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单词 wail
释义

wailn.

Brit. /weɪl/, U.S. /weɪl/
Forms: Also Middle English–1500s waile, wayle.
Etymology: Belongs to wail v. Compare Old Norse vǽl neuter.
1.
a. The action of wailing; expression of pain or grief by prolonged vocal sound.
ΘΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lamentation or expression of grief for death > [noun] > by wailing
wailc1540
conclamation1627
keening1876
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > [noun] > wailing
reameOE
woningc950
reminga1200
wailinga1400
bewailing1485
howling1490
yammer?a1513
wailc1540
wailment1593
bewailment1607
ejulationa1620
alleleu1689
yammering1705
ululation?1799
waly-walying1821
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13979 Miche wepyng & wail, wetyng of lere.
1728 J. Thomson Spring 36 Till..the Woods Sigh at her Song, and with her [sc. the bereaved nightingale's] Wail resound.
1811 W. R. Spencer Poems 23 What accents slow, of wail and woe.
1821 Ld. Byron Two Foscari i. i, in Sardanapalus 193 Ah! a voice of wail!
a1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1855) 2nd Ser. ix. 117 He had an ear open for every tone of wail.
1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xi. i. 4 A thousand children..with shrill unison of wail, sang out: ‘Oh, deliver us from slavery’.
1865 T. Taylor tr. T. Hersart de la Villemarqué Ballads & Songs Brittany (Rtldg.) 55 There was weeping and wail from young and old.
b. esp. Sound of lamentation for the dead.
Π
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8719 The dole for þat doghty of his dere fryndes Of wepyng & wayle & wryngyng of hondes..no lettur might tell.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. xii. 299 The wives o' the house of Glenallan wailed nae wail for the husband, nor the sister for the brother.
1839 E. B. Barrett Romaunt of Page in M. R. Mitford Findens' Tableaux 2/2 Wail shook the Baron's house—His true wife shed no tear.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lxxxviii. 132 The dead, whose dying eyes Were closed with wail . View more context for this quotation
1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. v. 118 ‘There was a great cry in Egypt’,—the loud, frantic, funeral wail characteristic of the whole nation.
2.
a. A cry of pain or grief, esp. if loud and prolonged.
ΘΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > [noun]
reameOE
ropeOE
greeta1325
yammer?a1513
plangor1567
ululation1599
howla1616
vagit1630
knell1647
pillaloo1785
whillaloo1790
ullagone1819
ululu1834
wail1863
1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. vi. 110 Every time we..directed our eyes towards it, our guide set up a wail.
1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet I. i. 2 The newborn babe begins his earthly course with a wail.
1900 F. T. Bullen With Christ at Sea xii. 223 Six of them died..and were dropped overboard amid the piercing wails of their companions.
b. figurative. A bitter lamentation.
ΘΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [noun] > instance or act of lamenting
moan?c1225
mean?c1250
bimena1325
lamentation1382
queryc1400
pinec1440
tragedy1536
lamentc1592
complaint?1606
conclamation1627
quiritation1634
throb1635
pathetic1667
dismals1774
jeremiad1780
complain1820
tangi1836
Jobism1855
wail1867
rune1922
vigil1956
1867 S. Smiles Huguenots Eng. & Ireland vii. 181 A long wail of anguish was rising from the persecuted all over France.
1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 104 The record, or rather the wail of the native writer is more than borne out by [etc.].
1873 E. J. Worboise Our New House xv And still all her wail was, ‘Oh, that I had died in Windermere!’
3. transferred. A sound resembling a cry of pain.
ΘΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > mournful or plaintive sound > [noun] > howl, wail, or whine
howlingc1440
howla1616
wail1825
zinging1921
bloop1931
1825 H. W. Longfellow Hymn Morav. Nuns 13 When the battle's distant wail Breaks the sabbath of our vale.
1858 N. J. Gannon O'Donoghue i. 10 Varied by fox's bark, the wail Of plover, or the pipe of quail.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxv. 185 The storm..with a melancholy wail,..bade our rock farewell.
