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单词 well-doing
释义

well-doingn.

Brit. /ˌwɛlˈduːɪŋ/, /ˈwɛlduːɪŋ/, U.S. /ˌwɛlˈduɪŋ/, /ˈwɛlˌduɪŋ/
Forms: see well adv. and n.4 and doing n.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: well adv., doing n.
Etymology: < well adv. + doing n. Compare early modern German wolthuung action or fact of doing good deeds (15th cent., e.g. in Hebrews 13:16, the passage translated in quot. c1384 at sense 1a). Compare earlier well-doing adj.Compare Old English weldōnnes well-doing, kindness (apparently < well adv. + done , past participle of do v. + -ness suffix).
1.
a. The action or fact of conducting oneself well; good, proper, or virtuous conduct; (also) the action or fact of doing good deeds; beneficence. Cf. evil-doing n.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [noun] > right action or well-doing
do-well1362
well-doingc1384
well working1542
rightdoing1556
eupraxy1675
orthopraxy1852
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Heb. xiii. 16 Nyle ȝe forȝete of wel doynge, or ȝyuynge [L. beneficientiae], and of comunyng; forsoth by suche oostis God is disseruyd.
?a1400 in Paraphr. Seven Penitential Psalms (1842) 62 Slownes is a cursid thing: For it is evere weri of weel doyng.
?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 3 Ladies..that..were..honoured..for her weldoinge and goodnes.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) 2 Thess. iii. 13 Brethren be not weary in well doynge.
1574 E. Hake Touchestone for Time Present sig. Ev Of sinne commeth death: Of wel doing commeth life.
1609 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1816) IV. 461/2 To the end that..be gratificatioun of his weill affectionat subiectis they micht continew thair ardoir and affectioun in weill doing.
1665 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim xv. 128 He suffered for well doing, and we for ill.
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 55 We are so made, that Well-doing as such gives us Satisfaction.
1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. i. 9 Laugh at your ain toom pouches—it will be lang or your weel-doing fill them.
1883 R. Whitelaw tr. Sophocles Antigone 703 Welldoing and fair fame of sire to son, Of son to sire, is noblest ornament.
1944 Z. N. Hurston Let. 8 Sept. in Life in Lett. (2002) 503 Let us take the responsibility for our share of ill-living as well as the praise for well-doing.
2002 A. Clarke Polished Hoe (2003) i. 9 It is more better for a man to suffer for his well-doing, than for his evil-doing.
b. Admirable conduct in battle; valour; military prowess. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > valour > warlike valour > [noun] > warlike excellence
worshipOE
chivalry1297
vassalage1303
bountyc1330
valuea1393
well-doingc1475
war-proofa1616
nine-worthiness1663
c1475 (?c1451) Bk. Noblesse (Royal) (1860) 32 Rewardis..in londis and goodis to every man for theire welle doing that day.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. l. 361 The douglas so weill him bare, That all the men that with hym ware Had confort of his weill-doing.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxvii. 550 But the cristin ne myght but litill space endure, ne hadde be the well doinge of the v knyghtes of the reame of logres.
a1525 G. Myll Spectakle of Luf in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 273 Thi manheid and weilldoing in armes.
c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. l. 4150 Men worship byis oft dere..For-thy suld na man for na thing Say vther than gude for weill doing.
1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age ii. i. xv. 201 Those [Politicks] of Vienna had as bad an issue here, as they had in Poland, when they counselled war, with a very fine shew of well doing, in the year, 1635.
c. In plural. Good deeds; virtuous actions.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [noun] > right action or well-doing > the doing of good deeds > good deeds
righteousnesseOE
rightfulnessc1350
well-doings1538
merit works1635
1538 Bible (Coverdale) Ep. Ded. sig. ✠ii Do not ye enemies of gods word ceasse yet..to seke out new occasions, how they may depraue & synistrally interprete our wel doynges.
