whoeverpron.

Brit.

/huːˈɛvə/,

/hʊˈɛvə/, U.S.

/huˈɛvər/

Forms: contr. (poetic) whoe'er

/huːˈɛə(r)/.

Etymology: Originally two words, who pron. and n. and ever adv. 6.

I. As a nominal relative (‘whatever person or persons’), and related uses.

1. As nominal relative, or with correlative in principal clause, which usually follows but occasionally precedes; in generalized or indefinite sense: whatever person or persons; any one who, or any who.†Formerly also followed by that (that conj. 7).

ΘΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > [noun] > state of being non-specific > unspecified thing(s) > anyone > whosoever

whoeverc1175

whosoever?c1225

whatsoc1230

whatsoeverc1430

whatsomeverc1450

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 47 Hwa efre þenne ilokie wel þene sunne dei,..beo heo dal neominde of heofene riches blisse.

c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 45 Who euere of freris..wilen goon among sarasyns.., axe þei leue þerof of here mynystris prouyncyal.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xii. 32 Who euere shal seie a word aȝeins mannys sone, it shal be forȝouen to hym.

1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer iv. sig. Nn.ii^v In case a graue Philosopher shoulde come beefore enie of oure Princes, or who euer beeside, that wolde showe them plainlie..the horrible face of true vertue.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxxiii. sig. H4^v Who ere keepes me, let my heart be his garde.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iii. iii. 105 Heere she stands, touch her who euer dare.

1655 Theophania 173 Whoever have opposed their proceedings,..instead of punishment have been rewarded.

1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. xvi. 59 Whoever acts with design, acts for some end.

1813 W. Scott Rokeby ii. 92 Whoever finds him, shoot him dead!

1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism i. 1 Mental disorders which..demand, in whoever would relieve them,..the very purest intentions.

1906 E. V. Lucas Wanderer in London i. 14 Whoever lives there believes nobly in heat, for the chimney is immense.

2. Introducing a qualifying clause with conditional or disjunctive force: if any one at all; whether one person or another; no matter who. (Sometimes with verb in subjunctive.)Often implying opposition: = ‘notwithstanding any one who’, or ‘notwithstanding that any one’: cf. whatever pron. 1.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 194 Fra it [sc. my purse] as fra the feynd thay [sc. coins] fle. Quha evir tyne, quha evir win.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. i. 63 Open Lockes, who euer knockes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. v. 19 Who euer spoke it, it is true.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) i. iv. 7 Who ere he be, you may not be let in.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 14 Not to taste that Fruit, Whoever tempted.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 92. ¶7 I..must here take Occasion to thank A. B. whoever it is that conceals himself under those two Letters.

1781 W. Cowper Expostulation 701 If he guard thee.., Whoe'er assails thee, thy success is sure.

1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. ii. vi. 134 The books, whoever were the authors of them, were composed [etc.].

1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxxiii. 339 Whoever you may be, Sir,..I am deeply grateful to you.

1863 M. E. Braddon Aurora Floyd III. v. 84 Whoever it is, I won't see them to-night.

3. Used ungrammatically for the objective: any one whom; whomsoever.

1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet v. iii. 172 Who ere you find attach.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. i. 48 Who euer the King fauours, The Cardnall instantly will finde imployment.

1780 Mirror No. 95. ⁋3 Whoever you marry..will have no reason to complain of your temper.

II. Interrogative uses.

4. [ever adv. 6c(a)] An emphatic extension of who, implying perplexity or surprise. colloquial.Frequently written as two words.