1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile vii. 195 Hark that thin plaintive cry! It is the wail of a night-wandering jackal.
1882 A. Edwardes Ballroom Repent. I. 219 A cantata..with a subtle wail of pain underlying the surface joyousness of the centric melody.
1913 M. Roberts Salt of Sea xviii. 419 He made the whistle give a melancholy wail.
4. A state of woe. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [noun] > state or condition of
drearinessa1000
woeOE
sorrinessOE
sorrowfulnessa1250
heavinessc1275
sorrownessc1300
dreariheada1325
moanc1390
sadnessc1400
grievedness1571
ruthfulness1596
mournfulness1633
waila1682
drearihood1817
woebegoneness1841
tristfulness1847
a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 115 Dream not of any kind of Metempsychosis.., but into thine own body, and that after a long time, and then also unto wail or bliss, according to thy first and fundamental Life.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

wailv.

Brit. /weɪl/, U.S. /weɪl/
Forms: Middle English weyle, weile, Middle English–1600s wayle, Middle English waille, 1500s waill, wale ( weale), Middle English–1600s waile, 1500s– wail.
Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse *veila.
Etymology: Probably < Old Norse *veila (compare veilan wailing, Fritzner), < vei , interjection: see woe int., adv., n., and adj. The recorded Old Norse word is vǽla (whence vǽl, vǽlan wailing), < , interjection, synonymous with vei. Compare Swedish dialect väla, Norwegian væla to bleat.
1.
a. intransitive. To express pain or sorrow by prolonged piteous cries. Often with reference to funeral lamentations.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (intransitive)]
sorroweOE
meaneOE
careOE
mournOE
ofthink?c1225
to make sorrow?c1250
to make languorc1300
bemoanc1305
plainc1325
moanc1330
wailc1330
waymentc1350
complainc1374
to make syte?a1400
sweam14..
lamentc1515
bemournc1540
regratec1550
to sing sol-fa, sorrow, woe1573
condole1598
passion1598
deplore1632
ochone1829
rune1832
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > cry of emotion or pain > [verb (transitive)] > wail or howl
theotenc1175
wailc1330
to howl out1530
behowl1600
yowl1842
keen1893
blart1896
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lamentation or expression of grief for death > express grief for death [verb (intransitive)] > by wailing
wailc1330
keen1786
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > cry with grief [verb (intransitive)] > wail
remeeOE
yarmc1000
weinec1275
cry1297
gowlc1300
grotec1300
wailc1330
woulc1340
howlc1405
yammer1481
rane1513
plaintc1540
rheumatize1623
ululate1623
ullagone1828
c1330 Arth. & Merl. 2563 Al þat folk he herd waile For þat erl of Cornewaile.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. v. 261 A þousent of men þo þrongen to-geders, Weopynd and waylyng for heore wikkede dedes.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xi. 17 We han mourned to ȝou, and ȝe han nat weilid.
1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 383 Anone sche gan to wepe and weile.
1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy iv. 3625 Þe faire quene Eleyne Wailleth, crieth wiþ a dedly chere.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. v. 61 With that word sche brist out mony a teir, And walit so that pietie was to heir.
1577 J. Grange Golden Aphroditis sig. Givv Then may I wake and wayle the night, my bed wt teares besprent.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ii. sig. B4 Then gan she wail and weepe, to see that woeful stowre.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. iii. 6 My Mother weeping: my Father wayling: my Sister crying. View more context for this quotation
1827 R. Pollok Course of Time II. x. 247 Where ye shall weep and wail for evermore.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxiii. 233 Alexander Mac Stinger..who had stopped in his crying to attend to the conversation, began to wail again.
