buffalon.¹

Brit.

/ˈbʌfələʊ/,

/ˈbʌfl̩əʊ/, U.S.

/ˈbəf(ə)ˌloʊ/

Forms: 1500s bufalo, (1600s buffolo, boufaleau, boufalo, 1600s–1700s buffelo, 1700s bufolo), 1600s– buffalo. plural buffaloes.

Etymology: < Italian buffalo (Florio), bufalo, bufolo (Baretti), or Portuguese búfalo < vulgar Latin *būfalus , < Greek βούβαλος (whence in literary Latin būbalus ), properly denoting a kind of antelope, but applied to a wild ox. Compare buffle n., buff n.² The early quotations suggest that the word originally came into English from Portuguese.

1. The name of several species of oxen; esp.

a. Bos bubalus, originally a native of India, inhabiting most of Asia, southern Europe, and northern Africa. It is tamed in India, Italy, and elsewhere.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Bovinae (bovine) > [noun] > Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo)

buffle?c1510

buffalo1588

water-ox1615

ante1625

buffa1710

water buffalo1827

1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China 181 They doo plough and till their ground with kine, Bufalos, and bulles.

1665 Voy. E. India 359 They have a Beast very large, having a smooth thick skin without hair, called a Buffelo, which gives good milk; the flesh of them is like Beef.

1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 74 Drawn..instead of Flanders Mares by a pair of Boufaleaus.

1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour III. 204 They..make use of buffalo's in ploughing the land.

1842 T. B. Macaulay Battle Lake Regillus in Lays Anc. Rome 103 The drear banks of Ufens, Where..buffaloes lie wallowing Through the hot summer's day.

1851 A. H. Layard Pop. Acct. Discov. Nineveh x. 259 The cattle were..the buffalo and common ox.

b. Bos caffer, the Cape Buffalo of South Africa.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Bovinae (bovine) > [noun] > Syncercus caffer (Cape buffalo)

buffle?c1510

buffalo1699

buffa1710

1699 Capt. Rogers in W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. iii. viii. 109 Buffaloes and Bullocks only are kept tame.

1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. 79 They could discover in them [the woods] neither Elephant nor Buffalo.

1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches viii. 269 The buffalo is a very..powerful animal..larger than the domestic ox.

1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. iii. 56 The presence of the buffalo..is a certain indication of water..within..seven or eight miles.

c. Applied in popular unscientific use to the American bison n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Bovinae (bovine) > [noun] > genus Bison > Bison bison (bison)

buffalo1635

buffa1710

bison1774

boss1800

1635 Relation Maryland iii. 23 In the upper parts of the countrey there are Bufeloes, Elkes, Lions, Beares, Wolues, and Deare there are in great Store.

1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia ii. vi. 39 The Elks, Buffaloes, Deer and greater Game.

1743 M. Catesby Nat. Hist. Carolina (1754) II. App. p. xxvii Bison Americanus, the Bufalo.

1770 G. Washington Diaries I. 424 On this Creek many Buffaloes use, according to the Indians acc[oun]t.

1794 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. (new ed.) 151 This animal [bison] has generally been called the Buffalo, but very improperly.

1836 W. Irving Astoria (1849) 195 Boundless wastes..animated by herds of buffalo.

1877 J. A. Allen Amer. Bisons 456 Probably among the people generally the name buffalo will never be supplanted.

d. collective.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Bovinae (bovine) > [noun] > genus Bison > Bison bison (bison) > collectively

buffalo1765

1765 G. Croghan Jrnl. (1875) 132 The country hereabouts abounds with buffalo, bears, [etc.].

1770 G. Washington Diaries I. 427 This Country abounds in Buffalo and wild game of all kinds.

1817 S. R. Brown Western Gazetteer 30 The buffaloe..have lately disappeared.

a1861 T. Winthrop John Brent xxvi. 275 We crowded through the buffalo.

1895 C. King Fort Frayne xviii. 260 A deep cleft in the foothills through which the buffalo in bygone days had made their way.

e. (With capital initial.) A member of the Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes, founded in 1822 for sociable and benevolent purposes.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > secret society > [noun] > organizations similar to masons > members of organizations similar to masons

Gormogon1725

Gregorian1742

Odd Fellow1789

buffaloa1849

Good Templar1853

Rebekah1854

Inner and Outer Guardian1879

primo1879

Shriner1886

a1849 P. Egan Finish Tom & Jerry (1869) v. 120 At the Harp, in Great Russel Street, opposite Drury Lane Theatre, the Buffalo Society was first established, in August, 1822.

1879 The Buffalo 16 Jan. 3/3 Bro. Barrett, the Buffalo Bootmaker of Walworth.

1881 (title) The Buffalo Review and Lodge Reporter.

1897 Daily News 16 Mar. 8/3 A room in which certain ‘Buffaloes’ were holding a lodge meeting.

1970 Sunday Times 18 Jan. 52/3 We used to have a branch of the Buffaloes at the pub.

1970 Sunday Times 18 Jan. 52/3 Her family were very high up in the Buffaloes.

f. A leather hamper used for carrying the bobbins used in cotton-manufacture.

ΚΠ

1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 399/1 Buffalo,..a hamper of buffalo-leather used in a factory to convey bobbins from the throstle.

g. An amphibious tank.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > military vehicles > [noun] > armed or armoured > tank > types of

whippet1918

cruiser tank1940

Valentine1941

General Sherman (tank)1942

Valentine tank1943

buffalo1944

flail tank1944

1944 Hutchinson's Pict. Hist. War Oct. 139 (caption) British troops were carried across the Scheldt in assault craft... This ‘Buffalo’ assault craft is carrying back some of the prisoners taken.

1945 Times 1 Mar. 4/3 The generals..rode in a ‘buffalo’ and inspected it minutely.

1959 Times Lit. Suppl. 13 Feb. 86/2 This division was also the British Army's nursery of the amphibious ‘Buffaloes’ of American origin.

2. ‘A sort of freshwater fish resembling the Sucker’ (Bartlett).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Catostomidae (suckers) > unspecified and miscellaneous types

sucker1753

jumping-mullet1767

buffalo-fish1774

buffalo1789

red horse1796

sucking carp1804

carpsucker1828

hogmolly1877

hogsucker1877

suckerel1888

hog mullet1889

1789 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. 405 In the rivers are plenty of buffalo and catfish.

1884 Harper's Mag. Mar. 516/2 The ‘buffalo’ and cat-fish..are not unfrequently as large as a man.

3. = buffalo-robe n. at Compounds 2; see sense 4. U.S. and Canadian colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > made of specific material

pallOE

rug1591

matchcoat1612

abolla1700

kaross1731

buffalo-robe1804

posteen1815

korowai1820

izar1836

buffalo1840

thatch-cloak1844

parawai1847

kaitaka1882

muzhik1897

burka1898

suba1911

1840 Knickerbocker Apr. 326 Don't forgit to Put in as many Seats as you can, and All your Buffaloes.

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xv. 181 Leaving all hands under their buffaloes.

1884 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 3 Sept. Asked by the groom if he would like a couple of buffaloes (robes)..‘No’, replied the scientist, ‘we would much prefer horses’.

4. Short for buffalo-horn n. at Compounds 2: used by cutlers for making handles of pocket-knives; the varieties are black buffalo and buffalo grey or coloured buffalo.

