单词 | waterway |
释义 | waterwayn. 1. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > [noun] > in specific situation waterwayOE ridgewayOE bog-way1869 OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 85 Tramites, wæterweg. lOE Bounds (Sawyer 417) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1887) II. 379 Andlang burnan, on ðone æwylm, of þam ewylme, andlang weterweges, up to strete. a1170 ( Bounds (Sawyer 622) in M. Gelling Place-names Berks. (1976) III. 666 Andglang burnan on weter weg [a1225 wæterweg], of þam weterwege on weterhammas. b. Welsh English (Monmouthshire). A ford. rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > place where something may be crossed > fordable place > ford fordc893 wath?c1450 wading-place1598 wathstead1615 ford-way1721 waterway1970 1970 H. Orton & M. V. Barry Surv. Eng. Dial. II. ii. 346 Sometimes there is no bridge (over a rivulet). What do you call that shallow place where you can walk across?.. [Monmouthshire] Water-way. 2. a. A route for travel or transport by water; a navigable river, canal, or stretch of sea or lake. Also in by waterway.In quot. 1883: distance to be travelled by water. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > navigable waterway waterwaya1387 fosse1601 riverway1701 navigation1720 navigation branch1778 silent highway1841 igarape1853 seaway1921 cruiseway1967 the world > the earth > water > body of water > [noun] > water viewed as medium of transit watereOE waterway1858 the world > space > distance > [noun] > distance (to be) travelled > distance by sea or water sea-gate1577 waterway1883 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 131 (MED) Whan kyng Edwyn was i-slawe, and þinges were destourbed, Paulynus wente þennes by water wey [L. navigio] in to Kent. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes III. ii. v. 343 It [sc. Suceu] hath one gate to the Land, the other are water-wayes. a1700 Surv. River Avon (single sheet) Cutting a new Water-way, from the Mill Pond, to one hundred Yards below the Bridge, which will be 400 Yards. 1785 C. Colles Proposals for Speedy Settlem. of Waste & Unappropriated Lands 13 Of late years the policy of that Island [sc. Britain] has been to promote Inland Navigation, and..it is intersected in all manner of directions by these valuable water-ways. 1858 C. Kingsley in Fraser's Mag. Sept. 324/1 Dearer than wild cataracts or Alpine glens are the still hidden streams which Bewick has immortalized in his vignettes... Pleasant are those hidden waterways. 1883 G. C. Davies Norfolk Broads ix. 74 The lack of railway and inn accommodation and the length of water-way rendered a cabin necessary. 1904 W. M. Ramsay Lett. to Seven Churches iv. 48 When a waterway is needed, as at Glasgow, we transform a little stream into a navigable river. 1915 A. Hurd in Daily Tel. 24 Aug. 8/7 The defence of this particular waterway [sc. the Gulf of Riga] was entrusted to a number of older ships. 1951 Oxf. Junior Encycl. IV. 37/2 The narrow boat..is possibly the commonest craft on inland waterways in England. 1997 J. Cole & F. Cole Geogr. of European Union (ed. 2) 140 Most oil refineries are in coastal locations, although some are situated inland, receiving crude oil either by waterway..or by pipeline. 2011 A. T. H. Tan Security Strategies in Asia-Pacific iv. 124 The United States..has insisted that the Straits of Malacca is an international waterway. b. The breadth of an (esp. navigable) watercourse, esp. the breadth allowed for the watercourse of a canal (exclusive of towpaths, etc.) passing under a bridge or tunnel. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > navigable waterway > breadth of waterway1642 1642 A. Burrell Briefe Relation 13 To make two Brick Sluces at the outfall of the two Indikes, that each of them may have sixteene foot waterway, with a paire of doores to keepe out the Sea floods. 1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 75 More free Water-way is left for the Stream..than the whole Breadth of the River at the Horse-Ferry. 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 16 Total Water-way 755 Feet 5 Inches. 1791 R. Mylne 2nd Rep. Navigation Thames 8 The Water-way..is much contracted by the Bank..having grown forward, beyond the opening of the Buttment Arch. 1803 T. Telford in J. Plymley Gen. View Agric. Shropshire xv. 301 By this towing-path being hollow below, there is a water-way in the tunnel, of ten feet, instead of seven feet. 1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 322/1 The Canal Company..demanded..an arch 31 feet wide, 24 for water-way, and 7 for towing path. 1896 W. H. Wheeler Hist. Fens S. Lincs. (ed. 2) xiii. 373 The East and West Fens discharge at Hobhole, which has four openings, each with one pair of doors, having a waterway of 60ft. 1902 Times 26 Nov. 16/5 The Thames Conservancy..have made demands in regard to waterway and headway. 