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单词 watercourse
释义

watercoursen.

Brit. /ˈwɔːtəkɔːs/, U.S. /ˈwɔdərˌkɔrs/, /ˈwɑdərˌkɔrs/
Forms: see water n. and course n.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: water n., course n.
Etymology: < water n. + course n. Compare earlier water stream n.In sense 4a after classical Latin aquāliculus pot belly, paunch ( < aquālis watery ( < aqua water (see aqua n.1) + -ālis -al suffix1) + -culus -culus suffix). In sense 4b after post-classical Latin aquaeductus aqueduct n.
1.
a. A stream of water; a river, a brook; a canal. Also: an artificial channel for conveying water. Also occasionally figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun]
burnc1000
strind?c1225
stranda1240
flowinga1382
gole?a1400
watercoursea1450
riparya1475
glide1590
lympha1630
stream1803
floss1865
strool1867
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water
water leatOE
water lade1224
leat1279
watergang1293
sow1316
trough1398
wissinga1400
lanec1420
waterway1431
water leasow1440
watercoursea1450
fleam1523
lead1541
cut1548
aqueducta1552
lake1559
strand1565
race1570
channel1581
watergauge1597
gout1598
server1610
carriage1669
runnel1669
aquage1706
shoot1707
tewel1725
run1761
penstock1763
hulve1764
way-gang1766
culvert1774
flume1784
shute1790
pentrough1793
raceway1793
water carriage1793
carrier1794
conductor1796
water carrier1827
penchute1875
chute1878
by-cut1883
society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > conduit, channel, or tube > for water spec.
watercoursea1450
race1570
a1450 Chron. Repton in Jrnl. Derbyshire Archaeol. & Nat. Hist. Soc. (1902) 24 72 (MED) The lande betwene their twoe nether mylnes, and betwene Bolhaghe and the water Course..Wyllyam the sonne of Swane sometyme helde.
1510 in J. L. Glasscock Rec. St. Michael's, Bishop's Stortford (1882) 31 Item of Rychard wood for a watercorse, jd.
1570 T. Norton tr. A. Nowell Catechisme 68 b From the spring hed of his diuine liberalitie as it were by certaine guiding of water courses, God conueyeth his benefites to vs.
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. xliv. 4 They shall spring vp..as willowes by the water courses . View more context for this quotation
1660 J. Ray Catalogus Plantarum Cantabrigiam 146 All these sorts of Willows are to be found either planted by water-courses, or in the Osiar-holts by the river Cams side.
1724 Act 11 Geo. I c. 11 §7 To cleanse any Ditch or Water-course adjoyning to the said Roads.
1786 T. Baldwin Airopaidia xxxiii. 152 It was a large Tract of unenclosed wet Land, above four Miles long and above two broad, intersected by Ditches or Water Courses, which divide the Moss into Fields.
1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains I. i. vii. 175 Watercourses, once carrying fertility to many gardens were now empty and dry.
1865 A. Geikie Scenery & Geol. Scotl. i. 7 Watercourses, from the tiniest runnel up to the ample river.
1912 National Rotarian May 8/1 The Back Bay Fens, a strip of low-lying marsh, with a water course running through it.
1969 D. F. Costello Prairie World ii. 24 Willow trees along the watercourses still have a few green leaves.
2013 Daily Tel. 28 June 32/1 Joining up the naturally-occurring lochs with lengths of artificial watercourse.
b. Law. An artificial water channel or (later also) natural stream, brook, etc., which a person is entitled to make use of, esp. one that flows through the person's own land. Also (more fully right of watercourse): this entitlement.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > rights to use water
watercourse1576
watering1681
water rights1793
water privilege1804
privilege1835
1576 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 385 The dyche, tearmed to be a water course,..hath bene stopped.
1626 J. Whitlock in E. Bulstrode Rep. (1659) iii. 340 A Water course doth not begin by prescription, nor yet by assent, but the same doth begin ex jure naturæ, having taken this course naturally, and cannot be averted.
1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. i. xvii. §12. 345 Without such a Servitude, Water may not be altered or diverted from its course, as was found, where the Water-course was the March betwixt the Heretors.
1730 Mod. Cases Law & Euqity 274 For suppose a Man hath a Water-course running thro’ his Ground, and his Neighbour diverts it, this is no Trespass.
1761 I. Fletcher Diary 9 Sept. (1994) 108 Yesterday p.m. wrote a bond, John Harrison to Joshua Lucock, about a watercourse.
1810 Monthly Mag. July 526/1 A trial respecting a right of water course.
1832 Act 2 & 3 William IV c. 71 §2 No Claim which may be lawfully made..to any Watercourse, or the Use of any Water, to be enjoyed [etc.].
1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 696/2 Watercourse, a species of incorporeal hereditament, being a right which one has to the benefit of the flow of a river or stream, such right commonly referring to a stream passing through one's land.
1908 Encycl. Laws Eng. (ed. 2) X. 116 Obstruction, this term is used in law mainly in two senses: (1) Interference with public or private rights or easements, particularly of light, way, navigation, or watercourse; (2) interference with officers of justice in the execution of their duty.
1985 Cambr. Law Jrnl. 44 463 It is suggested that the answer should be affirmative, if the easement can reasonably be construed as a repaired or maintained right of way, watercourse, etc.
c. Court of the Watercourse: a court which rules on the passage of boats, barges, etc., between Gravesend and London. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts dealing with maritime or river matters
water court1482
court of admiraltya1500
marine court1697
Court of the Watercourse1698
court of lodemanage1716
prize court1775
instance court1802
1698–9 Act 11 Will. III c. 21 §14 in Statutes of Realm (1820) VII. 614 Any Right..claimed..for the holding a certaine Court within the said Mannor [of Gravesend] called Curia Cursus Aquæ or The Court of the Watercourse for the better Government of Barges Boats and Vessells useing the Ferry or Passage from the Towne of Gravesend to London.
2. A flow of water. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > [noun]
runninga1398
goutc1400
stream14..
flowingc1440
watercourse1552
current1555
fluxc1600
gliding1600
fluor1642
currency1657
lapse1667
shoot1799
flowage1830
come1862
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Water course, agmen, inis, (?) quia aqua habet impetum.
1561 Articles of Lete & Courte for Lyberties of Southwarke sig. B.iii.v Ye shal inquire of al Sewers, dyches, mylbers, and gutters, be scoured and purged so that they be not noyfull to the Quenes subiectes, or stoppe any water courses.
1659 A. Speed Adam out of Eden xvi. 128 Thereby you may cleanse any River or Moat, without diverting the Water-course going into the water, or let the water out of Moats, &c.
3. The bed or channel of a river or stream.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > bed of
rakeeOE
channela1387
cannela1400
watercourse1566
alveus1686
waterstead1775
fiumara1820
stream-way1822
wash1894
1566 in Southampton Court Leet Rec. (1905) I. i. 36 We present owen symones hathe not mendyd the watter cowrse of hys close by goslen lane.
c1689 in J. Y. Akerman Moneys Secret Services Charles II & James II (1851) 88 To scowre the ditches and watercourses at Hampton Court, to keep the fowle there.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 94 He presently threw out the Water, with the Sand [etc.]..into the ordinary Water-Course.
1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor lxiii. 213 The road up it was stony, and carried over a deep but dry water-course by an arch.
1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 401 A want of relation in the position of alluvial beds to the existing watercourses may be no test of the high antiquity of such deposits.
1870 L. Stephen in Alpine Jrnl. 4 394 Reaching the valley..by the left bank of the stream, or rather watercourse.
1920 F. C. Cornell Glamour of Prospecting 89 In many places along our..route..we came across..well-defined ‘pipes’..in which ‘yellow’ and ‘blue’ ground..was disclosed in dry watercourses.
1996 Kindred Spirit Summer 13/3 As it splashes and cascades its way down its water course, a clockwise-anti-clockwise central vortex is set up down the central core of the stream.
4. Anatomy.
a. The pubic region of the abdomen; the hypogastrium. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > internal organs > cavities occupied by internal organs > [noun] > abdomen > hypogastrium
sumen?c1425
watercourse1615
hypogastrium1681
hypogaster1693
sumen1715
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια i. x. 20 The Os Sacrum or Holy-bone, protuberateth or swelleth outward, yet with a straitnes too, that so the cauity of the hypogastrium or watercourse might be the larger, which was to containe the bladder, the right gut, and the wombe.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. ii. iv. 25 The last of the watercourse, which is againe subdivided into three other parts.
1671 J. Sharp Midwives Bk. ii. iii. 103 She finds pain that goes about her belly, chiefly about her Navel and lower belly, which some call the Water-course.
b. Any of several canals, ducts, or openings in the otic region of the skull, esp. the canal of the facial nerve. Cf. aqueduct n. 3. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > [noun] > vessel
waya1382
vessel1398
vas1578
watercourse1615
aqueduct1712
path1904
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια viii. xiv. 581 (caption) The watercourse or darke hole betwixt the mammillary processe and appendix called Styloides.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια viii. xix. 583 That canale or pipe which is called Aquæductus or the Water-course.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xvii. 383/1 The Water course, is the lower of the said divided holes; which is called a Serpentine Still, or Saylie Pipe: because it is wrethen first forward, then backwards, then obliquely.
5. The width of (esp. navigable) water under a bridge. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > navigable waterway > waterway beneath bridge
lock1685
watercourse1722
bridgeway1796
1722 N. Bailey Antiq. London & Westm. vii. 45 This Bridge was far greater in Times past; but hath been lessen'd, as the Water-Course hath been narrowed.
1735 J. Price Some Considerations Stone-bridge Thames 3 The Space of the Water, or Water-course, will be 600 Feet between the Piers.
1835 Mechanics' Mag. 2 May 80/1 The total length of the bridge..will be 940 feet; the height of the middle span 22 feet above the Trinity high-water mark, leaving a clear water-course, for the passage of large vessels, of 410 feet.