Derivatives

ˈBuffaloism n.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > secret society > [noun] > organizations similar to masons > principles or practices of

Oddfellowship1846

Good Templary1872

Buffaloism1888

1888 C. Hindley True Hist. Tom & Jerry 162 Buffs—Buffaloes—and Buffaloism.—A society..established in August, 1822, by an eccentric young man of the name of Joseph Lisle, an artist, in conjunction with Mr. W. Sinnett, a comedian, to perpetuate, according to their ideas upon the subject, of that hitherto neglected ballad of We'll chase the Buffalo!

1897 Buffalo World Sept. 3/1 Buffaloism can boast an existence of 300 years at least.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

buffalo-beat n.

ΚΠ

1805 T. M. Harris State of Ohio 179 There are found open cleared spots on the summit of hills, called ‘Buffaloe beats’ because supposed to be occasioned by the resort of those animals thither in fly time.

buffalo-beef n.

ΚΠ

1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie ix The man who denies that buffalo beef is good should scorn to eat it.

1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. (1859) 69 A good supply of buffalo-beef.

buffalo-berrying n.

ΚΠ

1887 I. Randall Ranche Life Montana 20 Two afternoons we spent in buffalo-berrying and shooting combined.

buffalo-boat n.

ΚΠ

1844 J. Gregg Commerce of Prairies I. 65 On some occasions caravans have been obliged to construct what is called a buffalo boat, which is done by stretching the hides of these animals over a frame of poles, or, what is still more common, over an empty wagon-body.

1881 A. A. Hayes New Colorado x. 138 Men being sent ahead..to fabricate ‘buffalo boats’ of hides stretched over frames of poles and empty wagon bodies.

buffalo-bush n.

ΚΠ

1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. 72 The buffalo bushes, which are peculiar to these northern regions, lined the banks of the river.

1889 J. S. Farmer Americanisms Buffalo-bush,..a shrub, the fruit of which is called the bull-berry.

buffalo-cart n.

ΚΠ

1901 Wide World Mag. 8 206/2 The annexed photo. represents a Philippine buffalo-cart, used for conveying women and children over the awful roads of the interior.

buffalo-cider n.

ΚΠ

1871 S. de Vere Americanisms (1872) 367 Buffalo-cider is the ludicrous name given to the liquid in the stomach of the buffalo, which the thirsty hunter drinks, when he has killed his game at a great distance from water.

buffalo coat n.

ΚΠ

1860 J. G. Holland Miss Gilbert's Career vii. 117 With whip in hand and buffalo-coat still unbuttoned.

1922 A. Brown Old Crow vii. 71 He saw Jerry Slate there..enveloped in the buffalo coat he had worn through the winter months.

buffalo dance n.

ΚΠ

1807–8 W. Irving Salmagundi xii. 302 This spot was inhabited by a race of aborigines, who..danced buffalo dances.

1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. 83 The head and horns of a buffalo..which he uses as a mask when called upon..to join in the buffalo dance.

buffalo-ground n.

ΚΠ

1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1895) I. 146 Their united force was not sufficient to venture on the buffalo grounds.

buffalo-hide n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > [noun] > buffalo-skin

buff-leather1574

buffalo-hide1703

buffalo-skin1732

parfleche1823

1703 London Gaz. No. 3919/4 A parcel of..Buffelo-Hides, &c.

1895 Cent. Mag. Sept. 694/1 He..was required to procure a buffalo-hide from which the hair had been removed.

buffalo-horse n.

ΚΠ

1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. 24 Mounted on his favorite buffalo horse (i. e. the horse amongst his whole group which is best trained to run the buffalo).

1868 Amer. Naturalist 2 215 The Indians offer a big price (a large buffalo horse) for the dog.

buffalo-hunt n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting specific animals > [noun] > buffalo

buffalo-hunting1775

buffalo-hunt1810

running1823

1810 Z. M. Pike Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi App. ii. 34 Restricting (by edicts) the buffalo hunts to certain seasons.

buffalo-hunter n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunter > hunter of specific animal > [noun] > of buffalo

buffalo-hunter1824

runner1832

1824 A. Ross Jrnl. 28 Mar. in Oregon Hist. Soc. Quart. XIV. 376 The buffalo hunters came back today, buffalo in plenty; thirty killed.

buffalo-hunting n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting specific animals > [noun] > buffalo

buffalo-hunting1775

buffalo-hunt1810

running1823

1775 W. Calk Jrnl. 10 Apr. in Filson Club Pubn. II. 36 Some of the company went over the River a bufelo hunting but found none.

buffalo-path n.

ΚΠ

1806 T. Ashe Trav. Amer. (1808) xxxvii. 305 There was no possibility of ascending them..except through buffalo-paths.

1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. (1859) 151 We continued our course by a winding buffalo-path.

buffalo-range n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > grassland > range

range1640

buffalo-range1775

open range1853

bush-range1879

1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 118 Living very scantily, even in a buffalo range, under a strict rule, lest by luxury their hearts should grow evil.

1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1895) I. 33 They had reached also a great buffalo range.

1859 R. B. Marcy Prairie Traveler v. 161 It will be a wise precaution in passing through the buffalo range, to lay in a supply of jerked meat for future exigencies.

buffalo-road n.

ΚΠ

1750 T. Walker Jrnl. Explor. 3 Apr. (1888) 44 To the Eastward are many small Mountains, and a Buffaloe Road between them and the Ridge.

1832 Louisville Directory 106 There would be found about a certain distance and course from a well known buffalo road a beech tree.

1849 J. Pritts Mirror Border Life 434 It was about one hundred yards from a large buffalo road.

buffalo-skin n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > [noun] > buffalo-skin

buff-leather1574

buffalo-hide1703

buffalo-skin1732

parfleche1823

1732 S.C. Gaz. 25/1 Preparing Buffelo, Deer, Sheep, Goat or Kid-Skins in Oil.

buffalo-stamp n.

ΚΠ

1878 J. H. Beadle Western Wilds ix. 131 The surface..is largely dotted with ‘buffalo stamps’. These are said to have been caused by buffaloes..stamping and licking the ground.

buffalo-street n.

ΚΠ

1837 R. M. Bird Nick of Woods I. 38 You've as..broad a trace before you as man and beast could make..a buffalo-street through the canes.

buffalo-trace n.

ΚΠ

1832 Louisville Directory 106 The party..turned off the road some 300 yards about west of the buffalo trace.

1887 Harper's Mag. June 48/1 A broad smooth turnpike that has replaced the ancient buffalo trace.

buffalo track n.

ΚΠ

1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 145 We passed..a buffalo track, not above three days old.

buffalo-trail n.

ΚΠ

1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians II. 18 We will take that buffalo trail, where the travelling herds have slashed down the high grass.

1878 J. H. Beadle Western Wilds iv. 66 We descended through a side gorge into the canon of the Cimarron, winding along a buffalo trail.

buffalo-wallow n.

ΚΠ

1843 J. C. Frémont Exped. 21 In the buffalo..wallows, I remarked saline efflorescences.

1875 Fur, Fin & Feather 109 We made a little fire in an old buffalo wallow.

1901 S. E. White Westerners vii. 46 Drinking muddy water from buffalo wallows which providential rains had filled.

buffalo-wolf n.

ΚΠ

1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. (1859) 79 The big white, or buffalo wolf.

