weedingn.

Brit.

/ˈwiːdɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈwidɪŋ/

Forms: see weed v. and -ing suffix¹; also 1600s weddinge.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: weed v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < weed v. + -ing suffix¹.

(a) The process of clearing land, a crop, etc., of weeds; the action of pulling up or otherwise removing weeds. Also: an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control

weedingOE

louking1491

weeding out1558

averruncation1656

runcation1664

thistling1766

weeding process1834

weed control1908

weed digging1950

OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 45 Runcatio, weodung.

a1425 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 143) (1978) C. viii. l. 186 (MED) They..wenten as werkemen to wedynge [c1400 Huntington HM 137 weden, a1425 London Univ. wedyng] and to mowynge.

1469 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 102 For wedyng in the whete, iij s. j d.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xiii^v But as for terre there wyll noo wedinge serue.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xiii After a shoure of rayne it is best weding.

1583 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 10 John Hewode for the dresing, wyedinge and kypinge of the gardenes..foure and tynty shillynges.

1641 J. Milton Animadversions 52 The weeding and worming of every bed both in that, and all other Gardens thereabout.

1647 T. Bedford Exam. Chief Points Antinomianism 77 The weeding of the Garden doth not make the seeds to grow, yet in removing impediments, and making room, it doth accidently prosper their growth.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 126 The common price of weeding of it [sc. woad] is about eight pence an Acre.

1739 J. Bartram Let. 1 Apr. in Corr. (1992) 116 Thay [sc. clovers] will..produce as large A crop a year with onely one dunging as ye other will with howing weeding & dung.

1832 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. (ed. 2) 317 When draining is properly attended to, there will be little occasion for weeding.

1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands iv. xx. 478 Weeding is commonly done by hand with a small weeder.

1921 Times Lit. Suppl. 8 Sept. 574/3 The subsequent weeding of the young crop [of teak] until it can hold its own against the rapid growth of weeds and useless trees.

1938 Jrnl. Madras Geogr. Assoc. 13 272 All that the ‘Kumridar’ had to do was a little weeding and protection of the crop from wild animals.

2008 Times Mag. 18 Feb. 93/2 To make weeding easy, lay a water-permeable textile over the soil first.

(b) concrete. In plural. Weeds removed in this process.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control > that which is weeded out

weedinga1715

weeding1798

1798 P. J. Laborie Coffee Planter of St. Domingo iii. 118 Take the weedings out of the field, both for greater cleanliness, and that they may rot for manure in a remote place.

1843 Caledonian Mercury 4 Mar. A report of Experiments with certain substances as manure... The principal substances were, Martin's mixture, grass weedings, guano, cocoa-nut dust, carbonised saw-dust, exhausted cow-droppings, and wet wasted straw.

1873 Independent Statesman (Concord, New Hampsh.) 27 Feb. 170/6 The best success..was by applying..weedings from the garden, clippings of the vine, with other vegetable refuse, as a mulch.

1905 Country Life in Amer. Mar. 498/2 The weedings from the beds could be stuffed in the chinks, to prevent a draught on the seedlings.

1971 V. S. Naipaul In Free State (1973) 205 All over the valley..there were little smoking bonfires of damp weedings.

2017 Tampa Bay (Florida) Times (Nexis) 8 Jan. (City Times ed.) 7 You can also use the pruning, weedings and other waste from your landscape as mulch.

†b. concrete. Weeds collectively. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > valued plants and weeds > [noun] > weed > collectively

weedOE

weeding1598

savagerya1616

weedery1642

roguery1763

weedage1853

weed growth1923

weed1934

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost i. i. 96 He weedes the corne, & still lets grow the weeding .

a. The action or process of clearing away plants or trees other than weeds; esp. the removal of individual plants or trees from a group so as to thin it out and avoid overcrowding.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > [noun] > thinning out

weeding1544

sizing1660

thinning1772

suckering1819

singling1844

1544 Act 35 Henry VIII c. 17 §4 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 978 Persons..w^ch have..woodes or coppies..shall at the fellinge or wedinge thereof leave standinge..twelve trees of Oke.

1776 Ld. Kames Gentleman Farmer i. x. 228 In a planted field..the trees grow all equally; and if weeding be neglected, they grow up like spindles without a lateral branch.

