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单词 wholeness
释义

wholenessn.

Brit. /ˈhəʊlnəs/, U.S. /ˈhoʊlnəs/
Forms: see whole adj., n., and adv. and -ness suffix; also 1500s wholnes.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: whole adj., -ness suffix.
Etymology: < whole adj. + -ness suffix.Compare Old English hǣlnes salvation, safety, sanctuary ( < either heal v.1 or heal adj. + -ness suffix) and wanhālnes weakness, ill health ( < wanhāl unsound, weak, ill, maimed ( < wan- prefix + whole adj.) + -ness suffix). Compare haleness n. and healness n. Compare yholnesse n. at yhole adj. Derivatives. With sense 2a compare earlier all-wholeness n. at all whole adj. and adv. Derivatives.
1. Soundness, freedom from injury; unimpaired state or condition; good health. Now rare.In later use merging with sense 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > [noun] > wholeness or intactness
wholenessOE
wholeshipc1225
yholschipea1240
yholnesse1340
halenessa1500
integrity1533
infrangibleness1727
inviolacy1846
inviolateness1860
intactness1890
OE (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) in A. H. Thompson & U. Lindelöf Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis (1927) 122 Si quid est quod autem incolomitate [read aut incolumitati] habitantium inuidet aut quieti : gif huæd is þæt wut' on halnisse [abbrev. haln'] byendra giæfistiað uel smylt'.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 86 & hit onont meiðlure mei leosen his halnesse.
a1325 Statutes of Realm in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 81 (MED) He mai..telle the holnesse of þe ȝere of wuche þe foreseide assoine was prest.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 122v (MED) Go agayne to anoynte vnto þer appere holenez [L. sanitas].
?c1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr. Ii.3.21) (1886) v. pr. iv. 127 Þou weenyst þat it be diuerse fro the hoolnesse [L. integritate] of science, þat any man sholde deme a thing to ben oother weys thanne it is it self.
R. Misyn tr. R. Rolle Fire of Love 103 Holnes [L. integritas] sothely of mynde, redynes of wyll,..in holy saules, suffyrs þame not dedly to synne.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 229 Neyther the godhed was mynysshed in the sonne, ne the holenesse of the maydenhod in the mother.
1572 J. Bridges tr. R. Gwalther Hundred, Threescore & Fiftene Homelyes vppon Actes Apostles xxii. 169 The ende or fruite of this faith is the wholenesse and soundnesse [L. ὁλοκληρία, id est, integritas] of all man, such as we see happened to this lame man and halt.
1702 T. Emes Vindiciæ Mentis x. 83 The Diminution of this Integrity, or wholeness, and of the due Motions, is Sickness.
1847 E. Robinson Cæsar Borgia (ed. 2) II. xv. 311 ‘Heartily pledging your speedy wholeness, reverend knight,’ said Burchard, with a quaff that seemed to threaten his own.
1883 H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spiritual World (1884) 336 Holiness, that is..wholeness.
1885 American 9 229 Rossa has too much regard for the wholeness of his skin to run that kind of a risk.
1986 J. M. Coetzee Foe ii. 85 How easily, at the stroke of a sword or a knife, wholeness and beauty are forever undone.
2.
a. The quality, state, or condition of being undivided, or of having all parts or elements properly combined or connected; unity, completeness, fullness, perfection.In later use frequently in spiritual or religious contexts, possibly due to the influence of sense 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > [noun]
wholeness?c1400
entirety1548
entireness1605
integrality1611
entire1622
?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iv. pr. vi. l. 3965 Wheþer men lyuen now in swiche hoolnesse of þouȝt. as who seiþ. ben men now so wise. þat swiche folk as þei demen to ben goode folk or shrewes þat it mot nedes ben þat folk ben swiche as þei wenen.
a1425 (?a1400) Cloud of Unknowing (Harl. 674) (1944) 101 Þen ben þei [sc. the words] spoken in soþfastnes, & in hoelnes [v.r. holynesse] of voyce, & of þeire spirit þat speken hem.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 279 The thynges seide..be seyde by anticipacion, that the hollenesse [L. integritas] of the story may be conservede.
1550 J. Veron Godly Saiyngs sig. D.iii He dydde both geue vnto vs an wholsom refection of his body, and of his bloud, and also did brieflie assoil that hard question of his wholnes.
1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 95 The wholenesse and substaunce of Baptime doth consist in two things,..the Word and the Element.
1624 E. Bolton Nero Caesar 235 That wholenesse of truth which the lawes of historie doe exact.
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 108 Those bedightings or affections that belong to it, as having parts; of which the wholeness..was one.