C2.

buffalo-bag n. (cf. buffalo-robe n.).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [noun] > skin

bladder?c1225

bulgec1230

bouge1387

budget1432

bulgetc1550

paidle1568

catskin1599

budge1606

petaca1648

taureau1794

buffalo-bag1856

mochila1856

parfleche1867

skin bag1910

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvi. 192 Two large buffalo-bags, each made of four skins.

buffalo-bean n. a milk vetch of the western United States, Astragalus crassicarpus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > milk-vetch

astragalus1548

sea trefoil1548

sea trifoly1548

milk-vetch1597

liquorice vetch1640

prairie pea1848

sweet milk-vetch1860

buffalo-bean1906

1906 P. A. Rydberg Flora of Colorado 202 Geoprumnon... Buffalo Beans, Ground Plums.

1922 Chambers's Jrnl. 219/1 I..became acquainted with a creeping plant that grows a bean... I have since heard it called buffalo-bean.

buffalo-berry n. the edible scarlet fruit of a shrub ( Shepherdia argentea) found on the Upper Missouri; also the shrub itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > berry > [noun] > soapberry or buffalo berry

buffalo-berry1805

bulberry1841

soapberry1904

soapolallie1937

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > edible berries > soapberry

rabbit berry1804

buffalo-berry1805

bulberry1841

soapberry1904

1805 Massachusetts Spy 17 July 2/3 Scions of a newly discovered berry, called the buffaloe berry.

1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. (1859) 257 Buffalo-berry... This berry is about the size of and similar in shape to the common currant, there are three kinds, the white, yellow, and red.

1856 Gardeners' Chron. 174 The felicity of tasting real Buffalo-berries.

buffalo-bird n. an insessorial bird ( Textor erythrorhynchus) which accompanies herds of buffaloes in South Africa.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > larger song birds > [noun] > family Sturnidae > genus Buphagus (ox-pecker)

rhinoceros bird1822

beefeater1836

oxpecker1837

tick-bird1850

buffalo-bird1857

ox-biter1885

tick-eater1903

cow-picker1915

1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xxvii. 545 Buffalo-birds act the part of guardian spirits to the animals.

1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. (1861) 357 The leader of the herd was an old cow, carrying on her withers about twenty buffalo-birds.

buffalo-chips n. plural the dried dung of the American bison, used as fuel.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > other organic fuels > [noun] > dung

casard1499

casing1516

sharny-peat1808

dung cake1824

buffalo-chips1840

mist1852

argol1856

prairie coal1889

cattle chips1903

squaw wood1914

1840 Daily Picayune (New Orleans) 11 Oct. 2 We raised an extensive cloud of smoke from burning ‘buffalo chips’ to keep off the musquitos.

1859 R. B. Marcy Prairie Traveler 268 Buffalo-chips for fuel.

1903 S. E. White Forest iv. 35 I once slept..before a fire of dried buffalo chips and mesquite.

buffalo-clover n. a species of clover ( Trifolium pennsylvanicum) found in the prairies of North America.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > clover or trefoil

white clovereOE

cloverc1000

hare-foota1300

clerewort?a1400

clover-grassa1400

three-leaved grass14..

trefoilc1400

sucklingc1440

four-leaved grassc1450

trefle1510

Trifolium?1541

trinity grass1545

Dutch1548

lote1548

hare's-foot1562

lotus1562

triple grass1562

blain-grass1570

meadow trefoil1578

purple grass1597

purplewort1597

satin flower1597

cithyse1620

true-love grass?a1629

garden balsam1633

hop-clover1679

Burgundian hay1712

strawberry trefoil1731

honeysuckle trefoil1735

red clover1764

buffalo-clover1767

marl-grass1776

purple trefoil1785

white trefoil1785

yellow trefoil1785

sulla1787

cow-grass1789

strawberry-bearing trefoil1796

zigzag trefoil1796

rabbit's foot1817

lotus grass1820

strawberry-headed trefoil1822

mountain liquorice1836

hop-trefoil1855

clustered clover1858

alsike1881

mountain clover1882

knop1897

Swedish clover1908

sub clover1920

four-leaf clover1927

suckle-

1767 in N. Carolina Col. Rec. VII. 1007 Buffalow Clover was extremely thick here.

1785 G. Washington Diaries II. 426 Also sowed about a tablespoonful of the Buffalo or Kentucke Clover.

1788 M. Cutler Let. 12 Nov. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 285 I likewise wish particularly to know what you find the May-apple, Rich-weed, and Buffalo Clover to be.

1835 J. H. Ingraham South-West II. 88 The white clover of Kentucky, known by the name of Buffalo clover.

buffalo-fish n. = sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

sucker1753

jumping-mullet1767

buffalo-fish1774

buffalo1789

red horse1796

sucking carp1804

carpsucker1828

hogmolly1877

hogsucker1877

suckerel1888

hog mullet1889

1774 D. Jones Jrnl. (1865) 111 Another kind of fish called buffaloe fish, many of which are larger than our sheepshead.

1784 J. Filson Discov. Kentucke 26 The fish common to the waters of Ohio are the buffalo-fish, of a large size, and the catfish.

1861 Russell in Times 10 July These..rivers are very fine for..buffalo fish to live in.

buffalo fly n. a small biting insect of the genus Simulium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Nematocera > family Simuliidae > member of genus Simulium

blackfly1776

gnat1787

buffalo gnat1822

buffalo fly1849

kabouri1899

turkey-gnat1899

simulium1902

1849 C. Lyell 2nd Visit U.S. II. 89 There were swarms of buffalo flies to torment his horses, and sand flies to sting him and his family.

1932 Discovery July 210/2 The buffalo fly is another extremely serious pest, in this case of the cattle industry.

buffalo gnat n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Nematocera > family Simuliidae > member of genus Simulium

blackfly1776

gnat1787

buffalo gnat1822

buffalo fly1849

kabouri1899

turkey-gnat1899

simulium1902

1822 J. Woods Two Years' Resid. Eng. Prairie 278 We had no buffalo gnats.

1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1895) I. 32 Excessively annoyed by musquitos and buffalo gnats.

1904 Westm. Gaz. 11 Aug. 8/1 The minute black fly of the Mississippi Valley, commonly known as the buffalo-gnat, from a fancied resemblance in outline to the buffalo.