ΚΠ

1875 G. W. Dasent Vikings lvi Who ever would have thought it, a short hour ago?]

1881 R. G. White Eng. Without & Within xvi. 385 Ever is frequently heard in composition thus: ‘Whoever is it?’ ‘Whatever can it be?’ This usage is mostly confined to ladies, and is not regarded as good English.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	whoever
释义	whoeverpron. Brit. /huːˈɛvə/, /hʊˈɛvə/, U.S. /huˈɛvər/ Forms: contr. (poetic) whoe'er /huːˈɛə(r)/. Etymology: Originally two words, who pron. and n. and ever adv. 6. I. As a nominal relative (‘whatever person or persons’), and related uses. 1. As nominal relative, or with correlative in principal clause, which usually follows but occasionally precedes; in generalized or indefinite sense: whatever person or persons; any one who, or any who.†Formerly also followed by that (that conj. 7). ΘΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > [noun] > state of being non-specific > unspecified thing(s) > anyone > whosoever whoeverc1175 whosoever?c1225 whatsoc1230 whatsoeverc1430 whatsomeverc1450 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 47 Hwa efre þenne ilokie wel þene sunne dei,..beo heo dal neominde of heofene riches blisse. c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 45 Who euere of freris..wilen goon among sarasyns.., axe þei leue þerof of here mynystris prouyncyal. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xii. 32 Who euere shal seie a word aȝeins mannys sone, it shal be forȝouen to hym. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer iv. sig. Nn.ii^v In case a graue Philosopher shoulde come beefore enie of oure Princes, or who euer beeside, that wolde showe them plainlie..the horrible face of true vertue. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxxiii. sig. H4^v Who ere keepes me, let my heart be his garde. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iii. iii. 105 Heere she stands, touch her who euer dare. View more context for this quotation 1655 Theophania 173 Whoever have opposed their proceedings,..instead of punishment have been rewarded. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. xvi. 59 Whoever acts with design, acts for some end. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby ii. 92 Whoever finds him, shoot him dead! 1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism i. 1 Mental disorders which..demand, in whoever would relieve them,..the very purest intentions. 1906 E. V. Lucas Wanderer in London i. 14 Whoever lives there believes nobly in heat, for the chimney is immense. 2. Introducing a qualifying clause with conditional or disjunctive force: if any one at all; whether one person or another; no matter who. (Sometimes with verb in subjunctive.)Often implying opposition: = ‘notwithstanding any one who’, or ‘notwithstanding that any one’: cf. whatever pron. 1. Π a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 194 Fra it [sc. my purse] as fra the feynd thay [sc. coins] fle. Quha evir tyne, quha evir win. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. i. 63 Open Lockes, who euer knockes. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. v. 19 Who euer spoke it, it is true. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) i. iv. 7 Who ere he be, you may not be let in. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 14 Not to taste that Fruit, Whoever tempted. View more context for this quotation 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 92. ¶7 I..must here take Occasion to thank A. B. whoever it is that conceals himself under those two Letters. 1781 W. Cowper Expostulation 701 If he guard thee.., Whoe'er assails thee, thy success is sure. 1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. ii. vi. 134 The books, whoever were the authors of them, were composed [etc.]. 1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxxiii. 339 Whoever you may be, Sir,..I am deeply grateful to you. 1863 M. E. Braddon Aurora Floyd III. v. 84 Whoever it is, I won't see them to-night. 3. Used ungrammatically for the objective: any one whom; whomsoever. Π 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet v. iii. 172 Who ere you find attach. View more context for this quotation 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. i. 48 Who euer the King fauours, The Cardnall instantly will finde imployment. View more context for this quotation 1780 Mirror No. 95. ⁋3 Whoever you marry..will have no reason to complain of your temper. II. Interrogative uses. 4. [ever adv. 6c(a)] An emphatic extension of who, implying perplexity or surprise. colloquial.Frequently written as two words. ΚΠ 1875 G. W. Dasent Vikings lvi Who ever would have thought it, a short hour ago?] 1881 R. G. White Eng. Without & Within xvi. 385 Ever is frequently heard in composition thus: ‘Whoever is it?’ ‘Whatever can it be?’ This usage is mostly confined to ladies, and is not regarded as good English. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < pron.c1175
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