† buffern.1
Obsolete.
A stammerer.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > [noun] > one who speaks inarticulately > one who stammered or stuttered
wlaffer1340
buffera1382
droterc1440
stoterc1440
mafflardc1450
rattler1483
stammerera1513
fumbler1519
stutter1530
maffler1552
mantera1585
stutterer1598
hummer1820
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xxxii. 4 The tunge of bufferes [a1425 stuttynge men; 1611 stammerers] swiftli shal speke.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
buffern.2
/ˈbʌfə/, U.S. /ˈbəfər/ 1.
a. Mechanics. A mechanical apparatus for deadening the force of a concussion; as a round plate or cushion (usually supported by a strong spring) fixed in pairs at the front and back of railway carriages or engines, or on the face of a terminal wall of a line of railway. Extended also to the solid projecting beam-ends of railway trucks, etc., and strong bars across sidings, which sustain without deadening the concussion. (Formerly called also buffing apparatus: see buffing n.1)
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer
buffer1835
stop-block1853
fender-stop1856
buffer-stop1878
stop-buffer1881
buffer-block1889
buffer-bank1900
bumping post1952
1835 Church Specif. Patent 6791 12 The buffers supported by metal springs x and air cylinder.
1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 258/2 Buffers or discs of wood or metal, sometimes covered with cushions.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. §2. 9 The shock..is harmless when distributed over the interval necessary for the pushing in of the buffer.
1867 Pall Mall Gaz. 27 July 9 He jumped on to a buffer of a carriage.
b. Chemistry. A substance or a mixture of substances, usually of a weak acid or base and its salt, which stabilizes the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution; also, a buffer solution. Also attributive in buffer action, buffer base, buffer salt; buffer solution n. (see Compounds 1).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > buffers
buffer1914
buffer solution1921
tris buffer1959
1914 Chem. Abstr. 3561 The action of moderators (buffers) in the shifting of the acid-base equilibrium in biological liquids... A monobasic acid shows its max. buffer reaction at a H-ion conc... The max. buffer action of all weak acids in equiv. concs. is the same.
1922 Encycl. Brit. XXXI. 59/1 Death will be due to acid poisoning, and the administration of what are called ‘buffer salts’..is instrumental in postponing the fatal issue.
1926 A. G. Tansley & T. F. Chipp Aims & Methods Study Vegetation vii. 124 This substance acts as an acid ‘buffer’ to the soil solution.
1961 Lancet 22 July 176/1 The solvent contains 45 ml. of phosphate buffer (pH = 7·4).
1965 J. R. Robinson Acid-base Regulation (ed. 2) xiii. 31 It therefore seems preferable to restrict the terms ‘acidosis’ and ‘alkalosis’ to conditions in which the total concentration of buffer base is less than or greater than the normal.
c. Biology. (See quot. 1939 and cf. buffer v. c.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > gene > types of gene
sex determinant1902
sex determiner1909
inhibitor1911
multiple factor1912
modifier1915
autosomal dominant1919
autosomal recessive1919
scute1923
gene1925
suppressor1928
rate gene1932
dominigene1938
buffer1939
polygene1941
switch gene1942
mutator1943
oligogene1943
sickle cell gene1946
supergene1949
ob1950
obese1950
regulator1960
regulator gene1960
regulatory gene1960
enhancer1967
oncogene1969
virogene1969
hedgehog1980
1939 H. J. Muller in Biol. Rev. XIV. 271 Some ‘buffers’ may eventually arise—that is, genes that compensate for a change in one or more of the secondary effects of the primary gene in question.
1943 Nature 16 Jan. 68/2 The distinction between switch genes and buffer genes.
d. A ‘memory’ device in a computer (see quot. 1962); a buffer memory.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > hardware > [noun] > memory > used during processing
working space1829
buffer1948
working storage1954
workspace1959
buffer store1962
footprint1993
1948 Math. Tables & Other Aids Computation 3 289 Two 32-word delay lines, or reservoirs..are used as buffers between the main electronic part of the machine and the tape.
