wainn.¹

Brit.

/weɪn/, U.S.

/weɪn/

Forms: Old English wægn, ( wegn), wægen, wǽn, Middle English Orm. waȝȝn, Middle English–1600s wayne, waine, Middle English–1600s wayn, (Middle English wayen, 1500s waayne, Middle English Scottish vayn), Middle English weyne, (Middle English wene, 1500s weene, weane, 1600s wean, whene), Middle English–1600s wane, Middle English– wain.

Etymology: Old English wægen , wǽn , strong masculine = Old Frisian wein strong masculine (modern West Frisian wein , woin , wīn , North Frisian wein , wā(i)nj ), Old Low Frankish reidi-wagan (Middle Dutch waeghen , Dutch wagen ), Middle Low German, Low German wagen , Old High German wagan strong masculine (Middle High German, German wagen ), Old Norse vagn strong masculine cart, barrow (Norwegian vagn the Great Bear, vogn cart, Danish vogn , Swedish vagn cart) < Old Germanic *wagno-z < pre-Germanic *woghno-s < Indo-European root *wegh- , *wogh- to carry, etc.: compare weigh v.¹, waw v.¹, waw v.², way n.¹ Outside Germanic cognate words of similar meaning are Irish fén ( < pre-Celtic *weghno-s) wagon, Greek ὄχος (ϝόχος < *wogho-s), chariot, Sanskrit vahana neuter, vāhana neuter, chariot. The pre-Germanic form may possibly have been *weghno-s, corresponding with the pre-Celtic form; there is some evidence of an Old Germanic change of we- to wa- before consonant groups.

a. A large open vehicle, drawn by horses or oxen, for carrying heavy loads, esp. of agricultural produce; usually four-wheeled (but see 1b); a wagon.The word does not occur in the Bible of 1611, though Wyclif and the 16th cent. translators use it. As a colloquial word it survives only in dialects, but in poetry it is commonly used instead of wagon.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > types of > wagon (usually four-wheeled)

wainc725

wagon1523

load wagon1659

freighter1885

c725 Corpus Gl. (Hessels) U 143 Ueniculum [read Uehiculum], wægn.

OE Beowulf 3134 Þa wæs wunden gold on wæn hladen.

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8596 Þat þer nas non so heuy charge of wayn ne of oþer þinge þat me ne miȝte ouer grete wateres boþe lede & bringe.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2362 He bad cartes and waines nimen, And fechen wiues and childre and men, And gaf hem ðor al lond gersen.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. lxxii. 961 Hey is ymowe whanne it is ful growe... And atte last yladde home in cartes and in waynes and ybrouȝt into bernes for dyuers vse and needes.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5229 His suns all and þair flitting,..In weynis war þai don to lede.

1449 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 92 For custom for our wene to Bristowe warde comyng and goyng, iiij d.

1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 182 The said tenandis..sal led to the abbay viii score of fuderis of petis the abbai fyndand wanis meit and drink to the ledaris.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 137 Thei haue noo howses, caryenge theire wyfes and children in waynes [L. in plaustris].

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 24 A litill stane oft, as men sayis, May ger weltir ane mekill wane.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 164 That apon his cowyn gat he Men that mycht enbuschement ma, Quhill that he vith his vayn [1489 Adv. wayn] suld ga Till lede thaim hay in-to the peill.

1521 Lincoln Wills (1914) I. 88 To William my son my bonden wane, ij oxen that cam from Hornecastell, [etc.].

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. iii^v And or he shall lode his corne, he must haue a wayne a copyoke.., a pycforke.

1576 Act 18 Eliz. c. 10 §1 Everye person..shalbe charged to finde..one Carte Wayne Tumbrell..Carres or Dragges furnished for thamendment..of the Highe wayes within the severall Parishes.

1588 in Archaeologia (1913) 64 366 For viij weanes of Pilleseley which ladd Timber from Penttridge, xvj d.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 19 Alexander the great set on fier with his owne hands the wanes of carriage taken from Darius.

1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) v. I i The horses trample ore Safely where ships haue saild; the Bessians Furrow Mæotis frozen backe with waines.

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Wee leade in our Winter-corne usually with thre[e] waines.

1688 W. Scot True Hist. Families i. (1894) 35 According to the old Proverb, They but fell from the Wains tail.

a1732 T. Boston Memoirs (1776) vii. 108 On Thursday..came the wains with the household-furniture from Dunse.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 296 From the sun-burnt hay-field, homeward creeps The loaded wain.

1805 W. Wordsworth Waggoner i. 29 That far-off tinkling's drowsy cheer,..The Wain announces.

1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. xiii. 324 The high roads were..choked with loaded wains, whose axle-trees cracked under their burdens.

1827 O. W. Roberts Narr. Voy. Central Amer. 210 A few large wains or waggons.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 608 The wains which carried the ammunition remained at the entrance of the moor.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cxix. 186 The team is loosen'd from the wain, The boat is drawn upon the shore.

1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 565 Wain, the obsolete form of wagon, is still in daily use in some parts of the United States, e.g. in the peninsula east of the Chesapeake.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iv. §5. 197 To the lesser nobles..the long wain of goods as it passed along the highway, was a tempting prey.

1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 32 Some of the Avon villages are full of interest. Here you may see the great four-horse wain, common on the roads in the days of our grandfathers.

b. In local uses, applied to some particular kind of wagon or cart.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > types of > wagon (usually four-wheeled) > specific local varieties

wain1534

1534 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII VII. 208 One weene with two whyles.

1704 Dict. Rusticum at Cart It is a Cart when drawn by Horses, hath two sides called Trills; but a Wain when drawn by Oxen, and hath a Wain Cope.

1796 W. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. II. 8 A singular kind of two-wheel carriage, for Horses or Oxen, is here [sc. Cornwall] in common use;..it is called a ‘wain’; and it is a hay cart, or wain, without sides: having only two arches bending over the wheels, to keep the load from bearing upon them! with a wince behind.