1959 J. Clegg Freshwater Life Brit. Isles (ed. 2) xiv. 235 The Black-flies..under such names as Buffalo Gnats..are only too well known as pests of cattle.

buffalo grass n. (a) a kind of grass ( Buchloë dactyloides) found in the prairies; also used generally (see quot. 1950); (b) any of various African grasses used for pasture and fodder; (c) Australian and New Zealand, the grass Stenotaphrum americanum, introduced from the United States, and first noticed near Buffalo Creek in New South Wales (Webster 1911).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > non-British grasses > [noun] > Australian grasses

silver grass1600

buffalo grass1784

cane grass1827

porcupine grass1842

tussock-grass1842

spinifex1846

spear-grass1847

rice grass1848

sugar-grass1862

blue star grass1876

wiregrass1883

windmill-grass1889

danthonia1918

Wimmera rye-grass1920

niggerhead1923

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > non-British grasses > [noun] > North American

salt grass1704

wiregrass1751

Indian grass1765

buffalo grass1784

blue-eyed grass1785

mountain rice1790

nimble Will1816

yard-grass1822

mesquite1831

poverty-grass1832

tickle-moth1833

bunch-grass1837

naked-beard grass1848

needle grass1848

Means grass1858

toothache-grass1860

Johnson grass1873

Indian rice grass1893

nigger babies1897

St. Augustine grass1905

pinyon ricegrass1935

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture

windlestrawc1000

red grass1582

spring grass1643

sweet-grass1709

herd-grass1747

Guinea grass1756

vernal grass1762

vernal1771

Paspalum1772

buffalo grass1784

Rhode Island bent1790

red-top1792

finetop1824

kangaroo-grass1827

gamagrass1831

sweet vernal grass1839

yellow-top1839

grama1844

sesame grass1845

sacate1848

Para grass1850

Hungarian1859

alfilaria1860

sacaton1865

Mitchell grass1867

teosinte1877

Landsborough grass1883

turnip-grass1889

brown top1891

ichu1891

manna1897

Rhodes grass1903

Sudan1911

Kikuyu grass1913

never-fail1923

buffel grass1955

1784 J. Filson Discov. Kentucke 24 Where no cane grows there is abundance of wild-rye, clover, and buffalo-grass,..affording excellent food for cattle.

1831 J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants ii. 105 Horses find..buffalo grass..and other herbage for the summer range.

1845 J. C. Frémont Exped. 109 The short sward of the buffalo grass which now prevailed everywhere.

1868 J. Chapman Trav. Interior S. Afr. II. 457 The Buffalo grass has a large, broad, corrugated leaf and is greedily eaten by horses and cattle.

1870 Amer. Naturalist 3 162 The Buffalo grass..does not grow more than three or four inches high.

1876 F. M. Bailey in Papers & Proc. Royal Soc. Tasmania 1875 132 The Buffalo grass, Stenotaphrum Americanum..is a very fine and desirable species.

1883 Harper's Mag. Nov. 943/2 The tall jointed grasses replace the short crisp buffalo-grass.

1950 Amer. Speech 25 164 The ground is covered with ‘buffalo grass’, which once designated a specific type but now means any tough grass that grows on the poor soil of the plains.

buffalo-horn n. (a) the horn of a buffalo; (b) an African tree, Zizyphus mucronata; (c) U.S. (see quot. 1887²).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > bone or horn > [noun] > horn > types of

unicorna1533

devil's horn1583

ram's horn1611

greenhorn1725

buffalo-horn1783

stag-horn1815

buck-horn1820

deer-horn1843

devil horn1854

antler1872

rhino horn1889

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > African trees or shrubs > [noun] > other African trees or shrubs

keurboom1731

silver-tree1731

witteboom1799

Hottentot's bean1801

melkhouta1823

monkey apple1824

witgatboom1824

Hottentot's bean tree1833

spek-boom1834

mopane1854

Welwitschia1862

ambatch1863

miombo1864

pith tree1864

porkwood1875

tree purslane1882

buffalo-horn1887

monkey guava1887

bush willow1917

melkboom1917

msasa1923

rooibos1932

miraa1945

ovangkol1972

pigeon wood1972

tambotie1973

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill or mountain > [noun] > summit > serrated

buffalo-horn1887

1783 W. Fleming in N. D. Mereness Trav. Amer. Col. (1916) 665 We picked up..a petrified Buffalo horn.

1887 C. A. Moloney Sketch Forestry W. Afr. 300 ‘Buffalo-Horn’ (Zizyphus mucronata, Willd.).

1887 Scribner's Mag. 2 507 The latter fixes his attention on the saw-like, serrated crowns, or summits, which are..typical..of true mountainous form. There are plenty of such features in the Rocky Mountains, and natives call them ‘buffalo-horns’.

buffalo-jack n. the Caranx pisquetos (also called simply jack: see Jack n.² 35c).

buffalo-nut n. the fruit of a North American shrub ( Pyrularia oleifera), also called Oil-nut; also the shrub itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > nut > [noun] > other nuts

mani1604

nuciprune1682

breadnut?1740

buckeye1785

mockernut1804

breadnut1828

philopena1839

nutlet1848

Barcelona nut1851

buffalo-nut1857

urucuri1860

Queensland nut1870

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plant, nut, or bean yielding oil > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding oil > North American > buffalo-nut or tree

buffalo-nut1857

oil-nut1884

1857 A. Gray First Lessons Bot. 382 Buffalo-nut..[is] a low straggling shrub, with..small greenish flowers.

1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Buffalo nut (Pyrularia oleifera), oil nut. Western.

buffalo-perch n. (a) the freshwater drum, Haplodinotus grunniens, family Sciænidæ (see drum n.¹ 6); (b) a buffalo-fish, Ictiobus bubalus, family Catostomidæ (see 2, Compounds 1).

buffalo-robe n. a cloak or rug made of the skin of the American bison dressed with the hair on.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > rug > types of, generally

shag1634

hearthrug1790

buffalo-robe1804

hooked rug1880

area rug1941

hook rug1951

pallOE

rug1591

matchcoat1612

abolla1700

kaross1731

buffalo-robe1804

posteen1815

korowai1820

izar1836

buffalo1840

thatch-cloak1844

parawai1847

kaitaka1882

muzhik1897

burka1898

suba1911

1804 W. Clark Jrnl. 30 Aug. in Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Exped. (1987) III. 24 The Squars wore Peticoats & a white Buffalow roabes with the black hair turned back over their necks and Sholders.

1806 Z. M. Pike Sources Mississippi 9 Feb. 68 The rider wraps himself up in a buffalo robe,..having a cushion to lean his back against.

1845 J. C. Frémont Exped. 145 It is only within a very recent period that they have received buffalo robes in trade.

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvi. 193 The sick..were placed upon the bed of buffalo-robes.

