weirn.

/wɪə/

Forms: α. Old English–Middle English wer, Middle English–1700s were, Middle English werre, Middle English–1600s weere, Middle English–1700s weer; Middle English, 1600s ware, 1500s–1700s weare, 1600s–1800s wear; 1500s–1600s weire, weyre, 1600s– weir; 1500s–1700s wier. β. 1500s–1600s wyre, (1600s wyer), 1600s–1700s wire.

Etymology: Old English wer (masculine), = Old Saxon werr , Middle Low German wer , weer , weir , were (Low German wêr , were ), Middle High German wer , were (German wehr , †währ ; dialect wier ) neuter, < the stem of Old English werian to dam up: see were n.⁴Old Icelandic vǫr, var-, landing-place, is possibly related. Normally the standard modern form would have been wear/wɛə(r)/; this is represented by the dialectal wair, ware. The late variant wire is difficult to account for.

a. A barrier or dam to restrain water, esp. one placed across a river or canal in order to raise or divert the water for driving a mill-wheel; also, the body of water retained by this means, a mill-dam; now gen., a dam, of which there are various forms, constructed on the reaches of a canal or navigable river, to retain the water and regulate its flow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water

weirc897

dama1340

millpond1371

pound1535

pent1587

water-shut1613

tumbling-bay1724

backwater1788

pen pond1904

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > weir

weirc897

stagne1636

lasher1858

α.

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxviii. 279 Se se ðe ðone wer bricð, & ðæt wæter utforlæt, se bið fruma ðæs geflites.

c1460 Oseney Reg. 30 With all dwellynges þe which been vppon the were of þe milles.

1482 W. Caxton Higden's Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 543 The mayer of London..and the comynalte dyde do brake vp al the weerys that were bytwene Medewey and Kyngeston.

1491 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) 373 To arrest ther mill horses,..and to kepe them..tyll they..make the saide werre.

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) IV. 71 A Damme or Were to serve the Kinges Milles a litle lower then the Dammes.

1583 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 434 A locke or weare by Rewlie lock, to bende the water in sommer and to drawe uppe in wynter.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler iii. 89 [The trout] wil about (especially before) the time of his Spawning, get almost miraculously through Weires and Floud-Gates against the stream.

1695 Act 6 & 7 Will. III c. 16 (title) An Act to prevent Exactions of the Occupiers of Locks and Wears upon the River of Thames Westward.

1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 170 A Weer or Stop upon the River, made to raise the Water for the Barges which go up and down the River.

1787 A. Young Jrnl. 14 June in Trav. France (1792) i. 21 The navigation of the river in the town being absolutely impeded by the wear which is made across it in favour of the corn mills.

1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon xii. 314 There are no other reservoirs than those which are formed by the dams or weirs by which the streams are raised for the purpose.

1859 H. Kingsley Recoll. G. Hamlyn xiii I'm the best swimmer in Devon. That was proved by my living in that weir in flood time.

1866 M. Arnold Thyrsis ii, in Macmillan's Mag. Apr. 449 The Vale, the three lone wears, the youthful Thames.

1877 T. H. Huxley Physiography 3 About 380 million gallons flow over the weir every four-and-twenty hours.

β. a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 203 A good kiln ought to have such a draught as to roar like wires on a river.1758 R. Griffiths Descr. Thames 160 Farmer's Wires or Weirs..Day's Wires, [etc.].1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 33 There was..a Wire or a Stone Dike almost quite a-cross the River.1875 H. R. Robertson Life Upper Thames 40 A boat descending the stream meets with no impediment till it reaches the dam or ‘weir’ (pronounced ‘wire’ by the riverside people), as it is technically called.

b. Heraldry. A charge representing a weir.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > other heraldic representations > [noun] > weir

weir1780

1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.) Weare, Weir, or Dam, in Fesse. It is made with stakes and osier twigs, wattled or interwoven as a fence against water.

a. A fence or enclosure of stakes made in a river, harbour, etc., for taking or preserving fish. (Cf. fish-weir n. at fish n.¹ Compounds 2b.)In Old English also used to render Latin captura in the sense of a ‘catch’ of fish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > fish-keeping, farming, or breeding > [noun] > fish-weir or -garth

weir839

fish-weirc1000

yair1178

fishgarth1454

eel-bed1483

water frith1584

frith1602

garth1609

fish-lock1661

crawl1682

fish-yard1685

fishing-pen1791

eelery1854

fishing-weir1870

crib1873

ark1883

kiddle1891

α.

839 in Birch Cartul. Sax. I. 598 Twygen weoras in fluvio qui dicitur Stur.