Compounds

General attributive and objective (chiefly in sense 1a).
ΚΠ
a1650 G. Boate Irelands Nat. Hist. (1652) xvii. 134 Water-leaders, or Water-course-keepers, to steer the Water-courses, and to look to them constantly.
1842 Bill to Promote Drainage of Lands 25 in Bills Public II. To make, open and cut in or upon the same any new watercourse side-cut, ditch or drain.
1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour iv. 60 In its form, one of these shields is an elongated and convex oblong, somewhat resembling a hollowed water-course tile.
1913 E. S. Bellasis Irrigation Wks. ii. 65 Government has complete control of the watercourse system, and can arrange it exactly as desired.
1995 Focus on Conservation Summer 11/1 Eliminating or reducing bacterial pollution from farmstead and rural residential sources not only benefits the downstream beaches but improves watercourse habitat as well.

Derivatives

ˈwatercoursed adj. having or characterized by watercourses.
ΚΠ
1822 R. K. Porter Trav. Georgia II. 479 Our way lay down the water-coursed declivity of a precipitous and icy ravine.
1925 Blackw. Mag. Apr. 466/1 To cross ten miles of unknown watercoursed country..did not seem to us quite as simple.
2005 S. Elmes Talking for Brit. vi. 145 Guthrum..their king..in 886..signed a treaty with King Alfred on how those watercoursed acres from the Thames north across East Anglia were to be carved up.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.a1450
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更新时间:2024/12/22 21:49:45