wealn.¹

Brit.

/wiːl/, U.S.

/wil/

Forms: Old English–Middle English wela; Old English weola (Middle English weolla), Middle English weole (Middle English wole); Old English weala (Middle English wale); Middle English–1500s wele (Middle English wel, well), Middle English–1500s weel(e (Middle English weell), Middle English weyle; ScottishMiddle English–1500s weile (1500s weille), Middle English–1600s weill, weil (1500s veill, veil), 1500s weyll, 1700s weel; 1500s–1600s weale, 1500s– weal.

Etymology: Old English wela (weola , weala ) weak masculine = Old Saxon welo , Old High German wolo < Old Germanic *welon- , < root *wel- : see well adv. and n.⁴The 14th cent. northern form wel (well ) is merely a variant spelling, and the length of the vowel is proved by rhymes; but from the 15th cent. in midland and southern texts a real confusion between wēle and wĕl appears, owing to the currency of double forms of the adverb ‘well’. In consequence of this the noun is sometimes written wel , well , or welle , and in this form is latterly identified in pronunciation with the adverb. (For examples see well n.²) On the other hand the adverb in the form wele or weele has influenced the meaning of the noun in sense 4 below, and probably contributed to its use in sense 3 (and in weal-public n.) as an equivalent of Latin bonum and French bien.

†1.

a. Wealth, riches, possessions. Obsolete (as distinct from 2).Often world-weal, world's weal, worldly weal.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > wealth > wealth or riches > [noun]

wealc888

ednessa1200

richessea1200

richdomc1225

richesses?c1225

wealtha1275

richesc1275

winc1275

warison1297

wonea1300

merchandisec1300

aver1330

richesc1330

substancea1382

abundancec1384

suffisance1390

talenta1400

pelf?a1505

opulence?1518

wealthsa1533

money bag1562

capital1569

opulency1584

affluency1591

affluence1593

exuberance1675

nabobism1784

money1848

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xi. §1 Ac for bearnleste eallne þone welan þe hi gegaderigað hi lætað fræmdum to brucanne.

971 Blickl. Hom. 197 Se man ahte mycelne welan.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 147 Þe world bit ma ȝiscinde wordes. weole & wurchipe.

a1250 Prov. Ælfred 120 Wyþ-vte wysdome is weole wel vnwurþ.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3855 For eowre muchele wurð-scipe weole ȝe scullen habben.

1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 32 For what richesse, rink, vs miȝht þou bireue, Whan no wordliche wele is wiþ us founde?

c1400 26 Pol. Poems viii. 68 Beter is litel ryȝtwys wonne..Þan..Wiþouten desert take pore mennys wele.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. i. sig. Ai^v In our olde vulgare, profite is called weale.

1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. E2^v Behold with ruthfull eyes, Thy parents robd of all their worldly weale, By subtile meanes of Usurie and guile.

1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella I. i. i. 15 He paid the usual penalty of such indifference to worldly weal, by seeing himself eventually stripped of his lordly possessions.

†b. plural. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iv. xi. 294 Ond he sundorliif & munucliif wæs forebeorende allum þam weolum & arum þæs eorðlecan riices.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) viii. 14 Þæt synd þa ðe..of welum [L. divitiis] & of lustum þyses lifes synd forþrysmode.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 111 Ðu gederast mare and mare..and þine welan forrotiað beforan þine ehȝan.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4503 Man þat weltres in his welis And, thoru his welth, na fautes felis.

1543 R. Record Ground of Artes B iij b How many waies also Arithmetike is conducible for al priuat weales of Lordes and all possessioners.

1628 W. Pemble Salomons Recant. 24 Dislike and Hatred of all his magnificent workes, weales, possessions and pleasures.

†c. Pomp, splendour, rich array. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [noun] > magnificence

thrumOE

prideOE

wealc1290

noblessec1330

pompc1330

statec1330

nobletya1387

royaltyc1405

magnificence?1435

gloriousnessc1440

pompousness1447

noblenessc1450

pomperyc1460

triumpha1513

princeliness1545

gorgeousness1549

jollity1549

stateliness1556

proudnessa1586

royalitya1607

splendour1616

grandeur1652

superbiousness1654

splendidnessa1657

lustre1658

superbness1779

pompa1783

splendaciousness1853

magnoliousness1921

c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 264/123 For no Monuk ne scholde gon out þar-of, þe worldes weole to seo.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 37 This duc..Whanne he was come almoost to the town In al his wele and in his mooste pryde.