901 in Birch Cartul. Sax. II. 247 An wer on Ycenan.

996 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. VI. 136 Ðes healfan weres æt Brægentforda.

1052–67 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 211 Al ðare þinge ðe ðarto mid richte gebirð..on waterin and on weren.

a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 963 Þa twa dæl of Witlesmere mid watres & mid wæres & feonnes.

a1200 in Birch Cartul. Sax. I. 171 In captura..piscium quæ terræ illi adjacet, ubi sunt scilicet duo quod nostratim dicitur Weres.

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 35 As why this fish, and nought that, cometh to were.

c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iii. xxv. 150 It is maad as a were for fysh; Entree ther is, but issue nouht.

1459 Rolls of Parl. V. 365/2 And a were called Petersam were..to be had for evermore to the seid Priour and Monkes.

1523 Act 14 & 15 Hen. VIII c. 13 Diuers weres & ingins for fisshynge, made & leuied in the same hauen.

1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xii. xvii. 265 [He] robbed a millers weire, and stole all his eeles.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. v. 155 The delicate..Golden-Eye Kept in a Weyre; the widest space doth spie.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 808 A very goodly Weare for the catching of Salmons.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xvi. 465 Their only food is a small sort of Fish, which they get by making Wares of stone, across little Coves, or branches of the Sea.

1724 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) III. 233 An act for demolishing..Fishing Dams, Wears & Kedles set across the River Schuylkill.

1791 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. W. Eng. (1796) II. 256 The [Salmon] weir,..consists of a strong dam or breastwork, ten or twelve feet high, thrown across the river.

1859 R. F. Burton Lake Regions Central Afr. in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 29 81 (note) The Wigo, or weir, is like that of Western India.

1894 Outing Feb. 401/1 Close to the weir—a kind of circular fish-trap made by driving stakes into the bottom close together.

figurative.1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke v. f. 4–7 Satan hath fishers of his owne too: who dooe..towle theim into the were and nette of damnacion.β. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 7 The people were fled, but their wires afforded vs fish.1638 J. Suckling Aglaura v. 35 Like wanton Salmons comming in with flouds, That leap o're wyres and nets, and make their way.1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World v. 106 They carry them alive to Jamaica, where the Turtlers have wires made with Stakes in the Sea to preserve them alive.

b. A weel for catching fish. †Also Heraldry, a representation of this, borne as a charge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fish-trap > [noun] > basket

bow-neta1000

leapc1000

weel1256

willow1385

pichea1398

cruive14..

creel1457

coop1469

butt1533

hive1533

wilger1542

fish-pota1555

pota1555

loup1581

leap weel1601

willy1602

putt1610

leap-head1611

weir1611

putcher1781

fish-coop1803

fishing box1861

crib1873

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of implements > [noun] > fish-trap

weir1611

weel1688

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Boissel d'ozier, A weele, or weere of Ozier twigs.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xvi. 80/1 He beareth Azure, a Weele with its hoope vpward, Or. This is also termed a Fishard, or a Ware.

1834 J. G. Whittier Mogg Megone 841 The clear stream where The idle fisher sets his weir.

1845 Peter Parley's Ann. 51 A weir is a basket loose and open at one end, and smaller at the other, into which the fish were driven.

3. A pond or pool. Obsolete exc. dialect.For the forms wayre, wair see wayour n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun]

pooleOE

seathc950

lakea1000

flosha1300

stanga1300

weira1300

water poolc1325

carrc1330

stamp1338

stank1338

ponda1387

flashc1440

stagnec1470

peel?a1500

sole15..

danka1522

linn1577

sound1581

flake1598

still1681

slew1708

splash1760

watering hole1776

vlei1793

jheel1805

slougha1817

sipe1825

a1300 E.E. Psalter cvi. 35 He set in weres ofe watres [L. in stagna aquarum] wildernes.

c1450 Mirk's Festial 143 And soo was hit hyd þer yn [to] þe tyme þat byschopys of þe tempull let make a were [v.r. wayre] yn þe same plas, forto wasch schepe yn.

1657 J. Watts Scribe, Pharisee 31 To make choise of a common Pond or Weyr to dip your two new converted holy Sisters in.

1673 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 79 Were or wair, a pond or pool of water.

1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness Weir, a pond.

4. local.

a. A fence or embankment to prevent the encroachment of a river or sea-sand, or to turn the course of a stream.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > embankment or dam > [noun]

wharf1038

causeyc1330

wall1330

bulwark1555

scut1561

weir1599

mound1613

staithe1613

breastwork1641

embankment1786

bund1813

sheath1850

fleet-dyke1858

sheathing1867

causeway1878

flood-bank1928

stopbank1950

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 22 The burdensome detrimentes of our hauen, which euery twelue-month deuoures a Iustice of peace liuing, in weares and banckes to beate off the sand.

