wherethroughadv.

/hwɛːˈθruː/

Etymology: < where adv., conj., and n. Compounds 2 + through prep. and adv. Compare Dutch waardoor, German wodurch.

Now formal or archaic.

Through which (in various senses of through prep. and adv.).

1. In reference to movement or direction in space, etc., or to duration in time (through prep. 1 – 8).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > [adverb] > through which

wherethorough?c1225

wherethrough1297

the world > space > direction > specific directions > [adverb] > in the direction of thickness > through thickness

throughoutOE

wherethorough?c1225

wherethrough1297

thorougha1387

thoroughlya1500

throughly1541

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 170 Veire weies..ȝwar þorȝ me mai wende Fram þe on ende of engelond vorþ to þe oþer ende.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) viii. 30 Him behoues passe by þe Reed See..whare thurgh þe childer of Israel went drye fote.

1568 Bible (Bishops') Wisd. xix. 8 The drye earth appeared..; Wherethrough all the people went that were defended with thy hande.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxiv. sig. C2 Mine eyes haue drawne thy shape, and thine for me Are windowes to my brest, where-through the Sun Delights to peepe, to gaze therein on thee.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. vi. 281 The top is couered, and hath three holes, where-through they let the dead Christians fall downe.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Ulysses in Poems (new ed.) II. 89 All experience is an arch wherethro' Gleams that untravell'd world, whose margin fades For ever and for ever when I move.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 349 The many years Wherethrough thou waitedst.

1896 A. Morrison Child of Jago v A hole where-through a very small boy might squeeze.

2. In reference to agency or instrumentality (through prep. 12): By means of which, whereby, wherewith. Now rare or Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [adverb] > by which means or by means of which

wheremidc1160

wherebyc1200

wherethorough?c1225

wherewithc1230

wherewith1297

witha1300

wherethrough13..

whereof1340

withal1389

how1390

wherewithal1578

wherewithal1618

13.. Northern Passion I. 25/222 It es my fless þat I ȝow gif, Whar thurgh ȝe may þe better lif.

13.. Gosp. Nicodemus (Galba) 284 We say a spirit enclosed he has, wharthurth all thinges he wate.

1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. 128 Force of Powere, wher-throgh he may his reme kepe, mayntene, and defende.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xiii. xviii. 638 Whanne shalle the holy vessel come by me where thurgh I shalle be blessid.

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1868/2 A great tempest..wherethrough sixe houses in that towne were borne downe.

1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity xiii. §2. 446 That..Spiritual Body of Christ; whereby, and wherethrough, he communicateth Life to Men.

3. In reference to reason or cause: By reason of which, on account of which, wherefore; in consequence of which, from which, whereby, whence (as result or inference); rarely referring to a person = by whom: cf. through prep. 13. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > cause or reason > [adverb] > on account of which or wherefore

wherethroughc1220

wherethorough?c1225

whereforec1230

forwhyc1275

whereofa1325

whereup1340

wherebyc1380

whereonc1420

whereuponc1485

on account1817

(on) account of1928

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [adverb] > by which means or by means of which > by means of which person

wherethrough1870

c1220 Bestiary 779 in Old Eng. Misc. 25 Amonges men a swete smel He let her of his holi spel, Wor-ðurȝ we muȝen folȝen him In-to his godcundnesse fin.

a1225 Leg. Kath. 236 Ne nis na þing hwerþurh monnes muchele madschipe wreððeð him wið mare.

c1300 Beket 839 Whar thurf me thingth that of nothing thu ne schalt ansuere noȝt.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vii. 89 Quhar-throu in yngland vyth the kyng He had rycht gret price and lovyng.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 170 Schyr Ihon the Balleoll..Assentyt till him, in all his will; Quhar-throuch fell efter mekill ill.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 156 For lawchtir neir I brist. Quhairthrow I walknit of my trance.

a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 27 This was done without the chancellaris counsall quhair throw he was hichlie offendit.

1638 J. Penkethman Artachthos sig. Iiij There could be none found for money, where-through many poore people were constrained to eat Barks of Trees.

