wallwortn.

/ˈwɔːlwət/

Forms: Old English walhwyrt, wealwyrt, walwyrt, wælwyrt, vealvyrt, Middle English, 1500s walwurt, Middle English–1600s walwort (Middle English -wourte), 1500s walworte, walwoort, ( wolworte, walworth), Middle English welleuort, wallewort, 1500s wallwurte, 1500s– wallwort.

Etymology: Old English wealhwyrt , < wealh, a (Celtic or Roman) foreigner, a ‘Welshman’ (see Welsh adj.) + wyrt herb, plant, wort n.¹It is very unlikely that wealh in this word has the same import as in wealh-hnutu walnut n.¹, where it is equivalent to ‘exotic’; no reason can be shown why the Dwarf Elder should have been called ‘the foreign herb’. More probably the name, like its later synonyms Danewort n., Danes'-blood n., Daneweed n., expresses the popular belief that this plant was a product of soil fertilized by the carnage of battle. When the ‘Welshman’ was succeeded by the Dane as the foe on English soil, the plant supposed to be a native of battlefields received a new name. It is possible, though not certain, that the occasional Old English form wælwyrt is not a variant of wealhwyrt , but a separate word, < wæl slaughter, the slain in battle (see wal n.). Compare lich-wort n. at lich n. Compounds (literally ‘corpse-plant’), which in the earliest known example (c1450) denotes the Dwarf Elder, though it was soon afterwards misapplied (through misinterpretation of its synonym wallwort : compare 2 below) to the Pellitory of the Wall. It is very remarkable that in Swedish the Dwarf Elder is locally called Danskablod (Danes' blood), mannablod (men's blood), mannaört (ört = wort n.¹) and valört; in the last name the first element may correspond either to Old English wealh ‘Welshman’ or to Old English wæl slaughter; the latter is the more probable supposition, as the early battles of the Swedes were not fought against Celts or Romans. Kilian's alleged obsolete Flemish waleworte is suspicious, because Kilian cites the English word.

1. The caprifoliaceous plant Sambucus Ebulus, also called Dwarf Elder, Ground Elder, Danewort, Danes' Blood, and Daneweed. It has a nauseous taste and an offensive odour, and was formerly valued as a styptic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > dwarf elder

wallwortc725

lithwortc1000

ebulla1398

lich-wortc1450

Daneworta1491

Danes'-blood1590

Daneweed1737

c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) E 11 Ebulum walhwyrt.

c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) I. 184 Intula, uualhwyrt.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 30 Wið ðeore, ealhtre, wælwyrt, weoduweaxe [etc.].

c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 302 Ebule vel eobulum, Veal vyrt vel ellenvyrt.

a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 555/10 Ebulum, i. eble, i. walwurt.

a1400–50 Stockh. Med. MS 185 Lesse walwourt (ebullus minor).

a1400–50 Stockh. Med. MS. i. 304 in Anglia XVIII. 302 Take..jws of walwort & of morele.

a1400–50 Stockh. Med. MS. i. 304 in Anglia XVIII. 321, 303 Take walwort-rotys, styf & starke.

c1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula (1910) 31 Þer is a naturel vertu in walwort þat moste wele restreyneþ blode of woundes.

c1450 Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 51/2 Ebulus uel Ebula, gall. eble, angl. welleuort.

a1491 J. Rous Hist. Regum Angliæ (1716) 104 Videre etiam possumus..in villagiis juxta Warwicum, ubi circa maneria populi erant trucidati [by the Danes in 1016], ex sanguine hominum ibi interfectorum herbam ebuli, id est, Walwort, habundanter crescere, quæ ex ebullitione sanguinis humani naturaliter originem trahit.

1541 Bk. Propertyes Herbes (new ed.) sig. C vij Ebulus minor. Thys is the less Wolworte. It is somewhat like to Walworte.

1650 W. How Phytologia Britannica 35 Ebulus Chamæacte, sive Sambucus humilis, in agris & cœmeteriis. Wallwort, Dwarfe Elder, or Daneweed.

1778 G. White Let. 3 July in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 236 Sambucus ebulus, dwarf elder, walwort, or danewort.

2. Erroneous uses. Through misunderstanding of the first element (as if wall n.¹) the name has been applied in Herbals, Dictionaries, etc. to the Pellitory of the Wall, and other plants growing on walls. As the word pellitory n.¹ has a double origin, partly representing Latin parietāria ( < pariēs wall) and partly representing Latin pyrethrum, the mistaken identification of wallwort with the Pellitory of the Wall led to the further error of applying the name to the Pellitory of Spain ( Anacletus pyrethrum). The application of the name to the Comfrey (Symphyton) in quot. 1567 is due to confusion with German wallwurz (said to be from wallen to heal wounds), whence Dutch waalwortel, Swedish vallört, wallgras.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > comfrey

gallocc1000

comfreyc1265

consolida1480

wallwort1561

consound1578

ass-ear1585

blackwort1597

knit-back1597

back-wort1598

knit-wort1611

boneset1653

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Urticaceae (nettle and allies) > [noun] > pellitory of the wall

parietaryc1395

pellitory of the wallc1435

wallwort1561

hammerwort1597

1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 43 Let hym take the roote of Piretrum, that is Walworte in hys mouth, and chawe it.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 63 Walwort the Greekes cal Symphyton..It helpeth and putteth away bloud spitting.

