buffoonn.

Brit.

/bəˈfuːn/, U.S.

/bəˈfun/

Forms: 1500s–1600s buffon(e, -onne, -oun, oone, bouffon, boufoon, 1600s– buffoon.

Etymology: < French buffon, bouffon, < Italian buffone buffoon, < buffa a jest, connected with buffare to puff; Tommaseo and Bellini consider the sense of ‘jest’ to be developed from that of ‘puff of wind’, applied figuratively to anything light and frivolous; others, e.g. Littré, refer it to the notion of puffing out the cheeks as a comic gesture. (In 17th cent. accented on first syllable.)

†1. A pantomime dance. Scottish. Obsolete. rare. [French ‘danser les buffons to daunce a morris’ Cotgrave]

ΚΠ

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 52 Braulis, and branglis, buffons, vitht mony vthir lycht dancis.

a. ‘A man whose profession is to make sport by low jests and antick postures’ (Johnson); a comic actor, clown; a jester, fool. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > performance of jester or comedian > [noun] > jester or comedian

jugglerc1175

foolc1300

jangler1303

fool sagec1330

ribald1340

ape-ward1362

japer1377

sage fool1377

harlotc1390

disporter?a1475

jocular?a1475

joculatora1500

jester?1518

idiot1526

scoffer1530

sporter1531

dizzardc1540

vice1552

antic1564

bauble-bearer1568

scoggin1579

buffoon1584

pleasant1595

zany1596

baladine1599

clown1600

fiddle1600

mimic1601

ape-carrier1615

mime1616

mime-man1631

merry man1648

tomfool1650

pickle-herring1656

badine1670

puddingc1675

merry-andrew1677

mimical1688

Tom Tram1688

Monaghan1689

pickled herring1711

ethologist1727

court-foola1797

Tom1817

mimer1819

fun-maker1835

funny man1839

mimester1846

comic1857

comedian1860

jokesman1882

comique1886

Joey1896

tummler1938

alternative comedian1981

Andrew-

the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > jest or pleasantry > one who jests or jokes > professional

japer1377

sage fool1377

harlotc1390

jocular?a1475

joculatora1500

jester?1518

bauble-bearer1568

buffoon1584

merry-andrew1677

court-foola1797

fun-maker1835

funny man1839

jokesman1882

1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Eiij We remaine With Iuglers, buffons, and that foolish seames.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xxxi. 50 Buffons, altogether applying their wits to Scurrillities & other ridiculous matters.

1657 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1681) 68 But how the Buffons all be outted.

1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 2 Mountebanks, Buffoons, and Merry-Andrews.

1744 R. North & M. North Life Sir D. North & Rev. J. North 62 The Bey..like other voluptuous Turks, had his Buffoons to divert him.

1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. i. 7 The stale jests of a hired buffoon.

1868 F. W. Farrar Seekers after God i. iii. 42 Greedy buffoons, who lived by making bad jokes at other people's tables.

b. Used for ‘buffoonery’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > absurdity, incongruity > [noun] > in conduct

harlotryc1384

May game1571

scogginism1593

buffianism1596

delirium1599

fooling1602

scoggery1602

buffoonism1611

nonsense1612

scurrility1614

buffoonery1621

buffooninga1672

buffoon1780

pantomime1781

zanyism1823

harlequinade1828

1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 153 Thy sabbaths will be soon Our sabbaths, closed with mummery and buffoon.

3. transferred. A low jester; ‘a man that practises indecent raillery’ (Johnson); a wag, a joker (implying contempt or disapprobation).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > jest or pleasantry > one who jests or jokes > buffoon

sporter1531

Owlglassc1560

scogginist1593

scurr1596

hobby-horse1600

zany1606

buffoona1610

jack pudding?c1635

Owl-spieglea1637

droll1645

buffian1655

drollist1668

droller1676

merry-andrew1694

grotesque1864

harlequin1883

a1610 J. Healey tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) 73 Avoid the playing of the Buffone, and procuring of others laughter.

1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) ii. v, in Wks. I. 26 Age was authoritie Against a buffon: and a man had, then, A certaine reuerence pai'd vnto his yeeres.

1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos Pref. p. xiv Buffoones rather, and abusers of the Apocalypse, than serious Interpreters of it.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 72. ⁋8 Falstaff the cheerful companion, the loud buffoon.