1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 254 At a second weeding, when it appears necessary, another third of the original number may be cut down.

1809 Farmer's Mag. Dec. 479 All plantations ought to be continually undergoing weedings, and thinnings, and prunings, to prevent the branches of any tree from touching or overhanging those of another.

1847 Simmonds' Col. Mag. Mar. 295 Plant-canes require at least four weedings and trashings before they are fit to shift for themselves.

1907 Indian Forester 33 428 Those parts of the forests of the Jalpaiguri Division, which have for three or four years been subjected to annual weedings.

1996 Weed Technol. 10 423/1 Managers can use widely-spaced plantings, thinning, weeding, fertilizing, and longer rotations to increase the size of trees.

b. concrete. In plural. Plants or trees removed in this process. Now somewhat rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control > that which is weeded out

weedinga1715

weeding1798

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1734) II. 274 They charged him [sc. Ld. Halifax] for another Grant..to the waste of the Timber... [He replied] His Grant in the Forest of Dean was only of the Weedings.

1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 255 Ditto number of weedings, taken out before 20 years, and valued at one half-penny each.

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1098 To erect a pyramid of 3 small trees or weedings of larch or Scots fir.

1967 M. L. Anderson & C. J. Taylor Hist. Sc. Forestry II. i. 245 Thinnings of ash were offered in 1797 at Culross; weedings of planted fir in 1790 at Aberdour.

1974 Pulp & Paper Mar. 118/1 There is an intense interest in pine smallwood available from plantations and the ‘weedings’ of over-stocked, young natural stands of pine.

3. figurative.

a. The action or process of eradicating errors, flaws, vices, etc., or of removing harmful or undesirable persons or things; the removal or exclusion of individuals regarded as inferior, superfluous, or unfit for purpose from a group. Also: an instance of this. Cf. weeding out n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [noun] > clearing or sweeping away > riddance > of selected undesirable things or persons

weeding out1558

weeder out1559

weeding1589

weed-out1873

1589 tr. Restorer of French Estate vii. 166 Fauour no more, with hazard to be ioinct persecutors, them that trouble the Church and this Realme, for no cause but their appetites, reuenges, and ambition, and not for weeding of the Church, as they pretend, and yet that is not permitted them.

1682 H. Maurice Vindic. Primitive Church Pref. sig. A3 This Weeding of Church-History for the Faults of Bishops, is not to write, or abridge History, but to draw up an Indictment.

a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) VII. iii. 52 The most concerning part of a Christian's duty, is the mortification of his sin. For it is as it were a man's weeding of his heart, he shall find it a growing evil.

1739 H. Brooke Gustavus Vasa ii. iv. 19 Mess. A secret Malady, my gracious Liege,..rages now within the Heart of Denmark. Crist. It must not, cannot, 'tis impossible! What, my own Danes? Nay, then the World wants Weeding.

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. ii. i. 160 The accession of Mr. Canning to the cabinet..soon led to a further weeding of the Mediocrities.

1852 R. S. Surtees Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour xi. lx. 342 It seemed agreed on all hands that their party rather wanted weeding than increasing.

1954 H. M. Kallen Secularism is Will of God xxviii. 192 The priestly cure of souls is a craft directed far less to the cultivation of virtue than the weeding of vice and sin.

2006 Telegram & Gaz. (Worcester, Mass.) (Nexis) 12 Oct. b1 Ms. Smith said the preliminary screening constituted the first weeding of candidates into a small subgroup.

b. spec. The removal or exclusion of books, documents, etc., regarded as superfluous or not worth retaining from a library, file, collection of papers, etc.; (also, in governmental or official contexts) the removal or withholding of sensitive or potentially damaging material from an archive, set of papers for publication, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > [noun] > selecting from a number or for a purpose > separating valuable part from worthless

garbling1648

weeding1853

1853 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 293 It is incomprehensible to us, how any large library in France should not, without diligent weeding, find itself constantly increased by volumes coming from some public institution.

1868 N. Amer. Rev. Oct. 589 In one case, and in one case only, could this weeding [of a library's collection] be properly made.

1869 Jrnl. Social Sci. 3 110 It is easy to stigmatize as ‘trash’ the greater mass of the books with which our libraries are crowded. It is easy to find self-constituted censors, who would undertake the ‘weeding’ of them with alacrity.