†d. Stores, supplies. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > that which is supplied > supplies

warnestorea1300

astorec1330

chevisancec1385

weala1400

supply1510

supply1512

furniture1549

furnishments1559

loana1578

suppeditaments1599

foisona1616

store1636

wanigan1889

a1400 Coer de L. 4786 Agaynes hem comen her naveye, Cogges, and dromoundes, many galeye,..That were chargyd with al weel, With armour and with other vytayle.

c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 824 He lette ordeyne shypus fele, And fylled hem fulle of wordes wele, Hys men mery wyth to make.

a. Welfare, well-being, happiness, prosperity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun]

selthc888

healc950

wealOE

goder-heala1225

prosperity?c1225

wealtha1300

statec1300

healtha1325

welfare1357

theedom1362

wealfulnessc1374

bonchiefa1387

felicity1393

boota1400

wella1400

wealsc1400

well-doingc1440

prosperancea1460

happiness?1473

quartfulness1483

brightnessa1500

goodnessa1500

sonsea1500

thriftiness?1529

prosperation1543

well-being1561

prosperousness1600

fair world1641

thrivingness1818

goldenness1829

palminess1875

OE Genesis 431 Siððan bið him se wela onwended and wyrð him wite gegearwod.

a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1086 Eala hu leas & hu unwrest is þysses middaneardes wela.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 144 Alle þilke fondunges..wendeð efterward to weole & to blisse.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5184 He heom wolden mucle wele & wurð-scipe itæchen.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 809 Abram let loth in welðe and wale.

a1400 Guy Warw. 822 Wele is him þat it winne may.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 2237 For now is Palamon in alle wele.

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 67 I am right ioyous of thy wele and worship.

1491 Act 7 Hen. VII c. 12 Preamble Dedis of charite..to be doon for him..for the wele of his soule.

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Rom. vi. f. xv Ye nowe are become Christes seruauntes, whose seruice is all weale and blisse.

1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 12 I take goodnesse in this sence, the affecting of the Weale of men, which is that the Græcians call Philanthropia.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 165 To read Masse or Dirigies for the weale of his soule after his decease.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel vi. xxviii. 189 And monks should sing, and bells should toll, All for the weal of Michael's soul.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 349 The flux..becomes a condition of the corporeal weal.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 43 I doubted whether filial tenderness, Or easy nature, did not let itself Be moulded by your wishes for her weal.

b. frequently opposed to woe (†wowe).

ΚΠ

OE Genesis 466 Þæt þær yldo bearn moste on ceosan godes and yfeles, gumena æghwilc, welan and wawan.

c1200 Vices & Virtues 29 Ne on wele ne on wauȝhe.

a1250 Prov. Ælfred 142 For God may yeue, þenne he wule, god after vuele, weole after wowe.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2777 For wel ne for wo.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 202–4.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4054 His waa, his well, yee sal here bath.

a1450 (?c1350) Pride of Life l. 376 in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 100 Þer is dred and sorow And wo wytoutin wel.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur i. xii. 51 How they sware that for wele nor woo they shold not leue other.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H3^v But welcome now my Lord, in wele or woe.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 638 Thine and of all thy Sons The weal or woe in thee is plac't.

1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st xxxi. 16 All human weal and wo learn thou to make thine own.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iv. v. 133 ‘Come weal, come woe, by Bruce's side,’ Replied the Chief, ‘will Ronald bide.’

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cxxvii. 199 Dear friend, far off, my lost desire, So far, so near in woe and weal .

1863 M. E. Braddon Aurora Floyd II. ii. 30 Impulsive and impetuous, she had always taken her own course, whether for weal or woe.

1897 Queen Victoria in Daily News 17 July 5/4 In weal and woe I have ever had the true sympathy of all my people.

†c. plural. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun]

selthc888

healc950

wealOE

goder-heala1225

prosperity?c1225

wealtha1300

statec1300

healtha1325

welfare1357

theedom1362

wealfulnessc1374

bonchiefa1387

felicity1393

boota1400

wella1400

wealsc1400

well-doingc1440

prosperancea1460

happiness?1473

quartfulness1483

brightnessa1500

goodnessa1500

sonsea1500

thriftiness?1529

prosperation1543

well-being1561

prosperousness1600

fair world1641

thrivingness1818

goldenness1829

palminess1875

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 154 & euer me þoȝt I schulde not wonde For wo, þer welez so wynne wore.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 260/2 Thou arte begynnynge myddell and ende of alle weles and goodes.

c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 24 He [God] hath gyuen me more of weles than y haue or can deserue.