1571 H. Latimer Serm. 1st Sunday Epiph. in Frutefull Serm. ii. f. 186v Seing we shall haue no rewarde for our well doynges.
1647 W. Rose Balaams Better Wish 35 Thinke on the death of the righteous... Whose death is..the day when he receives a gracious reward of his well doings.
1729 W. Law Serious Call xviii. 341 God is as well pleas'd with their well doings, as with yours.
1861 Mrs. H. Wood East Lynne II. ii. iv. 18 His ill doings or well doings cannot affect us for the short period he is likely to remain.
1902 G. M. Adam in J. Lord Bracon Lights of Hist. XIV. 108 In such benevolences and well-doings, and in this life of renunciation and self-sacrifice, Ruskin spent himself.
1982 D. Heyd Supererogation vi. 128 In the same way as there are non-obligatory well-doings, so must there be ‘permissive ill-doings’.
2. The fact or condition of doing well or thriving; welfare, good health; prosperity, success. Cf. well-being n., well-doing adj. 2. Now archaic and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun]
selthc888
healc950
wealOE
goder-heala1225
prosperity?c1225
wealtha1300
statec1300
healtha1325
welfare1357
theedom1362
wealfulnessc1374
bonchiefa1387
felicity1393
boota1400
wella1400
wealsc1400
well-doingc1440
prosperancea1460
happiness?1473
quartfulness1483
brightnessa1500
goodnessa1500
sonsea1500
thriftiness?1529
prosperation1543
well-being1561
prosperousness1600
fair world1641
thrivingness1818
goldenness1829
palminess1875
c1440 (a1401) Life Bridlington in Neuphilol. Mitteilungen (1970) 71 140 (MED) He þat takes a gude purpose, Of weledoyng he may not lose.
1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer ii. f. cccxlvi In hope of wel doyng, and of gettyng agayne the double of thy lesyng.
1557 Queen Mary I in M. A. E. Wood Lett. Royal Ladies (1846) III. 313 The lady Latimer, who, of a natural and motherly affection, doth tender the well-doing of her said daughter [etc.].
1573 Manutius' Phrases Lat. 254 Your welfare and weldoing reioyceth me as muche, as mine owne.
1625 Ld. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 262 We are glad to hear of your well doing.
1763 J. Mills New Syst. Pract. Husbandry II. 415 For..the increase and well-doing of the plants.
1800 W. Wordsworth Michael 432 A good report did from their Kinsman come, Of Luke and his well-doing.
1854 Poultry Chron. 2 338 Houses..for fatting wild fowl,..whose well-doing was so considered, that [etc.].
1924 R. Macaulay Orphan Island ix. 93 ‘Our ten [children] have done well.’.. ‘They certainly..seem to have had a fairly large allowance of descendants apiece, if that is well-doing.’
2012 J. Moss Aristotle on Apparent Good ii. iv. 88 Whether or not Aristotle has an account of how things like insults or undeserved well-doing are perceptible, he clearly thinks that they are.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

well-doingadj.

Brit. /ˌwɛlˈduːɪŋ/, U.S. /ˌwɛlˈduɪŋ/
Forms: see well adv. and n.4 and do v.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: well adv., English doing , do v.
Etymology: < well adv. + doing, present participle of do v. Compare Middle High German woltuende that behaves in a righteous manner (German wohltuend now only in senses ‘pleasant, agreeable’ and ‘soothing’).In some instances in Old English (as also in apparent compounds of wel well adv. with other forms of dōn do v.) perhaps reflecting a compound verb, especially when translating classical Latin benefacere (see benefit n.), itself often written as two separate words (i.e. bene facere ). Compare Old English (rare) weldōn to satisfy, please, translating classical Latin satisfacere satisfy v. Compare also Old English weldōnd benefactor (apparently < well adv. + do v. + -end suffix1).