1939 O. P. Palmer & W. Fernand tr. T. Manteuffel in Amer. Archivist 2 207 Today..the weeding of files is becoming the main subject of discussions and consultations not only among archival authorities but also in administrative offices.

1977 Times 31 Aug. 4/1 Valuable material may have been destroyed during ‘weeding’.

2001 Victorian Nov. 11/1 We need help archiving our casework files. This involves weeding to reduce their bulk before they are transferred to the London Metropolitan Archives.

4. Criminals' slang. The action or practice of stealing or embezzling a small amount from a quantity of money, goods, etc. Later also more generally: stealing. Cf. weed v. 6. Now rare.Recorded earliest in weeding dues n. at Compounds 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > [noun]

micherya1393

mitchinga1393

picking1402

purloining1417

pilferc1425

pickery1460

pilfering1548

filching1567

lurching1570

pilfery1573

petty larceny1578

filching-tradea1592

prigging1591

filchery1607

nimming1607

sneaking-budge1699

pilferage1732

cabbaging1774

weeding1819

pilferment1823

crib1855

filch1877

souveniring1919

1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) Speaking of any person, place, or property, that has been weeded, it is said weeding dues have been concerned.

1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 51/1 He would get his ‘whack’ of the ‘poke’, that is, after it had undergone the usual disembowelling process, called in the ‘cross’ vernacular, ‘weeding’.

1884 A. Pinkerton Thirty Years a Detective 169 ‘Weeding’ consists in extracting all the large bills from the wallet, and substituting small ones..so that the bulk will be about the same as it was before.

1906 O. C. Malvery Soul Market ii. 39 Slip round, my girl, and ‘nob’ 'em, and mind you bring it all to light, and no weeding, no poling, mind yer, for if yer do, I'm bound to bowl yer.

1930 ‘G. Ingram’ & D. Mackenzie Hell's Kitchen xvii. 160 A good deal of ‘weeding’ (stealing of small articles) is practised by the inhabitants of this district.

1950 H. E. Goldin Dict. Amer. Underworld Lingo 235/2 Weeding, petty thievery, as distinguished from organized racketeering.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as weeding process, weeding season, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control > weeding time

weeding season1697

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control

weedingOE

louking1491

weeding out1558

averruncation1656

runcation1664

thistling1766

weeding process1834

weed control1908

weed digging1950

?c1540 Fitzherbert's Bk. Husbandry (new ed.) f. 16 The whiche shal be great hurte to the corne, whan it shall be sowen, and specially in the weding tyme.

1697 T. Tresilian Tinners Greivances 7 The poor Miners wages being fallen from thirty, to fourteen, or fifteen Shillings a month... The Wife, nor Girls getting very little, or nothing, (Except in weeding Season or Harvest).

a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 385 The latter end of the weeding-season.

1834 D. Low Elements Pract. Agric. vii. iii. 328 It is well that the weeding process be not too long delayed.

1894 Christian Work 12 July 63/1 In the moral and spiritual spheres there must be weeding work.

1912 G. V. Lindner Newspaper Libr. Man. iii. 15 It is..safer to provide ample space for increasing portrait and picture collections rather than attempt some regular weeding method which might seriously impair their value.

1987 D. F. Wallace Broom of Syst. xii. 260/1 She can weed out the more obviously pathetic or inappropriate submissions, and save me valuable weeding-time.

2013 Irish Farmers Jrnl. 6 Apr. 54/2 Austrian company Einbock has developed a new rotary weeding machine to offer chemical free weeding techniques for cereal crops grown in a no-till tillage system.

C2. attributive.

a. Designating a tool or implement used to cut away, dig out, or otherwise remove weeds, as weeding hoe, weeding knife, etc.See also weeding hook n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > weeding tools

weed hookeOE

weeding hook1378

weedera1425

brier-crook1483

tongs?1523

weeding knife1598

broom-hook1660

weeder knifea1796

shovel-plough1801

extirpator1807

shovel-cultivator1869

thistle-digger1877

thistle-spud1896

thistle-cutter1901

flamethrower1915

flame gun1931

weed cutter2000

society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > knife > [noun] > other knives