1835 C. Howard Gen. View Agric. E. Riding Yorks. 4 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) (1840) III The wain, a large cart upon broad wheels, with a pole, and drawn by a pair of oxen, is much used at Scoreby.

1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. 555 The veritable Wain, now never seen, was a narrow, long-bodied vehicle, with two wheels only, and these at the hinder end. The front or foremost end trailed along the ground.

c. poetic. A car or chariot. Chiefly figurative or in mythological use. In Middle English often applied to the Four Gospels, symbolized as a four-horsed chariot (= Latin quadriga).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > types of carriage > chariot

wainc1175

carc1350

chairc1374

chariotc1374

curre1483

wagon1582

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Pref. l. 21 Þatt waȝȝn iss nemmnedd quaþþrigan Þatt hafeþþ fowwre wheless.

c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 258 See now þe secunde wheel in þis deuelis wayn.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 21264 Four ar þai tald, þe wangelistes, þat draues þe wain þat es cristes.

1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. 630 Wher halved is þe standyng estyval Of fresche Appollo with his golden Wayn.

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Jan. 74 Phœbus gan auaile, His weary waine.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D2^v May seeme the wayne was very euill ledd When such an one had guiding of the way, That knew not, whether right he went, or else astray.

1638 R. Baker tr. J. L. G. de Balzac New Epist. III. 86 Not when the Moone accomplishing her way Vpon her silver wayne..presents the day.

1706 D. Defoe Jure Divino xi. 1 [They] Jointly drive the Wain of Government.

1714 Steele's Poet. Misc. 112 He..charm'd the Wain of Night along, With his soft harmonious Song.

1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche ii. xx. 22 They set on high upon the bridal wain Her bed for bier, and yet no corpse thereon.

Proverb.13.. All too Late 7 in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 250 Al to late. al to late. þen is te wayn atte yate.c1420 Wyntoun Cron. i. 640 Than to cry mercy is to lait, The wane þan standis at þe ȝate.

d. A wain-load, wagon-load.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > a load as a quantity > cart- or wagon-load

cart-loada1300

cartful1399

wain-weight15..

job1560

wain1613

trollful1663

wainful1713

wagon-load1721

team1789

wagonful1846

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. x. 395 Thither they bring euery yeare an hundred and fiftie waines of twigges.

†e. poetic. winged wain, a ship. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [noun]

bark1477

sail1517

winged wain1605

sailing-boat1721

sailing-vesselc1748

hogboat1784

sail-boat1798

sail-shipa1850

sailer1871

sailing-ship1871

windjammer1880

windbag1924

windship1934

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 333 The Masters skilfull most, With gentle gales driuen to their wished Coast, Not with lesse labour guide their winged waynes On th'azure fore-head of the liquid plaines.

2. (Now with capital initial.) The group of seven bright stars in the constellation called the Great Bear: more fully Charles's Wain n. Lesser Wain: the similarly shaped group of seven stars in the Little Bear.Old English had wǽnes þísl or þísla, ‘pole or poles of the wain’. With Scott's ‘Arthur's slow wain’ cf. ‘Arthouris Plowe’, Lydg. Chron. Troy i. 682; Arthur here represents Arcturus, regarded as the teamster or wagoner of the plough or wain.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Ursa Major > Charles's Wain

wainc888

Charles's Waina1000

sistersc1425

chariot1555

Triones1594

north car1633

northern car1697

wagon1867

the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Ursa Minor > Lesser Wain

Lesser Wain1669

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxix. §3 Swa swa tunglu..þe we hatað wænes ðisla.

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. met. v. 5 Who so þat.. wot nat why þe sterre Bootes passeþ or gadereþ his weynes.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 248^v We iudged them to bee the chariotte or wayne of the south.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vi. xxii. 130 The starres about the North pole, called Septentriones, the Waines or Beares.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. vi. 95 The..two Bears..Whose hinder parts and Tails contain The lesser and the greater Wain.

1712 A. Pope tr. Statius First Bk. Thebais in Misc. Poems 36 When Clouds conceal Boötes' golden Wain.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. xvii. 19 Arthur's slow wain his course doth roll, In utter darkness, round the pole.

1812 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Paradiso xiii. 7 The wain, that, in the bosom of our sky, Spins ever on its axle night and day.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xcix. 152 At noon or when the lesser wain Is twisting round the polar star.

1882 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. The-wain-and-horses, sb., Ursa Major.

1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid i, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 105 Bright Arcturus, the showery Hyads, the Bear, and the Wain.

3. A rendering of Latin plaustrum (lit. ‘wagon’) used in the Vulgate for a kind of thrashing instrument with wheels.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [noun] > threshing > machine or device for

waina1382

mill1669

threshing machine1735

threshing mill1768

thrashing machine1771

thresher1778

thrashing mill1790

steamer1898

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xli. 15 I haue set thee as a newe wayn [1609 Douay, a newe threshing wayne] thresshende.

1778 R. Lowth Isaiah xxviii. 27–28 Nor is the wheel of the wain made to turn upon the cummin: But the dill is beaten out with the staff; And the cummin with the flail: but the bread~corn with the threshing-wain.

Compounds

General attributive.

C1. Obvious combinations.

† wain-axtree n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 One pare of newe car wheles, both wane ashe tres [etc.].

wain-blade n. (blade n. 10b).

ΚΠ

1557 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 A pare of wayne blayds.

wain-body n.

ΚΠ

1390–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 392 In factura unius waynbody, 6d.

† wain-cart n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fij One preached of late not farre hence, in no Pulpet, but in Waayne carte, That spake enough of this.

wain-driver n.

ΚΠ

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wayne dryuer, iugarius.

wain-felloe n.

ΚΠ

1360 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) p. liii j gange de waine~felies de fraxino.