1. That behaves in an admirable or righteous manner; †valiant (obsolete); beneficent; diligent in performance of work or duty; virtuous, respectable. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > valour > [adjective]
well-doingeOE
orpedOE
eglechea1250
hendc1275
i-wihtc1275
valiantc1330
valiantc1330
sadc1384
wighty14..
bounteousa1440
valorous1477
warlike1488
valorous1490
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [adjective] > acting rightly or that does good
well-workinglOE
well-doing1609
eupractic1833
orthoprax1852
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xvii. 107 (heading) Hu se reccere sceal bion ðæm weldondum monnum [L. bene agentibus] for eaðmodnesse gefera.
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) xxxix. 2 Se man wæs weldonde on eallum þingum.
c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 4773 Four score..Hardi and wele doinde kniȝtes.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) (1850) 1 Pet. iii. 6 As Sare..of whom ȝe ben douȝtres wel doynge [L. benefacientes].
c1400 Bk. to Mother (Bodl.) 141 Alle þat in þis lif ȝeuen hemself to be wel wilninge, wel doynge, studinge hou þei myȝten alle here graces and goodnesses þat þei hadden receyued, [etc.].
c1480 Medulla Gram. (Pepys) f. 29v Beneficus, wele doyng.
1609 W. Shakespeare Louers Complaint in Sonnets sig. K3 And controuersie hence a question takes, Whether the horse by him became his deed, Or he his mannad'g, [= managed] by'th wel doing Steed.
1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus ii. i. 331 That his Master may find him doing, yea welldoing.
1700 P. Danet Compl. Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. at Euergetes At the birth of Osiris a voice was heard, says Plutarch, proclaiming that the great and well-doing King Osiris was born.
1822 Ld. Byron Heaven & Earth i. iii, in Liberal 1 188 I am safe, not for my own deserts, but those Of a well-doing sire, who hath been found Righteous enough to save his children.
a1886 D. Grant Sc. Stories (1888) 76 Sic an honest, weel-daen woman as I kent my wife to be!
1914 C. Bulwer-Lytton Prisons & Prisoners ix. 192 A well-meaning, and according to his powers a well-doing man.
1992 A. Carnegie in D. F. Burlingame Responsibilities of Wealth 14 The well-doing and industrious poor.
2. Scottish and Irish English (northern). Prosperous, successful; thriving. Cf. well-to-do adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > prosperity > [adjective]
i-selic888
wealyc893
blaed-fastOE
i-sundfulc1000
full-thrivenc1175
well-donea1200
wealfulc1230
i-selec1275
neotsumc1275
prosperc1350
wealsomea1382
well begonea1393
prosperable?c1422
thriftyc1440
prosperousc1450
quartful?c1475
wealthyc1480
wella1500
prospering1587
felicious1599
thriving1607
felicitous1641
prospered1651
well-faring1712
well-doing1800
made-up1956
1800 Anti-Jacobin Rev. & Mag. Mar. 123 ‘Above me,’ said Tom Chink, ‘I don't see as how a green-grocer's daughter is above a well-doing tin-man.’
1834 J. Galt Stories of Study III. 44 Lions is surely a very well-doing town, but it is not just such a thriving place as Glasgow.
1897 ‘L. Keith’ My Bonnie Lady vii. 67 ‘Do you know nothing of her folk?’ ‘Nothing, forby that they are well-doing in the world.’
1928 J. Buchan Montrose 237 The plenishing of many a well-doing citizen.
1944 M. Scott in T. Deeson et al. Stones that ground Corn (2002) 15 The 3,000 or so inhabitants of Omagh, most of them warm and well-doing in their neatly thatched houses.
1987 A. Blair Sc. Tales (1990) 97 An orphan, reared in the well-doing home of James and his wife.
2004 in Sc. National Dict. New Suppl. (Electronic text) at Weel-daein [Edinburgh] She mairriet a weel-daein laddie fae Perth.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.c1384adj.eOE
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