bollock knifec1400

paring knife1415

spudc1440

pricking-knifec1500

shaving-knife1530–1

by-knifec1570

heading knife1574

stock knife1582

drawing knife1583

bung-knife1592

weeding knife1598

drawing knife1610

heading knife1615

draw knife1679

dressing knife1683

redishing knife1688

mocotaugan1716

skinning knife1767

paper knife1789

draw shave1824

leaf-cutter1828

piece-knife1833

nut-pick1851

relic knife1854

butch1859

straw-knife1862

sportsman's companion1863

ulu1864

skinner1872

hacker1875

over-shave1875

stripping-knife1875

Stanley knife1878

flat-back1888

gauge-knife1888

tine-knife1888

plough1899

band-knife1926

X-Acto1943

shank1953

box cutter1955

ratchet knife1966

ratchet1975

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > mattock, hoe, or hack > hoe > other types of hoe

pecker1588

weeding hoe1619

griffaun1780

breast hoe1787

draw hoe1822

hazel hoe1835

jembe1860

Canterbury hoea1887

Swoe1954

weeder hoe1978

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > fork > other forks

crotch1573

shock fork1856

weeding1921

1400 Manorial Documents in Mod. Philol. (1936) 34 56 (MED) Wedingyrnis.

a1555 J. Bradford in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 462 Yf god..perchaunce beginne..to poure hys showers vpon you: to nippe you with his weeding tonges, &c.

1598 F. Meres tr. Luis de Granada Sinners Guyde ii. xiv. 451 The seruant of the Lord alwayes to walke in thys Garden with his weeding-knife in his hande, with which he may cutte vp and eradicate the superfluous and pernicious plants.

1619 in S. M. Kingsbury Rec. Virginia Company (1933) III. 186 31. weedinge howes at .14d and .15. holinge howes at .12d.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 392/2 In the Base is..a Gardiners Weeding Dog. It is made with a Taper Fork, and a Cross bar of Iron, some six or eight Inches above, [etc.].

1752 Earl of Orrery Remarks Swift (ed. 2) xxi. 183 The scythe of time, or the weeding-knife of a judicious editor, will cut down the docks and thistles.

1819 A. Rees Cycl. XXXVIII Weeding-Shim, an implement..made with a frame somewhat like that of the common wheelbarrow... It is a very useful and convenient tool for the purpose of tearing up weeds.

1841 Gardener's Chron. 5 June 366/1 A correspondent..recommends the accompanying weeding prong, as being a most useful instrument.

1893 Clark County (Indiana) Record 29 July Narrow hand hoes or the tomahawk or arrow head hoes may do good service, but they cannot compete with a long handled weeding chisel in the hands of a vigorous gardener.

1921 Blackwood's Mag. June 769/2 I was summoned into the house..and leaving my weeding-fork and basket, was absent..perhaps an hour.

1995 P. Marx On Way to Venus de Milo ix. 143 Adair was sitting on the stone wall, an enormous pair of weeding shears in his hands.

2005 Gardenlife Oct. (Hands On Suppl.) 2/4 Use a fork or weeding tool for weeds with long tap roots like thistles or dandelions.

b. Designating a person or group employed to clear land, a crop, etc., of weeds, as weeding gang, weeding woman, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control > weeder

weedera1398

louker14..

weeding woman1710

weed inspector1884

weeding gang1921

1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 221 He gave me positive Orders to turn off an old Weeding-Woman.

1857 Titan Aug. 157/1 She lectured the little weeding-boy for having failed to make sufficient progress in his education during the three weeks he could not weed in consequence of the rain.

1921 Illustr. Canad. Forestry Mag. May 275 (caption) A weeding gang drawn up to undergo the annual experience of having their photographs taken, before they start out to clear the weeds between the trees.

2004 Times 22 May (Weekend Review section) 11/1 Head gardeners, under-gardeners, weeding women and apprentices were needed by the dozen to clip hedges, rake paths, plant out and water the annuals, cut the crisp turf steps.

C3.

