单词 | wail |
释义 | wailn. 1. a. The action of wailing; expression of pain or grief by prolonged vocal sound. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lamentation or expression of grief for death > [noun] > by wailing wailc1540 conclamation1627 keening1876 the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > [noun] > wailing reameOE woningc950 reminga1200 wailinga1400 bewailing1485 howling1490 yammer?a1513 wailc1540 wailment1593 bewailment1607 ejulationa1620 alleleu1689 yammering1705 ululation?1799 waly-walying1821 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13979 Miche wepyng & wail, wetyng of lere. 1728 J. Thomson Spring 36 Till..the Woods Sigh at her Song, and with her [sc. the bereaved nightingale's] Wail resound. 1811 W. R. Spencer Poems 23 What accents slow, of wail and woe. 1821 Ld. Byron Two Foscari i. i, in Sardanapalus 193 Ah! a voice of wail! a1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1855) 2nd Ser. ix. 117 He had an ear open for every tone of wail. 1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xi. i. 4 A thousand children..with shrill unison of wail, sang out: ‘Oh, deliver us from slavery’. 1865 T. Taylor tr. T. Hersart de la Villemarqué Ballads & Songs Brittany (Rtldg.) 55 There was weeping and wail from young and old. b. esp. Sound of lamentation for the dead. Π c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8719 The dole for þat doghty of his dere fryndes Of wepyng & wayle & wryngyng of hondes..no lettur might tell. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. xii. 299 The wives o' the house of Glenallan wailed nae wail for the husband, nor the sister for the brother. 1839 E. B. Barrett Romaunt of Page in M. R. Mitford Findens' Tableaux 2/2 Wail shook the Baron's house—His true wife shed no tear. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lxxxviii. 132 The dead, whose dying eyes Were closed with wail . View more context for this quotation 1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. v. 118 ‘There was a great cry in Egypt’,—the loud, frantic, funeral wail characteristic of the whole nation. 2. a. A cry of pain or grief, esp. if loud and prolonged. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > [noun] reameOE ropeOE greeta1325 yammer?a1513 plangor1567 ululation1599 howla1616 vagit1630 knell1647 pillaloo1785 whillaloo1790 ullagone1819 ululu1834 wail1863 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. vi. 110 Every time we..directed our eyes towards it, our guide set up a wail. 1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet I. i. 2 The newborn babe begins his earthly course with a wail. 1900 F. T. Bullen With Christ at Sea xii. 223 Six of them died..and were dropped overboard amid the piercing wails of their companions. b. figurative. A bitter lamentation. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [noun] > instance or act of lamenting moan?c1225 mean?c1250 bimena1325 lamentation1382 queryc1400 pinec1440 tragedy1536 lamentc1592 complaint?1606 conclamation1627 quiritation1634 throb1635 pathetic1667 dismals1774 jeremiad1780 complain1820 tangi1836 Jobism1855 wail1867 rune1922 vigil1956 1867 S. Smiles Huguenots Eng. & Ireland vii. 181 A long wail of anguish was rising from the persecuted all over France. 1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 104 The record, or rather the wail of the native writer is more than borne out by [etc.]. 1873 E. J. Worboise Our New House xv And still all her wail was, ‘Oh, that I had died in Windermere!’ 3. transferred. A sound resembling a cry of pain. ΘΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > mournful or plaintive sound > [noun] > howl, wail, or whine howlingc1440 howla1616 wail1825 zinging1921 bloop1931 1825 H. W. Longfellow Hymn Morav. Nuns 13 When the battle's distant wail Breaks the sabbath of our vale. 1858 N. J. Gannon O'Donoghue i. 10 Varied by fox's bark, the wail Of plover, or the pipe of quail. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxv. 185 The storm..with a melancholy wail,..bade our rock farewell. 1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile vii. 195 Hark that thin plaintive cry! It is the wail of a night-wandering jackal. 1882 A. Edwardes Ballroom Repent. I. 219 A cantata..with a subtle wail of pain underlying the surface joyousness of the centric melody. 1913 M. Roberts Salt of Sea xviii. 419 He made the whistle give a melancholy wail. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [noun] > state or condition of drearinessa1000 woeOE sorrinessOE sorrowfulnessa1250 heavinessc1275 sorrownessc1300 dreariheada1325 moanc1390 sadnessc1400 grievedness1571 ruthfulness1596 mournfulness1633 waila1682 drearihood1817 woebegoneness1841 tristfulness1847 a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 115 Dream not of any kind of Metempsychosis.., but into thine own body, and that after a long time, and then also unto wail or bliss, according to thy first and fundamental Life. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). wailv. 1. a. intransitive. To express pain or sorrow by prolonged piteous cries. Often with reference to funeral lamentations. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (intransitive)] sorroweOE meaneOE careOE mournOE ofthink?c1225 to make sorrow?c1250 to make languorc1300 bemoanc1305 plainc1325 moanc1330 wailc1330 waymentc1350 complainc1374 to make syte?a1400 sweam14.. lamentc1515 bemournc1540 regratec1550 to sing sol-fa, sorrow, woe1573 condole1598 passion1598 deplore1632 ochone1829 rune1832 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > cry of emotion or pain > [verb (transitive)] > wail or howl theotenc1175 wailc1330 to howl out1530 behowl1600 yowl1842 keen1893 blart1896 the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lamentation or expression of grief for death > express grief for death [verb (intransitive)] > by wailing wailc1330 keen1786 the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > cry with grief [verb (intransitive)] > wail remeeOE yarmc1000 weinec1275 cry1297 gowlc1300 grotec1300 wailc1330 woulc1340 howlc1405 yammer1481 rane1513 plaintc1540 rheumatize1623 ululate1623 ullagone1828 c1330 Arth. & Merl. 2563 Al þat folk he herd waile For þat erl of Cornewaile. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. v. 261 A þousent of men þo þrongen to-geders, Weopynd and waylyng for heore wikkede dedes. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xi. 17 We han mourned to ȝou, and ȝe han nat weilid. 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 383 Anone sche gan to wepe and weile. 1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy iv. 3625 Þe faire quene Eleyne Wailleth, crieth wiþ a dedly chere. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. v. 61 With that word sche brist out mony a teir, And walit so that pietie was to heir. 1577 J. Grange Golden Aphroditis sig. Givv Then may I wake and wayle the night, my bed wt teares besprent. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ii. sig. B4 Then gan she wail and weepe, to see that woeful stowre. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. iii. 6 My Mother weeping: my Father wayling: my Sister crying. View more context for this quotation 1827 R. Pollok Course of Time II. x. 247 Where ye shall weep and wail for evermore. 1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxiii. 233 Alexander Mac Stinger..who had stopped in his crying to attend to the conversation, began to wail again. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 371 To address you, weeping and wailing and lamenting. b. To cry piteously for (something desired). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [verb (transitive)] > cry for object of desire wail1573 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > cry of emotion or pain > [verb (transitive)] > wail or howl > wail for wail1573 1573 T. Tusser Points Huswifrie (new ed.) f. 22, in Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) And God the holy Ghost, the soule of man doth winne, By mouing hir to waile for grace ashamed of hir sinne. a1771 T. Gray tr. Dante in Wks. (1884) I. 159 I heard 'em wail for Bread. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > weeping > weep [verb (intransitive)] > shed tears (of the eyes) tearc1000 weep1567 wail1594 to well up1848 well1859 fill1871 to tear up1941 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. L1 An humble gate, calme looks, eyes wayling still. View more context for this quotation 2. transferred. a. Of birds, inanimate things: To give forth mournful sounds. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by noises > voice or sound made by animal > make sound [verb (intransitive)] > howl or whine theotenc888 yowla1225 gowlc1300 whinec1330 howl1390 yawlc1400 whrine?1507 whewla1560 whinge1562 waw1570 whimper1575 wail1595 ululate1623 wow1806 wowla1825 towl1906 the world > animals > birds > sound or bird defined by > [verb (intransitive)] > make other type of sound babblec1450 jugle1576 wail1595 jug1657 spink1892 1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. A3v Whilest thou wast hence,..The woods were heard to waile full many a sythe, And all their birds with silence to complaine. 