; < French; compare †bistarda (1472), post-classical Latin bistarda (1247–8 in an Italian source), bustardus (1480 in a British source).Perhaps attested earlier as a surname in England, as e.g. Walter Buistard (1159; 1162 as Bustard ), Osbertus Bustard (12th cent.: see below), Richard Bustard (1221), Ricardus Bustard (1391), etc., although it is unclear whether these reflect the Middle English or the French word. The English word may also appear earlier in the name of Robert Bustardbank (1379), whose surname appears to preserve the name of a place in the parish in which he lived: compare Busterdbanke (field name, Denton, West Yorkshire, 1565, now lost). However, another early place name appears conversely to show the surname (compare Bustardestorp (1234, Acomb, West Yorkshire, now lost), recorded in the 12th cent. as Torp quae tenuit Osbertus Bustard : see above), and it is possible that the field name Bustardbank is similarly derived. In sense 3 apparently with allusion to the large size of such moths (compare 1803 at sense 3), although with the application to other flying insects and to fishing flies compare buzzard n.², with which some degree of association is likely.

1. Any of various large, heavily built, strong-legged land birds constituting the family Otididae, found mainly in open grasslands and steppes of the Old World, most of whose males have spectacular courtship displays; (formerly) spec. the great bustard ( Otis tarda).Denham's, great, Kori, ruffed, Stanley bustard, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Gruiformes > [noun] > family Otididae > member of (bustard)

bustarda1475

gustardc1540

pou1798

native turkey1822

houbara1827

Stanley bustard1831

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 144 Pecok, Stork, Bustarde, & Shovellewre.

1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. diii^v The symplest of theis .ijj will slee..a Bustarde.

?1527 L. Andrewe tr. Noble Lyfe Bestes sig. lij ^v The Bistarda is a birde as great as an egle.

1538 A. Fitzherbert Loffice & Auctoryte Iustiyes de Peas f. cxxvj^v To forfayt for euery egge of Crane, or Bustarde so distroyed..twenty pens.

1597 Bp. J. Hall Defiance to Enuy in Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. sig. A3^v Nor lowly Bustard dreads the distant rayes.

1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xi. 91 Bistards or Bustards (so called for their slow pace and heavy flying) or as the Scots term them, Gusestards, that is to say, Slow Geese.

1685 S. Wesley Maggots (new ed.) 71 More then a Bustard the Poulter might prize one [sc. a duck].

1733 H. Fielding Miser (London ed.) iii. iii. 32 A Bustard; which, I believe, may be bought for a Guinea.

1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 57/1 Bustards have been heard of within the last few years in the neighbourhood of Bury St. Edmund's.

1842 W. Wordsworth Guilt & Sorrow xii, in Poems Early & Late Years 11 The bustard..Forced hard against the wind a thick unwieldy flight.

1864 Times 19 Nov. A specimen of the Great Bustard, long an extinct British bird, was picked up in the sea..off Burlington Quay about a week ago.

1900 C. E. M. Russell Bullet & Shot (ed. 2) xviii. 324 I bagged..two bustard.

1939 J. Fisher Birds as Animals iii. 32 Sometimes..it [sc. the hallux] is altogether absent, as it is in auks, bustards and ratite birds.

1973 C. A. Wilson Food & Drink in Brit. iv. 124 In the Middle Ages the favourites were swans and peacocks among the rich, and herons and bustards for those less well off.

2003 Daily Tel. 4 Nov. i. 2/6 The Great Bustard is to be reintroduced to Salisbury Plain next summer.

2. Any of various birds thought to resemble bustards in appearance or behaviour; esp. (in North American usage) the Canada goose, Branta canadensis.thick-kneed bustard: see thick-knee n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > [noun] > member of subfamily Anserinea (goose) > genus Branta > branta canadensis (Canada goose)

Canada goose1676

cravat goose1793

bustard1831

honker1836

Canada1871

trumpeter1897

1759 tr. M. Venegas Nat. & Civil Hist. Calif. I. i. iv. 40 About the harbour of Monte-Rey are bustards, peacocks, geese,..and other birds.

1820 J. MORSE Rep. Indian Affairs App. 32 The water fowl, throughout this north-western country, are..the bustard, wild goose, several kinds of ducks.

1831 R. Jameson Wilson & Bonaparte's Amer. Ornithol. (rev. ed.) IV. 343 The Canada goose, termed by the Canadian voyagers l'outarde, and by the Crees neescah... This the bustard of Messrs Jerome and De la Poitries.

1893 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. 1 65 The distribution of the Bustards is confined to the Old World—the bird so-called in the Fur-Countries of North America..being the Canada Goose.

1942 Wilson Bull. 54 173 Lahontan, who came to Canada in 1683, mentions that he hunted the Outarde or Bustard on Lake Champlain and used decoys set in the water for this purpose.

