water horsen.

Brit.

/ˈwɔːtə ˌhɔːs/, U.S.

/ˈwɔdər ˌhɔrs/,

/ˈwɑdər ˌhɔrs/

Forms: see water n. and horse n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: water n., horse n.

Etymology: < water n. + horse n.In sense 1 translating post-classical Latin hippopotamus and its etymon Hellenistic Greek ἱπποπόταμος hippopotamus n., chiefly as an etymologizing gloss. Compare Middle Dutch wāterpērt (Dutch waterpaard , now rare), Middle High German (in late sources) wasserpfärt (German †Wasserpferd ), in same sense. Compare river horse n. 1. In use in sense 3 with reference to Scotland after Scottish Gaelic each uisge (1800 or earlier; < each horse + uisge water (see usquebaugh n.); compare Early Irish ech uisci , in the same sense (rare), although it is unclear whether this is the direct precursor of the Scottish Gaelic word or an independent parallel formation. Compare earlier water bull n. at water n. Compounds 8c.

1. The hippopotamus, Hippopotamus amphibius. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > [noun] > group Suiformes (hippos and pigs) > family Hippopotamidae > hippopotamus, amphibiusi, or hippo

hippopotamusa1398

water horsea1398

river horse1583

seahorse1600

sea-ox1600

morse1703

sea-cow1731

hippo1850

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. xxvi. 681 Some fysshe secheþ here mete oneliche in watir, and some by nyȝt vpon þe londe, as ypotamus ‘the water hors’.

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 65 ^v The water Horsse of the Sea is called an Hyppotame.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. ix. xii. 242 Some [water beasts] have a skin over them, and the same hairie, as the Seales and Water-horses [L. hippopotami].

a1642 W. Monson Naval Tracts (1704) iv. 425/2 In the Lake of Zembre..there are Water-Horses, and Water-Oxen.

1840 S. Perkins World as it is (ed. 5) xvii. 455 The animal, though called the water horse, more nearly resembles an unwieldy ox.

1894 Partial Catal. Zool. Coll. (Mus. Biol. Univ. Missouri) 6 Hippopotamus or Water Horse—H. amphibius.—L. Central and South Africa.

1922 Boys' Life Mar. 13/1 The grass billows hid the spot where he last saw the African water-horse.

1969 Field & Stream May 86/2 Not much left of that water-horse but skin and a bad smell.

2. Newfoundland. A pile or stack of split and salted whole cod, rinsed and arranged in layers to drain before drying. Also occasionally as mass noun. Sometimes attributive, esp. as waterhorse fish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > cod

cod1357

codfisha1399

cod's head1545

New-land fish1580

bank fish1584

Newfoundland fish1589

water horse1777

coddiea1870

rounder1907

1663 J. Yonge Jrnl. (1963) (modernized text) iii. 57 The fish being salted, lies 3 or 4 days, sometimes (if bad weather) 8 or 10 days, and is then washed by the boys in salt or fresh water and laid in a pile skin upward on a platt of beach stones, which they call a horse.]

1777 G. Cartwright Jrnl. Resid. Coast Labrador 5 Aug. (1792) II. 242 Fourteen quintals of fish were washed, the water-horse was carried out, and the green fish were spread.

1792 G. Cartwright Jrnl. Resid. Coast Labrador II. Gloss. p. x Water-horse, newly washed codfish, which are laid upon each other to drain before they are spread to dry.

1818 E. Chappell Voy. Newfoundland & Labrador v. 128 The fish are then taken to a convenient spot, and piled up to drain; and the heap, thus formed, is styled ‘a water-horse’.

1866 W. Wilson Newfoundland & its Missionaries vi. 211 The quantity of fish in the water-horse is indefinite.

1963 Amer. Speech 38 300 Water horse, salt fish just washed from a vat.

1966 A. R. Scammell My Newfoundland 49 The Blanchard women were spreading out green, waterhorse fish.

1996 M. E. Ferguson Making Fish: Salt-cod Processing on East Coast Newfoundland (M.A. thesis, Memorial Univ. Newfoundland) 166 A key requirement for drying waterhorse was a cool and windy spot.

3. Mythology. In Scotland and northern England: a spirit, usually taking the form of a horse, said to haunt lakes and other bodies of water. Cf. kelpie n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > fairy or elf > [noun] > nature-spirit > inhabiting water > kelpie

kelpiea1759

river horse1851

water horse1893

1893 S. O. Addy Hall of Waltheof x. 85 A fabulous water-goblin mostly appearing in the shape of a gray water-horse.

1903 Bradford Antiq. July 343 A water-horse or sprite that demands at least one life annually.

1925 Folk-lore 36 169 In another tale of a man who had been carried into the water by a water-horse, it is the victim's lungs and not his liver which come ashore the next day.