1544 Late Exped. Scotl. sig. D To proue whether the Scottes had yet learned by theyr importable losses lately chaunced to them to tendyr theyr owne weales by true and reasonable vnytynge & adioynyng them selues to the kynges maiesties louyng liege people.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 156 Nor regardyng..their awne weales and states, neyther the weales of their householdes, as their wiues, children, or friendes.

†d. applied to a person, as a source of felicity, or an object of delight. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [noun] > pleasing person

weala1225

pleaserc1447

agreeable1712

treat1825

nicey?1870

a fair treat1884

a1225 St. Marher. 8 Þu art iweddedes weole ant widewene warant.

a1240 Ureisun in Old Eng. Hom. I. 183 Ihesu mi weole, mi wunne.

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 288 O thou my wele, o thou my wo.

c1480 (a1400) St. Theodora 363 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 109 Þu art my welth & wele.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xii. 290 He is our lord and our wele, and therfore I praye you, fayr bredern, that ye wyll obeye hym.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos vi. 28 Sith that he hath..taken awaye hym whiche was alle my wele.

a. contextually. The welfare of a country or community; the general good. Often with defining word, as common, general, public, universal. See also commonweal n. 2, public n. 4a, weal-public n. 1. Now archaic.†Phr. the weal of peace = Old French le bien de paix.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > relation in respect of > general or public

wealth1390

common gooda1393

the sum of things?c1400

public good1427

commonweal1429

weal1444

commonwealtha1450

public weala1470

common publicc1475

weal-public1495

public wealth1541

public welfare1579

publica1586

public interest1591

the public (also general) concern1707

summa rerum1715

1444 Rolls of Parl. V. 121/1 Where afore this tyme for the wele of Peas, Tranquillite and gode Governance, bitwene the Baillifs and Cominalte of the Toun of Shroesbury, divers composicions were made bitwene hem.

1483 Eng. Gilds 335 To..the wele of the kyng our soueraygn lordez people.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour Proheme sig. aij Your graces moste beneuolent inclination towarde the vniuersall weale of your subiectes.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 146 It was agreed by the king..for his more suretie, and for the weale of the lande.

1643 in Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion (1703) II. vii. 325 As Enemies to the Weale of both Kingdoms.

1697 A. de la Pryme Diary 16 Sept. (1870) i. 150 Who vallues the weal politic above the ecclesiastic.

1730 J. Thomson Winter in Seasons 193 For thy country's weal.

1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iv. i. 111 This needful violence is for thy safety, No less than for the general weal.

1826 Mem. Hist. Soc. Pennsylvania I. 132 He appears in them as a watchful guardian of the domestic weal.

1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella III. ii. xxiii. 353 This enterprise, undertaken for the weal of the church.

1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. ix. 122 Thou..shouldst follow willingly Another's judgment when it best promotes The general weal.

b. Hence, a state, community; = commonweal n. 1 ? Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > [noun]

commonaltyc1300

commonweal?a1400

commonality?c1400

commonwealth1445

weal-public1495

weal1513

society1566

public1621

leviathan1651

community1737

general public1854

collectivity1881

(le) tout Paris1894

John Q.1922

Joe Citizen1932

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. vii. 92 Avys heiron amangis ȝou for the best, And help to bring our feble weill to rest.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccciiij For the uniuersall Christen weale [L. pro republica Christiana].

1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. ii. iii. 34 Wo to the weale where many Lawiers bee.

1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 102 We ought not to meruaile, if this weale haue florished now these 250. yeares in great reputation of armes and valor.

1608 T. Heywood Rape of Lucrece sig. B4^v Tarquins abilitie will in the weale, Beget a weake vnable impotence.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. ii. 27 Meet we the Med'cine of the sickly Weale .

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iii. i. 67 The speciall Watch-men of our English Weale .

1727 J. Gay Fables I. xvii. 58 If mindful of the bleating weal, Thy bosom burn with real zeal.

1763 C. Churchill Epist. to W. Hogarth 3 To enlarge the mind, Purge the sick weal, and humanize mankind.

†4.

a. Goodness, virtuous behaviour. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > [noun] > conduct

governancea1393

good-doing1499

wealc1500

manners1578

morality1616

c1500 Melusine (1895) 11 Yf that ye think theron but wele & honour.

c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 33 She wist wele that without grete nurture..he might not knowe the weelis and honoures that he coude.

c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 36 In his company, wheryn men may lerne bothe wele and honour.