3. English regional (northern). Any of various night-flying moths (or occasionally perhaps caddis flies); (also) an artificial insect imitating these, used for nocturnal fishing. Cf. dun n.¹ 3 Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > member of (moth)

farfalla1606

taper-fly?1614

candle-fly1626

moth1646

phalaena1658

pilser1736

redneck1773

bustard1803

soul1815

notch-wing1819

satellite1832

bobowler1852

1803 A. H. Haworth Lepidoptera Britannica i. p. xxv In Westmoreland the larger Moths are often called Bustards and Owls.

1837 J. Kirkbride Northern Angler 7 In the months of June and July, some..fish all night with the bustard, or moth.

1853 M. Theakston List Nat. Flies 67 The white dun, or ‘bustard’ of the craft, is classed with the duns, being nearly of the same construction, but is considered a land fly.

1909 J. A. Riddell All about Trout Fishing vii. 81 One bustard is quite sufficient to fish with, and a light-coloured or pale-yellow bustard answers well.

1932 A. C. Williams Trout Flies xx. 155 Bustard fishing is regularly carried out in the north of England, but to the best of my knowledge it is not practised elsewhere. The Bustard flies can only be successfully employed after dark until sunrise.

Compounds

bustard quail n. any of several button-quails or hemipodes of the genus Turnix (family Turnicidae); (now) spec. the barred button-quail, T. suscitator, which is widespread in Asia.

ΚΠ

1832 Proc. Comm. Sci. & Corr. Zool. Soc. London 2 xxiii. 155 Hemipodius pugnax, Temm... Common in the Dukhun, and called the Bustard Quail by Europeans.

1893 A. Newton Dict. Birds Hemipode, a recognized English rendering of Temminck's generic name Hemipodius..for a small group of birds some of which Anglo-Indians often call ‘Bustard-Quails’ or ‘Button-Quails’.

1940 C. Wells North of Singapore vii. 152 Another strange bird is the Bustard Quail which has several topsy turvy habits. The female is larger than the male.