1869 S. Bowles Our New West v. 100 My bedding..consisted of two pairs of heavy blankets, a buffalo robe, a rubber blanket and a pillow.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	buffalo
释义	buffalon.¹ Brit. /ˈbʌfələʊ/, /ˈbʌfl̩əʊ/, U.S. /ˈbəf(ə)ˌloʊ/ Forms: 1500s bufalo, (1600s buffolo, boufaleau, boufalo, 1600s–1700s buffelo, 1700s bufolo), 1600s– buffalo. plural buffaloes. Etymology: < Italian buffalo (Florio), bufalo, bufolo (Baretti), or Portuguese búfalo < vulgar Latin būfalus , < Greek βούβαλος* (whence in literary Latin būbalus ), properly denoting a kind of antelope, but applied to a wild ox. Compare buffle n., buff n.² The early quotations suggest that the word originally came into English from Portuguese. 1. The name of several species of oxen; esp. a. Bos bubalus, originally a native of India, inhabiting most of Asia, southern Europe, and northern Africa. It is tamed in India, Italy, and elsewhere. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Bovinae (bovine) > [noun] > Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo) buffle?c1510 buffalo1588 water-ox1615 ante1625 buffa1710 water buffalo1827 1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China 181 They doo plough and till their ground with kine, Bufalos, and bulles. 1665 Voy. E. India 359 They have a Beast very large, having a smooth thick skin without hair, called a Buffelo, which gives good milk; the flesh of them is like Beef. 1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 74 Drawn..instead of Flanders Mares by a pair of Boufaleaus. 1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour III. 204 They..make use of buffalo's in ploughing the land. 1842 T. B. Macaulay Battle Lake Regillus in Lays Anc. Rome 103 The drear banks of Ufens, Where..buffaloes lie wallowing Through the hot summer's day. 1851 A. H. Layard Pop. Acct. Discov. Nineveh x. 259 The cattle were..the buffalo and common ox. b. Bos caffer, the Cape Buffalo of South Africa. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Bovinae (bovine) > [noun] > Syncercus caffer (Cape buffalo) buffle?c1510 buffalo1699 buffa1710 1699 Capt. Rogers in W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. iii. viii. 109 Buffaloes and Bullocks only are kept tame. 1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. 79 They could discover in them [the woods] neither Elephant nor Buffalo. 1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches viii. 269 The buffalo is a very..powerful animal..larger than the domestic ox. 1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. iii. 56 The presence of the buffalo..is a certain indication of water..within..seven or eight miles. c. Applied in popular unscientific use to the American bison n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Bovinae (bovine) > [noun] > genus Bison > Bison bison (bison) buffalo1635 buffa1710 bison1774 boss1800 1635 Relation Maryland iii. 23 In the upper parts of the countrey there are Bufeloes, Elkes, Lions, Beares, Wolues, and Deare there are in great Store. 1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia ii. vi. 39 The Elks, Buffaloes, Deer and greater Game. 1743 M. Catesby Nat. Hist. Carolina (1754) II. App. p. xxvii Bison Americanus, the Bufalo. 1770 G. Washington Diaries I. 424 On this Creek many Buffaloes use, according to the Indians acc[oun]t. 1794 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. (new ed.) 151 This animal [bison] has generally been called the Buffalo, but very improperly. 1836 W. Irving Astoria (1849) 195 Boundless wastes..animated by herds of buffalo. 1877 J. A. Allen Amer. Bisons 456 Probably among the people generally the name buffalo will never be supplanted. d. collective. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Bovinae (bovine) > [noun] > genus Bison > Bison bison (bison) > collectively buffalo1765 1765 G. Croghan Jrnl. (1875) 132 The country hereabouts abounds with buffalo, bears, [etc.]. 1770 G. Washington Diaries I. 427 This Country abounds in Buffalo and wild game of all kinds. 1817 S. R. Brown Western Gazetteer 30 The buffaloe..have lately disappeared. a1861 T. Winthrop John Brent xxvi. 275 We crowded through the buffalo. 1895 C. King Fort Frayne xviii. 260 A deep cleft in the foothills through which the buffalo in bygone days had made their way. e. (With capital initial.) A member of the Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes, founded in 1822 for sociable and benevolent purposes. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > secret society > [noun] > organizations similar to masons > members of organizations similar to masons Gormogon1725 Gregorian1742 Odd Fellow1789 buffaloa1849 Good Templar1853 Rebekah1854 Inner and Outer Guardian1879 primo1879 Shriner1886 a1849 P. Egan Finish Tom & Jerry (1869) v. 120 At the Harp, in Great Russel Street, opposite Drury Lane Theatre, the Buffalo Society was first established, in August, 1822. 1879 The Buffalo 16 Jan. 3/3 Bro. Barrett, the Buffalo Bootmaker of Walworth. 1881 (title) The Buffalo Review and Lodge Reporter. 1897 Daily News 16 Mar. 8/3 A room in which certain ‘Buffaloes’ were holding a lodge meeting. 1970 Sunday Times 18 Jan. 52/3 We used to have a branch of the Buffaloes at the pub. 1970 Sunday Times 18 Jan. 52/3 Her family were very high up in the Buffaloes. f. A leather hamper used for carrying the bobbins used in cotton-manufacture. ΚΠ 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 399/1 Buffalo,..a hamper of buffalo-leather used in a factory to convey bobbins from the throstle. g. An amphibious tank. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > military vehicles > [noun] > armed or armoured > tank > types of whippet1918 cruiser tank1940 Valentine1941 General Sherman (tank)1942 Valentine tank1943 buffalo1944 flail tank1944 1944 Hutchinson's Pict. Hist. War Oct. 139 (caption) British troops were carried across the Scheldt in assault craft... This ‘Buffalo’ assault craft is carrying back some of the prisoners taken. 1945 Times 1 Mar. 4/3 The generals..rode in a ‘buffalo’ and inspected it minutely. 1959 Times Lit. Suppl. 13 Feb. 86/2 This division was also the British Army's nursery of the amphibious ‘Buffaloes’ of American origin. 2. ‘A sort of freshwater fish resembling the Sucker’ (Bartlett). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Catostomidae (suckers) > unspecified and miscellaneous types sucker1753 jumping-mullet1767 buffalo-fish1774 buffalo1789 red horse1796 sucking carp1804 carpsucker1828 hogmolly1877 hogsucker1877 suckerel1888 hog mullet1889 1789 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. 405 In the rivers are plenty of buffalo and catfish. 1884 Harper's Mag. Mar. 516/2 The ‘buffalo’ and cat-fish..are not unfrequently as large as a man. 3. = buffalo-robe n. at Compounds 2; see sense 4. U.S. and Canadian colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > made of specific material pallOE rug1591 matchcoat1612 abolla1700 kaross1731 buffalo-robe1804 posteen1815 korowai1820 izar1836 buffalo1840 thatch-cloak1844 parawai1847 kaitaka1882 muzhik1897 burka1898 suba1911 1840 Knickerbocker Apr. 326 Don't forgit to Put in as many Seats as you can, and All your Buffaloes. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xv. 181 Leaving all hands under their buffaloes. 1884 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 3 Sept. Asked by the groom if he would like a couple of buffaloes (robes)..‘No’, replied the scientist, ‘we would much prefer horses’. 4. Short for buffalo-horn n. at Compounds 2: used by cutlers for making handles of pocket-knives; the varieties are black buffalo and buffalo grey or coloured buffalo. Derivatives ˈBuffaloism n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > secret society > [noun] > organizations similar to masons > principles or practices of Oddfellowship1846 Good Templary1872 Buffaloism1888 1888 C. Hindley True Hist. Tom & Jerry 162 Buffs—Buffaloes—and Buffaloism.