†b. Good or honourable report. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > [noun]

nameOE

wordOE

honestya1382

rumoura1387

recommendation1433

wealc1500

wellc1500

credit1529

repute1598

renowna1616

recommends1623

commendation1631

character1649

merit1752

stock1930

c1500 Three Kings's Sons 133 For the grete weeles that euery man rehersed of you.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	weal
释义	wealn.¹ Brit. /wiːl/, U.S. /wil/ Forms: Old English–Middle English wela; Old English weola (Middle English weolla), Middle English weole (Middle English wole); Old English weala (Middle English wale); Middle English–1500s wele (Middle English wel, well), Middle English–1500s weel(e (Middle English weell), Middle English weyle; ScottishMiddle English–1500s weile (1500s weille), Middle English–1600s weill, weil (1500s veill, veil), 1500s weyll, 1700s weel; 1500s–1600s weale, 1500s– weal. Etymology: Old English wela (weola , weala ) weak masculine = Old Saxon welo , Old High German wolo < Old Germanic welon- , < root wel- : see well adv. and n.⁴The 14th cent. northern form wel (well ) is merely a variant spelling, and the length of the vowel is proved by rhymes; but from the 15th cent. in midland and southern texts a real confusion between wēle and wĕl appears, owing to the currency of double forms of the adverb ‘well’. In consequence of this the noun is sometimes written wel , well , or welle , and in this form is latterly identified in pronunciation with the adverb. (For examples see well n.²) On the other hand the adverb in the form wele or weele has influenced the meaning of the noun in sense 4 below, and probably contributed to its use in sense 3 (and in weal-public n.) as an equivalent of Latin bonum and French bien. †1. a. Wealth, riches, possessions. Obsolete (as distinct from 2).Often world-weal, world's weal, worldly weal. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > wealth > wealth or riches > [noun] wealc888 ednessa1200 richessea1200 richdomc1225 richesses?c1225 wealtha1275 richesc1275 winc1275 warison1297 wonea1300 merchandisec1300 aver1330 richesc1330 substancea1382 abundancec1384 suffisance1390 talenta1400 pelf?a1505 opulence?1518 wealthsa1533 money bag1562 capital1569 opulency1584 affluency1591 affluence1593 exuberance1675 nabobism1784 money1848 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xi. §1 Ac for bearnleste eallne þone welan þe hi gegaderigað hi lætað fræmdum to brucanne. 971 Blickl. Hom. 197 Se man ahte mycelne welan. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 147 Þe world bit ma ȝiscinde wordes. weole & wurchipe. a1250 Prov. Ælfred 120 Wyþ-vte wysdome is weole wel vnwurþ. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3855 For eowre muchele wurð-scipe weole ȝe scullen habben. 1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 32 For what richesse, rink, vs miȝht þou bireue, Whan no wordliche wele is wiþ us founde? c1400 26 Pol. Poems viii. 68 Beter is litel ryȝtwys wonne..Þan..Wiþouten desert take pore mennys wele. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. i. sig. Ai^v In our olde vulgare, profite is called weale. 1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. E2^v Behold with ruthfull eyes, Thy parents robd of all their worldly weale, By subtile meanes of Usurie and guile. 1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella I. i. i. 15 He paid the usual penalty of such indifference to worldly weal, by seeing himself eventually stripped of his lordly possessions. †b. plural. Obsolete. ΚΠ c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iv. xi. 294 Ond he sundorliif & munucliif wæs forebeorende allum þam weolum & arum þæs eorðlecan riices. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) viii. 14 Þæt synd þa ðe..of welum [L. divitiis] & of lustum þyses lifes synd forþrysmode. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 111 Ðu gederast mare and mare..and þine welan forrotiað beforan þine ehȝan. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4503 Man þat weltres in his welis And, thoru his welth, na fautes felis. 1543 R. Record Ground of Artes B iij b How many waies also Arithmetike is conducible for al priuat weales of Lordes and all possessioners. 1628 W. Pemble Salomons Recant. 24 Dislike and Hatred of all his magnificent workes, weales, possessions and pleasures. †c. Pomp, splendour, rich array. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [noun] > magnificence thrumOE prideOE wealc1290 noblessec1330 pompc1330 statec1330 nobletya1387 royaltyc1405 magnificence?1435 gloriousnessc1440 pompousness1447 noblenessc1450 pomperyc1460 triumpha1513 princeliness1545 gorgeousness1549 jollity1549 stateliness1556 proudnessa1586 royalitya1607 splendour1616 grandeur1652 superbiousness1654 splendidnessa1657 lustre1658 superbness1779 pompa1783 splendaciousness1853 magnoliousness1921 c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 264/123 For no Monuk ne scholde gon out þar-of, þe worldes weole to seo. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 37 This duc..Whanne he was come almoost to the town In al his wele and in his mooste pryde. †d. Stores, supplies. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > that which is supplied > supplies warnestorea1300 astorec1330 chevisancec1385 weala1400 supply1510 supply1512 furniture1549 furnishments1559 loana1578 suppeditaments1599 foisona1616 store1636 wanigan1889 a1400 Coer de L. 4786 Agaynes hem comen her naveye, Cogges, and dromoundes, many galeye,..That were chargyd with al weel, With armour and with other vytayle. c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 824 He lette ordeyne shypus fele, And fylled hem fulle of wordes wele, Hys men mery wyth to make. 2. a. Welfare, well-being, happiness, prosperity. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun] selthc888 healc950 wealOE goder-heala1225 prosperity?c1225 wealtha1300 statec1300 healtha1325 welfare1357 theedom1362 wealfulnessc1374 bonchiefa1387 felicity1393 boota1400 wella1400 wealsc1400 well-doingc1440 prosperancea1460 happiness?1473 quartfulness1483 brightnessa1500 goodnessa1500 sonsea1500 thriftiness?1529 prosperation1543 well-being1561 prosperousness1600 fair world1641 thrivingness1818 goldenness1829 palminess1875 OE Genesis 431 Siððan bið him se wela onwended and wyrð him wite gegearwod. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1086 Eala hu leas & hu unwrest is þysses middaneardes wela. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 144 Alle þilke fondunges..wendeð efterward to weole & to blisse. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5184 He heom wolden mucle wele & wurð-scipe itæchen. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 809 Abram let loth in welðe and wale. a1400 Guy Warw. 822 Wele is him þat it winne may. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 2237 For now is Palamon in alle wele. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 67 I am right ioyous of thy wele and worship. 1491 Act 7 Hen. VII c. 12 Preamble Dedis of charite..to be doon for him..for the wele of his soule. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Rom. vi. f. xv Ye nowe are become Christes seruauntes, whose seruice is all weale and blisse. 1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 12 I take goodnesse in this sence, the affecting of the Weale of men, which is that the Græcians call Philanthropia. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 165 To read Masse or Dirigies for the weale of his soule after his decease. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel vi. xxviii. 189 And monks should sing, and bells should toll, All for the weal of Michael's soul. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 349 The flux..becomes a condition of the corporeal weal. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 43 I doubted whether filial tenderness, Or easy nature, did not let itself Be moulded by your wishes for her weal. b. frequently opposed to woe (†wowe). ΚΠ OE Genesis 466 Þæt þær yldo bearn moste on ceosan godes and yfeles, gumena æghwilc, welan and wawan. c1200 Vices & Virtues 29 Ne on wele ne on wauȝhe. a1250 Prov. Ælfred 142 For God may yeue, þenne he wule, god after vuele, weole after wowe. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2777 For wel ne for wo. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 202–4. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4054 His waa, his well, yee sal here bath. a1450 (?c1350) Pride of Life l. 376 in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 100 Þer is dred and sorow And wo wytoutin wel. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur i. xii. 51 How they sware that for wele nor woo they shold not leue other. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H3^v But welcome now my Lord, in wele or woe. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 638 Thine and of all thy Sons The weal or woe in thee is plac't. View more context for this quotation 1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st xxxi. 16 All human weal and wo learn thou to make thine own. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iv. v. 133 ‘Come weal, come woe, by Bruce's side,’ Replied the Chief, ‘will Ronald bide.’ 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cxxvii. 199 Dear friend, far off, my lost desire, So far, so near in woe and weal . View more context for this quotation 1863 M. E. Braddon Aurora Floyd II. ii. 30 Impulsive and impetuous, she had always taken her own course, whether for weal or woe. 1897 Queen Victoria in Daily News 17 July 5/4 In weal and woe I have ever had the true sympathy of all my people. †c. plural. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun] selthc888 healc950 wealOE goder-heala1225 prosperity?c1225 wealtha1300 statec1300 healtha1325 welfare1357 theedom1362 wealfulnessc1374 bonchiefa1387 felicity1393 boota1400 wella1400 wealsc1400 well-doingc1440 prosperancea1460 happiness?1473 quartfulness1483 brightnessa1500 goodnessa1500 sonsea1500 thriftiness?1529 prosperation1543 well-being1561 prosperousness1600 fair world1641 thrivingness1818 goldenness1829 palminess1875 c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 154 & euer me þoȝt I schulde not wonde For wo, þer welez so wynne wore. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 260/2 Thou arte begynnynge myddell and ende of alle weles and goodes. c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 24 He [God] hath gyuen me more of weles than y haue or can deserue. 1544 Late Exped. Scotl. sig. D To proue whether the Scottes had yet learned by theyr importable losses lately chaunced to them to tendyr theyr owne weales by true and reasonable vnytynge & adioynyng them selues to the kynges maiesties louyng liege people. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 156 Nor regardyng..their awne weales and states, neyther the weales of their householdes, as their wiues, children, or friendes. †d. applied to a person, as a source of felicity, or an object of delight. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [noun] > pleasing person weala1225 pleaserc1447 agreeable1712 treat1825 nicey?1870 a fair treat1884 a1225 St. Marher. 8 Þu art iweddedes weole ant widewene warant. a1240 Ureisun in Old Eng. Hom. I. 183 Ihesu mi weole, mi wunne. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 288 O thou my wele, o thou my wo. c1480 (a1400) St. Theodora 363 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 109 Þu art my welth & wele. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xii. 290 He is our lord and our wele, and therfore I praye you, fayr bredern, that ye wyll obeye hym. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos vi. 28 Sith that he hath..taken awaye hym whiche was alle my wele. 3. a. contextually. The welfare of a country or community; the general good. Often with defining word, as common, general, public, universal. See also commonweal n. 2, public n. 4a, weal-public n. 1. Now archaic.†Phr. the weal of peace = Old French le bien de paix. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > relation in respect of > general or public wealth1390 common gooda1393 the sum of things?c1400 public good1427 commonweal1429 weal1444 commonwealtha1450 public weala1470 common publicc1475 weal-public1495 public wealth1541 public welfare1579 publica1586 public interest1591 the public (also general) concern1707 summa rerum1715 1444 Rolls of Parl. V. 121/1 Where afore this tyme for the wele of Peas, Tranquillite and gode Governance, bitwene the Baillifs and Cominalte of the Toun of Shroesbury, divers composicions were made bitwene hem. 1483 Eng. Gilds 335 To..the wele of the kyng our soueraygn lordez people. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour Proheme sig. aij Your graces moste beneuolent inclination towarde the vniuersall weale of your subiectes. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 146 It was agreed by the king..for his more suretie, and for the weale of the lande. 1643 in Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion (1703) II. vii. 325 As Enemies to the Weale of both Kingdoms. 1697 A. de la Pryme Diary 16 Sept. (1870) i. 150 Who vallues the weal politic above the ecclesiastic. 1730 J. Thomson Winter in Seasons 193 For thy country's weal. 1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iv. i. 111 This needful violence is for thy safety, No less than for the general weal. 1826 Mem. Hist. Soc. Pennsylvania I. 132 He appears in them as a watchful guardian of the domestic weal. 1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella III. ii. xxiii. 353 This enterprise, undertaken for the weal of the church. 1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. ix. 122 Thou..shouldst follow willingly Another's judgment when it best promotes The general weal. b. Hence, a state, community; = commonweal n. 1 ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > [noun] commonaltyc1300 commonweal?a1400 commonality?c1400 commonwealth1445 weal-public1495 weal1513 society1566 public1621 leviathan1651 community1737 general public1854 collectivity1881 (le) tout Paris1894 John Q.1922 Joe Citizen1932 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. vii. 92 Avys heiron amangis ȝou for the best, And help to bring our feble weill to rest. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccciiij For the uniuersall Christen weale [L. pro republica Christiana]. 1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. ii. iii. 34 Wo to the weale where many Lawiers bee. 1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 102 We ought not to meruaile, if this weale haue florished now these 250. yeares in great reputation of armes and valor. 