1857 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. V. 33 Common Pellitory..The herb was formerly called Wall-wort.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	wallwort
释义	wallwortn. /ˈwɔːlwət/ Forms: Old English walhwyrt, wealwyrt, walwyrt, wælwyrt, vealvyrt, Middle English, 1500s walwurt, Middle English–1600s walwort (Middle English -wourte), 1500s walworte, walwoort, ( wolworte, walworth), Middle English welleuort, wallewort, 1500s wallwurte, 1500s– wallwort. Etymology: Old English wealhwyrt , < wealh, a (Celtic or Roman) foreigner, a ‘Welshman’ (see Welsh adj.) + wyrt herb, plant, wort n.¹It is very unlikely that wealh in this word has the same import as in wealh-hnutu walnut n.¹, where it is equivalent to ‘exotic’; no reason can be shown why the Dwarf Elder should have been called ‘the foreign herb’. More probably the name, like its later synonyms Danewort n., Danes'-blood n., Daneweed n., expresses the popular belief that this plant was a product of soil fertilized by the carnage of battle. When the ‘Welshman’ was succeeded by the Dane as the foe on English soil, the plant supposed to be a native of battlefields received a new name. It is possible, though not certain, that the occasional Old English form wælwyrt is not a variant of wealhwyrt , but a separate word, < wæl slaughter, the slain in battle (see wal n.). Compare lich-wort n. at lich n. Compounds (literally ‘corpse-plant’), which in the earliest known example (c1450) denotes the Dwarf Elder, though it was soon afterwards misapplied (through misinterpretation of its synonym wallwort : compare 2 below) to the Pellitory of the Wall. It is very remarkable that in Swedish the Dwarf Elder is locally called Danskablod (Danes' blood), mannablod (men's blood), mannaört (ört = wort n.¹) and valört; in the last name the first element may correspond either to Old English wealh ‘Welshman’ or to Old English wæl slaughter; the latter is the more probable supposition, as the early battles of the Swedes were not fought against Celts or Romans. Kilian's alleged obsolete Flemish waleworte is suspicious, because Kilian cites the English word. 1. The caprifoliaceous plant Sambucus Ebulus, also called Dwarf Elder, Ground Elder, Danewort, Danes' Blood, and Daneweed. It has a nauseous taste and an offensive odour, and was formerly valued as a styptic. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > dwarf elder wallwortc725 lithwortc1000 ebulla1398 lich-wortc1450 Daneworta1491 Danes'-blood1590 Daneweed1737 c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) E 11 Ebulum walhwyrt. c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) I. 184 Intula, uualhwyrt. c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 30 Wið ðeore, ealhtre, wælwyrt, weoduweaxe [etc.]. c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 302 Ebule vel eobulum, Veal vyrt vel ellenvyrt. a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 555/10 Ebulum, i. eble, i. walwurt. a1400–50 Stockh. Med. MS 185 Lesse walwourt (ebullus minor). a1400–50 Stockh. Med. MS. i. 304 in Anglia XVIII. 302 Take..jws of walwort & of morele. a1400–50 Stockh. Med. MS. i. 304 in Anglia XVIII. 321, 303 Take walwort-rotys, styf & starke. c1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula (1910) 31 Þer is a naturel vertu in walwort þat moste wele restreyneþ blode of woundes. c1450 Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 51/2 Ebulus uel Ebula, gall. eble, angl. welleuort. a1491 J. Rous Hist. Regum Angliæ (1716) 104 Videre etiam possumus..in villagiis juxta Warwicum, ubi circa maneria populi erant trucidati [by the Danes in 1016], ex sanguine hominum ibi interfectorum herbam ebuli, id est, Walwort, habundanter crescere, quæ ex ebullitione sanguinis humani naturaliter originem trahit. 1541 Bk. Propertyes Herbes (new ed.) sig. C vij Ebulus minor. Thys is the less Wolworte. It is somewhat like to Walworte. 1650 W. How Phytologia Britannica 35 Ebulus Chamæacte, sive Sambucus humilis, in agris & cœmeteriis. Wallwort, Dwarfe Elder, or Daneweed. 1778 G. White Let. 3 July in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 236 Sambucus ebulus, dwarf elder, walwort, or danewort. 2. Erroneous uses. Through misunderstanding of the first element (as if wall n.¹) the name has been applied in Herbals, Dictionaries, etc. to the Pellitory of the Wall, and other plants growing on walls. As the word pellitory n.¹ has a double origin, partly representing Latin parietāria ( < pariēs wall) and partly representing Latin pyrethrum, the mistaken identification of wallwort with the Pellitory of the Wall led to the further error of applying the name to the Pellitory of Spain ( Anacletus pyrethrum). The application of the name to the Comfrey (Symphyton) in quot. 1567 is due to confusion with German wallwurz (said to be from wallen to heal wounds), whence Dutch waalwortel, Swedish vallört, wallgras. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > comfrey gallocc1000 comfreyc1265 consolida1480 wallwort1561 consound1578 ass-ear1585 blackwort1597 knit-back1597 back-wort1598 knit-wort1611 boneset1653 the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Urticaceae (nettle and allies) > [noun] > pellitory of the wall parietaryc1395 pellitory of the wallc1435 wallwort1561 hammerwort1597 1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 43 Let hym take the roote of Piretrum, that is Walworte in hys mouth, and chawe it. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 63 Walwort the Greekes cal Symphyton..It helpeth and putteth away bloud spitting. 1857 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. V. 33 Common Pellitory..The herb was formerly called Wall-wort. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.c725
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