—A society..established in August, 1822, by an eccentric young man of the name of Joseph Lisle, an artist, in conjunction with Mr. W. Sinnett, a comedian, to perpetuate, according to their ideas upon the subject, of that hitherto neglected ballad of We'll chase the Buffalo! 1897 Buffalo World Sept. 3/1 Buffaloism can boast an existence of 300 years at least. Compounds C1. General attributive. buffalo-beat n. ΚΠ 1805 T. M. Harris State of Ohio 179 There are found open cleared spots on the summit of hills, called ‘Buffaloe beats’ because supposed to be occasioned by the resort of those animals thither in fly time. buffalo-beef n. ΚΠ 1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie ix The man who denies that buffalo beef is good should scorn to eat it. 1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. (1859) 69 A good supply of buffalo-beef. buffalo-berrying n. ΚΠ 1887 I. Randall Ranche Life Montana 20 Two afternoons we spent in buffalo-berrying and shooting combined. buffalo-boat n. ΚΠ 1844 J. Gregg Commerce of Prairies I. 65 On some occasions caravans have been obliged to construct what is called a buffalo boat, which is done by stretching the hides of these animals over a frame of poles, or, what is still more common, over an empty wagon-body. 1881 A. A. Hayes New Colorado x. 138 Men being sent ahead..to fabricate ‘buffalo boats’ of hides stretched over frames of poles and empty wagon bodies. buffalo-bush n. ΚΠ 1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. 72 The buffalo bushes, which are peculiar to these northern regions, lined the banks of the river. 1889 J. S. Farmer Americanisms Buffalo-bush,..a shrub, the fruit of which is called the bull-berry. buffalo-cart n. ΚΠ 1901 Wide World Mag. 8 206/2 The annexed photo. represents a Philippine buffalo-cart, used for conveying women and children over the awful roads of the interior. buffalo-cider n. ΚΠ 1871 S. de Vere Americanisms (1872) 367 Buffalo-cider is the ludicrous name given to the liquid in the stomach of the buffalo, which the thirsty hunter drinks, when he has killed his game at a great distance from water. buffalo coat n. ΚΠ 1860 J. G. Holland Miss Gilbert's Career vii. 117 With whip in hand and buffalo-coat still unbuttoned. 1922 A. Brown Old Crow vii. 71 He saw Jerry Slate there..enveloped in the buffalo coat he had worn through the winter months. buffalo dance n. ΚΠ 1807–8 W. Irving Salmagundi xii. 302 This spot was inhabited by a race of aborigines, who..danced buffalo dances. 1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. 83 The head and horns of a buffalo..which he uses as a mask when called upon..to join in the buffalo dance. buffalo-ground n. ΚΠ 1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1895) I. 146 Their united force was not sufficient to venture on the buffalo grounds. buffalo-hide n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > [noun] > buffalo-skin buff-leather1574 buffalo-hide1703 buffalo-skin1732 parfleche1823 1703 London Gaz. No. 3919/4 A parcel of..Buffelo-Hides, &c. 1895 Cent. Mag. Sept. 694/1 He..was required to procure a buffalo-hide from which the hair had been removed. buffalo-horse n. ΚΠ 1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. 24 Mounted on his favorite buffalo horse (i. e. the horse amongst his whole group which is best trained to run the buffalo). 1868 Amer. Naturalist 2 215 The Indians offer a big price (a large buffalo horse) for the dog. buffalo-hunt n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting specific animals > [noun] > buffalo buffalo-hunting1775 buffalo-hunt1810 running1823 1810 Z. M. Pike Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi App. ii. 34 Restricting (by edicts) the buffalo hunts to certain seasons. buffalo-hunter n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunter > hunter of specific animal > [noun] > of buffalo buffalo-hunter1824 runner1832 1824 A. Ross Jrnl. 28 Mar. in Oregon Hist. Soc. Quart. XIV. 376 The buffalo hunters came back today, buffalo in plenty; thirty killed. buffalo-hunting n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting specific animals > [noun] > buffalo buffalo-hunting1775 buffalo-hunt1810 running1823 1775 W. Calk Jrnl. 10 Apr. in Filson Club Pubn. II. 36 Some of the company went over the River a bufelo hunting but found none. buffalo-path n. ΚΠ 1806 T. Ashe Trav. Amer. (1808) xxxvii. 305 There was no possibility of ascending them..except through buffalo-paths. 1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. (1859) 151 We continued our course by a winding buffalo-path. buffalo-range n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > grassland > range range1640 buffalo-range1775 open range1853 bush-range1879 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 118 Living very scantily, even in a buffalo range, under a strict rule, lest by luxury their hearts should grow evil. 1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1895) I. 33 They had reached also a great buffalo range. 1859 R. B. Marcy Prairie Traveler v. 161 It will be a wise precaution in passing through the buffalo range, to lay in a supply of jerked meat for future exigencies. buffalo-road n. ΚΠ 1750 T. Walker Jrnl. Explor. 3 Apr. (1888) 44 To the Eastward are many small Mountains, and a Buffaloe Road between them and the Ridge. 1832 Louisville Directory 106 There would be found about a certain distance and course from a well known buffalo road a beech tree. 1849 J. Pritts Mirror Border Life 434 It was about one hundred yards from a large buffalo road. buffalo-skin n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > [noun] > buffalo-skin buff-leather1574 buffalo-hide1703 buffalo-skin1732 parfleche1823 1732 S.C. Gaz. 25/1 Preparing Buffelo, Deer, Sheep, Goat or Kid-Skins in Oil. buffalo-stamp n. ΚΠ 1878 J. H. Beadle Western Wilds ix. 131 The surface..is largely dotted with ‘buffalo stamps’. These are said to have been caused by buffaloes..stamping and licking the ground. buffalo-street n. ΚΠ 1837 R. M. Bird Nick of Woods I. 38 You've as..broad a trace before you as man and beast could make..a buffalo-street through the canes. buffalo-trace n. ΚΠ 1832 Louisville Directory 106 The party..turned off the road some 300 yards about west of the buffalo trace. 1887 Harper's Mag. June 48/1 A broad smooth turnpike that has replaced the ancient buffalo trace. buffalo track n. ΚΠ 1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 145 We passed..a buffalo track, not above three days old. buffalo-trail n. ΚΠ 1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians II. 18 We will take that buffalo trail, where the travelling herds have slashed down the high grass. 1878 J. H. Beadle Western Wilds iv. 66 We descended through a side gorge into the canon of the Cimarron, winding along a buffalo trail. buffalo-wallow n. ΚΠ 1843 J. C. Frémont Exped. 21 In the buffalo..wallows, I remarked saline efflorescences. 1875 Fur, Fin & Feather 109 We made a little fire in an old buffalo wallow. 1901 S. E. White Westerners vii. 46 Drinking muddy water from buffalo wallows which providential rains had filled. buffalo-wolf n. ΚΠ 1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. (1859) 79 The big white, or buffalo wolf. C2. buffalo-bag n. (cf. buffalo-robe n.