1680 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1889) VIII. Roger Beckwith..and other of the adjoyning neighbours have taken care to make a weare to keep the said river in its antient channel.

1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ Weer, an embankment against its [sc. a river's] encroachment.

1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) Were,..an embankment to prevent the encroachment, or turn the course of a stream.

1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Wear, weir, a structure of stone mixed with rice (brushwood) for protecting a bank from the wash of a stream.

b. (See quot. 1894.)

ΚΠ

1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Wear, Weer, the landing place and fishing ground at a salmon-net fishery.

5. Scottish. A hedge. (Cf. wear v.¹ 23.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > a barrier > [noun] > hedge or fence > a hedge

hedge785

hedge-fence1662

weir1789

1789 D. Davidson Thoughts Seasons 51 Now weir an' fence o' wattl'd rice, The hained fields inclose.

a1894 J. Shaw in R. Wallace Country Schoolmaster (1899) 355 Weir,..a hedge.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

weir-bank n.

ΚΠ

1583 Inquisition before Commissioners of Sewers for County of Lincoln (1851) 16 That all weare banks & all other Bankes heretofore in Commission..& all close ditches & draines..shall be ditched sufficiently before Michaelmasse.

weir-bridge n.

ΚΠ

1848 C. Kingsley Yeast in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 197/1 He found on the weir-bridge two of the keepers.

weir-dam n.

ΚΠ

1793 R. Mylne Rep. Surv. Thames improving Navigation 22 Without a Lock in the said Cut, or a Weir-dam in the bed of the River.

weir-frame n.

ΚΠ

1902 C. J. Cornish Naturalist on Thames 6 The holes and angles of the weir-frame.

weir-head n.

ΚΠ

1814 W. Scott Waverley I. ix. 115 A large brook..leapt in tumult over a strong dam, or wear-head .

weir-hole n.

ΚΠ

1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua 610 Ware~hole, Weirhole, a hole into which the back water of a mill stream falls.

weir-pile n.

ΚΠ

1864 G. Meredith Emilia in Eng. I. xx. 292 She saw the white weir-piles shining.

weir-pool n.

ΚΠ

1889 ‘J. Bickerdyke’ Bk. All-round Angler (new ed.) iii. 90 A man taking a chance day on the Thames has small chance of success unless he sticks to the weirpools.

weir-side n.

ΚΠ

1913 E. F. Benson Thorley Weir ii. 63 Only this morning by the weir-side he had found a gem of very pure ray.

weir-stream n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > other

well streamOE

letch1138

well strandc1429

pow1481

black water1483

wash1530

gravel-brook1591

spring branch1650

pour1790

water splash1820

chalk stream1829

understream1830

water feeder1831

quebrada1833

black spring1847

weir-stream1889

obsequent1895

anti-dip1900

resequent1901

misfit1910

1889 J. K. Jerome Three Men in Boat ix. 143 We might have somehow got into the weir stream, and be making for the falls.

1900 Daily News 1 Jan. 8/7 The well-known weir stream which skirts the grounds of Eton College.

weir-keeper n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker in specific place > [noun] > who attends to weir or sluice

weir-keeper1791

sluicer1873

1791 R. Mylne 2nd Rep. Navigation Thames 15 By disuniting the Care of the Pound Locks from the Miller and the Wear-Keeper.

1881 Taunt's Thames Map 66/1 The weir-keeper is another old hand on the river.

weir-owner n.

ΚΠ

1610 R. Vaughan Most Approved Water-workes H i b Weare-owners.

C2.

weir-boat n. a boat kept at a weir for the use of the weir-keeper.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > others spec.

weir-boat1436

monkey boat1813

night boat1839

commodore1847

sneak-boat1850

pitch-boat1867

press boat1870

love boat1913

patrol craft1919

refueller1929

gin palace1949

bumboat1972

1436 Catal. Anc. Deeds IV. 273 (A. 8182) [Two boats called the] feriboot [and] a wereboot.

† weir-dike n. Obsolete a bank that serves as a dam.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > dam

clowa1250

head?a1425

damc1440

weir-dike1518

bay1581

rampirea1586

anicut1784

pond-bay1863

1518 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 130 A lytull grownde inclosyd in the fenne by Reasun of makyng of a Weyre dyke.