1998 K. Desai Hullabaloo in Guava Orchard (1999) xv. 137 Bird-watching soothed and relaxed him like nothing else in his regimented life. Cormorants, black storks, paddy birds, cattle egrets, little bustard quails; orioles, [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bustard
释义	bustardn. Brit. /ˈbʌstəd/, U.S. /ˈbəstərd/ Forms: α. late Middle English–1500s bustarde, late Middle English– bustard. β. 1500s bistarda, 1500s bistarde, 1500s bystarde, 1600s bistard. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bistarde. Etymology: < Old French, Middle French bistarde, bystarde, Middle French bustarde (French †bistarde , †bitarde ) (c1160), ultimately < classical Latin avis tarda , described by Pliny as the name of this bird in Spain ( < avis bird (see aviary n.) + tarda , apparently the feminine of tardus tarde adj., perhaps as a folk-etymological alteration of an earlier name for the bird used in Spain), although the development of this form in French is unexplained: see further discussion in Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch s.v. avis tarda. Compare Old French oitarde, Old French, Middle French ostarde, Middle French oustarde, Middle French, French outarde (end of the 13th cent.), Old Occitan austarda, Catalan †auoçtarda (1353; now avutarda ( < Spanish), avitarda), Spanish avutarda (13th cent. as abtarda, 1330–43 as autarda, abutarda), Portuguese abetarda (15th cent.; 1253 as avetarda), Italian otarda (a1698; a1484 as †ostardo; < French; compare †bistarda (1472), post-classical Latin bistarda (1247–8 in an Italian source), bustardus (1480 in a British source).Perhaps attested earlier as a surname in England, as e.g. Walter Buistard (1159; 1162 as Bustard ), Osbertus Bustard (12th cent.: see below), Richard Bustard (1221), Ricardus Bustard (1391), etc., although it is unclear whether these reflect the Middle English or the French word. The English word may also appear earlier in the name of Robert Bustardbank (1379), whose surname appears to preserve the name of a place in the parish in which he lived: compare Busterdbanke (field name, Denton, West Yorkshire, 1565, now lost). However, another early place name appears conversely to show the surname (compare Bustardestorp (1234, Acomb, West Yorkshire, now lost), recorded in the 12th cent. as Torp quae tenuit Osbertus Bustard : see above), and it is possible that the field name Bustardbank is similarly derived. In sense 3 apparently with allusion to the large size of such moths (compare 1803 at sense 3), although with the application to other flying insects and to fishing flies compare buzzard n.², with which some degree of association is likely. 1. Any of various large, heavily built, strong-legged land birds constituting the family Otididae, found mainly in open grasslands and steppes of the Old World, most of whose males have spectacular courtship displays; (formerly) spec. the great bustard ( Otis tarda).Denham's, great, Kori, ruffed, Stanley bustard, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Gruiformes > [noun] > family Otididae > member of (bustard) bustarda1475 gustardc1540 pou1798 native turkey1822 houbara1827 Stanley bustard1831 a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 144 Pecok, Stork, Bustarde, & Shovellewre. 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. diii^v The symplest of theis .ijj will slee..a Bustarde. ?1527 L. Andrewe tr. Noble Lyfe Bestes sig. lij ^v The Bistarda is a birde as great as an egle. 1538 A. Fitzherbert Loffice & Auctoryte Iustiyes de Peas f. cxxvj^v To forfayt for euery egge of Crane, or Bustarde so distroyed..twenty pens. 1597 Bp. J. Hall Defiance to Enuy in Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. sig. A3^v Nor lowly Bustard dreads the distant rayes. 1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xi. 91 Bistards or Bustards (so called for their slow pace and heavy flying) or as the Scots term them, Gusestards, that is to say, Slow Geese. 1685 S. Wesley Maggots (new ed.) 71 More then a Bustard the Poulter might prize one [sc. a duck]. 1733 H. Fielding Miser (London ed.) iii. iii. 32 A Bustard; which, I believe, may be bought for a Guinea. 1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 57/1 Bustards have been heard of within the last few years in the neighbourhood of Bury St. Edmund's. 1842 W. Wordsworth Guilt & Sorrow xii, in Poems Early & Late Years 11 The bustard..Forced hard against the wind a thick unwieldy flight. 1864 Times 19 Nov. A specimen of the Great Bustard, long an extinct British bird, was picked up in the sea..off Burlington Quay about a week ago. 1900 C. E. M. Russell Bullet & Shot (ed. 2) xviii. 324 I bagged..two bustard. 1939 J. Fisher Birds as Animals iii. 32 Sometimes..it [sc. the hallux] is altogether absent, as it is in auks, bustards and ratite birds. 1973 C. A. Wilson Food & Drink in Brit. iv. 124 In the Middle Ages the favourites were swans and peacocks among the rich, and herons and bustards for those less well off. 2003 Daily Tel. 4 Nov. i. 2/6 The Great Bustard is to be reintroduced to Salisbury Plain next summer. 2. Any of various birds thought to resemble bustards in appearance or behaviour; esp. (in North American usage) the Canada goose, Branta canadensis.thick-kneed bustard: see thick-knee n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > [noun] > member of subfamily Anserinea (goose) > genus Branta > branta canadensis (Canada goose) Canada goose1676 cravat goose1793 bustard1831 honker1836 Canada1871 trumpeter1897 1759 tr. M. Venegas Nat. & Civil Hist. Calif. I. i. iv. 40 About the harbour of Monte-Rey are bustards, peacocks, geese,..and other birds. 1820 J. MORSE Rep. Indian Affairs App. 32 The water fowl, throughout this north-western country, are..the bustard, wild goose, several kinds of ducks. 1831 R. Jameson Wilson & Bonaparte's Amer. Ornithol. (rev. ed.) IV. 343 The Canada goose, termed by the Canadian voyagers l'outarde, and by the Crees neescah... This the bustard of Messrs Jerome and De la Poitries. 1893 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. 1 65 The distribution of the Bustards is confined to the Old World—the bird so-called in the Fur-Countries of North America..being the Canada Goose. 1942 Wilson Bull. 54 173 Lahontan, who came to Canada in 1683, mentions that he hunted the Outarde or Bustard on Lake Champlain and used decoys set in the water for this purpose. 3. English regional (northern). Any of various night-flying moths (or occasionally perhaps caddis flies); (also) an artificial insect imitating these, used for nocturnal fishing. Cf. dun n.¹ 3 Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > member of (moth) farfalla1606 taper-fly?1614 candle-fly1626 moth1646 phalaena1658 pilser1736 redneck1773 bustard1803 soul1815 notch-wing1819 satellite1832 bobowler1852 1803 A. H. Haworth Lepidoptera Britannica i. p. xxv In Westmoreland the larger Moths are often called Bustards and Owls. 1837 J. Kirkbride Northern Angler 7 In the months of June and July, some..fish all night with the bustard, or moth. 1853 M. Theakston List Nat. Flies 67 The white dun, or ‘bustard’ of the craft, is classed with the duns, being nearly of the same construction, but is considered a land fly. 1909 J. A. Riddell All about Trout Fishing vii. 81 One bustard is quite sufficient to fish with, and a light-coloured or pale-yellow bustard answers well. 1932 A. C. Williams Trout Flies xx. 155 Bustard fishing is regularly carried out in the north of England, but to the best of my knowledge it is not practised elsewhere. The Bustard flies can only be successfully employed after dark until sunrise. Compounds bustard quail n. any of several button-quails or hemipodes of the genus Turnix (family Turnicidae); (now) spec. the barred button-quail, T. suscitator, which is widespread in Asia. ΚΠ 1832 Proc. Comm. Sci. & Corr. Zool. Soc. London 2 xxiii. 155 Hemipodius pugnax, Temm... Common in the Dukhun, and called the Bustard Quail by Europeans. 1893 A. Newton Dict. Birds Hemipode, a recognized English rendering of Temminck's generic name Hemipodius..for a small group of birds some of which Anglo-Indians often call ‘Bustard-Quails’ or ‘Button-Quails’. 1940 C. Wells North of Singapore vii. 152 Another strange bird is the Bustard Quail which has several topsy turvy habits. The female is larger than the male. 1998 K. Desai Hullabaloo in Guava Orchard (1999) xv. 137 Bird-watching soothed and relaxed him like nothing else in his regimented life. Cormorants, black storks, paddy birds, cattle egrets, little bustard quails; orioles, [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1475
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