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [noun] > skin bladder?c1225 bulgec1230 bouge1387 budget1432 bulgetc1550 paidle1568 catskin1599 budge1606 petaca1648 taureau1794 buffalo-bag1856 mochila1856 parfleche1867 skin bag1910 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvi. 192 Two large buffalo-bags, each made of four skins. buffalo-bean n. a milk vetch of the western United States, Astragalus crassicarpus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > milk-vetch astragalus1548 sea trefoil1548 sea trifoly1548 milk-vetch1597 liquorice vetch1640 prairie pea1848 sweet milk-vetch1860 buffalo-bean1906 1906 P. A. Rydberg Flora of Colorado 202 Geoprumnon... Buffalo Beans, Ground Plums. 1922 Chambers's Jrnl. 219/1 I..became acquainted with a creeping plant that grows a bean... I have since heard it called buffalo-bean. buffalo-berry n. the edible scarlet fruit of a shrub ( Shepherdia argentea) found on the Upper Missouri; also the shrub itself. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > berry > [noun] > soapberry or buffalo berry buffalo-berry1805 bulberry1841 soapberry1904 soapolallie1937 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > edible berries > soapberry rabbit berry1804 buffalo-berry1805 bulberry1841 soapberry1904 1805 Massachusetts Spy 17 July 2/3 Scions of a newly discovered berry, called the buffaloe berry. 1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. (1859) 257 Buffalo-berry... This berry is about the size of and similar in shape to the common currant, there are three kinds, the white, yellow, and red. 1856 Gardeners' Chron. 174 The felicity of tasting real Buffalo-berries. buffalo-bird n. an insessorial bird ( Textor erythrorhynchus) which accompanies herds of buffaloes in South Africa. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > larger song birds > [noun] > family Sturnidae > genus Buphagus (ox-pecker) rhinoceros bird1822 beefeater1836 oxpecker1837 tick-bird1850 buffalo-bird1857 ox-biter1885 tick-eater1903 cow-picker1915 1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xxvii. 545 Buffalo-birds act the part of guardian spirits to the animals. 1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. (1861) 357 The leader of the herd was an old cow, carrying on her withers about twenty buffalo-birds. buffalo-chips n. plural the dried dung of the American bison, used as fuel. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > other organic fuels > [noun] > dung casard1499 casing1516 sharny-peat1808 dung cake1824 buffalo-chips1840 mist1852 argol1856 prairie coal1889 cattle chips1903 squaw wood1914 1840 Daily Picayune (New Orleans) 11 Oct. 2 We raised an extensive cloud of smoke from burning ‘buffalo chips’ to keep off the musquitos. 1859 R. B. Marcy Prairie Traveler 268 Buffalo-chips for fuel. 1903 S. E. White Forest iv. 35 I once slept..before a fire of dried buffalo chips and mesquite. buffalo-clover n. a species of clover ( Trifolium pennsylvanicum) found in the prairies of North America. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > clover or trefoil white clovereOE cloverc1000 hare-foota1300 clerewort?a1400 clover-grassa1400 three-leaved grass14.. trefoilc1400 sucklingc1440 four-leaved grassc1450 trefle1510 Trifolium?1541 trinity grass1545 Dutch1548 lote1548 hare's-foot1562 lotus1562 triple grass1562 blain-grass1570 meadow trefoil1578 purple grass1597 purplewort1597 satin flower1597 cithyse1620 true-love grass?a1629 garden balsam1633 hop-clover1679 Burgundian hay1712 strawberry trefoil1731 honeysuckle trefoil1735 red clover1764 buffalo-clover1767 marl-grass1776 purple trefoil1785 white trefoil1785 yellow trefoil1785 sulla1787 cow-grass1789 strawberry-bearing trefoil1796 zigzag trefoil1796 rabbit's foot1817 lotus grass1820 strawberry-headed trefoil1822 mountain liquorice1836 hop-trefoil1855 clustered clover1858 alsike1881 mountain clover1882 knop1897 Swedish clover1908 sub clover1920 four-leaf clover1927 suckle- 1767 in N. Carolina Col. Rec. VII. 1007 Buffalow Clover was extremely thick here. 1785 G. Washington Diaries II. 426 Also sowed about a tablespoonful of the Buffalo or Kentucke Clover. 1788 M. Cutler Let. 12 Nov. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 285 I likewise wish particularly to know what you find the May-apple, Rich-weed, and Buffalo Clover to be. 1835 J. H. Ingraham South-West II. 88 The white clover of Kentucky, known by the name of Buffalo clover. buffalo-fish n. = sense 2. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Catostomidae (suckers) > unspecified and miscellaneous types sucker1753 jumping-mullet1767 buffalo-fish1774 buffalo1789 red horse1796 sucking carp1804 carpsucker1828 hogmolly1877 hogsucker1877 suckerel1888 hog mullet1889 1774 D. Jones Jrnl. (1865) 111 Another kind of fish called buffaloe fish, many of which are larger than our sheepshead. 1784 J. Filson Discov. Kentucke 26 The fish common to the waters of Ohio are the buffalo-fish, of a large size, and the catfish. 1861 Russell in Times 10 July These..rivers are very fine for..buffalo fish to live in. buffalo fly n. a small biting insect of the genus Simulium. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Nematocera > family Simuliidae > member of genus Simulium blackfly1776 gnat1787 buffalo gnat1822 buffalo fly1849 kabouri1899 turkey-gnat1899 simulium1902 1849 C. Lyell 2nd Visit U.S. II. 89 There were swarms of buffalo flies to torment his horses, and sand flies to sting him and his family. 1932 Discovery July 210/2 The buffalo fly is another extremely serious pest, in this case of the cattle industry. buffalo gnat n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Nematocera > family Simuliidae > member of genus Simulium blackfly1776 gnat1787 buffalo gnat1822 buffalo fly1849 kabouri1899 turkey-gnat1899 simulium1902 1822 J. Woods Two Years' Resid. Eng. Prairie 278 We had no buffalo gnats. 1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1895) I. 32 Excessively annoyed by musquitos and buffalo gnats. 1904 Westm. Gaz. 11 Aug. 8/1 The minute black fly of the Mississippi Valley, commonly known as the buffalo-gnat, from a fancied resemblance in outline to the buffalo. 1959 J. Clegg Freshwater Life Brit. Isles (ed. 2) xiv. 235 The Black-flies..under such names as Buffalo Gnats..are only too well known as pests of cattle. buffalo grass n. (a) a kind of grass ( Buchloë dactyloides) found in the prairies; also used generally (see quot. 1950); (b) any of various African grasses used for pasture and fodder; (c) Australian and New Zealand, the grass Stenotaphrum americanum, introduced from the United States, and first noticed near Buffalo Creek in New South Wales (Webster 1911). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > non-British grasses > [noun] > Australian grasses silver grass1600 buffalo grass1784 cane grass1827 porcupine grass1842 tussock-grass1842 spinifex1846 spear-grass1847 rice grass1848 sugar-grass1862 blue star grass1876 wiregrass1883 windmill-grass1889 danthonia1918 Wimmera rye-grass1920 niggerhead1923 the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > non-British grasses > [noun] > North American salt grass1704 wiregrass1751 Indian grass1765 buffalo grass1784 blue-eyed grass1785 mountain rice1790 nimble Will1816 yard-grass1822 mesquite1831 poverty-grass1832 tickle-moth1833 bunch-grass1837 naked-beard grass1848 needle grass1848 Means grass1858 toothache-grass1860 Johnson grass1873 Indian rice grass1893 nigger babies1897 St. Augustine grass1905 pinyon ricegrass1935 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture windlestrawc1000 red grass1582 spring grass1643 sweet-grass1709 herd-grass1747 Guinea grass1756 vernal grass1762 vernal1771 Paspalum1772 buffalo grass1784 Rhode Island bent1790 red-top1792 finetop1824 kangaroo-grass1827 gamagrass1831 sweet vernal grass1839 yellow-top1839 grama1844 sesame grass1845 sacate1848 Para grass1850 Hungarian1859 alfilaria1860 sacaton1865 Mitchell grass1867 teosinte1877 Landsborough grass1883 turnip-grass1889 brown top1891 ichu1891 manna1897 Rhodes grass1903 Sudan1911 Kikuyu grass1913 never-fail1923 buffel grass1955 1784 J. Filson Discov. Kentucke 24 Where no cane grows there is abundance of wild-rye, clover, and buffalo-grass,..affording excellent food for cattle. 