1558 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 162 Twoo gang of wayne fellowes w^th heades & moldeburdes.

† wain-folk n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 55 It is a greate furtherance to have one to teame the waines whiles that the wainefolkes are att breakefast.

wain-gear n.

ΚΠ

1538 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 75 All maner of..wayne geir.

1557 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 128 Waynes and wayne geare.

wain-head n. (also attributive.)

ΚΠ

1551 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1902) I. 59 One waynehedeyoke, one bolt and one shakill.

1557 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 One yron bound wayne..with wayne hed, [etc.].

1563 in J. C. Hodgson Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1906) III. 28 An yrone bounde wayne with a turne teame and a waine head shakle.

wain-horse n.

ΚΠ

1727 E. Laurence Duty of Steward 71 The Steward should see that the Wain-Horses and Oxen be muzzled, to prevent their cropping the young Springs.

1800 J. Hurdis Favorite Village ii. 57 The stout wain-horse of encumbrance stript.

wain-load n.

ΚΠ

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 101^v An other [oak] in an other place, that being cutte out, made a hundred Wayne lode.

1700 O. Heywood Autobiogr., Diaries, Anecd. & Event Bks. (1885) IV. 238 A wainload of timber, 8 oxen and an horse.

wain-wheel n.

ΚΠ

1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 One pare of newe waine wheles.

C2. Special combinations.

† wain-beam n. Obsolete the pole of a wagon (used to translate Latin temo).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole

thillc1325

limber1480

sway1535

neap1553

draught-tree1580

wain-beam1589

beam1600

fills1609

spire1609

foreteam?1611

verge1611

shaft1613

rangy1657

pole1683

thrill1688

trill1688

rod1695

range1702

neb1710

sharp1733

tram1766

carriage pole1767

sill1787

tongue1792

nib1808

dissel-boom1822

tongue-tree1829

reach1869

wain-stang1876

1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks iii. 42 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks Let it creake afterwards, and let the brasen wainbeame strong Draw both the wheels together ioind.

1650 tr. J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Reserata Foundat. T 9 One overcom with wine guid's the wain-beam [L. temonem] rashly.

† wain-clout n. Obsolete the iron covering for the axle-tree of a wagon (see clout n.² 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > covering for axle-tree

cart-clout1446

wain-clout1454

cloutc1485

1454 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 149 ij wayneclowtez.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. iiii [The] whelys..must haue an axyltre clout with eight wayne cloutes of yron.

1596 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 259 v teames, ij horse-teames.., vij wayne cloutes [etc.].

† wain-cope n. Obsolete (see quot. and cope n.⁴, cop n.⁴).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > part to which animals are yoked

wain-cope1688

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 339/2 The waine Cop, that part which the hinder Oxen are yoked unto to draw the Waine.

1704 Dict. Rusticum at Cart The Wain-Cope, is a long piece that comes out from the Wain-body, to which Oxen are fastned.

wain-flakes n. [= Middle Low German wagenvleke] dialect the movable side-boards of a wagon, used to increase its carrying capacity.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > body > plank or rail > to increase capacity

cart-staff1297

thripple14..

rathe1459

summer1510

cart-ladder?1523

rail1530

rave1530

shelboard1569

wain-flakes1570

load-pina1642

shelvingsa1642

cop1679

float1686

lade1686

outrigger1794

shelvement1808

sideboard1814

heck1825

hay-rigging1855

floating rail1892

1570 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 In the yard and parke..a pare of wayne fleaks.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Wainfleeaks, the moveable side-boards of the waggon, adapted to heighten it.

† wain-fork n. Obsolete a fork used in the loading of a wagon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > fork > pitch-fork

pikeforkc1275

shakefork1338

pickfork1349

pitchfork1364

pikea1398

bicornec1420

hay-fork1552

shed-fork1559

straw-fork1573

pikel1602

sheppeck1602

corn-pike1611

wain-forka1642

pick1777

pickle1847

peak1892

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Allowinge to each waine two folkes, viz. a forker and a loader; and theire implements which they are to carry to field with them is a waineforke and a wainerake. Theire waineforke should bee in length aboute two yards and a quarter.

† wain-gate n.¹ [gate n.¹] Obsolete a gate for wains to pass through.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > opening which may be passed through > gate or gateway > for vehicles of specific kind

wain-gate1596

porte-cochère1698

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > for wheeled vehicles > for carts

cart-way1362

wain-way1579

cart-gate1594

wain-gate1596

cart-road1607

wagon-road1748

wagon-way1764

1596 in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1601, 414/1 Cum lie cairt and wane gait ad easdem [moras].

c1680 in Sussex Archaeol. Coll. (1849) 2 108 Richard Butcher..took out of y^e highway well nigh an acre of land, and made an enclosure of it, and set up a wean gate and horse gate.

† wain-gate n.² [gate n.²] Obsolete a cart-track, wagon-road.

ΚΠ

1661 Reg. Great Seal Scotl. 18/2 Therefra alongst ane old waingate till you come to the Seggiesyke.

wain-house n. obsolete exc. dialect a wagon-house, cart-shed.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] > cart- or coach house

cart-house1483

wain-house1569

wagon-house1648

coach-house1679

remise1698

chaise-house1812

carriage house1883

cart-lodge1888

1569 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1857) I. 34 With other out howses as followith..the furmost barne..the wayn howse [etc.].

1791 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 116/1 After supper, the company all attend the bailiff (or head of the oxen) to the Wain-house.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Wain-house, wagon house or cart house.

† wain-money n. Obsolete ? tolls collected from wains ( Eng. Dial. Dict.).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun] > by wheeled vehicles

wheelage1611

wain-money1626

1626 Gateshead Church Bks. (E.D.D.) Recaved of the hie ward ffor wane money, 16s.

† wain-rake n. Obsolete a rake used in the loading of a wagon with hay, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > rake > hay-rake

hay-crome1599

wain-rakea1642

hay-rake1725

hell-rake1794

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Theire wainerakes have (for the most part) theire shaftes made of saugh, theire heads of seasoned Ashe, and theire teeth of iron.