1608 T. Heywood Rape of Lucrece sig. B4^v Tarquins abilitie will in the weale, Beget a weake vnable impotence. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. ii. 27 Meet we the Med'cine of the sickly Weale . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iii. i. 67 The speciall Watch-men of our English Weale . View more context for this quotation 1727 J. Gay Fables I. xvii. 58 If mindful of the bleating weal, Thy bosom burn with real zeal. 1763 C. Churchill Epist. to W. Hogarth 3 To enlarge the mind, Purge the sick weal, and humanize mankind. †4. a. Goodness, virtuous behaviour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > [noun] > conduct governancea1393 good-doing1499 wealc1500 manners1578 morality1616 c1500 Melusine (1895) 11 Yf that ye think theron but wele & honour. c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 33 She wist wele that without grete nurture..he might not knowe the weelis and honoures that he coude. c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 36 In his company, wheryn men may lerne bothe wele and honour. †b. Good or honourable report. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > [noun] nameOE wordOE honestya1382 rumoura1387 recommendation1433 wealc1500 wellc1500 credit1529 repute1598 renowna1616 recommends1623 commendation1631 character1649 merit1752 stock1930 c1500 Three Kings's Sons 133 For the grete weeles that euery man rehersed of you. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2022). wealn.² Brit. /wiːl/, U.S. /wil/ Etymology: A modern variant of wale n.¹, by confusion with wheal n.¹ a pustule: see wheal n.² The mark or ridge raised on the flesh by the blow of a rod, lash, etc.; = wale n.¹ 2, wheal n.² ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > mark of blow > weal walea1100 stripec1440 yedderc1440 scrat1542 wipe1594 whelka1761 wheal1811 weal1821 wealing1902 1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel II. 68 Who, soon as mounted, with his switching weals, Puts Dob's best swiftness in his heavy heels. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. vi. 130 He told us that his legs were marked by great weals, where the thong had wound round, as if he had been flogged with a whip. 1842 S. Lover Handy Andy iv From shoulder to flank, sir, I am one mass of welts and weals. 1872 Ld. Tennyson Last Tournament in Gareth & Lynette 94 Into the hall stagger'd, his visage ribb'd From ear to ear with dogwhip-weals,..A churl. 1900 A. Conan Doyle Green Flag 185 Black and bitter were the thoughts of Frenchmen when they saw this weal of dishonour slashed across the fair face of their country. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021). wealv. Brit. /wiːl/, U.S. /wil/ Etymology: variant of wale v.², by confusion with wheal v.¹ a. transitive. To mark (the flesh) with weals; = wale v.² 1. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [verb (transitive)] > weal wale14.. scorea1616 wheal1698 weal1723 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 13 I saw him afterwards, with his Back all wheal'd with the Lashes. 1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life (ed. 3) 100 The lash that weal'd poor Dobbin's hide. 1825 W. Scott Talisman v, in Tales Crusaders IV. 85 His bare arm..wealed with the blows of the discipline. 1886 G. M. Fenn Master of Cerem. xxx Were you ever beaten—cut—and wealed with your own whip? b. absol. ΚΠ 1908 Times 17 Jan. 4/6 The school authorities allowed only four strokes, two on each hand, as a maximum punishment, and they must not weal. 1922 Blackwood's Mag. Mar. 355 The knotted ropes that weal and flay. Derivatives wealed adj. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [adjective] > weal whelked1727 wealed1844 welted1855 waled1885 1844 M. F. Tupper Twins xvii. 131 His wealed body, full of pains and aches, and bruises. ˈwealing n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > mark of blow > weal walea1100 stripec1440 yedderc1440 scrat1542 wipe1594 whelka1761 wheal1811 weal1821 wealing1902 1902 Westm. Gaz. 20 Nov. 7/2 The governess and upper housemaid examined the child afterwards and found severe wealing of the back and stomach, besides bruises. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹c888n.²1821v.1723
随便看	to force the bidding to force the exchange to force the game to force the issue to force the pace to force the the running to force words into a sense to fordo into or to to fore-reach on to fore-reach upon to forereach on to forereach upon to forestall the burgh to forgather up to forge and file to forge together to forget about to forget oneself to forget the blue bag to forget to do to forgive to wife to fork a person to fork out, over, or up to fork the fingers to form a government

wealn.1

wealn.2

wealv.

Derivatives

wealn.¹

wealn.²