1956 Control Engineering Nov. 117/1 Input Information..is transferred to the internal memory of the computer either directly or through an external storage device or buffer.
1958 M. Phister Logical Design Digital Computers viii. 216 The buffer memory must be independent of the operation of the rest of the main memory.
1962 S. Handel Dict. Electronics 40 Buffer,..a memory device used to compensate for a difference in the rate of flow of information in the different parts of a computing system.
2. figurative; spec. used attributively or quasi-adj. to designate a state, zone, etc., lying between two others, usually owing allegiance to neither, and serving as a means of preventing hostilities between them.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > [noun] > one who or that which mitigates or moderates
slakea1300
mitigativea1398
allayerc1487
slaker?1518
assuager1547
abater1583
mollifier1583
mitigator1586
moderator1589
softener1599
rebater1601
lightener?1611
allay1614
swager1617
mitigation1622
temperer1630
alleviator1665
alleviative1672
sheather1762
soberera1849
buffer1858
charmer1871
suppressant1884
modifier1890
moderant1897
shock-absorber1924
1858 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem I. xliv. 170 With no excuse offered as a buffer against the manifest absurdity.
1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 2nd Ser. 313 A sense of humor..may have served as a buffer against the..shock of disappointment.
1876 B. Frere in W. B. Worsfold Sir B. Frere (1923) 43 Using the Afghans as a ‘buffer’ to avoid immediate contact between our frontier and the Russian.
1883 Daily News 27 July 5/1 The ‘buffer’ State—to borrow a simile from Indo-Afghan politics—which lies between Natal and the late King's dominion.
1908 Westm. Gaz. 7 May 1/3 A ‘buffer’ zone, inhabited by independent tribes, lies between the boundaries of British India and Afghanistan.
1920 Discovery May 133/2 That treaty settlement of neutrality which regulated the status of Luxemburg as a buffer-duchy.
1931 A. P. Herbert Derby Day 27 Belgium's a buffer nation.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
buffer-bank n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer
buffer1835
stop-block1853
fender-stop1856
buffer-stop1878
stop-buffer1881
buffer-block1889
buffer-bank1900
bumping post1952
1900 Westm. Gaz. 21 Aug. 6/1 The accident at Kent House Station, near Penge (in which a train ran into a buffer-bank, injuring eleven people).
buffer-frame n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer > parts of
buffer-head1835
buffer-spring1862
buffer-rod1863
buffer-box1874
buffer-case1880
buffer-plunger1880
buffer-frame1883
1883 N.E. Railw. Specifications 40 Also, the fixing of 6 Buffers, and Buffer-frames, at ends of Sidings.
buffer-head n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer > parts of
buffer-head1835
buffer-spring1862
buffer-rod1863
buffer-box1874
buffer-case1880
buffer-plunger1880
buffer-frame1883
1835 Bergin Specif. Patent 6781 Within each buffer head is a bar of iron.
buffer-plate n.
buffer-rod n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer > parts of
buffer-head1835
buffer-spring1862
buffer-rod1863
buffer-box1874
buffer-case1880
buffer-plunger1880
buffer-frame1883
1863 Morning Star 13 Aug. The buffer rod, which was..solid iron, was broken away.
buffer-spring n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer > parts of
buffer-head1835
buffer-spring1862
buffer-rod1863
buffer-box1874
buffer-case1880
buffer-plunger1880
buffer-frame1883
1862 S. Smiles Lives Engineers III. 282 The necessity for..preventing hard bumping of the carriage-ends..hence the contrivance of buffer-springs.
C2.
buffer amplifier n. (see quot. 1938).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > amplifier
power amplifier1920
buffer amplifier1933
preamplifier1934
amp1945
power amp1947
logarithmic amplifier1954
preamp1955
head1968
1933 J. H. Morecroft Princ. Radio Communication (ed. 3) vii. 727 The crystal oscillates at 2500 kc. and gives in its tank circuit about 50 volts of this frequency, and the buffer amplifier raises this to about 400 volts at the same frequency.