1840 T. B. Macaulay Ranke's Hist. in Ess. (1851) II. 147 Buffoons, dressed in copes and surplices.

4. attributive and adj. Belonging to or characteristic of a buffoon; vulgarly jocular. (Somewhat archaic)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [adjective] > humorous or jesting > vulgarly

buffoonly1607

buffoon-like1611

buffoon1631

buffoonish1672

buffooning1718

balatronic1883

lavatorial1955

1631 B. Jonson Staple of Newes v. vi. 10 in Wks. II With buffon licence, ieast At whatsoe'r is serious.

1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther i. 3 The Buffoon Ape, as Atheists use, Mimick'd all Sects.

1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) V. 68 A jumble of buffoon tales.

1765 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 2) III. iv. 125 Egbert Hemskirk Of Harlem, a buffoon painter.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 469 No mean images, buffoon stories, scurrilous invectives.

Compounds

General attributive.

C1.

buffoon-bird n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Gruiformes > [noun] > family Gruidae (cranes) > genus Anthropoides > anthropoides virgo or demoiselle

demoiselle1687

kulang1698

Numidian crane1767

buffoon-bird1774

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 390 It [sc. the Numidian Crane..] is vulgarly called by our sailors the Buffoon Bird.

C2.

buffoon-like adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [adjective] > humorous or jesting > vulgarly

buffoonly1607

buffoon-like1611

buffoon1631

buffoonish1672

buffooning1718

balatronic1883

lavatorial1955

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Bouffonnesque, buffoone-like.

Derivatives

buffooˈnesque adj. = buffoonish adj.

ΚΠ

1756 Gentleman's Mag. 26 254 That they should commit intellectual mendicity in buffoonesk terms.

buˈffoonical adj.

ΚΠ

1834 W. Beckford Italy; with Sketches Spain & Portugal II. 39 The strangest, most buffoonical grimaces.

1834 W. Beckford Italy; with Sketches Spain & Portugal II. 169 A lay-brother, fat, round, buffoonical.

buˈffoonism n. = buffoonery n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > absurdity, incongruity > [noun] > in conduct

harlotryc1384

May game1571

scogginism1593

buffianism1596

delirium1599

fooling1602

scoggery1602

buffoonism1611

nonsense1612

scurrility1614

buffoonery1621

buffooninga1672

buffoon1780

pantomime1781

zanyism1823

harlequinade1828

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Bouffonnerie, bouffoonisme, ieasting.

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas 56 Buffoonisme..vi: jesting.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

buffoonv.

Brit.

/bəˈfuːn/, U.S.

/bəˈfun/

Etymology: < buffoon n.

archaic.

1. transitive. To turn into ridicule, to ridicule; to burlesque.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > ridicule or mock by specific means [verb (transitive)] > ridicule or mock by imitation

mocka1616

buffoon1638

mimic1671

burlesque1676

parody1733

caricature1749

to take off1750

travesty1825

grotesque1875

cartoon1884

spoof1927

to send up1931

1638 J. Ford Fancies iii. 32 Who in the great Dukes court, buffoones his complement.

a1672 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) II. 73 The Duke of Buckingham's..farce..buffooning all plays.

1751 J. Brown Ess. Characteristics 371 Buffooning and disgracing Christianity, from a false representation of its material part.

1836 Fraser's Mag. 14 16 Having Polonius buffooned for him, and, to no small extent, Hamlet himself.

2. intransitive. To play the buffoon, to indulge in low jesting. Also to buffoon it.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > absurdity, incongruity > act absurdly [verb (intransitive)]

buffoonize1611

buffoona1672

anticize1871

to play the giddy ox1892

the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > cause laughter [verb (intransitive)] > play the buffoon

buffoonize1611

buffoona1672

a1672 [implied in: A. Wood Life (1848) 43 Mirth..buffooning and bantering. (at buffooning n.)].