† weeding dues n. slang Obsolete rare a portion of money taken from a person or place, viewed euphemistically as money owed or a voluntary payment; cf. sense 4.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > property acquired by theft or fraud

picking1749

plunder1790

weeding dues1819

loot1839

take1888

knock-off1963

1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) Speaking of any person, place, or property, that has been weeded, it is said weeding dues have been concerned.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	weeding
释义	weedingn. Brit. /ˈwiːdɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈwidɪŋ/ Forms: see weed v. and -ing suffix¹; also 1600s weddinge. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: weed v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < weed v. + -ing suffix¹. 1. a. (a) The process of clearing land, a crop, etc., of weeds; the action of pulling up or otherwise removing weeds. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control weedingOE louking1491 weeding out1558 averruncation1656 runcation1664 thistling1766 weeding process1834 weed control1908 weed digging1950 OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 45 Runcatio, weodung. a1425 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 143) (1978) C. viii. l. 186 (MED) They..wenten as werkemen to wedynge [c1400 Huntington HM 137 weden, a1425 London Univ. wedyng] and to mowynge. 1469 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 102 For wedyng in the whete, iij s. j d. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xiii^v But as for terre there wyll noo wedinge serue. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xiii After a shoure of rayne it is best weding. 1583 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 10 John Hewode for the dresing, wyedinge and kypinge of the gardenes..foure and tynty shillynges. 1641 J. Milton Animadversions 52 The weeding and worming of every bed both in that, and all other Gardens thereabout. 1647 T. Bedford Exam. Chief Points Antinomianism 77 The weeding of the Garden doth not make the seeds to grow, yet in removing impediments, and making room, it doth accidently prosper their growth. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 126 The common price of weeding of it [sc. woad] is about eight pence an Acre. 1739 J. Bartram Let. 1 Apr. in Corr. (1992) 116 Thay [sc. clovers] will..produce as large A crop a year with onely one dunging as ye other will with howing weeding & dung. 1832 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. (ed. 2) 317 When draining is properly attended to, there will be little occasion for weeding. 1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands iv. xx. 478 Weeding is commonly done by hand with a small weeder. 1921 Times Lit. Suppl. 8 Sept. 574/3 The subsequent weeding of the young crop [of teak] until it can hold its own against the rapid growth of weeds and useless trees. 1938 Jrnl. Madras Geogr. Assoc. 13 272 All that the ‘Kumridar’ had to do was a little weeding and protection of the crop from wild animals. 2008 Times Mag. 18 Feb. 93/2 To make weeding easy, lay a water-permeable textile over the soil first. (b) concrete. In plural. Weeds removed in this process. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control > that which is weeded out weedinga1715 weeding1798 1798 P. J. Laborie Coffee Planter of St. Domingo iii. 118 Take the weedings out of the field, both for greater cleanliness, and that they may rot for manure in a remote place. 1843 Caledonian Mercury 4 Mar. A report of Experiments with certain substances as manure... The principal substances were, Martin's mixture, grass weedings, guano, cocoa-nut dust, carbonised saw-dust, exhausted cow-droppings, and wet wasted straw. 1873 Independent Statesman (Concord, New Hampsh.) 27 Feb. 170/6 The best success..was by applying..weedings from the garden, clippings of the vine, with other vegetable refuse, as a mulch. 1905 Country Life in Amer. Mar. 498/2 The weedings from the beds could be stuffed in the chinks, to prevent a draught on the seedlings. 1971 V. S. Naipaul In Free State (1973) 205 All over the valley..there were little smoking bonfires of damp weedings. 2017 Tampa Bay (Florida) Times (Nexis) 8 Jan. (City Times ed.) 7 You can also use the pruning, weedings and other waste from your landscape as mulch. †b. concrete. Weeds collectively. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > valued plants and weeds > [noun] > weed > collectively weedOE weeding1598 savagerya1616 weedery1642 roguery1763 weedage1853 weed growth1923 weed1934 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost i. i. 96 He weedes the corne, & still lets grow the weeding . View more context for this quotation 2. a. The action or process of clearing away plants or trees other than weeds; esp. the removal of individual plants or trees from a group so as to thin it out and avoid overcrowding. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > [noun] > thinning out weeding1544 sizing1660 thinning1772 suckering1819 singling1844 1544 Act 35 Henry VIII c. 17 §4 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 978 Persons..w^ch have..woodes or coppies..shall at the fellinge or wedinge thereof leave standinge..twelve trees of Oke. 1776 Ld. Kames Gentleman Farmer i. x. 228 In a planted field..the trees grow all equally; and if weeding be neglected, they grow up like spindles without a lateral branch. 1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 254 At a second weeding, when it appears necessary, another third of the original number may be cut down. 1809 Farmer's Mag. Dec. 479 All plantations ought to be continually undergoing weedings, and thinnings, and prunings, to prevent the branches of any tree from touching or overhanging those of another. 1847 Simmonds' Col. Mag. Mar. 295 Plant-canes require at least four weedings and trashings before they are fit to shift for themselves. 1907 Indian Forester 33 428 Those parts of the forests of the Jalpaiguri Division, which have for three or four years been subjected to annual weedings. 1996 Weed Technol. 10 423/1 Managers can use widely-spaced plantings, thinning, weeding, fertilizing, and longer rotations to increase the size of trees. b. concrete. In plural. Plants or trees removed in this process. Now somewhat rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control > that which is weeded out weedinga1715 weeding1798 a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1734) II. 274 They charged him [sc. Ld. Halifax] for another Grant..to the waste of the Timber... [He replied] His Grant in the Forest of Dean was only of the Weedings. 1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 255 Ditto number of weedings, taken out before 20 years, and valued at one half-penny each. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1098 To erect a pyramid of 3 small trees or weedings of larch or Scots fir. 1967 M. L. Anderson & C. J. Taylor Hist. Sc. Forestry II. i. 245 Thinnings of ash were offered in 1797 at Culross; weedings of planted fir in 1790 at Aberdour. 1974 Pulp & Paper Mar. 118/1 There is an intense interest in pine smallwood available from plantations and the ‘weedings’ of over-stocked, young natural stands of pine. 3. figurative. a. The action or process of eradicating errors, flaws, vices, etc., or of removing harmful or undesirable persons or things; the removal or exclusion of individuals regarded as inferior, superfluous, or unfit for purpose from a group. Also: an instance of this. Cf. weeding out n. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [noun] > clearing or sweeping away > riddance > of selected undesirable things or persons weeding out1558 weeder out1559 weeding1589 weed-out1873 1589 tr. Restorer of French Estate vii. 166 Fauour no more, with hazard to be ioinct persecutors, them that trouble the Church and this Realme, for no cause but their appetites, reuenges, and ambition, and not for weeding of the Church, as they pretend, and yet that is not permitted them. 1682 H. Maurice Vindic. Primitive Church Pref. sig. A3 This Weeding of Church-History for the Faults of Bishops, is not to write, or abridge History, but to draw up an Indictment. a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) VII. iii. 52 The most concerning part of a Christian's duty, is the mortification of his sin. For it is as it were a man's weeding of his heart, he shall find it a growing evil. 1739 H. Brooke Gustavus Vasa ii. iv. 19 Mess. A secret Malady, my gracious Liege,..rages now within the Heart of Denmark. Crist. It must not, cannot, 'tis impossible! What, my own Danes? Nay, then the World wants Weeding. 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. ii. i. 160 The accession of Mr. Canning to the cabinet..soon led to a further weeding of the Mediocrities. 1852 R. S. Surtees Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour xi. lx. 342 It seemed agreed on all hands that their party rather wanted weeding than increasing. 1954 H. M. Kallen Secularism is Will of God xxviii. 192 The priestly cure of souls is a craft directed far less to the cultivation of virtue than the weeding of vice and sin. 2006 Telegram & Gaz. (Worcester, Mass.) (Nexis) 12 Oct. b1 Ms. Smith said the preliminary screening constituted the first weeding of candidates into a small subgroup. b. spec. The removal or exclusion of books, documents, etc., regarded as superfluous or not worth retaining from a library, file, collection of papers, etc.; (also, in governmental or official contexts) the removal or withholding of sensitive or potentially damaging material from an archive, set of papers for publication, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > [noun] > selecting from a number or for a purpose > separating valuable part from worthless garbling1648 weeding1853 1853 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 293 It is incomprehensible to us, how any large library in France should not, without diligent weeding, find itself constantly increased by volumes coming from some public institution. 