1744 J. Harris Three Treat. ii. ii. 64 (note) As far as Perplexity and Confusion may be avoided, and the Wholeness of the Piece may be preserved clear and intelligible.
1757 J. H. Grose Voy. E.-Indies vii. 94 At the further end of this temple are three gigantic figures..in a tolerable state of preservation and wholeness, considering the remoteness of their antiquity.
1830 W. Taylor Hist. Surv. German Poetry I. 265 A book of tales,..without drift or wholeness of design: all is episode.
1876 Ld. Tennyson Harold i. ii. 28 Peace-lover is our Harold for the sake Of England's wholeness.
1886 Ld. Tennyson Locksley Hall Sixty Years After 16 Sweet St. Francis of Assisi,..He that in his Catholic wholeness used to call the very flowers Sisters, brothers.
1963 Asian Folklore Stud. 22 87 The puer aeternus, in his fusion of weakness and strength, seems to represent the wholeness which comes from the union of opposites.
1991 L. Cary Black Ice 233 I wanted an image of wholeness, inclusion: moving circles that come together, overlap, drift apart.
2009 Jrnl. Irish Stud. 24 103 The purpose of the individuation process is to achieve a personal sense of wholeness.
b. An instance of this; a thing made up of combined or connected parts; a complex unity or system; a thing complete in itself. Cf. whole n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > [noun] > that which is whole
integral1620
integrity1620
wholenessa1681
unitarya1842
integera1848
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > state of being composite > [noun] > a composite thing or complex whole
aggregatea1425
wholec1450
partage1593
compagesa1638
complexa1652
composite1656
complexum1664
complicate1664
complexion1678
wholenessa1681
compagea1682
complication1750
synthesis1865
a1681 H. Burton Disc. (1685) II. 23 Our whole Man will be in Exercise; the Understanding directing, the Will complying and following the Guidance, and the executive Powers moving in obedience to the Will as they ought. This maintains an integrity or wholeness in us.
1775 W. Cooke Elem. Dramatic Crit. Introd. p. iv Giving a wholeness to the design.
1793 T. Taylor in tr. Plato Parmenides Introd. in tr. Plato Cratylus 278 Unity, power, and being are contained in this third triad; but then each of these is multiplied, and so the whole triad is a wholeness.
1856 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 21 Dec. in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. v. 175 What shapeless and ragged utterances Englishmen are content to give vent to—without attempting anything like a shape or a wholeness.
1866 E. S. Dallas Gay Sci. I. viii. 271 I..ask the reader to bear with me for a few pages more while I dwell in succession on the likenesses and on the wholenesses of imagery.
1924 L. Abercrombie Theory of Poetry 100 Words have their straightforward meaning, which can organise itself into a wholeness of significance.
1975 J. Gibbs in J. R. Meyer et al. Values Educ. 59 Instead of assuming irreducible wholenesses in behavior, mechanistic theorists regard behavior as dissociable.
2001 Guardian 13 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) 24/3 Gestaltists believe that we are wired as human beings to make sense of the world and to create a wholeness or a complete picture of experience and feelings.
3. With the. The full, complete, or total amount (of something); the entire thing; = whole n. 2a. Obsolete.In Middle English also with the possessive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > the whole or all > [noun] > the whole quantity, number, or amount
fullOE
suma1382
universitya1382
your university1385
wholea1393
amountment?a1400
wholenessa1425
hale1437
aggregatec1443
rate1472
total1557
the whole ware1563
lump1576
gross1579
totality1598
universarya1604
general1608
population1612
amount1615
totum1656
totea1772
complete1790
factorial1869
collectivity1882
a1425 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Laud) (1884) cxxxvi. 8 (MED) Of the and in the, ierusalem of heuen, is the hoolnes of my ioy.
c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock Donet (1921) 154 (MED) Þilk hool comaundement in his ful hoolnes is reuokid, ȝhe, and forboden.
1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike xliv. 255 Snivel is onely an excrement of the lower parts of the brain, degenerated from the totality or wholeness of its nourishment, before it could nourish.
1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe Pref. sig. A4 These Three..taken all together, make up the Wholeness and Entireness of..The True Intellectual System of the Universe.
1759 W. Blackstone Treat. Law of Descents in Fee-simple vii. 63 The tracing the inheritance up through the male stocks will not give us absolute demonstration, but..joined with the other probability, of the wholeness or entirety of blood, will fall short of a certainty.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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