1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose ii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 184 Your Spaniard..is a person altogether unparalleled in his own conceit, wherethrough he maketh not fit account of such foreign cavaliers of valour as are pleased to take service with him.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 7 Folk cried the name Of him wherethrough the weary struggle came.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1923; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	wherethrough
释义	wherethroughadv. /hwɛːˈθruː/ Etymology: < where adv., conj., and n. Compounds 2 + through prep. and adv. Compare Dutch waardoor, German wodurch. Now formal or archaic. Through which (in various senses of through prep. and adv.). 1. In reference to movement or direction in space, etc., or to duration in time (through prep. 1 – 8). ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > [adverb] > through which wherethorough?c1225 wherethrough1297 the world > space > direction > specific directions > [adverb] > in the direction of thickness > through thickness throughoutOE wherethorough?c1225 wherethrough1297 thorougha1387 thoroughlya1500 throughly1541 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 170 Veire weies..ȝwar þorȝ me mai wende Fram þe on ende of engelond vorþ to þe oþer ende. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) viii. 30 Him behoues passe by þe Reed See..whare thurgh þe childer of Israel went drye fote. 1568 Bible (Bishops') Wisd. xix. 8 The drye earth appeared..; Wherethrough all the people went that were defended with thy hande. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxiv. sig. C2 Mine eyes haue drawne thy shape, and thine for me Are windowes to my brest, where-through the Sun Delights to peepe, to gaze therein on thee. View more context for this quotation 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. vi. 281 The top is couered, and hath three holes, where-through they let the dead Christians fall downe. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Ulysses in Poems (new ed.) II. 89 All experience is an arch wherethro' Gleams that untravell'd world, whose margin fades For ever and for ever when I move. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 349 The many years Wherethrough thou waitedst. 1896 A. Morrison Child of Jago v A hole where-through a very small boy might squeeze. 2. In reference to agency or instrumentality (through prep. 12): By means of which, whereby, wherewith. Now rare or Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [adverb] > by which means or by means of which wheremidc1160 wherebyc1200 wherethorough?c1225 wherewithc1230 wherewith1297 witha1300 wherethrough13.. whereof1340 withal1389 how1390 wherewithal1578 wherewithal1618 13.. Northern Passion I. 25/222 It es my fless þat I ȝow gif, Whar thurgh ȝe may þe better lif. 13.. Gosp. Nicodemus (Galba) 284 We say a spirit enclosed he has, wharthurth all thinges he wate. 1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. 128 Force of Powere, wher-throgh he may his reme kepe, mayntene, and defende. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xiii. xviii. 638 Whanne shalle the holy vessel come by me where thurgh I shalle be blessid. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1868/2 A great tempest..wherethrough sixe houses in that towne were borne downe. 1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity xiii. §2. 446 That..Spiritual Body of Christ; whereby, and wherethrough, he communicateth Life to Men. 3. In reference to reason or cause: By reason of which, on account of which, wherefore; in consequence of which, from which, whereby, whence (as result or inference); rarely referring to a person = by whom: cf. through prep. 13. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > cause or reason > [adverb] > on account of which or wherefore wherethroughc1220 wherethorough?c1225 whereforec1230 forwhyc1275 whereofa1325 whereup1340 wherebyc1380 whereonc1420 whereuponc1485 on account1817 (on) account of1928 the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [adverb] > by which means or by means of which > by means of which person wherethrough1870 c1220 Bestiary 779 in Old Eng. Misc. 25 Amonges men a swete smel He let her of his holi spel, Wor-ðurȝ we muȝen folȝen him In-to his godcundnesse fin. a1225 Leg. Kath. 236 Ne nis na þing hwerþurh monnes muchele madschipe wreððeð him wið mare. c1300 Beket 839 Whar thurf me thingth that of nothing thu ne schalt ansuere noȝt. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vii. 89 Quhar-throu in yngland vyth the kyng He had rycht gret price and lovyng. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 170 Schyr Ihon the Balleoll..Assentyt till him, in all his will; Quhar-throuch fell efter mekill ill. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 156 For lawchtir neir I brist. Quhairthrow I walknit of my trance. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 27 This was done without the chancellaris counsall quhair throw he was hichlie offendit. 1638 J. Penkethman Artachthos sig. Iiij There could be none found for money, where-through many poore people were constrained to eat Barks of Trees. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose ii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 184 Your Spaniard..is a person altogether unparalleled in his own conceit, wherethrough he maketh not fit account of such foreign cavaliers of valour as are pleased to take service with him. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 7 Folk cried the name Of him wherethrough the weary struggle came. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1923; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < adv.c1220
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