† adlen.

Forms:

α. Old English aiðulo (Northumbrian, accusative plural), Old English aðl, Old English aðol (rare).

β. Old English adld (transmission error), Old English–early Middle English adl, Old English–Middle English adle, late Old English able (transmission error), early Middle English ædle, Middle English odle.

γ. Old English ald, Old English eald (transmission error), late Middle English alde.

Origin: Probably a word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Probably < the same Germanic base as ad n.¹ (probably with an original sense ‘burning’ developing to ‘inflammation, fever’); perhaps compare -le suffix 1, -el suffix¹.In Old English usually a strong feminine (ādl ); occasionally also attested as a weak feminine and neuter (ādle ) and as a strong masculine and neuter (ādl ). Old English α. forms show retention of the original consonant group /θl/, and are characteristic of Anglian (and West Saxon sources showing Anglian influence). The β. forms show the development (by dissimilation) of the consonant group (after voicing of the fricative) from to /ðl/ to /dl/; this is the regular development in West Saxon, but in later Old English is also seen in other dialects (especially Northumbrian).The γ. forms apparently show metathesis of original /θl/ to /lθ/ and dissimilation to /ld/, chiefly in Mercian and texts influenced by Mercian. See R. M. Hogg Gram. Old Eng. (1992) I. §§7.10–14, and compare forms of needle n. Not related to addle n.

Obsolete.

Sickness, disease. Also as count noun: an illness, an ailment. yellow adle n. jaundice.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > [noun]

unhealc700

untrumnessc897

adleeOE

sicknessc967

cothec1000

unhealthc1000

woe?a1200

ail?c1225

lying?c1225

maladyc1275

unsoundc1275

feebless1297

languora1375

languishc1384

disease1393

aegritudea1400

lamea1400

maleasea1400

soughta1400

wilc1400

malefaction?a1425

firmityc1426

unwholesomenessc1449

ill1450

languenta1500

distemperancea1535

the valley of the shadow of death1535

affect?1537

affection?1541

distemperature1541

inability1547

sickliness1565

languishment1576

cause1578

unhealthfulness1589

crazedness1593

languorment1593

evilness1599

strickenness1599

craziness1602

distemper1604

unsoundness1605

invaletude1623

unhealthiness1634

achaque1647

unwellness1653

disailment1657

insalubrity1668

faintiness1683

queerness1687

invalidity1690

illness1692

ill health1698

ailment1708

illing1719

invalescence1724

peakingness1727

sickishness1727

valetudinariness1742

ailingness1776

brash1786

invalidism1794

poorliness1814

diseasement1826

invalidship1830

valetudinarianism1839

ailing1862

invalidhood1863

megrims1870

pourriture1890

immersement1903

bug1918

condition1920

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxxii. 378 Þa wearð he semninga on middum þæm siðfæte mid hefigre aðle [L. molestia] gehrinen.

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. 10 (table of contents) Læcedomas wiþ ðære geolwan adle..& wiþ gealadle sio cymð of þære geolwan adle.

OE Metrical Charm: Nine Herbs (Harl. 585) 58 Crist stod ofer alde ængan cundes.

OE tr. Medicina de Quadrupedibus (Vitell.) i. 236 Þa hors þa þe syn on feofre oþþe on ænigre adle [?a1200 Harl. 6258B adle].

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4803 He wass..secnedd. Onn all hiss bodiȝ..Þurrh an full atell adle.

?c1400 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1912) 128 56 (MED) Quodam morbo, qui appellatur odle & diuersis aliis infirmitatibus.

c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler Mittelengl. Medizinlit. (1919) 216 (MED) Þat syrup is good for þe yelow alde.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	adle
释义	† adlen. Forms: α. Old English aiðulo (Northumbrian, accusative plural), Old English aðl, Old English aðol (rare). β. Old English adld (transmission error), Old English–early Middle English adl, Old English–Middle English adle, late Old English able (transmission error), early Middle English ædle, Middle English odle. γ. Old English ald, Old English eald (transmission error), late Middle English alde. Origin: Probably a word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Probably < the same Germanic base as ad n.¹ (probably with an original sense ‘burning’ developing to ‘inflammation, fever’); perhaps compare -le suffix 1, -el suffix¹.In Old English usually a strong feminine (ādl ); occasionally also attested as a weak feminine and neuter (ādle ) and as a strong masculine and neuter (ādl ). Old English α. forms show retention of the original consonant group /θl/, and are characteristic of Anglian (and West Saxon sources showing Anglian influence). The β. forms show the development (by dissimilation) of the consonant group (after voicing of the fricative) from to /ðl/ to /dl/; this is the regular development in West Saxon, but in later Old English is also seen in other dialects (especially Northumbrian).The γ. forms apparently show metathesis of original /θl/ to /lθ/ and dissimilation to /ld/, chiefly in Mercian and texts influenced by Mercian. See R. M. Hogg Gram. Old Eng. (1992) I. §§7.10–14, and compare forms of needle n. Not related to addle n. Obsolete. Sickness, disease. Also as count noun: an illness, an ailment. yellow adle n. jaundice. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > [noun] unhealc700 untrumnessc897 adleeOE sicknessc967 cothec1000 unhealthc1000 woe?a1200 ail?c1225 lying?c1225 maladyc1275 unsoundc1275 feebless1297 languora1375 languishc1384 disease1393 aegritudea1400 lamea1400 maleasea1400 soughta1400 wilc1400 malefaction?a1425 firmityc1426 unwholesomenessc1449 ill1450 languenta1500 distemperancea1535 the valley of the shadow of death1535 affect?1537 affection?1541 distemperature1541 inability1547 sickliness1565 languishment1576 cause1578 unhealthfulness1589 crazedness1593 languorment1593 evilness1599 strickenness1599 craziness1602 distemper1604 unsoundness1605 invaletude1623 unhealthiness1634 achaque1647 unwellness1653 disailment1657 insalubrity1668 faintiness1683 queerness1687 invalidity1690 illness1692 ill health1698 ailment1708 illing1719 invalescence1724 peakingness1727 sickishness1727 valetudinariness1742 ailingness1776 brash1786 invalidism1794 poorliness1814 diseasement1826 invalidship1830 valetudinarianism1839 ailing1862 invalidhood1863 megrims1870 pourriture1890 immersement1903 bug1918 condition1920 eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxxii. 378 Þa wearð he semninga on middum þæm siðfæte mid hefigre aðle [L. molestia] gehrinen. eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. 10 (table of contents) Læcedomas wiþ ðære geolwan adle..& wiþ gealadle sio cymð of þære geolwan adle. OE Metrical Charm: Nine Herbs (Harl. 585) 58 Crist stod ofer alde ængan cundes. OE tr. Medicina de Quadrupedibus (Vitell.) i. 236 Þa hors þa þe syn on feofre oþþe on ænigre adle [?a1200 Harl. 6258B adle]. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4803 He wass..secnedd. Onn all hiss bodiȝ..Þurrh an full atell adle. ?c1400 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1912) 128 56 (MED) Quodam morbo, qui appellatur odle & diuersis aliis infirmitatibus. c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler Mittelengl. Medizinlit. (1919) 216 (MED) Þat syrup is good for þe yelow alde. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.eOE
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