1938 G. P. Harnwell Princ. Electr. & Electromagn. vii. 215 Multielectrode tubes not only amplify but also isolate the plate and grid circuits, avoiding the many undesired effects of interaction; these are frequently known as buffer amplifiers.
buffer-bar n. cross-piece (on an engine, etc.) carrying the buffers.
ΚΠ
1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 399/1 The buffer bar or beam is attached to the framework of the car, and carries the buffer-box.
buffer-block n. (a) a framework of timber set up at the end of a railway line or siding; (b) a block on the end of a coach, which acts as a buffer; (c) the flat head of a buffer.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer
buffer1835
stop-block1853
fender-stop1856
buffer-stop1878
stop-buffer1881
buffer-block1889
buffer-bank1900
bumping post1952
1889 Cent. Dict. Buffer-block.
1892 Daily News 14 Jan. 3/4 The effect was to cause the waggon furthest from the engine to mount the fixed buffer block.
buffer-box n. the case which encloses the buffer-rod and -spring.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer > parts of
buffer-head1835
buffer-spring1862
buffer-rod1863
buffer-box1874
buffer-case1880
buffer-plunger1880
buffer-frame1883
1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 399/1 The buffer bar or beam is attached to the framework of the car, and carries the buffer-box, in which is the buffer-rod.
buffer-case n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer > parts of
buffer-head1835
buffer-spring1862
buffer-rod1863
buffer-box1874
buffer-case1880
buffer-plunger1880
buffer-frame1883
1880 Engineering XXX. 294 Projections h′ on the buffer case.
buffer-knot n. an arrangement of two knots joining two parts of a fisherman's line in which the strain is taken by a piece of waxed silk which acts as a buffer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fishing-line > [noun] > knots for lines
water knot1496
buffer-knot1885
1885 J. P. Traherne in H. C. Pennell et al. Fishing (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) I. i. 46 Although I can lay no claim to be the inventor of the ‘buffer knot’, I can honestly say that I had never seen or heard of it before.
1895 ‘J. Bickerdyke’ in ‘J. Bickerdyke’ et al. Sea Fishing (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 69 The buffer knot is another good one;..I learnt the way of tying it, shown in the illustration, from an Irish friend, who has greatly improved on the old original buffer.
buffer-plunger n. the portion of a buffer which slides in the buffer-case and carries the shock to the spring.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer > parts of
buffer-head1835
buffer-spring1862
buffer-rod1863
buffer-box1874
buffer-case1880
buffer-plunger1880
buffer-frame1883
1880 Engineering XXX. 294 Tijou's mode of securing buffer plungers.
buffer pool n. = buffer stock n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > merchandise > article(s) to be sold > [noun] > stock > reserve or stock-pile
pool product1933
buffer stock1935
buffer pool1940
stockpile1942
1940 Economist 24 Feb. 338/1 The price of the metal..had been previously pegged at the upper limit of £230 per ton under the buffer pool scheme.
buffer solution n. Chemistry a solution containing a ‘buffer’ (see 1b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > buffers
buffer1914
buffer solution1921
tris buffer1959
1921 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 49 183 The use of standard buffer solutions for colorimetric comparison.
1951 A. I. Vogel Text-bk. Quantitative Inorg. Anal. i. 31 Buffer solutions usually consist of solutions containing a mixture of a weak acid or base and its salt.
buffer state n. (in international politics) a state lying between two others, owing allegiance to neither, and serving as a means of preventing hostile collision between them.