weir-hatch n. [hatch n.¹ 3] the flood-gate or sluice of a weir.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > gate, lock, or sluice

hatchOE

clowa1250

lock1261

water lock1261

sluice1340

water gate1390

sewer-gate1402

spay1415

floodgatec1440

shuttlec1440

spayer1450

gate1496

falling gate1524

spoye1528

gote1531

penstock1542

ventil1570

drawgate1587

flood-hatch1587

turnpike1623

slaker1664

lock gate1677

hatchway1705

flash1768

turnpike-lock1771

sluice-gate1781

pound-lock1783

stop-gate1790

buck gate1791

slacker1797

aboiteau1802

koker1814

guard-lock1815

falling sluice1819

lasher1840

fender1847

tailgate1875

weir-hatch1875

wicket1875

1875 T. Hardy in Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 553 As when a weir-hatch is drawn, Her tears..Wi' a rushing of sobs in a torrent were strawn.

weir-heck n. see heck n.¹ 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fish-trap > [noun] > weir

heck1424

weir-heckc1467

ebbing-weir1472

strite1537

ebbing-lock1539

stell yair1600

hedge1653

weir house1791

the Queen's share?1795

c1467–9 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 641 Pro extraccione et imposicione lez stapyls pro le Warehek molendini.

weir-hedge n. a bank made on each side of a river to narrow and deepen its water.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > action of river > [noun] > structure to narrow river

weir-hedge1819

1819 A. Rees Cycl. VI. at Canal Jetties, or Weir-hedges have formerly been made, for diminishing the width of the river below the several shoals.

† weir-hook n. Obsolete (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > other fishing equipment > [noun] > prongs or hooks for landing fish

grab-hook1608

gaff1656

weir-hook1688

pew1765

click-hookc1810

picaroon1837

gaff-hook1844

pew-gaffa1884

fish-gaff1887

snigger1901

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xvi. 86/2 A Weare, or fish cage hooke. It is a large and strong Iron hooke with a sockett at the end, to be fixed on a long pole, or staffe, to take fish out of weares or cages.

weir house n. a trap for salmon at a salmon weir.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fish-trap > [noun] > weir

heck1424

weir-heckc1467

ebbing-weir1472

strite1537

ebbing-lock1539

stell yair1600

hedge1653

weir house1791

the Queen's share?1795

1791 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. W. Eng. (1796) II. 256 The [Salmon] weir,..consists of a strong dam... At one end of the dam, is a ‘weir house’ or trap.

† weir-net n. Obsolete a net for taking fish at or from a weir.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > [noun] > other nets

Peter netc1280

flue1388

wade1388

stalker1389

shove-net1418

trod-net1523

butt1533

web1533

fagnet1558

seur1558

trimnet1558

trollnet1558

pot-net1584

treat net1584

weir-net1585

hagan1630

henbilt1630

rugnet1630

basket-net1652

landing-net1653

stream-net1662

wolf1725

ram's horn1792

gill net1795

wolf-net1819

trap-net1856

forewheel1861

stow-net1871

lave net1875

kettle-bail1881

beating-net1883

keeve-net1883

net basin1883

wing-neta1884

trap-seine1891

lead-net1910

ghost net1959

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 256/2 Excipulus,..a weare net.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 18 In September they take in Weeles and Weere-nets an incredible number of most sweete and savery eeles.

1656 tr. J. A. Comenius Latinæ Linguæ Janua Reserata: Gate Lat. Tongue Unlocked xxxvi. §358 Part hee shutteth up in repositories, from whence when there is need hee taketh them out with a warenet.

weir-shot net n. a fishing net that is shot or cast in a circular form, used in salmon fisheries on the Tweed (see quot. 1855).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > [noun] > net for salmon

stell-netc1303

ring net1505

weir-shot net1855

reef net1895

1855 Archæologia Æliana 4 302 The wear-shot net is rowed by means of a boat into the river in a circular form, and is immediately drawn to the shore.