1868 N. Amer. Rev. Oct. 589 In one case, and in one case only, could this weeding [of a library's collection] be properly made. 1869 Jrnl. Social Sci. 3 110 It is easy to stigmatize as ‘trash’ the greater mass of the books with which our libraries are crowded. It is easy to find self-constituted censors, who would undertake the ‘weeding’ of them with alacrity. 1939 O. P. Palmer & W. Fernand tr. T. Manteuffel in Amer. Archivist 2 207 Today..the weeding of files is becoming the main subject of discussions and consultations not only among archival authorities but also in administrative offices. 1977 Times 31 Aug. 4/1 Valuable material may have been destroyed during ‘weeding’. 2001 Victorian Nov. 11/1 We need help archiving our casework files. This involves weeding to reduce their bulk before they are transferred to the London Metropolitan Archives. 4. Criminals' slang. The action or practice of stealing or embezzling a small amount from a quantity of money, goods, etc. Later also more generally: stealing. Cf. weed v. 6. Now rare.Recorded earliest in weeding dues n. at Compounds 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > [noun] micherya1393 mitchinga1393 picking1402 purloining1417 pilferc1425 pickery1460 pilfering1548 filching1567 lurching1570 pilfery1573 petty larceny1578 filching-tradea1592 prigging1591 filchery1607 nimming1607 sneaking-budge1699 pilferage1732 cabbaging1774 weeding1819 pilferment1823 crib1855 filch1877 souveniring1919 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) Speaking of any person, place, or property, that has been weeded, it is said weeding dues have been concerned. 1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 51/1 He would get his ‘whack’ of the ‘poke’, that is, after it had undergone the usual disembowelling process, called in the ‘cross’ vernacular, ‘weeding’. 1884 A. Pinkerton Thirty Years a Detective 169 ‘Weeding’ consists in extracting all the large bills from the wallet, and substituting small ones..so that the bulk will be about the same as it was before. 1906 O. C. Malvery Soul Market ii. 39 Slip round, my girl, and ‘nob’ 'em, and mind you bring it all to light, and no weeding, no poling, mind yer, for if yer do, I'm bound to bowl yer. 1930 ‘G. Ingram’ & D. Mackenzie Hell's Kitchen xvii. 160 A good deal of ‘weeding’ (stealing of small articles) is practised by the inhabitants of this district. 1950 H. E. Goldin Dict. Amer. Underworld Lingo 235/2 Weeding, petty thievery, as distinguished from organized racketeering. Compounds C1. General attributive, as weeding process, weeding season, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control > weeding time weeding season1697 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control weedingOE louking1491 weeding out1558 averruncation1656 runcation1664 thistling1766 weeding process1834 weed control1908 weed digging1950 ?c1540 Fitzherbert's Bk. Husbandry (new ed.) f. 16 The whiche shal be great hurte to the corne, whan it shall be sowen, and specially in the weding tyme. 1697 T. Tresilian Tinners Greivances 7 The poor Miners wages being fallen from thirty, to fourteen, or fifteen Shillings a month... The Wife, nor Girls getting very little, or nothing, (Except in weeding Season or Harvest). a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 385 The latter end of the weeding-season. 1834 D. Low Elements Pract. Agric. vii. iii. 328 It is well that the weeding process be not too long delayed. 1894 Christian Work 12 July 63/1 In the moral and spiritual spheres there must be weeding work. 1912 G. V. Lindner Newspaper Libr. Man. iii. 15 It is..safer to provide ample space for increasing portrait and picture collections rather than attempt some regular weeding method which might seriously impair their value. 