1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 371 To address you, weeping and wailing and lamenting.
b. To cry piteously for (something desired).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [verb (transitive)] > cry for object of desire
wail1573
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > cry of emotion or pain > [verb (transitive)] > wail or howl > wail for
wail1573
1573 T. Tusser Points Huswifrie (new ed.) f. 22, in Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) And God the holy Ghost, the soule of man doth winne, By mouing hir to waile for grace ashamed of hir sinne.
a1771 T. Gray tr. Dante in Wks. (1884) I. 159 I heard 'em wail for Bread.
c. transferred. Of the eyes: To weep. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > weeping > weep [verb (intransitive)] > shed tears (of the eyes)
tearc1000
weep1567
wail1594
to well up1848
well1859
fill1871
to tear up1941
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. L1 An humble gate, calme looks, eyes wayling still. View more context for this quotation
2. transferred.
a. Of birds, inanimate things: To give forth mournful sounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by noises > voice or sound made by animal > make sound [verb (intransitive)] > howl or whine
theotenc888
yowla1225
gowlc1300
whinec1330
howl1390
yawlc1400
whrine?1507
whewla1560
whinge1562
waw1570
whimper1575
wail1595
ululate1623
wow1806
wowla1825
towl1906
the world > animals > birds > sound or bird defined by > [verb (intransitive)] > make other type of sound
babblec1450
jugle1576
wail1595
jug1657
spink1892
1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. A3v Whilest thou wast hence,..The woods were heard to waile full many a sythe, And all their birds with silence to complaine.
1636 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (new ed.) 23 The Turtle wailis on withered trees.
1820 J. Keats Hyperion: a Fragm. iii, in Lamia & Other Poems 197 O tell me, lonely Goddess, by thy harp, That waileth every morn and eventide.
1845 C. Dickens Chimes i. 2 As one not finding what it seeks,..it [sc. the night-wind] wails and howls to issue forth again.
1890 R. Bridges Shorter Poems i. iv A flock of gulls are wheeling And wailing round my seat.
b. Of music, etc.: To sound like a wail.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > sound [verb (intransitive)] > sound unmelodious
peepa1500
wail1852
dissonate1909
1852 Ld. Tennyson Ode Wellington 267 The Dead March wails in the people's ears.
1878 S. Phillips On Seaboard 77 While the pibroch wildly wailing tells how all was lost and won.
c. Of a jazz musician: to play very well, with great feeling, etc. (U.S. slang). Also U.S. colloquial, to perform well.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform music [verb (intransitive)] > specific style or technique > in jazz
go1926
ride1929
swing1931
tear1932
to play (it) straight1933
groove1935
riff1935
give1936
jumpc1938
to beat it out1945
walk1951
cook1954
move1955
wail1955
stretch1961
1955 N. Shapiro & N. Hentoff Hear me talkin' to Ya 231 I revered the amazing Fats Waller, who had lately made a splash wailing on organ at the Lincoln.
1959 Encounter June 43/2 The Beat ‘cat’ approaches the Beat ‘chick’ with the ritualistic ‘Pad me’..the ‘chick's’, approach to the male is..‘I'm frigid,’ to which he can either reply ‘I'll make you wail’ (function) or, otherwise, ‘Don't bug.’
1962 Radio Times 17 May 43/3 A jazz musician never plays an instrument—he blows it, whether it be drums, piano, bass, or horn. Should he ‘blow’ with feeling, or great excitement (‘like wild’) he is either ‘way out’ or ‘wailing’.
1977 C. McFadden Serial (1978) xxxix. 85/2 Despite his back, he was really wailin' when he hung a sharp right into his driveway, pretending Sutton Manor was a picturesque village along the route of the Tour de France.
3. To utter persistent and bitter lamentations or complaints. With clause or quoted words: To say lamentingly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > cry with grief [verb (intransitive)] > wail > say wailingly
wailc1388
c1388 On the 25 Articles in Wyclif's Sel. Wks. III. 481 As heþen men skorned þo sabbatis of Jerusalem in þer conquestis..as Jeromy weyleþ.
a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 4653 Often he crieþ, and often gynneþ waile, He wolde al Perse habbe yȝiue And he miȝth haue had his lyue.