ΚΠ
1897 Daily News 30 Dec. 5/5 Buffer States are of not the slightest real use.
buffer stock n. a stock of a commodity held in reserve so as to reduce fluctuation in prices when supplies are low.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > merchandise > article(s) to be sold > [noun] > stock > reserve or stock-pile
pool product1933
buffer stock1935
buffer pool1940
stockpile1942
1935 Economist 23 Feb. 456/1 At the end of February 7,476 tons of tin, being part of the buffer stock held by the committee, will appear in ‘visible supplies’.
buffer-stop n. = buffer-block n. (a).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer
buffer1835
stop-block1853
fender-stop1856
buffer-stop1878
stop-buffer1881
buffer-block1889
buffer-bank1900
bumping post1952
1878 Engineer 46 7 The standard buffer stop on the London and South-Western Railway.
1906 Westm. Gaz. 30 July 7/3 The Reading train..ran into the buffer-stop with considerable force.
buffer store n. (in a computer) = sense 1d above.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > hardware > [noun] > memory > used during processing
working space1829
buffer1948
working storage1954
workspace1959
buffer store1962
footprint1993
1962 Gloss. Terms Automatic Data Processing (B.S.I.) 64 Buffer store, a store used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow of data, or time of occurrence of events, when transmitting data from one device to another.
1964 F. L. Westwater Electronic Computers iv. 80 Buffer stores are essentially a device for gaining time or for reconciling the different time scales inherent in a computing system.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
buffern.3
Thesaurus »
a. A workman or workwoman who buffs knives, plate, etc.
b. = buff n.2 4.
c. In Photography, A machine used for polishing daguerreotype plates.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > implement for polishing > implements for polishing metal
Flanders tilea1399
white brick1468
Flanders brick1651
scratch-brush1797
buff1831
Bath-brick1837
scratch card1839
buffer1854
rag wheel1869
bob1879
buff-stick1881
scratch-knot1905
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > photographic processes > processing and printing equipment > [noun] > other processing or printing equipment
filter paper1670
buffer1854
fuming-box1874
squeegee1878
light trap1881
changing table1882
print-washer1889
washer1891
safe lamp1893
rectifier1921
apron1935
register board1967
1854 J. Scoffern in Orr's Circle Sci., Chem. Chem. 90 Exposing them [Daguerreotype plates] to the friction of rubbers or buffers of cotton velvet or doeskin.
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 3 The application of the highest polish by the use of a buffer.
1882 Times 27 June Robert Taylor, comb buffer.
d. A farrier's shoeing tool having a blunt chisel at one end to remove clinch nails and a point at the other to punch out nails embedded in the hoof.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > shoeing instruments
butter1370
firing iron1374
butteris1559
pritchel1568
fuller1587
drawing knife1610
draw knife1711
rennet1725
searcher1834
sate1883
buffer1902
1902 V. Jacob Sheep-stealers xiv A smith's buffer.
1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 706/2 Farriers' tools, set of,..containing shoeing hammer, pointing hammer, rasp, whetstone, buffer, [etc.].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
buffern.4
slang.
1.
a. A dog.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dog > [noun]
houndc897
dogOE
cur?c1225
cur-dog?c1225
barker1393
tykec1400
bawtiec1536
bufe1567
cute1622
bow-wow1785
buffer1819
growler1822
purp1861
canine1863
ki-yi1884
dawg1898
wonk1900
mong1903
pooch1908
poochie1934
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory Buffar, Dog-like.]
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 160 Buffer, a dog.
b. transferred. A pistol; = barker n.1 4.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > pistol
pistolet1550
potguna1556
pistol?1560
snapper1587
pistoletto1647
pop1708
gun1744
cracker1751
stick1781
barking iron1785
barker1815
young gun1822
buffer1824
reporter1827
iron1828
flute1842
cannon1901
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet II. iii. 66 Here be a pair of buffers will bite as well as bark.