1636 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (new ed.) 23 The Turtle wailis on withered trees. 1820 J. Keats Hyperion: a Fragm. iii, in Lamia & Other Poems 197 O tell me, lonely Goddess, by thy harp, That waileth every morn and eventide. 1845 C. Dickens Chimes i. 2 As one not finding what it seeks,..it [sc. the night-wind] wails and howls to issue forth again. 1890 R. Bridges Shorter Poems i. iv A flock of gulls are wheeling And wailing round my seat. b. Of music, etc.: To sound like a wail. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > sound [verb (intransitive)] > sound unmelodious peepa1500 wail1852 dissonate1909 1852 Ld. Tennyson Ode Wellington 267 The Dead March wails in the people's ears. 1878 S. Phillips On Seaboard 77 While the pibroch wildly wailing tells how all was lost and won. c. Of a jazz musician: to play very well, with great feeling, etc. (U.S. slang). Also U.S. colloquial, to perform well. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform music [verb (intransitive)] > specific style or technique > in jazz go1926 ride1929 swing1931 tear1932 to play (it) straight1933 groove1935 riff1935 give1936 jumpc1938 to beat it out1945 walk1951 cook1954 move1955 wail1955 stretch1961 1955 N. Shapiro & N. Hentoff Hear me talkin' to Ya 231 I revered the amazing Fats Waller, who had lately made a splash wailing on organ at the Lincoln. 1959 Encounter June 43/2 The Beat ‘cat’ approaches the Beat ‘chick’ with the ritualistic ‘Pad me’..the ‘chick's’, approach to the male is..‘I'm frigid,’ to which he can either reply ‘I'll make you wail’ (function) or, otherwise, ‘Don't bug.’ 1962 Radio Times 17 May 43/3 A jazz musician never plays an instrument—he blows it, whether it be drums, piano, bass, or horn. Should he ‘blow’ with feeling, or great excitement (‘like wild’) he is either ‘way out’ or ‘wailing’. 1977 C. McFadden Serial (1978) xxxix. 85/2 Despite his back, he was really wailin' when he hung a sharp right into his driveway, pretending Sutton Manor was a picturesque village along the route of the Tour de France. 3. To utter persistent and bitter lamentations or complaints. With clause or quoted words: To say lamentingly. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > cry with grief [verb (intransitive)] > wail > say wailingly wailc1388 c1388 On the 25 Articles in Wyclif's Sel. Wks. III. 481 As heþen men skorned þo sabbatis of Jerusalem in þer conquestis..as Jeromy weyleþ. a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 4653 Often he crieþ, and often gynneþ waile, He wolde al Perse habbe yȝiue And he miȝth haue had his lyue. 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos i. sig. A.ivv And therwithin on armour heapes sitts Batail rage, and wailes With brasen cheines a hundred bound his wrastling not auailes. 1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate II. i. 20 He went on wailing, complaining of his lot as a child complains. 1894 S. Baring-Gould Kitty Alone II. 75 ‘I wish I was dead,’ wailed the poor creature. 1913 Times 30 Sept. 10/2 ‘But I was going with him!’ she wails. 4. To grieve bitterly. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > feel sorrow or grief [verb (intransitive)] sorroweOE sorryeOE careOE heavyOE mournOE rueOE murkenOE dole13.. likec1330 wailc1374 ensorrowc1384 gloppen?a1400 sytea1400 teena1400 grievec1400 angera1425 erme1481 yearna1500 aggrieve1559 discomfort?a1560 melancholyc1580 to eat one's (own) heart1590 repent1590 passion1598 sigh1642 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde i. 556 Art now falle in som devocioun And waylest for thy sinne and thyn offence? c1380 Serm. Matt. v in Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 408 Blessid be þei þat weilen. c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) xxxiii. 132 There the synner waylithe, or is sory for his synns, he shalle be saf. a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) ii. vi. sig. G.ii They wayled & dyd payneful penaunce for theyr sinne to procure god to pitie them. 1554–9 in T. Wright Songs & Ballads Philip & Mary (1860) (Roxb.) 13 For thos that be leale, He makys them to weale, For faute of a meale, And good sustinance. 