1857 Local Act 20 & 21 Victoria c. cxlviii. §62 Every Person who shall shoot or work any Wear Shot Net in the River within the Distance of Thirty Yards of any other Wear Shot Net.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	weir
释义	weirn. /wɪə/ Forms: α. Old English–Middle English wer, Middle English–1700s were, Middle English werre, Middle English–1600s weere, Middle English–1700s weer; Middle English, 1600s ware, 1500s–1700s weare, 1600s–1800s wear; 1500s–1600s weire, weyre, 1600s– weir; 1500s–1700s wier. β. 1500s–1600s wyre, (1600s wyer), 1600s–1700s wire. Etymology: Old English wer (masculine), = Old Saxon werr , Middle Low German wer , weer , weir , were (Low German wêr , were ), Middle High German wer , were (German wehr , †währ ; dialect wier ) neuter, < the stem of Old English werian to dam up: see were n.⁴Old Icelandic vǫr, var-, landing-place, is possibly related. Normally the standard modern form would have been wear/wɛə(r)/; this is represented by the dialectal wair, ware. The late variant wire is difficult to account for. 1. a. A barrier or dam to restrain water, esp. one placed across a river or canal in order to raise or divert the water for driving a mill-wheel; also, the body of water retained by this means, a mill-dam; now gen., a dam, of which there are various forms, constructed on the reaches of a canal or navigable river, to retain the water and regulate its flow. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water weirc897 dama1340 millpond1371 pound1535 pent1587 water-shut1613 tumbling-bay1724 backwater1788 pen pond1904 the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > weir weirc897 stagne1636 lasher1858 α. c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxviii. 279 Se se ðe ðone wer bricð, & ðæt wæter utforlæt, se bið fruma ðæs geflites. c1460 Oseney Reg. 30 With all dwellynges þe which been vppon the were of þe milles. 1482 W. Caxton Higden's Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 543 The mayer of London..and the comynalte dyde do brake vp al the weerys that were bytwene Medewey and Kyngeston. 1491 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) 373 To arrest ther mill horses,..and to kepe them..tyll they..make the saide werre. a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) IV. 71 A Damme or Were to serve the Kinges Milles a litle lower then the Dammes. 1583 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 434 A locke or weare by Rewlie lock, to bende the water in sommer and to drawe uppe in wynter. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler iii. 89 [The trout] wil about (especially before) the time of his Spawning, get almost miraculously through Weires and Floud-Gates against the stream. View more context for this quotation 1695 Act 6 & 7 Will. III c. 16 (title) An Act to prevent Exactions of the Occupiers of Locks and Wears upon the River of Thames Westward. 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 170 A Weer or Stop upon the River, made to raise the Water for the Barges which go up and down the River. 1787 A. Young Jrnl. 14 June in Trav. France (1792) i. 21 The navigation of the river in the town being absolutely impeded by the wear which is made across it in favour of the corn mills. 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon xii. 314 There are no other reservoirs than those which are formed by the dams or weirs by which the streams are raised for the purpose. 1859 H. Kingsley Recoll. G. Hamlyn xiii I'm the best swimmer in Devon. That was proved by my living in that weir in flood time. 1866 M. Arnold Thyrsis ii, in Macmillan's Mag. Apr. 449 The Vale, the three lone wears, the youthful Thames. 1877 T. H. Huxley Physiography 3 About 380 million gallons flow over the weir every four-and-twenty hours. β. a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 203 A good kiln ought to have such a draught as to roar like wires on a river.1758 R. Griffiths Descr. Thames 160 Farmer's Wires or Weirs..Day's Wires, [etc.].1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 33 There was..a Wire or a Stone Dike almost quite a-cross the River.1875 H. R. Robertson Life Upper Thames 40 A boat descending the stream meets with no impediment till it reaches the dam or ‘weir’ (pronounced ‘wire’ by the riverside people), as it is technically called. b. Heraldry. A charge representing a weir. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > other heraldic representations > [noun] > weir weir1780 1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.) Weare, Weir, or Dam, in Fesse. It is made with stakes and osier twigs, wattled or interwoven as a fence against water. 2. a. A fence or enclosure of stakes made in a river, harbour, etc., for taking or preserving fish. (Cf. fish-weir n. at fish n.¹ Compounds 2b.)In Old English also used to render Latin captura in the sense of a ‘catch’ of fish. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > fish-keeping, farming, or breeding > [noun] > fish-weir or -garth weir839 fish-weirc1000 yair1178 fishgarth1454 eel-bed1483 water frith1584 frith1602 garth1609 fish-lock1661 crawl1682 fish-yard1685 fishing-pen1791 eelery1854 fishing-weir1870 crib1873 ark1883 kiddle1891 α. 839 in Birch Cartul. Sax. I. 598 Twygen weoras in fluvio qui dicitur Stur. 901 in Birch Cartul. Sax. II. 247 An wer on Ycenan. 996 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. VI. 136 Ðes healfan weres æt Brægentforda. 1052–67 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 211 Al ðare þinge ðe ðarto mid richte gebirð..on waterin and on weren. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 963 Þa twa dæl of Witlesmere mid watres & mid wæres & feonnes. a1200 in Birch Cartul. Sax. I. 171 In captura..piscium quæ terræ illi adjacet, ubi sunt scilicet duo quod nostratim dicitur Weres. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 35 As why this fish, and nought that, cometh to were. c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iii. xxv. 150 It is maad as a were for fysh; Entree ther is, but issue nouht. 1459 Rolls of Parl. V. 365/2 And a were called Petersam were..to be had for evermore to the seid Priour and Monkes. 1523 Act 14 & 15 Hen. VIII c. 13 Diuers weres & ingins for fisshynge, made & leuied in the same hauen. 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xii. xvii. 265 [He] robbed a millers weire, and stole all his eeles. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. v. 155 The delicate..Golden-Eye Kept in a Weyre; the widest space doth spie. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 808 A very goodly Weare for the catching of Salmons. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xvi. 465 Their only food is a small sort of Fish, which they get by making Wares of stone, across little Coves, or branches of the Sea. 1724 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) III. 233 An act for demolishing..Fishing Dams, Wears & Kedles set across the River Schuylkill. 1791 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. W. Eng. (1796) II. 256 The [Salmon] weir,..consists of a strong dam or breastwork, ten or twelve feet high, thrown across the river. 1859 R. F. Burton Lake Regions Central Afr. in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 29 81 (note) The Wigo, or weir, is like that of Western India. 1894 Outing Feb. 401/1 Close to the weir—a kind of circular fish-trap made by driving stakes into the bottom close together. figurative.1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke v. f. 4–7 Satan hath fishers of his owne too: who dooe..towle theim into the were and nette of damnacion.β. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 7 The people were fled, but their wires afforded vs fish.1638 J. Suckling Aglaura v. 35 Like wanton Salmons comming in with flouds, That leap o're wyres and nets, and make their way.1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World v. 106 They carry them alive to Jamaica, where the Turtlers have wires made with Stakes in the Sea to preserve them alive. b. A weel for catching fish. †Also Heraldry, a representation of this, borne as a charge. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fish-trap > [noun] > basket bow-neta1000 leapc1000 weel1256 willow1385 pichea1398 cruive14.. creel1457 coop1469 butt1533 hive1533 wilger1542 fish-pota1555 pota1555 loup1581 leap weel1601 willy1602 putt1610 leap-head1611 weir1611 putcher1781 fish-coop1803 fishing box1861 crib1873 society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of implements > [noun] > fish-trap weir1611 weel1688 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Boissel d'ozier, A weele, or weere of Ozier twigs. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xvi. 80/1 He beareth Azure, a Weele with its hoope vpward, Or. This is also termed a Fishard, or a Ware. 1834 J. G. Whittier Mogg Megone 841 The clear stream where The idle fisher sets his weir. 1845 Peter Parley's Ann. 51 A weir is a basket loose and open at one end, and smaller at the other, into which the fish were driven. 3. A pond or pool. Obsolete exc. dialect.For the forms wayre, wair see wayour n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] pooleOE seathc950 lakea1000 flosha1300 stanga1300 weira1300 water poolc1325 carrc1330 stamp1338 stank1338 ponda1387 flashc1440 stagnec1470 peel?a1500 sole15.. danka1522 linn1577 sound1581 flake1598 still1681 slew1708 splash1760 watering hole1776 vlei1793 jheel1805 slougha1817 sipe1825 a1300 E.E. Psalter cvi. 35 He set in weres ofe watres [L. in stagna aquarum] wildernes. c1450 Mirk's Festial 143 And soo was hit hyd þer yn [to] þe tyme þat byschopys of þe tempull let make a were [v.r. wayre] yn þe same plas, forto wasch schepe yn. 1657 J. Watts Scribe, Pharisee 31 To make choise of a common Pond or Weyr to dip your two new converted holy Sisters in. 1673 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 79 Were or wair, a pond or pool of water. 1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness Weir, a pond. 4. local. a. A fence or embankment to prevent the encroachment of a river or sea-sand, or to turn the course of a stream. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > embankment or dam > [noun] wharf1038 causeyc1330 wall1330 bulwark1555 scut1561 weir1599 mound1613 staithe1613 breastwork1641 embankment1786 bund1813 sheath1850 fleet-dyke1858 sheathing1867 causeway1878 flood-bank1928 stopbank1950 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 22 The burdensome detrimentes of our hauen, which euery twelue-month deuoures a Iustice of peace liuing, in weares and banckes to beate off the sand. 1680 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1889) VIII. Roger Beckwith..and other of the adjoyning neighbours have taken care to make a weare to keep the said river in its antient channel. 1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ Weer, an embankment against its [sc. a river's] encroachment. 1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) Were,..an embankment to prevent the encroachment, or turn the course of a stream. 1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Wear, weir, a structure of stone mixed with rice (brushwood) for protecting a bank from the wash of a stream. b. (See quot. 1894.) ΚΠ 1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Wear, Weer, the landing place and fishing ground at a salmon-net fishery. 5. Scottish. A hedge. (Cf. wear v.¹ 23.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > a barrier > [noun] > hedge or fence > a hedge hedge785 hedge-fence1662 weir1789 1789 D. Davidson Thoughts Seasons 51 Now weir an' fence o' wattl'd rice, The hained fields inclose. a1894 J. Shaw in R. Wallace Country Schoolmaster (1899) 355 Weir,..a hedge. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. weir-bank n. ΚΠ 1583 Inquisition before Commissioners of Sewers for County of Lincoln (1851) 16 That all weare banks & all other Bankes heretofore in Commission..& all close ditches & draines..shall be ditched sufficiently before Michaelmasse. weir-bridge n. ΚΠ 1848 C. Kingsley Yeast in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 197/1 He found on the weir-bridge two of the keepers. weir-dam n. ΚΠ 1793 R. Mylne Rep. Surv. Thames improving Navigation 22 Without a Lock in the said Cut, or a Weir-dam in the bed of the River. weir-frame n. ΚΠ 1902 C. J. Cornish Naturalist on Thames 6 The holes and angles of the weir-frame. weir-head n. ΚΠ 1814 W. Scott Waverley I. ix. 115 A large brook..leapt in tumult over a strong dam, or wear-head . View more context for this quotation weir-hole n. ΚΠ 1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua 610 Ware~hole, Weirhole, a hole into which the back water of a mill stream falls. weir-pile n. ΚΠ 1864 G. Meredith Emilia in Eng. I. xx. 292 She saw the white weir-piles shining. weir-pool n. ΚΠ 1889 ‘J. Bickerdyke’ Bk. All-round Angler (new ed.) iii. 90 A man taking a chance day on the Thames has small chance of success unless he sticks to the weirpools. weir-side n. ΚΠ 1913 E. F. Benson Thorley Weir ii. 63 Only this morning by the weir-side he had found a gem of very pure ray. weir-stream n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > other well streamOE letch1138 well strandc1429 pow1481 black water1483 wash1530 gravel-brook1591 spring branch1650 pour1790 water splash1820 chalk stream1829 understream1830 water feeder1831 quebrada1833 black spring1847 weir-stream1889 obsequent1895 anti-dip1900 resequent1901 misfit1910 1889 J. K. Jerome Three Men in Boat ix. 143 We might have somehow got into the weir stream, and be making for the falls. 1900 Daily News 1 Jan. 8/7 The well-known weir stream which skirts the grounds of Eton College. b. weir-keeper n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker in specific place > [noun] > who attends to weir or sluice weir-keeper1791 sluicer1873 1791 R. Mylne 2nd Rep. Navigation Thames 15 By disuniting the Care of the Pound Locks from the Miller and the Wear-Keeper. 1881 Taunt's Thames Map 66/1 The weir-keeper is another old hand on the river. weir-owner n. ΚΠ 1610 R. Vaughan Most Approved Water-workes H i b Weare-owners. C2. weir-boat n. a boat kept at a weir for the use of the weir-keeper. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > others spec. weir-boat1436 monkey boat1813 night boat1839 commodore1847 sneak-boat1850 pitch-boat1867 press boat1870 love boat1913 patrol craft1919 refueller1929 gin palace1949 bumboat1972 1436 Catal. Anc. Deeds IV. 273 (A. 8182) [Two boats called the] feriboot [and] a wereboot. † weir-dike n. Obsolete a bank that serves as a dam. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > dam clowa1250 head?a1425 damc1440 weir-dike1518 bay1581 rampirea1586 anicut1784 pond-bay1863 1518 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 130 A lytull grownde inclosyd in the fenne by Reasun of makyng of a Weyre dyke. weir-hatch n. [hatch n.¹ 3] the flood-gate or sluice of a weir. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > gate, lock, or sluice hatchOE clowa1250 lock1261 water lock1261 sluice1340 water gate1390 sewer-gate1402 spay1415 floodgatec1440 shuttlec1440 spayer1450 gate1496 falling gate1524 spoye1528 gote1531 penstock1542 ventil1570 drawgate1587 flood-hatch1587 turnpike1623 slaker1664 lock gate1677 hatchway1705 flash1768 turnpike-lock1771 sluice-gate1781 pound-lock1783 stop-gate1790 buck gate1791 slacker1797 aboiteau1802 koker1814 guard-lock1815 falling sluice1819 lasher1840 fender1847 tailgate1875 weir-hatch1875 wicket1875 1875 T. Hardy in Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 553 As when a weir-hatch is drawn, Her tears..Wi' a rushing of sobs in a torrent were strawn. weir-heck n. see heck n.¹ 2. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fish-trap > [noun] > weir heck1424 weir-heckc1467 ebbing-weir1472 strite1537 ebbing-lock1539 stell yair1600 hedge1653 weir house1791 the Queen's share?1795 c1467–9 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 641 Pro extraccione et imposicione lez stapyls pro le Warehek molendini. weir-hedge n. a bank made on each side of a river to narrow and deepen its water. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > action of river > [noun] > structure to narrow river weir-hedge1819 1819 A. Rees Cycl. VI. at Canal Jetties, or Weir-hedges have formerly been made, for diminishing the width of the river below the several shoals. † weir-hook n. Obsolete (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > other fishing equipment > [noun] > prongs or hooks for landing fish grab-hook1608 gaff1656 weir-hook1688 pew1765 click-hookc1810 picaroon1837 gaff-hook1844 pew-gaffa1884 fish-gaff1887 snigger1901 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xvi. 86/2 A Weare, or fish cage hooke. It is a large and strong Iron hooke with a sockett at the end, to be fixed on a long pole, or staffe, to take fish out of weares or cages. weir house n. a trap for salmon at a salmon weir. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fish-trap > [noun] > weir heck1424 weir-heckc1467 ebbing-weir1472 strite1537 ebbing-lock1539 stell yair1600 hedge1653 weir house1791 the Queen's share?1795 1791 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. W. Eng. (1796) II. 256 The [Salmon] weir,..consists of a strong dam... At one end of the dam, is a ‘weir house’ or trap. † weir-net n. Obsolete a net for taking fish at or from a weir. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > [noun] > other nets Peter netc1280 flue1388 wade1388 stalker1389 shove-net1418 trod-net1523 butt1533 web1533 fagnet1558 seur1558 trimnet1558 trollnet1558 pot-net1584 treat net1584 weir-net1585 hagan1630 henbilt1630 rugnet1630 basket-net1652 landing-net1653 stream-net1662 wolf1725 ram's horn1792 gill net1795 wolf-net1819 trap-net1856 forewheel1861 stow-net1871 lave net1875 kettle-bail1881 beating-net1883 keeve-net1883 net basin1883 wing-neta1884 trap-seine1891 lead-net1910 ghost net1959 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 256/2 Excipulus,..a weare net. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 18 In September they take in Weeles and Weere-nets an incredible number of most sweete and savery eeles. 1656 tr. J. A. Comenius Latinæ Linguæ Janua Reserata: Gate Lat. Tongue Unlocked xxxvi. §358 Part hee shutteth up in repositories, from whence when there is need hee taketh them out with a warenet. weir-shot net n. a fishing net that is shot or cast in a circular form, used in salmon fisheries on the Tweed (see quot. 1855). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > [noun] > net for salmon stell-netc1303 ring net1505 weir-shot net1855 reef net1895 1855 Archæologia Æliana 4 302 The wear-shot net is rowed by means of a boat into the river in a circular form, and is immediately drawn to the shore. 1857 Local Act 20 & 21 Victoria c. cxlviii. §62 Every Person who shall shoot or work any Wear Shot Net in the River within the Distance of Thirty Yards of any other Wear Shot Net. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online March 2022). weirv. Brit. /wɪə/, U.S. /wɪ(ə)r/ Etymology: < weir n. transitive. To provide with a weir. Also, to dam up with a weir. Chiefly in past participle. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [verb (transitive)] > impound water > provide with a weir weir1610 1610 R. Vaughan Most Approved Water-workes G 2 b The Riuer of Wie..was.. so Weared & fortified, as if the Salmons therein..had been forbidden their vsuall walkes. 1794 W. Marshall in Rural Econ. W. Eng. (1796) II. 289 Hitherto, piles and planks had been used, to confine the rapid Tavey within its channel; much valuable timber having been used,..in ‘weiring’. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Weer, to make a protection of a bank. 1904 Times 13 Feb. 13/6 The main channel was locked and weired for navigation. 1920 Nature 105 299/1 The restoration of the Kalahari and Ovamboland plains by weiring up the outlets on the north [etc.]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.839v.1610
随便看	sandaling sandalled sandalling sandalmark sandals sandalshoe sandaltree sandalwood sandalwood english sandalwood oil sandalwoods sandalwort sandapile sandarac sandaracs sandawe sandawes sandbadger sandbag sandbagged sandbagger sandbaggers sandbagging sandbags sandbaked

weirn.

Compounds

weirv.