† wain-shackle n. Obsolete ? a coupling for a wagon (see shackle n.¹ 6a).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > coupling

shackle1343

wain-shackle1559

head block1851

wagon-coupling1875

thill-coupling1877

1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 iij waine shackles.

wain-stang n. dialect the projecting pole of a cart on either side of which oxen or horses may be yoked.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole

thillc1325

limber1480

sway1535

neap1553

draught-tree1580

wain-beam1589

beam1600

fills1609

spire1609

foreteam?1611

verge1611

shaft1613

rangy1657

pole1683

thrill1688

trill1688

rod1695

range1702

neb1710

sharp1733

tram1766

carriage pole1767

sill1787

tongue1792

nib1808

dissel-boom1822

tongue-tree1829

reach1869

wain-stang1876

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Wainstang, the pole projecting in front of the wagon for carrying stone blocks.

† wain-string n. Obsolete ? = wain-rope n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [noun] > harness of draught animal > traces

tracec1350

side rope1370

wain-rope1371

trace14..

soam1404

pintrace1440

side-trace1445

wain-string1464

theats1496

treat1611

trek-tow1822

trace-chain1844

tug-strap1882

trek-rope1883

trace-rope1900

1464 in W. Greenwell Feodarium Prioratus Dunelmensis (1872) 120 1 cowpe-wayne cum waynstrynges, precium iij.s.

† wain-stroke n. Obsolete a curved segment forming part of the iron rim or tire of a wagon wheel (cf. stroke n.⁴).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > parts of vehicle moving on wheels > wheel > rim > section of

strake1330

tire1485

wain-stroke1596

stroke1688

tire-iron1852

1596 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 259 vij wayne cloutes, ij hay spades,..a wayne stroke [etc.].

wain-trees n. dialect the axle-beams supporting the wagon.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > frame of cart or carriage > other frame timbers

sheth1496

summer?1523

everingsa1642

hoop-stick1794

nunter1794

transom1794

wain-trees1876

horn-bar1879

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Waintrees, the axle-beams supporting the wagon.

† wain-way n. Obsolete a wagon-road.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > for wheeled vehicles > for carts

cart-way1362

wain-way1579

cart-gate1594

wain-gate1596

cart-road1607

wagon-road1748

wagon-way1764

1579 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 189 The whene waye goinge vpp they hill.

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 40 The waine way into this close is aboute the middle of Pinder lane wheare yow are to pull downe a gappe.

† wain-weight n. Obsolete ? a wagon-load.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > a load as a quantity > cart- or wagon-load

cart-loada1300

cartful1399

wain-weight15..