Categories »
2. Scottish and dialect. ‘A foolish fellow’ Jamieson 1808.
3. A fellow: usually expressing a slight degree of contempt.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > man > [noun]
churla800
werec900
rinkeOE
wapmanc950
heOE
wyeOE
gomeOE
ledeOE
seggeOE
shalkOE
manOE
carmanlOE
mother bairnc1225
hemea1250
mother sona1250
hind1297
buck1303
mister mana1325
piecec1325
groomc1330
man of mouldc1330
hathela1350
sire1362
malea1382
fellowa1393
guestc1394
sergeant?a1400
tailarda1400
tulka1400
harlotc1405
mother's sona1470
frekea1475
her1488
masculinea1500
gentlemana1513
horse?a1513
mutton?a1513
merchant1549
child1551
dick1553
sorrya1555
knavea1556
dandiprat1556
cove1567
rat1571
manling1573
bird1575
stone-horse1580
loona1586
shaver1592
slave1592
copemate1593
tit1594
dog1597
hima1599
prick1598
dingle-dangle1605
jade1608
dildoa1616
Roger1631
Johnny1648
boy1651
cod1653
cully1676
son of a bitch1697
cull1698
feller1699
chap1704
buff1708
son of a gun1708
buffer1749
codger1750
Mr1753
he-man1758
fella1778
gilla1790
gloak1795
joker1811
gory1819
covey1821
chappie1822
Charley1825
hombre1832
brother-man1839
rooster1840
blokie1841
hoss1843
Joe1846
guy1847
plug1848
chal1851
rye1851
omee1859
bloke1861
guffin1862
gadgie1865
mug1865
kerel1873
stiff1882
snoozer1884
geezer1885
josser1886
dude1895
gazabo1896
jasper1896
prairie dog1897
sport1897
crow-eater1899
papa1903
gink1906
stud1909
scout1912
head1913
beezer1914
jeff1917
pisser1918
bimbo1919
bozo1920
gee1921
mush1936
rye mush1936
basher1942
okie1943
mugger1945
cat1946
ou1949
tess1952
oke1970
bra1974
muzhik1993
1749 ‘H. Fitzcotton’ New & Accurate Transl. of 1st Bk. Homer's Iliad 23 You're a buffer always rear'd in The brutal pleasures of Bear-garden.
1834 F. Marryat Jacob Faithful III. i. 14 As the old buffer her father, says.
1862 M. E. Braddon Lady Audley's Secret I. iv. 67 I always said the old buffer would.
1876 M. C. Hay Nora's Love Test Unless some old buffer is struck by..my sermons.
4. Nautical. A chief boatswain's mate. Also, a petty officer.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > sailors involved in specific duties or activities > [noun] > boatswain > boatswain's-mate
boatswain's mate1600
bosun's mate1649
buffer1864
society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > seafaring warrior or naval man > leader or commander > [noun] > naval officer > petty officer
petty officer1748
buffer1941
1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) 87 Buffer, a navy term for a boatswain's mate, part of whose duties is to administer the ‘cat’.
1916 ‘Taffrail’ Stand By! 30 It wus all I could do to stop meself larfin', 'specially when Number One sings art fur the chief buffer.
1941 Weekly Telegraph 25 Oct. 6/3 The ‘Buffer’..is a petty officer ‘go-between’, his duty being that of passer-on of orders from officers to seamen.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† buffern.5
Obsolete slang.
(See quot.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > killing > killer of animals > [noun]
slaughterman1389
dog-killer1592
slaughterer1648
buffer1699
pork butcher1763
knacker1812
serpenticide1817
vulpicide1826
piggicide1837
canicide1852
ursicidea1861
birdicide1866
insecticide1866
horse-knacker1937
pigeoneer1944
piscicide1953
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Buffer, a Rogue that kills good sound Horses, only for their Skins.
1874 in Hotten's Slang Dict. (rev. ed.)
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
buffern.6
slang.
(See quot. 1859.)
ΚΠ
1859 J. C. Hotten Dict. Slang 13 Buffer,..the term was once applied to those who took false oaths for a consideration.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
bufferv.