1601 J. Weever Mirror of Martyrs sig. Ejv Though foolishnes it be, For treasure lost, to waile, or make great sorrow. a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1686) III. 268 To fret and wail at that, which, for all we can see, proceedeth from good intention, and tendeth to good issue, is pitifull frowardness. 1865 J. M. Neale Hymns Paradise 4 While she wails for her condition. 1879 ‘G. Eliot’ Theophrastus Such ii. 27 Yet it is held no impiety..for a man to wail that he was not the son of another age and another nation. 5. transitive. To bewail, lament, deplore. Now poetic or rhetorical. a. To lament, manifest or feel deep sorrow for (sin, misfortune, suffering, whether one's own or that of others). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] > express pity for bemoanc1300 wail1362 the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief for [verb (transitive)] sorroweOE meaneOE bemournOE mournOE bemoanc1000 ofthink?c1225 bequeatha1325 moana1325 plain1340 wail1362 bewailc1374 complainc1374 waymenta1400 grievec1400 sorrowa1425 regratec1480 lament1535 deplore1567 dole1567 condole1607 pine1667 rave1810 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. v. 94 Ac for his wynnynge I wepe and weile þe tyme. c1400 Rule St. Benet (E.E.T.S.) 122 Dayly wayling your synnes. c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) iv. xxxviii. 65 Yet weyle I more the lesyng of the kynges worship, than of myn awn dysese. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Lyf St. Wenefryde 3 Wayllyng the deth of their douhter. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. RRiiiv O, howe they wyll wayle and wepe their neglygences, & wysshe that they had neuer slepte so long. 1575 G. Gascoigne Glasse of Gouernem. iii. vi. sig. Hiiv We should be greevd, when as wee heare them grone, And wayle their wantes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. i. 123 Yet I must not,..but wayle his fall, Who I my selfe struck downe. View more context for this quotation 1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) ii. C 1 Who now has time to waile Plebeian fates? 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 66 Strength..proves the sourse of all my miseries; So many, and so huge, that each apart Would ask a life to wail . View more context for this quotation 17.. Auld Goodman i, in Ramsay's Tea-t. Misc. (1762) 111 Ay she wail'd her wretched life, And cry'd ever, Alake, my auld goodman. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iii. 104 To wood and stream his hap to wail. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby iii. 109 For never felt his soul the woe, That wails a generous foeman low. 1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise i. 418 Well then might Psyche wail her wretched fate. 1898 G. Meredith Napoleon v, in Poet. Wks. (1912) 481 A broken carol of wild notes was heard As when an ailing infant wails a dream. b. To lament, mourn bitterly for (the dead); to lament the absence or loss of. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lamentation or expression of grief for death > lament the death of [verb (transitive)] bestandc1000 bewailc1300 mourna1382 wail1382 regratec1480 meana1522 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Chron. xxxv. 25 Al Juda and Jerusalem weileden hym [L. luxerunt eum], Jeremyas most. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 309 They neither esteemed him while he was liuing, nor wailed him at all, after that he was dead. 1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey III. xi. 216 If no more her absent Lord she wails. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iii. 118 The voice of the weeper Wails manhood in glory. ΚΠ a1400 Rom. Rose 6271 If ther be wolves of sich hewe Amonges these apostlis newe, Thou, hooly chirche, thou mayst be wayled! Derivatives wailed adj. lamented. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [adjective] > lamented moaned1471 wailed1562 lamented1611 the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > [adjective] > wailing > expressed by wailing wailed1562 1562 A. Brooke tr. M. Bandello Tragicall Hist. Romeus & Iuliet f. 39v Like as there is no weale, but wastes away somtime, So euery kind of wayled woe, will weare away in time. 1568 T. Howell Arbor of Amitie f. 17 To bring vnto the wailed graue, this Countesse courteous corse. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1540v.c1330 |
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