1999 J. Hunter Delight x. 110 ‘The castle is under a spell,’ Hildegarde said... ‘There is a water horse in the loch.’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	water horse
释义	water horsen. Brit. /ˈwɔːtə ˌhɔːs/, U.S. /ˈwɔdər ˌhɔrs/, /ˈwɑdər ˌhɔrs/ Forms: see water n. and horse n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: water n., horse n. Etymology: < water n. + horse n.In sense 1 translating post-classical Latin hippopotamus and its etymon Hellenistic Greek ἱπποπόταμος hippopotamus n., chiefly as an etymologizing gloss. Compare Middle Dutch wāterpērt (Dutch waterpaard , now rare), Middle High German (in late sources) wasserpfärt (German †Wasserpferd ), in same sense. Compare river horse n. 1. In use in sense 3 with reference to Scotland after Scottish Gaelic each uisge (1800 or earlier; < each horse + uisge water (see usquebaugh n.); compare Early Irish ech uisci , in the same sense (rare), although it is unclear whether this is the direct precursor of the Scottish Gaelic word or an independent parallel formation. Compare earlier water bull n. at water n. Compounds 8c. 1. The hippopotamus, Hippopotamus amphibius. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > [noun] > group Suiformes (hippos and pigs) > family Hippopotamidae > hippopotamus, amphibiusi, or hippo hippopotamusa1398 water horsea1398 river horse1583 seahorse1600 sea-ox1600 morse1703 sea-cow1731 hippo1850 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. xxvi. 681 Some fysshe secheþ here mete oneliche in watir, and some by nyȝt vpon þe londe, as ypotamus ‘the water hors’. 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 65 ^v The water Horsse of the Sea is called an Hyppotame. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. ix. xii. 242 Some [water beasts] have a skin over them, and the same hairie, as the Seales and Water-horses [L. hippopotami]. a1642 W. Monson Naval Tracts (1704) iv. 425/2 In the Lake of Zembre..there are Water-Horses, and Water-Oxen. 1840 S. Perkins World as it is (ed. 5) xvii. 455 The animal, though called the water horse, more nearly resembles an unwieldy ox. 1894 Partial Catal. Zool. Coll. (Mus. Biol. Univ. Missouri) 6 Hippopotamus or Water Horse—H. amphibius.—L. Central and South Africa. 1922 Boys' Life Mar. 13/1 The grass billows hid the spot where he last saw the African water-horse. 1969 Field & Stream May 86/2 Not much left of that water-horse but skin and a bad smell. 2. Newfoundland. A pile or stack of split and salted whole cod, rinsed and arranged in layers to drain before drying. Also occasionally as mass noun. Sometimes attributive, esp. as waterhorse fish. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > cod cod1357 codfisha1399 cod's head1545 New-land fish1580 bank fish1584 Newfoundland fish1589 water horse1777 coddiea1870 rounder1907 1663 J. Yonge Jrnl. (1963) (modernized text) iii. 57 The fish being salted, lies 3 or 4 days, sometimes (if bad weather) 8 or 10 days, and is then washed by the boys in salt or fresh water and laid in a pile skin upward on a platt of beach stones, which they call a horse.] 1777 G. Cartwright Jrnl. Resid. Coast Labrador 5 Aug. (1792) II. 242 Fourteen quintals of fish were washed, the water-horse was carried out, and the green fish were spread. 1792 G. Cartwright Jrnl. Resid. Coast Labrador II. Gloss. p. x Water-horse, newly washed codfish, which are laid upon each other to drain before they are spread to dry. 1818 E. Chappell Voy. Newfoundland & Labrador v. 128 The fish are then taken to a convenient spot, and piled up to drain; and the heap, thus formed, is styled ‘a water-horse’. 1866 W. Wilson Newfoundland & its Missionaries vi. 211 The quantity of fish in the water-horse is indefinite. 1963 Amer. Speech 38 300 Water horse, salt fish just washed from a vat. 1966 A. R. Scammell My Newfoundland 49 The Blanchard women were spreading out green, waterhorse fish. 1996 M. E. Ferguson Making Fish: Salt-cod Processing on East Coast Newfoundland (M.A. thesis, Memorial Univ. Newfoundland) 166 A key requirement for drying waterhorse was a cool and windy spot. 3. Mythology. In Scotland and northern England: a spirit, usually taking the form of a horse, said to haunt lakes and other bodies of water. Cf. kelpie n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > fairy or elf > [noun] > nature-spirit > inhabiting water > kelpie kelpiea1759 river horse1851 water horse1893 1893 S. O. Addy Hall of Waltheof x. 85 A fabulous water-goblin mostly appearing in the shape of a gray water-horse. 1903 Bradford Antiq. July 343 A water-horse or sprite that demands at least one life annually. 1925 Folk-lore 36 169 In another tale of a man who had been carried into the water by a water-horse, it is the victim's lungs and not his liver which come ashore the next day. 1999 J. Hunter Delight x. 110 ‘The castle is under a spell,’ Hildegarde said... ‘There is a water horse in the loch.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
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