1831 J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants ii. 105 Horses find..buffalo grass..and other herbage for the summer range. 1845 J. C. Frémont Exped. 109 The short sward of the buffalo grass which now prevailed everywhere. 1868 J. Chapman Trav. Interior S. Afr. II. 457 The Buffalo grass has a large, broad, corrugated leaf and is greedily eaten by horses and cattle. 1870 Amer. Naturalist 3 162 The Buffalo grass..does not grow more than three or four inches high. 1876 F. M. Bailey in Papers & Proc. Royal Soc. Tasmania 1875 132 The Buffalo grass, Stenotaphrum Americanum..is a very fine and desirable species. 1883 Harper's Mag. Nov. 943/2 The tall jointed grasses replace the short crisp buffalo-grass. 1950 Amer. Speech 25 164 The ground is covered with ‘buffalo grass’, which once designated a specific type but now means any tough grass that grows on the poor soil of the plains. buffalo-horn n. (a) the horn of a buffalo; (b) an African tree, Zizyphus mucronata; (c) U.S. (see quot. 1887²). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > bone or horn > [noun] > horn > types of unicorna1533 devil's horn1583 ram's horn1611 greenhorn1725 buffalo-horn1783 stag-horn1815 buck-horn1820 deer-horn1843 devil horn1854 antler1872 rhino horn1889 the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > African trees or shrubs > [noun] > other African trees or shrubs keurboom1731 silver-tree1731 witteboom1799 Hottentot's bean1801 melkhouta1823 monkey apple1824 witgatboom1824 Hottentot's bean tree1833 spek-boom1834 mopane1854 Welwitschia1862 ambatch1863 miombo1864 pith tree1864 porkwood1875 tree purslane1882 buffalo-horn1887 monkey guava1887 bush willow1917 melkboom1917 msasa1923 rooibos1932 miraa1945 ovangkol1972 pigeon wood1972 tambotie1973 the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill or mountain > [noun] > summit > serrated buffalo-horn1887 1783 W. Fleming in N. D. Mereness Trav. Amer. Col. (1916) 665 We picked up..a petrified Buffalo horn. 1887 C. A. Moloney Sketch Forestry W. Afr. 300 ‘Buffalo-Horn’ (Zizyphus mucronata, Willd.). 1887 Scribner's Mag. 2 507 The latter fixes his attention on the saw-like, serrated crowns, or summits, which are..typical..of true mountainous form. There are plenty of such features in the Rocky Mountains, and natives call them ‘buffalo-horns’. buffalo-jack n. the Caranx pisquetos (also called simply jack: see Jack n.² 35c). buffalo-nut n. the fruit of a North American shrub ( Pyrularia oleifera), also called Oil-nut; also the shrub itself. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > nut > [noun] > other nuts mani1604 nuciprune1682 breadnut?1740 buckeye1785 mockernut1804 breadnut1828 philopena1839 nutlet1848 Barcelona nut1851 buffalo-nut1857 urucuri1860 Queensland nut1870 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plant, nut, or bean yielding oil > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding oil > North American > buffalo-nut or tree buffalo-nut1857 oil-nut1884 1857 A. Gray First Lessons Bot. 382 Buffalo-nut..[is] a low straggling shrub, with..small greenish flowers. 1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Buffalo nut (Pyrularia oleifera), oil nut. Western. buffalo-perch n. (a) the freshwater drum, Haplodinotus grunniens, family Sciænidæ (see drum n.¹ 6); (b) a buffalo-fish, Ictiobus bubalus, family Catostomidæ (see 2, Compounds 1). buffalo-robe n. a cloak or rug made of the skin of the American bison dressed with the hair on. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > rug > types of, generally shag1634 hearthrug1790 buffalo-robe1804 hooked rug1880 area rug1941 hook rug1951 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > made of specific material pallOE rug1591 matchcoat1612 abolla1700 kaross1731 buffalo-robe1804 posteen1815 korowai1820 izar1836 buffalo1840 thatch-cloak1844 parawai1847 kaitaka1882 muzhik1897 burka1898 suba1911 1804 W. Clark Jrnl. 30 Aug. in Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Exped. (1987) III. 24 The Squars wore Peticoats & a white Buffalow roabes with the black hair turned back over their necks and Sholders. 1806 Z. M. Pike Sources Mississippi 9 Feb. 68 The rider wraps himself up in a buffalo robe,..having a cushion to lean his back against. 1845 J. C. Frémont Exped. 145 It is only within a very recent period that they have received buffalo robes in trade. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvi. 193 The sick..were placed upon the bed of buffalo-robes. 1869 S. Bowles Our New West v. 100 My bedding..consisted of two pairs of heavy blankets, a buffalo robe, a rubber blanket and a pillow. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Buffalon.² Brit. /ˈbʌfələʊ/, U.S. /ˈbəf(ə)ˌloʊ/ Forms: also with lower-case initial. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Buffalo. Etymology: < Buffalo, the name of a city in New York State, where the recipe was developed in 1964 at the Anchor Bar. Cookery (originally and chiefly U.S.). attributive. Designating a chicken wing deep fried and coated in a spicy sauce; esp. in Buffalo chicken wing, Buffalo wing. ΚΠ 1980 C. Trillin in New Yorker 25 Aug. 84/1 The invention of the Buffalo chicken wing came about because of..the delivery of some chicken wings instead of the backs and necks that were ordinarily used in making spaghetti sauce. 1989 Washington Post 6 Sept. a3 At Frank and Teressa's Anchor Bar, where Buffalo chicken wings were invented as bar snacks in 1964, owner Dominic Bellissimo sells 67,000 pounds of spicy wings each month. 1995 Brew Mar. 19/2 In keeping with the ‘hot and spicy’ craze going on in this country right now, the menu offers appetizers such as deep-fried green chili peppers and buffalo wings coated with Louisiana hot sauce. 2002 Philadelphia Inquirer Mag. 22 Dec. 23/3 I even loved the high-class take on Buffalo wings, which opted for meaty drumstick ‘lollipops’ and a killer sauce with vinegar and spice. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021). buffalov. Etymology: < buffalo n.¹Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈbuffalo. North American slang. transitive. To overpower, overawe, or constrain by superior force or influence; to outwit, perplex. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > perplexity, bewilderment > act of perplexing > confuse, perplex, bewilder [verb (transitive)] > nonplus stagger1556 gravel1566 set1577 trump1586 bumbaze1587 puzzlec1595 ground1597 stunt1603 nonplus1605 pose1605 stumble1605 buzzard1624 quandary1681 bamboozle1712 hobble1762 stump1807 have1816 floor1830 flummox1837 stick1851 get1868 to stick up1897 buffalo1903 1903 Cincinnati Enquirer 9 May 13/1 Buffaloed—Bluffed. 1904 N.Y. Evening Post 25 Oct. 10 All the rest [of the newspapers] were what we used to term in the Southwest ‘buffaloed’ by the McKinley myth—that is, silenced by the fear of incurring the resentment of a people taught to regard McKinley as a saint. 1910 W. M. Raine Bucky O'Connor 77 O'Connor admitted that he was ‘buffaloed’ when he attempted an analysis of his unusual feeling. 1913 C. E. Mulford Coming of Cassidy xiii. 214 It ain't his fault that Waffles buffaloed you fellers out of th' Hills, is it? 1920 E. W. Bok Americanization of Edward Bok (1921) 321 That fellow Bok certainly has the women buffaloed for good. 1947 E. A. McCourt Flaming Hour 118 Jerry Potts himself would have been buffaloed. Derivatives Thesaurus » Categories » ˈbuffaloed adj. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < n.¹1588n.²1980v.1903
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buffalon.1

Derivatives

Compounds

Buffalon.2

buffalov.

Derivatives

buffalon.¹

Buffalon.²