1987 D. F. Wallace Broom of Syst. xii. 260/1 She can weed out the more obviously pathetic or inappropriate submissions, and save me valuable weeding-time. 2013 Irish Farmers Jrnl. 6 Apr. 54/2 Austrian company Einbock has developed a new rotary weeding machine to offer chemical free weeding techniques for cereal crops grown in a no-till tillage system. C2. attributive. a. Designating a tool or implement used to cut away, dig out, or otherwise remove weeds, as weeding hoe, weeding knife, etc.See also weeding hook n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > weeding tools weed hookeOE weeding hook1378 weedera1425 brier-crook1483 tongs?1523 weeding knife1598 broom-hook1660 weeder knifea1796 shovel-plough1801 extirpator1807 shovel-cultivator1869 thistle-digger1877 thistle-spud1896 thistle-cutter1901 flamethrower1915 flame gun1931 weed cutter2000 society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > knife > [noun] > other knives bollock knifec1400 paring knife1415 spudc1440 pricking-knifec1500 shaving-knife1530–1 by-knifec1570 heading knife1574 stock knife1582 drawing knife1583 bung-knife1592 weeding knife1598 drawing knife1610 heading knife1615 draw knife1679 dressing knife1683 redishing knife1688 mocotaugan1716 skinning knife1767 paper knife1789 draw shave1824 leaf-cutter1828 piece-knife1833 nut-pick1851 relic knife1854 butch1859 straw-knife1862 sportsman's companion1863 ulu1864 skinner1872 hacker1875 over-shave1875 stripping-knife1875 Stanley knife1878 flat-back1888 gauge-knife1888 tine-knife1888 plough1899 band-knife1926 X-Acto1943 shank1953 box cutter1955 ratchet knife1966 ratchet1975 the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > mattock, hoe, or hack > hoe > other types of hoe pecker1588 weeding hoe1619 griffaun1780 breast hoe1787 draw hoe1822 hazel hoe1835 jembe1860 Canterbury hoea1887 Swoe1954 weeder hoe1978 the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > fork > other forks crotch1573 shock fork1856 weeding1921 1400 Manorial Documents in Mod. Philol. (1936) 34 56 (MED) Wedingyrnis. a1555 J. Bradford in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 462 Yf god..perchaunce beginne..to poure hys showers vpon you: to nippe you with his weeding tonges, &c. 1598 F. Meres tr. Luis de Granada Sinners Guyde ii. xiv. 451 The seruant of the Lord alwayes to walke in thys Garden with his weeding-knife in his hande, with which he may cutte vp and eradicate the superfluous and pernicious plants. 1619 in S. M. Kingsbury Rec. Virginia Company (1933) III. 186 31. weedinge howes at .14d and .15. holinge howes at .12d. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 392/2 In the Base is..a Gardiners Weeding Dog. It is made with a Taper Fork, and a Cross bar of Iron, some six or eight Inches above, [etc.]. 1752 Earl of Orrery Remarks Swift (ed. 2) xxi. 183 The scythe of time, or the weeding-knife of a judicious editor, will cut down the docks and thistles. 1819 A. Rees Cycl. XXXVIII Weeding-Shim, an implement..made with a frame somewhat like that of the common wheelbarrow... It is a very useful and convenient tool for the purpose of tearing up weeds. 1841 Gardener's Chron. 5 June 366/1 A correspondent..recommends the accompanying weeding prong, as being a most useful instrument. 1893 Clark County (Indiana) Record 29 July Narrow hand hoes or the tomahawk or arrow head hoes may do good service, but they cannot compete with a long handled weeding chisel in the hands of a vigorous gardener. 1921 Blackwood's Mag. June 769/2 I was summoned into the house..and leaving my weeding-fork and basket, was absent..perhaps an hour. 1995 P. Marx On Way to Venus de Milo ix. 143 Adair was sitting on the stone wall, an enormous pair of weeding shears in his hands. 2005 Gardenlife Oct. (Hands On Suppl.) 2/4 Use a fork or weeding tool for weeds with long tap roots like thistles or dandelions. b. Designating a person or group employed to clear land, a crop, etc., of weeds, as weeding gang, weeding woman, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > weeding or weed control > weeder weedera1398 louker14.. weeding woman1710 weed inspector1884 weeding gang1921 1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 221 He gave me positive Orders to turn off an old Weeding-Woman. 1857 Titan Aug. 157/1 She lectured the little weeding-boy for having failed to make sufficient progress in his education during the three weeks he could not weed in consequence of the rain. 1921 Illustr. Canad. Forestry Mag. May 275 (caption) A weeding gang drawn up to undergo the annual experience of having their photographs taken, before they start out to clear the weeds between the trees. 2004 Times 22 May (Weekend Review section) 11/1 Head gardeners, under-gardeners, weeding women and apprentices were needed by the dozen to clip hedges, rake paths, plant out and water the annuals, cut the crisp turf steps. C3. † weeding dues n. slang Obsolete rare a portion of money taken from a person or place, viewed euphemistically as money owed or a voluntary payment; cf. sense 4. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > property acquired by theft or fraud picking1749 plunder1790 weeding dues1819 loot1839 take1888 knock-off1963 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) Speaking of any person, place, or property, that has been weeded, it is said weeding dues have been concerned. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.OE
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