job1560

wain1613

trollful1663

wainful1713

wagon-load1721

team1789

wagonful1846

15.. in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 241 Item of a wayne weicht of leid, that is to say xxiiij futemellis, iiij d.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	wain
释义	wainn.¹ Brit. /weɪn/, U.S. /weɪn/ Forms: Old English wægn, ( wegn), wægen, wǽn, Middle English Orm. waȝȝn, Middle English–1600s wayne, waine, Middle English–1600s wayn, (Middle English wayen, 1500s waayne, Middle English Scottish vayn), Middle English weyne, (Middle English wene, 1500s weene, weane, 1600s wean, whene), Middle English–1600s wane, Middle English– wain. Etymology: Old English wægen , wǽn , strong masculine = Old Frisian wein strong masculine (modern West Frisian wein , woin , wīn , North Frisian wein , wā(i)nj ), Old Low Frankish reidi-wagan (Middle Dutch waeghen , Dutch wagen ), Middle Low German, Low German wagen , Old High German wagan strong masculine (Middle High German, German wagen ), Old Norse vagn strong masculine cart, barrow (Norwegian vagn the Great Bear, vogn cart, Danish vogn , Swedish vagn cart) < Old Germanic wagno-z < pre-Germanic woghno-s < Indo-European root wegh- , wogh- to carry, etc.: compare weigh v.¹, waw v.¹, waw v.², way n.¹ Outside Germanic cognate words of similar meaning are Irish fén ( < pre-Celtic weghno-s) wagon, Greek ὄχος* (ϝόχος < wogho-s), chariot, Sanskrit vahana* neuter, vāhana neuter, chariot. The pre-Germanic form may possibly have been weghno-s, corresponding with the pre-Celtic form; there is some evidence of an Old Germanic change of we-* to wa- before consonant groups. 1. a. A large open vehicle, drawn by horses or oxen, for carrying heavy loads, esp. of agricultural produce; usually four-wheeled (but see 1b); a wagon.The word does not occur in the Bible of 1611, though Wyclif and the 16th cent. translators use it. As a colloquial word it survives only in dialects, but in poetry it is commonly used instead of wagon. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > types of > wagon (usually four-wheeled) wainc725 wagon1523 load wagon1659 freighter1885 c725 Corpus Gl. (Hessels) U 143 Ueniculum [read Uehiculum], wægn. OE Beowulf 3134 Þa wæs wunden gold on wæn hladen. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8596 Þat þer nas non so heuy charge of wayn ne of oþer þinge þat me ne miȝte ouer grete wateres boþe lede & bringe. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2362 He bad cartes and waines nimen, And fechen wiues and childre and men, And gaf hem ðor al lond gersen. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. lxxii. 961 Hey is ymowe whanne it is ful growe... And atte last yladde home in cartes and in waynes and ybrouȝt into bernes for dyuers vse and needes. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5229 His suns all and þair flitting,..In weynis war þai don to lede. 1449 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 92 For custom for our wene to Bristowe warde comyng and goyng, iiij d. 1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 182 The said tenandis..sal led to the abbay viii score of fuderis of petis the abbai fyndand wanis meit and drink to the ledaris. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 137 Thei haue noo howses, caryenge theire wyfes and children in waynes [L. in plaustris]. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 24 A litill stane oft, as men sayis, May ger weltir ane mekill wane. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 164 That apon his cowyn gat he Men that mycht enbuschement ma, Quhill that he vith his vayn [1489 Adv. wayn] suld ga Till lede thaim hay in-to the peill. 1521 Lincoln Wills (1914) I. 88 To William my son my bonden wane, ij oxen that cam from Hornecastell, [etc.]. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. iii^v And or he shall lode his corne, he must haue a wayne a copyoke.., a pycforke. 1576 Act 18 Eliz. c. 10 §1 Everye person..shalbe charged to finde..one Carte Wayne Tumbrell..Carres or Dragges furnished for thamendment..of the Highe wayes within the severall Parishes. 1588 in Archaeologia (1913) 64 366 For viij weanes of Pilleseley which ladd Timber from Penttridge, xvj d. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 19 Alexander the great set on fier with his owne hands the wanes of carriage taken from Darius. 1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) v. I i The horses trample ore Safely where ships haue saild; the Bessians Furrow Mæotis frozen backe with waines. a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Wee leade in our Winter-corne usually with thre[e] waines. 1688 W. Scot True Hist. Families i. (1894) 35 According to the old Proverb, They but fell from the Wains tail. a1732 T. Boston Memoirs (1776) vii. 108 On Thursday..came the wains with the household-furniture from Dunse. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 296 From the sun-burnt hay-field, homeward creeps The loaded wain. 1805 W. Wordsworth Waggoner i. 29 That far-off tinkling's drowsy cheer,..The Wain announces. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. xiii. 324 The high roads were..choked with loaded wains, whose axle-trees cracked under their burdens. 1827 O. W. Roberts Narr. Voy. Central Amer. 210 A few large wains or waggons. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 608 The wains which carried the ammunition remained at the entrance of the moor. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cxix. 186 The team is loosen'd from the wain, The boat is drawn upon the shore. View more context for this quotation 1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 565 Wain, the obsolete form of wagon, is still in daily use in some parts of the United States, e.g. in the peninsula east of the Chesapeake. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iv. §5. 197 To the lesser nobles..the long wain of goods as it passed along the highway, was a tempting prey. 1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 32 Some of the Avon villages are full of interest. Here you may see the great four-horse wain, common on the roads in the days of our grandfathers. b. In local uses, applied to some particular kind of wagon or cart. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > types of > wagon (usually four-wheeled) > specific local varieties wain1534 1534 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII VII. 208 One weene with two whyles. 1704 Dict. Rusticum at Cart It is a Cart when drawn by Horses, hath two sides called Trills; but a Wain when drawn by Oxen, and hath a Wain Cope. 1796 W. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. II. 8 A singular kind of two-wheel carriage, for Horses or Oxen, is here [sc. Cornwall] in common use;..it is called a ‘wain’; and it is a hay cart, or wain, without sides: having only two arches bending over the wheels, to keep the load from bearing upon them! with a wince behind. 1835 C. Howard Gen. View Agric. E. Riding Yorks. 4 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) (1840) III The wain, a large cart upon broad wheels, with a pole, and drawn by a pair of oxen, is much used at Scoreby. 1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. 555 The veritable Wain, now never seen, was a narrow, long-bodied vehicle, with two wheels only, and these at the hinder end. The front or foremost end trailed along the ground. c. poetic. A car or chariot. Chiefly figurative or in mythological use. In Middle English often applied to the Four Gospels, symbolized as a four-horsed chariot (= Latin quadriga). ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > types of carriage > chariot wainc1175 carc1350 chairc1374 chariotc1374 curre1483 wagon1582 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Pref. l. 21 Þatt waȝȝn iss nemmnedd quaþþrigan Þatt hafeþþ fowwre wheless. c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 258 See now þe secunde wheel in þis deuelis wayn. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 21264 Four ar þai tald, þe wangelistes, þat draues þe wain þat es cristes. 1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. 630 Wher halved is þe standyng estyval Of fresche Appollo with his golden Wayn. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Jan. 74 Phœbus gan auaile, His weary waine. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D2^v May seeme the wayne was very euill ledd When such an one had guiding of the way, That knew not, whether right he went, or else astray. 1638 R. Baker tr. J. L. G. de Balzac New Epist. III. 86 Not when the Moone accomplishing her way Vpon her silver wayne..presents the day. 1706 D. Defoe Jure Divino xi. 1 [They] Jointly drive the Wain of Government. 1714 Steele's Poet. Misc. 112 He..charm'd the Wain of Night along, With his soft harmonious Song. 1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche ii. xx. 22 They set on high upon the bridal wain Her bed for bier, and yet no corpse thereon. Proverb.13.. All too Late 7 in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 250 Al to late. al to late. þen is te wayn atte yate.c1420 Wyntoun Cron. i. 640 Than to cry mercy is to lait, The wane þan standis at þe ȝate. d. A wain-load, wagon-load. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > a load as a quantity > cart- or wagon-load cart-loada1300 cartful1399 wain-weight15.. job1560 wain1613 trollful1663 wainful1713 wagon-load1721 team1789 wagonful1846 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. x. 395 Thither they bring euery yeare an hundred and fiftie waines of twigges. †e. poetic. winged wain, a ship. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [noun] bark1477 sail1517 winged wain1605 sailing-boat1721 sailing-vesselc1748 hogboat1784 sail-boat1798 sail-shipa1850 sailer1871 sailing-ship1871 windjammer1880 windbag1924 windship1934 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 333 The Masters skilfull most, With gentle gales driuen to their wished Coast, Not with lesse labour guide their winged waynes On th'azure fore-head of the liquid plaines. 2. (Now with capital initial.) The group of seven bright stars in the constellation called the Great Bear: more fully Charles's Wain n. Lesser Wain: the similarly shaped group of seven stars in the Little Bear.Old English had wǽnes þísl or þísla, ‘pole or poles of the wain’. With Scott's ‘Arthur's slow wain’ cf. ‘Arthouris Plowe’, Lydg. Chron. Troy i. 682; Arthur here represents Arcturus, regarded as the teamster or wagoner of the plough or wain. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Ursa Major > Charles's Wain wainc888 Charles's Waina1000 sistersc1425 chariot1555 Triones1594 north car1633 northern car1697 wagon1867 the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Ursa Minor > Lesser Wain Lesser Wain1669 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxix. §3 Swa swa tunglu..þe we hatað wænes ðisla. c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. met. v. 5 Who so þat.. wot nat why þe sterre Bootes passeþ or gadereþ his weynes. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 248^v We iudged them to bee the chariotte or wayne of the south. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vi. xxii. 130 The starres about the North pole, called Septentriones, the Waines or Beares. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. vi. 95 The..two Bears..Whose hinder parts and Tails contain The lesser and the greater Wain. 1712 A. Pope tr. Statius First Bk. Thebais in Misc. Poems 36 When Clouds conceal Boötes' golden Wain. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. xvii. 19 Arthur's slow wain his course doth roll, In utter darkness, round the pole. 1812 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Paradiso xiii. 7 The wain, that, in the bosom of our sky, Spins ever on its axle night and day. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xcix. 152 At noon or when the lesser wain Is twisting round the polar star. View more context for this quotation 1882 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. The-wain-and-horses, sb., Ursa Major. 1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid i, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 105 Bright Arcturus, the showery Hyads, the Bear, and the Wain. 3. A rendering of Latin plaustrum (lit. ‘wagon’) used in the Vulgate for a kind of thrashing instrument with wheels. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [noun] > threshing > machine or device for waina1382 mill1669 threshing machine1735 threshing mill1768 thrashing machine1771 thresher1778 thrashing mill1790 steamer1898 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xli. 15 I haue set thee as a newe wayn [1609 Douay, a newe threshing wayne] thresshende. 1778 R. Lowth Isaiah xxviii. 27–28 Nor is the wheel of the wain made to turn upon the cummin: But the dill is beaten out with the staff; And the cummin with the flail: but the bread~corn with the threshing-wain. Compounds General attributive. C1. Obvious combinations. † wain-axtree n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 One pare of newe car wheles, both wane ashe tres [etc.]. wain-blade n. (blade n. 10b). ΚΠ 1557 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 A pare of wayne blayds. wain-body n. ΚΠ 1390–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 392 In factura unius waynbody, 6d. † wain-cart n. Obsolete ΚΠ a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fij One preached of late not farre hence, in no Pulpet, but in Waayne carte, That spake enough of this. wain-driver n. ΚΠ 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wayne dryuer, iugarius. wain-felloe n. ΚΠ 1360 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) p. liii j gange de waine~felies de fraxino. 1558 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 162 Twoo gang of wayne fellowes w^th heades & moldeburdes. † wain-folk n. Obsolete ΚΠ a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 55 It is a greate furtherance to have one to teame the waines whiles that the wainefolkes are att breakefast. wain-gear n. ΚΠ 1538 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 75 All maner of..wayne geir. 1557 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 128 Waynes and wayne geare. wain-head n. (also attributive.) ΚΠ 1551 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1902) I. 59 One waynehedeyoke, one bolt and one shakill. 1557 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 One yron bound wayne..with wayne hed, [etc.]. 1563 in J. C. Hodgson Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1906) III. 28 An yrone bounde wayne with a turne teame and a waine head shakle. wain-horse n. ΚΠ 1727 E. Laurence Duty of Steward 71 The Steward should see that the Wain-Horses and Oxen be muzzled, to prevent their cropping the young Springs. 