1997 Indian Jrnl. Power & River Valley Developm. Mar. 42/2 A waterway of 60 m for the barrage has been provided in the form of 4 bays. c. An opening for the passage of vessels, esp. to and from a harbour; = fairway n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > channel > [noun] > navigable channel through shoals, etc. channel1536 thoroughfare1598 swatch1626 traversea1645 pilot water1653 swash1694 pass1698 waterway1759 water lane1779 swatchway1798 fairwater1802 swash-way1839 water gate1850 stoach-way1853 seaway1866 swash channel1885 1759 Philos. Trans. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 496 The breadth of the water-way between the obstacles being given. 1884 J. Colborne With Hicks Pasha in Soudan 106 The waterway was considerably reduced in breadth by a large well-cultivated island. 1894 Law Times Rep. 71 102/2 The breadth of available waterway depends upon the draught of the vessels navigating it. 1906 Railway News 7 July 1/2 The harbour at Port Sudan has a breadth of waterway of about 400 ft. 1947 Federal Register 9 Sept. 5029/2 Large vessels or tows must not overtake and attempt to pass other large vessels or tows in the waterway. 2006 Maritime Econ. & Logistics 8 270 Ships in port may be berthed at a pier, at anchorage in the harbor or moving at slow speeds through the harbor's waterway. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [noun] > across water watery1715 waterway1865 1865 A. C. Swinburne Chastelard i. ii. 31 Between the sundown and the sea Love watched one hour of love with me; Then down the all-golden water-ways His feet flew after yesterday's. 3. a. A channel for the escape or passage of water. grass (also grassed) waterway: a broad shallow channel sown with grass, designed to prevent soil erosion when draining run-off water from adjacent agricultural land. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water water leatOE water lade1224 leat1279 watergang1293 sow1316 trough1398 wissinga1400 lanec1420 waterway1431 water leasow1440 watercoursea1450 fleam1523 lead1541 cut1548 aqueducta1552 lake1559 strand1565 race1570 channel1581 watergauge1597 gout1598 server1610 carriage1669 runnel1669 aquage1706 shoot1707 tewel1725 run1761 penstock1763 hulve1764 way-gang1766 culvert1774 flume1784 shute1790 pentrough1793 raceway1793 water carriage1793 carrier1794 conductor1796 water carrier1827 penchute1875 chute1878 by-cut1883 1431–40 in J. L. Glasscock Rec. St. Michael's, Bishop's Stortford (1882) 16 Pro j waterwey Johannis Busch..oneratæ ut supra, ijd. per annum. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 518 Water wey, meatus. 1562 in W. Holloway Hist. Romney Marsh (1849) v. 141 (modernized text) A creek or waterway swawed or dried up. 1658 G. Atwell Faithfull Surveyour xxvi. 88 If you are to bring it [sc. the trench] over some ditch or brook, where the water is lower then your water-way; then must you make a bridg over it. 1783 De Lille tr. R. L. Gerardin Ess. Landscape vii. 79 You need only dig a winding perpendicular ditch, conducting into it such water ways as may lie convenient for your purpose. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 325 If the water is to be carried away by a tunnel, the water-way is arched over and the space above levelled in with earth. 1878 D. T. Ansted Water & Water Supply 161 The alluvial bed is wide, but the channel or water-way, except after heavy rain, is small. 1959 Amer. Biol. Teacher 21 93/2 Good soil conservation practices such as..diversion terraces, grass waterways and proper land utilization. 1965 Soil Erosion by Water (Food & Agriculture Organization United Nations) vii. 169 Plant the badly eroded adjoining areas to a sod crop or forest trees to reduce the runoff draining into the waterway. 2007 J. K. Casper Agriculture viii. 147 Some terraces are designed to serve as a channel in order to slow runoff and carry it to a designated outlet, such as a grassed waterway. b. Nautical. A heavy longitudinal timber along the outboard edge of the deck, to strengthen the deck and channel water towards the scuppers. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > part of vessel above water > [noun] > deck > channel on deck to carry off water spurn-water1347 waterway1612 1612 Survey in Mariner's Mirror (1990) 76 34 New waterways and spirkett wales to be put in. 1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services 149 Water way is that small piece or ledge of timber which lieth on the ship's deck..to keep the water from running down there. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. iv. 158 Her water-ways were open and decayed. 1750 T. R. Blanckley Naval Expositor Water ways, is that Strake of Plank on the Flat of each Deck respectively next the Ship's Side, for turning the Water out of the Seams. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xv. 39 Everything has been moved in the hold, from stem to stern, and from the water-ways to the keelson. 1884 Law Times 10 May 26/2 A tug towed at her for an hour and a half before she was got off, during that time her decks and waterways were much strained. 1943 Stage Building & Ship Carpentry (Pennsylvania Dept. Public Instr.) v. 175 The difference in thickness forms a waterway that leads down to the scupper. 2012 A. Lemmers tr. A. J. Hoving Nicolaes Witsen & Shipbuilding ii. 85/1 The waterway was let into the deck beams to level it with the other deck planks. c. Engineering. An aperture or passage through which water may pass in a valve or other mechanism, esp. considered in respect of its cross-sectional area. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > tap > full-open passage area in waterway1729 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > control(s) > [noun] > valve > full-open area in waterway1729 1729 S. Switzer Introd. Gen. Syst. Hydrostaticks & Hydraulicks II. xxix. 337 The Forcing-barrel..is bigger in its Bore at 7, 8 than in any other part, to allow sufficient Water-way. 1744 J. T. Desaguliers Course Exper. Philos. II. 524 His three Valves (whose Water-way taken together was 48 Inches). 1802 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. Mar. 164 The sudden stoppage of the descent of the column AB, at the instant when the two plugs were both in the water way, might jar and shake the apparatus. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 276 This piston has every advantage of strength, tightness, and large water-way. 1961 Fowler's Mech. Engineer's Pocket Bk. (ed. 63) 389 The delivery valves..should afford a waterway in area equal to the plunger. 2002 R. D. Treloar Plumbing: Heating & Gas Installations (ed. 2) iii. 146 The zone valve simply opens and closes the waterway and is fitted in a straight run of pipe. Phrases right of waterway: the (legal) right to access or passage by water. Cf. right of way n. 1a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > right of using another's property > wayleave or water-leave wayleave1427 waterleave1740 right of waterway1802 1802 Morning Chron. 27 Feb. 1/2 A spacious and very valuable Copyhold and leasehold Estate..with right of Water-way 62 feet in front of the Thames. 1883 G. C. Davies Norfolk Broads xvi. 122 One of the abbots of St. Benedict's once sued the citizens of Norwich for an interference with his right of water-way up to his possessions higher up the river. 1910 H. H. Arnold-Bemrose Derbyshire xix. 78 The miner is entitled to..a right of waterway to the nearest stream of running water. 1962 Uganda Jrnl. Mar. 141 The Sudan Government should obtain the right of waterway between Nimule and Lake Albert. Compounds General attributive, as waterway access, waterway tax, etc. ΚΠ 1887 Justice of Peace 5 Feb. 82/1 The waterway access was so closely connected with the premises as to form an accessory thereof. 1896 New Ireland Rev. Mar. 8 Efficient inland waterway transport is regarded as essential in the competition of both home and foreign trade. 1902 Fur Trade Rev. 1 Nov. 589/1 In my opinion, the likin, or waterway tax, a system of systematic squeezing..should be abolished. 1936 Marine Engin. & Shipping Rev. Jan. 43/2 In his annual report on the waterway toll, [the] governor of the Panama Canal urged that legislation be enacted to provide a single unit system for levying collections. 1977 H. Malet Bridgewater, Canal Duke, 1736–1803 xiv. 155 A vital link in the chain with the new industrial areas being opened to waterway transport around Bradford. 1994 Waterways World May 49 (caption) Even when walking ‘solo’, you are bound to meet other waterway enthusiasts. 2006 W. G. Crawford Florida's Big Dig 294 Florida canal company officials conceded that waterway tolls were insufficient to maintain the canal. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < |
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