1820 Ld. Byron Let. 31 Jan. (1977) VII. 28 Bankes and I..buffooned together very merrily.

1830 Fraser's Mag. 2 180 He..buffooned it up to the bent.

1832 L. Hunt Sir Ralph Esher I. viii. 174 All dressed and talked, and laughed and buffooned alike.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	buffoon
释义	buffoonn. Brit. /bəˈfuːn/, U.S. /bəˈfun/ Forms: 1500s–1600s buffon(e, -onne, -oun, oone, bouffon, boufoon, 1600s– buffoon. Etymology: < French buffon, bouffon, < Italian buffone buffoon, < buffa a jest, connected with buffare to puff; Tommaseo and Bellini consider the sense of ‘jest’ to be developed from that of ‘puff of wind’, applied figuratively to anything light and frivolous; others, e.g. Littré, refer it to the notion of puffing out the cheeks as a comic gesture. (In 17th cent. accented on first syllable.) †1. A pantomime dance. Scottish. Obsolete. rare. [French ‘danser les buffons to daunce a morris’ Cotgrave] ΚΠ c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 52 Braulis, and branglis, buffons, vitht mony vthir lycht dancis. 2. a. ‘A man whose profession is to make sport by low jests and antick postures’ (Johnson); a comic actor, clown; a jester, fool. archaic. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > performance of jester or comedian > [noun] > jester or comedian jugglerc1175 foolc1300 jangler1303 fool sagec1330 ribald1340 ape-ward1362 japer1377 sage fool1377 harlotc1390 disporter?a1475 jocular?a1475 joculatora1500 jester?1518 idiot1526 scoffer1530 sporter1531 dizzardc1540 vice1552 antic1564 bauble-bearer1568 scoggin1579 buffoon1584 pleasant1595 zany1596 baladine1599 clown1600 fiddle1600 mimic1601 ape-carrier1615 mime1616 mime-man1631 merry man1648 tomfool1650 pickle-herring1656 badine1670 puddingc1675 merry-andrew1677 mimical1688 Tom Tram1688 Monaghan1689 pickled herring1711 ethologist1727 court-foola1797 Tom1817 mimer1819 fun-maker1835 funny man1839 mimester1846 comic1857 comedian1860 jokesman1882 comique1886 Joey1896 tummler1938 alternative comedian1981 Andrew- the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > jest or pleasantry > one who jests or jokes > professional japer1377 sage fool1377 harlotc1390 jocular?a1475 joculatora1500 jester?1518 bauble-bearer1568 buffoon1584 merry-andrew1677 court-foola1797 fun-maker1835 funny man1839 jokesman1882 1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Eiij We remaine With Iuglers, buffons, and that foolish seames. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xxxi. 50 Buffons, altogether applying their wits to Scurrillities & other ridiculous matters. 1657 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1681) 68 But how the Buffons all be outted. 1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 2 Mountebanks, Buffoons, and Merry-Andrews. 1744 R. North & M. North Life Sir D. North & Rev. J. North 62 The Bey..like other voluptuous Turks, had his Buffoons to divert him. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. i. 7 The stale jests of a hired buffoon. 1868 F. W. Farrar Seekers after God i. iii. 42 Greedy buffoons, who lived by making bad jokes at other people's tables. b. Used for ‘buffoonery’. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > absurdity, incongruity > [noun] > in conduct harlotryc1384 May game1571 scogginism1593 buffianism1596 delirium1599 fooling1602 scoggery1602 buffoonism1611 nonsense1612 scurrility1614 buffoonery1621 buffooninga1672 buffoon1780 pantomime1781 zanyism1823 harlequinade1828 1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 153 Thy sabbaths will be soon Our sabbaths, closed with mummery and buffoon. 3. transferred. A low jester; ‘a man that practises indecent raillery’ (Johnson); a wag, a joker (implying contempt or disapprobation). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > jest or pleasantry > one who jests or jokes > buffoon sporter1531 Owlglassc1560 scogginist1593 scurr1596 hobby-horse1600 zany1606 buffoona1610 jack pudding?c1635 Owl-spieglea1637 droll1645 buffian1655 drollist1668 droller1676 merry-andrew1694 grotesque1864 harlequin1883 a1610 J. Healey tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) 73 Avoid the playing of the Buffone, and procuring of others laughter. 1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) ii. v, in Wks. I. 26 Age was authoritie Against a buffon: and a man had, then, A certaine reuerence pai'd vnto his yeeres. 1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos Pref. p. xiv Buffoones rather, and abusers of the Apocalypse, than serious Interpreters of it. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 72. ⁋8 Falstaff the cheerful companion, the loud buffoon. 1840 T. B. Macaulay Ranke's Hist. in Ess. (1851) II. 147 Buffoons, dressed in copes and surplices. 4. attributive and adj. Belonging to or characteristic of a buffoon; vulgarly jocular. (Somewhat archaic) ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [adjective] > humorous or jesting > vulgarly buffoonly1607 buffoon-like1611 buffoon1631 buffoonish1672 buffooning1718 balatronic1883 lavatorial1955 1631 B. Jonson Staple of Newes v. vi. 10 in Wks. II With buffon licence, ieast At whatsoe'r is serious. 1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther i. 3 The Buffoon Ape, as Atheists use, Mimick'd all Sects. 1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) V. 68 A jumble of buffoon tales. 1765 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 2) III. iv. 125 Egbert Hemskirk Of Harlem, a buffoon painter. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 469 No mean images, buffoon stories, scurrilous invectives. Compounds General attributive. C1. buffoon-bird n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Gruiformes > [noun] > family Gruidae (cranes) > genus Anthropoides > anthropoides virgo or demoiselle demoiselle1687 kulang1698 Numidian crane1767 buffoon-bird1774 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 390 It [sc. the Numidian Crane..] is vulgarly called by our sailors the Buffoon Bird. C2. buffoon-like adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [adjective] > humorous or jesting > vulgarly buffoonly1607 buffoon-like1611 buffoon1631 buffoonish1672 buffooning1718 balatronic1883 lavatorial1955 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Bouffonnesque, buffoone-like. Derivatives buffooˈnesque adj. = buffoonish adj. ΚΠ 1756 Gentleman's Mag. 26 254 That they should commit intellectual mendicity in buffoonesk terms. buˈffoonical adj. ΚΠ 1834 W. Beckford Italy; with Sketches Spain & Portugal II. 39 The strangest, most buffoonical grimaces. 1834 W. Beckford Italy; with Sketches Spain & Portugal II. 169 A lay-brother, fat, round, buffoonical. buˈffoonism n. = buffoonery n. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > absurdity, incongruity > [noun] > in conduct harlotryc1384 May game1571 scogginism1593 buffianism1596 delirium1599 fooling1602 scoggery1602 buffoonism1611 nonsense1612 scurrility1614 buffoonery1621 buffooninga1672 buffoon1780 pantomime1781 zanyism1823 harlequinade1828 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Bouffonnerie, bouffoonisme, ieasting. 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas 56 Buffoonisme..vi: jesting. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021). buffoonv. Brit. /bəˈfuːn/, U.S. /bəˈfun/ Etymology: < buffoon n. archaic. 1. transitive. To turn into ridicule, to ridicule; to burlesque. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > ridicule or mock by specific means [verb (transitive)] > ridicule or mock by imitation mocka1616 buffoon1638 mimic1671 burlesque1676 parody1733 caricature1749 to take off1750 travesty1825 grotesque1875 cartoon1884 spoof1927 to send up1931 1638 J. Ford Fancies iii. 32 Who in the great Dukes court, buffoones his complement. a1672 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) II. 73 The Duke of Buckingham's..farce..buffooning all plays. 1751 J. Brown Ess. Characteristics 371 Buffooning and disgracing Christianity, from a false representation of its material part. 1836 Fraser's Mag. 14 16 Having Polonius buffooned for him, and, to no small extent, Hamlet himself. 2. intransitive. To play the buffoon, to indulge in low jesting. Also to buffoon it. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > absurdity, incongruity > act absurdly [verb (intransitive)] buffoonize1611 buffoona1672 anticize1871 to play the giddy ox1892 the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > cause laughter [verb (intransitive)] > play the buffoon buffoonize1611 buffoona1672 a1672 [implied in: A. Wood Life (1848) 43 Mirth..buffooning and bantering. (at buffooning n.)]. 1820 Ld. Byron Let. 31 Jan. (1977) VII. 28 Bankes and I..buffooned together very merrily. 1830 Fraser's Mag. 2 180 He..buffooned it up to the bent. 1832 L. Hunt Sir Ralph Esher I. viii. 174 All dressed and talked, and laughed and buffooned alike. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1550v.1638
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