/ˈbʌfə/, U.S. /ˈbəfər/ a. transitive. To lessen the impact of, with or as with a buffer; to act as a buffer to; frequently figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > lessen severe effect of
rebate1579
infringe1604
unvenom1611
unsting1612
blunt1732
sheathe1820
buffer1894
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > protect or defend [verb (transitive)]
shieldc825
frithc893
werea900
i-schield971
berghOE
biwerec1000
grithc1000
witec1000
keepc1175
burghena1225
ward?c1225
hilla1240
warrantc1275
witiec1275
forhilla1300
umshadea1300
defendc1325
fendc1330
to hold in or to warrantc1330
bielda1350
warisha1375
succoura1387
defencea1398
shrouda1400
umbeshadow14..
shelvec1425
targec1430
protect?1435
obumber?1440
thorn1483
warrantise1490
charea1500
safeguard1501
heild?a1513
shend1530
warrant1530
shadow1548
fence1577
safekeep1588
bucklera1593
counterguard1594
save1595
tara1612
target1611
screenc1613
pre-arm1615
custodite1657
shelter1667
to guard against1725
cushion1836
enshield1855
mind1924
buffer1958
1894 Speaker 16 June 658/1 The crude..opinionativeness of the permanent official—which is used to being discounted and buffered by a lay chief.
1958 Listener 2 Jan. 32/3 Continental statesmen..saw, with a clarity which has so far eluded our more buffered countrymen.
1958 House & Garden Apr. 73/2 The kitchen..buffers the children's area from the main reception rooms.
b. Chemistry. To treat with a buffer (see buffer n.2 1b). Also intransitive, to act as or use a buffer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > treat > with a buffer
buffer1923
1923 W. M. Clark Determination Hydrogen Ions (ed. 2) ii. 44 Unless a solution is buffered..it is almost impossible to make an accurate electrometric determination of the pH... The failure to buffer against the effect of so-called neutral salts..may lead to gross error.
1955 Sci. Amer. Feb. 60/3 A thin layer of protein solution..is inserted between a pair of liquids, one acid and one alkaline, which are ‘buffered’ to maintain a constant pH.
1956 Nature 10 Mar. 478/1 The salivary glands..were incubated on a welled microscope slide in buffered substrate (pH 6·8).
c. Biology. To limit the effect of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [verb (transitive)] > limit the effect of
buffer1936
1936 J. S. Huxley in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 82 Each such step is immediately buffered by ancillary changes in genes and gene-combinations.
1944 J. S. Huxley On Living in Revol. vi. 71 Slightly deleterious genes have been rendered harmless or even beneficial by being ‘buffered’..by new combinations of other genes.
Draft additions 1997
buffered adj. provided with a buffer or buffers; protected, insulated, or modified by a buffer (in various senses), spec. (a) Chemistry designating a substance or solution containing a buffer which tends to stabilize its pH; (b) Computing involving the temporary storage of data in a buffer; (of a device) having the facility to store data in a buffer when necessary.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > of or relating to miscellaneous other processes
caking1727
neutralizing1784
humid1800
regenerated1874
aluminothermic1900
buffered1917
olated1931
oxo1945
wet-chemical1967
1916 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 25 503 Since potential measurements of ‘unbuffered’ mixtures cannot be accurately made, the potentials observed with such mixtures are bracketed.]
1917 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 2 8 Quite apart from their well-established influence upon the apparent hydrogen ion concentration of buffered solutions.
1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xiv. 179 Parker, in 1924, demonstrated that organisms, grown in buffered broth containing ‘proteose-peptone’ and incubated for 6 days at 37° C. in an atmosphere of 10 per cent. CO2 produced a filtrate that was haæmolytic.
1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxxv. 450 Milk is incubated with buffered disodium phenyl phosphate.
1964 Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 115 576 The digital computer has..two buffered input-output channels.
1974 Physics Bull. Apr. 151/1 Another feature is the vacuum buffered, low tension drive which eliminates pinch-rollers and associated mechanical problems.
1989 PC Mag. (U.K. ed.) May 47/1 A buffered write-through technique allows data to be written into the cache in a single clock cycle.
1991 Model Railways Mar. 145/3 It was rebuilt from a dumb buffered wagon in 1907.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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