1800 J. Hurdis Favorite Village ii. 57 The stout wain-horse of encumbrance stript. wain-load n. ΚΠ 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 101^v An other [oak] in an other place, that being cutte out, made a hundred Wayne lode. 1700 O. Heywood Autobiogr., Diaries, Anecd. & Event Bks. (1885) IV. 238 A wainload of timber, 8 oxen and an horse. wain-wheel n. ΚΠ 1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 One pare of newe waine wheles. C2. Special combinations. † wain-beam n. Obsolete the pole of a wagon (used to translate Latin temo). ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole thillc1325 limber1480 sway1535 neap1553 draught-tree1580 wain-beam1589 beam1600 fills1609 spire1609 foreteam?1611 verge1611 shaft1613 rangy1657 pole1683 thrill1688 trill1688 rod1695 range1702 neb1710 sharp1733 tram1766 carriage pole1767 sill1787 tongue1792 nib1808 dissel-boom1822 tongue-tree1829 reach1869 wain-stang1876 1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks iii. 42 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks Let it creake afterwards, and let the brasen wainbeame strong Draw both the wheels together ioind. 1650 tr. J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Reserata Foundat. T 9 One overcom with wine guid's the wain-beam [L. temonem] rashly. † wain-clout n. Obsolete the iron covering for the axle-tree of a wagon (see clout n.² 2). ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > covering for axle-tree cart-clout1446 wain-clout1454 cloutc1485 1454 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 149 ij wayneclowtez. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. iiii [The] whelys..must haue an axyltre clout with eight wayne cloutes of yron. 1596 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 259 v teames, ij horse-teames.., vij wayne cloutes [etc.]. † wain-cope n. Obsolete (see quot. and cope n.⁴, cop n.⁴). ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > part to which animals are yoked wain-cope1688 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 339/2 The waine Cop, that part which the hinder Oxen are yoked unto to draw the Waine. 1704 Dict. Rusticum at Cart The Wain-Cope, is a long piece that comes out from the Wain-body, to which Oxen are fastned. wain-flakes n. [= Middle Low German wagenvleke] dialect the movable side-boards of a wagon, used to increase its carrying capacity. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > body > plank or rail > to increase capacity cart-staff1297 thripple14.. rathe1459 summer1510 cart-ladder?1523 rail1530 rave1530 shelboard1569 wain-flakes1570 load-pina1642 shelvingsa1642 cop1679 float1686 lade1686 outrigger1794 shelvement1808 sideboard1814 heck1825 hay-rigging1855 floating rail1892 1570 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 In the yard and parke..a pare of wayne fleaks. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Wainfleeaks, the moveable side-boards of the waggon, adapted to heighten it. † wain-fork n. Obsolete a fork used in the loading of a wagon. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > fork > pitch-fork pikeforkc1275 shakefork1338 pickfork1349 pitchfork1364 pikea1398 bicornec1420 hay-fork1552 shed-fork1559 straw-fork1573 pikel1602 sheppeck1602 corn-pike1611 wain-forka1642 pick1777 pickle1847 peak1892 a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Allowinge to each waine two folkes, viz. a forker and a loader; and theire implements which they are to carry to field with them is a waineforke and a wainerake. Theire waineforke should bee in length aboute two yards and a quarter. † wain-gate n.¹ [gate n.¹] Obsolete a gate for wains to pass through. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > opening which may be passed through > gate or gateway > for vehicles of specific kind wain-gate1596 porte-cochère1698 society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > for wheeled vehicles > for carts cart-way1362 wain-way1579 cart-gate1594 wain-gate1596 cart-road1607 wagon-road1748 wagon-way1764 1596 in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1601, 414/1 Cum lie cairt and wane gait ad easdem [moras]. c1680 in Sussex Archaeol. Coll. (1849) 2 108 Richard Butcher..took out of y^e highway well nigh an acre of land, and made an enclosure of it, and set up a wean gate and horse gate. † wain-gate n.² [gate n.²] Obsolete a cart-track, wagon-road. ΚΠ 1661 Reg. Great Seal Scotl. 18/2 Therefra alongst ane old waingate till you come to the Seggiesyke. wain-house n. obsolete exc. dialect a wagon-house, cart-shed. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] > cart- or coach house cart-house1483 wain-house1569 wagon-house1648 coach-house1679 remise1698 chaise-house1812 carriage house1883 cart-lodge1888 1569 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1857) I. 34 With other out howses as followith..the furmost barne..the wayn howse [etc.]. 1791 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 116/1 After supper, the company all attend the bailiff (or head of the oxen) to the Wain-house. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Wain-house, wagon house or cart house. † wain-money n. Obsolete ? tolls collected from wains ( Eng. Dial. Dict.). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun] > by wheeled vehicles wheelage1611 wain-money1626 1626 Gateshead Church Bks. (E.D.D.) Recaved of the hie ward ffor wane money, 16s. † wain-rake n. Obsolete a rake used in the loading of a wagon with hay, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > rake > hay-rake hay-crome1599 wain-rakea1642 hay-rake1725 hell-rake1794 a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Theire wainerakes have (for the most part) theire shaftes made of saugh, theire heads of seasoned Ashe, and theire teeth of iron. † wain-shackle n. Obsolete ? a coupling for a wagon (see shackle n.¹ 6a). ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > coupling shackle1343 wain-shackle1559 head block1851 wagon-coupling1875 thill-coupling1877 1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 iij waine shackles. wain-stang n. dialect the projecting pole of a cart on either side of which oxen or horses may be yoked. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole thillc1325 limber1480 sway1535 neap1553 draught-tree1580 wain-beam1589 beam1600 fills1609 spire1609 foreteam?1611 verge1611 shaft1613 rangy1657 pole1683 thrill1688 trill1688 rod1695 range1702 neb1710 sharp1733 tram1766 carriage pole1767 sill1787 tongue1792 nib1808 dissel-boom1822 tongue-tree1829 reach1869 wain-stang1876 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Wainstang, the pole projecting in front of the wagon for carrying stone blocks. † wain-string n. Obsolete ? = wain-rope n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [noun] > harness of draught animal > traces tracec1350 side rope1370 wain-rope1371 trace14.. soam1404 pintrace1440 side-trace1445 wain-string1464 theats1496 treat1611 trek-tow1822 trace-chain1844 tug-strap1882 trek-rope1883 trace-rope1900 1464 in W. Greenwell Feodarium Prioratus Dunelmensis (1872) 120 1 cowpe-wayne cum waynstrynges, precium iij.s. † wain-stroke n. Obsolete a curved segment forming part of the iron rim or tire of a wagon wheel (cf. stroke n.⁴). ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > parts of vehicle moving on wheels > wheel > rim > section of strake1330 tire1485 wain-stroke1596 stroke1688 tire-iron1852 1596 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 259 vij wayne cloutes, ij hay spades,..a wayne stroke [etc.]. wain-trees n. dialect the axle-beams supporting the wagon. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > frame of cart or carriage > other frame timbers sheth1496 summer?1523 everingsa1642 hoop-stick1794 nunter1794 transom1794 wain-trees1876 horn-bar1879 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Waintrees, the axle-beams supporting the wagon. † wain-way n. Obsolete a wagon-road. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > for wheeled vehicles > for carts cart-way1362 wain-way1579 cart-gate1594 wain-gate1596 cart-road1607 wagon-road1748 wagon-way1764 1579 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 189 The whene waye goinge vpp they hill. a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 40 The waine way into this close is aboute the middle of Pinder lane wheare yow are to pull downe a gappe. † wain-weight n. Obsolete ? a wagon-load. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > a load as a quantity > cart- or wagon-load cart-loada1300 cartful1399 wain-weight15.. job1560 wain1613 trollful1663 wainful1713 wagon-load1721 team1789 wagonful1846 15.. in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 241 Item of a wayne weicht of leid, that is to say xxiiij futemellis, iiij d. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † wainn.² Forms: Middle English wayne, Middle English wayn. Etymology: < Old French wain (masculine), waaigne (feminine), dialect variants of gain , gaaigne : see gain n.² Obsolete. 1. Profit, advantage. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] fremea700 redeeOE noteeOE goodOE goodnessOE framec1175 winc1175 bihevec1230 behoofc1275 advantagec1300 prowc1300 wellc1300 wainc1315 profita1325 bewaynec1375 vantagec1380 goodshipc1390 prewa1400 steada1400 benefice1426 vailc1430 utilityc1440 of availc1450 prevaila1460 fordeal1470 winning1477 encherishingc1480 benefit1512 booty1581 emolument1633 handhold1655 withgate1825 cui bono1836 c1315 Shoreham Poems i. 2207 Þe fyfte, þat hys Elyynge, Cryst onleke to oure wayne. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 43 Him ne dret naȝt to done..grat harm to oþren uor a lite wayn oþer uor ureme to him. 2. Conquest, possession gained by conquest; also, booty, spoil. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > conquering or defeating vanquishinga1325 conquestc1325 wainc1330 conqueringa1340 overcoming1340 conquest1384 expugnation1429 reduction1429 profligationc1475 debellation1526 defeating1536 conquessingc1550 conquesting1555 vanquishment1593 conquerment1597 eviction1602 reducement1609 debellatinga1626 debelling1651 triumphingc1850 lathering1865 society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > conquering or defeating > that gained by conquest wainc1330 conquesec1375 conquest1393 the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > spoil or plunder > taken in war or raid here-fengc1275 preya1325 wainc1330 spoila1340 ravinc1350 spoila1382 pillagea1393 forayc1425 booty1474 trophya1522 prize1522 sackage1609 boot-haling1622 free-booty1623 plunder1647 capture1706 loot1839 sack1859 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 1481 Þeyr fflote wyþ al þer wayne Turnede fro þe lond of Spaigne. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 1857 Albion was Brutes wayne, Þerfore he dide hit calle Brutayne. 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 257 We rede ȝe sende to þe kyng of Almayn, & ȝour londes to defende, & reue Philip his wayn. 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 297 Þe Scottis bare þam wele, Þe Waleis had þe wayn, als maistere of þat eschele. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † wainn.³ Forms: In Middle English wayn(e, wayyn. Etymology: Of obscure origin. Obsolete. A hem, border. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > bordering or edging fasc950 wloc950 hemc1000 hemminga1300 borderc1374 mill1388 purfling1388 orphrey?a1425 wainc1440 millc1450 selvage1481 edge1502 bordering1530 screed1788 German hemming1838 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 513/2 Wayne, of a garlement [v.r. wayn, wayyn, Pynson of a garment], lacinia. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † wainv. Forms: Middle English Orm. waȝȝnenn, Middle English vayne, Middle English–1500s wayne, 1500s waine, 1600s wein. Etymology: < wain n.¹ Obsolete. 1. transitive. To transport in a wain or carriage. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport or convey in a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > by wheeled vehicle > by cart or carriage wainc1175 cartc1440 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5909 Þær iss þe laferrd crist himm sellf. & tiderr iss he waȝȝnedd. Vpp o þatt hallȝhe waȝȝn. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Pref. l. 37 Goddspell forr þatt illke þing Iss currus salomoniss. Forr þatt itt..Waȝȝneþþ soþ crist fra land to land. 1531–2 in J. Raine Durham Househ. Bk. (1844) 62 Pro navigacione ultra aquam cum le waynnyng 1 but malvaseti, 6 d. 1606 W. Birnie Blame of Kirk-buriall vii. sig. C1^v Before that by the Libitinarian cure the dead was weind, the pollinctors inbalmed,..the corps of the great. 1822 J. Hogg Kilmeny in Poet. Wks. I. 184 But so swift they wained her through the light, 'Twas like the motion of sound or sight. 2. a. To carry, bring, convey. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport fangOE flitc1175 convey1393 wainc1400 transport1483 traduce1535 port1566 society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > show (the way) [verb (transitive)] > accompany as a guide leada900 conduec1330 conductc1400 convey14.. condc1460 conducec1475 convoyc1480 carrya1522 wain1540 train1549 marshal1590 gallant1806 usha1824 trot1888 get1984 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2459 Ho wayned me þis wonder, your wytteȝ to reue. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 249 What wyrde has hyder my iuel vayned. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus iii. ii. sig. Oij Pamphagus wold wayne or bring no geste to Sannios howse, but he were riche. 1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. C.ii Then neighbour..if any such bee: if you know a good seruant, waine [1570 wane] her to mee. b. ? To bring a report of. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > reporting > report [verb (intransitive)] again-tella1382 to make reportc1425 reportc1425 wainc1540 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11520 He couet at the kyng,..Eneas eftsones þat erend for to wend..All þere wille for to wete & wayne at þe last. 3. intransitive. To go, rush. [Perhaps a different word: compare Old Norse vegna to proceed, go on.] ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > move along [verb (intransitive)] goeOE lithec900 nimOE fare971 shakeOE strikea1000 gangOE gengOE seekc1000 glidea1275 wevec1300 hove1390 drevea1400 sway?a1400 wainc1540 discoursea1547 yede1563 trot1612 to get along1683 locomove1792 locomote1831 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7621 A thondir with a thicke Rayn thrublit in þe skewes,..As neuer water fro the welkyn hade waynit before. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7655 Ector, wrathed at his wordis, waynit at the kyng, þat he gird to þe ground and the gost yald. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13796 [Ho] Waynyt vp to the welkyn, as a wan clowde. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹c725n.²c1315n.³c1440v.c1175
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wainn.1

Compounds

† wainn.2

† wainn.3

† wainv.

wainn.¹

† wainn.²

† wainn.³