1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos i. sig. A.ivv And therwithin on armour heapes sitts Batail rage, and wailes With brasen cheines a hundred bound his wrastling not auailes.
1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate II. i. 20 He went on wailing, complaining of his lot as a child complains.
1894 S. Baring-Gould Kitty Alone II. 75 ‘I wish I was dead,’ wailed the poor creature.
1913 Times 30 Sept. 10/2 ‘But I was going with him!’ she wails.
4. To grieve bitterly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > feel sorrow or grief [verb (intransitive)]
sorroweOE
sorryeOE
careOE
heavyOE
mournOE
rueOE
murkenOE
dole13..
likec1330
wailc1374
ensorrowc1384
gloppen?a1400
sytea1400
teena1400
grievec1400
angera1425
erme1481
yearna1500
aggrieve1559
discomfort?a1560
melancholyc1580
to eat one's (own) heart1590
repent1590
passion1598
sigh1642
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde i. 556 Art now falle in som devocioun And waylest for thy sinne and thyn offence?
c1380 Serm. Matt. v in Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 408 Blessid be þei þat weilen.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) xxxiii. 132 There the synner waylithe, or is sory for his synns, he shalle be saf.
a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) ii. vi. sig. G.ii They wayled & dyd payneful penaunce for theyr sinne to procure god to pitie them.
1554–9 in T. Wright Songs & Ballads Philip & Mary (1860) (Roxb.) 13 For thos that be leale, He makys them to weale, For faute of a meale, And good sustinance.
1601 J. Weever Mirror of Martyrs sig. Ejv Though foolishnes it be, For treasure lost, to waile, or make great sorrow.
a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1686) III. 268 To fret and wail at that, which, for all we can see, proceedeth from good intention, and tendeth to good issue, is pitifull frowardness.
1865 J. M. Neale Hymns Paradise 4 While she wails for her condition.
1879 ‘G. Eliot’ Theophrastus Such ii. 27 Yet it is held no impiety..for a man to wail that he was not the son of another age and another nation.
5. transitive. To bewail, lament, deplore. Now poetic or rhetorical.
a. To lament, manifest or feel deep sorrow for (sin, misfortune, suffering, whether one's own or that of others).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] > express pity for
bemoanc1300
wail1362
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief for [verb (transitive)]
sorroweOE
meaneOE
bemournOE
mournOE
bemoanc1000
ofthink?c1225
bequeatha1325
moana1325
plain1340
wail1362
bewailc1374
complainc1374
waymenta1400
grievec1400
sorrowa1425
regratec1480
lament1535
deplore1567
dole1567
condole1607
pine1667
rave1810
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. v. 94 Ac for his wynnynge I wepe and weile þe tyme.
c1400 Rule St. Benet (E.E.T.S.) 122 Dayly wayling your synnes.
c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) iv. xxxviii. 65 Yet weyle I more the lesyng of the kynges worship, than of myn awn dysese.
1485 W. Caxton tr. Lyf St. Wenefryde 3 Wayllyng the deth of their douhter.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. RRiiiv O, howe they wyll wayle and wepe their neglygences, & wysshe that they had neuer slepte so long.
1575 G. Gascoigne Glasse of Gouernem. iii. vi. sig. Hiiv We should be greevd, when as wee heare them grone, And wayle their wantes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. i. 123 Yet I must not,..but wayle his fall, Who I my selfe struck downe. View more context for this quotation
1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) ii. C 1 Who now has time to waile Plebeian fates?
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 66 Strength..proves the sourse of all my miseries; So many, and so huge, that each apart Would ask a life to wail . View more context for this quotation
17.. Auld Goodman i, in Ramsay's Tea-t. Misc. (1762) 111 Ay she wail'd her wretched life, And cry'd ever, Alake, my auld goodman.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iii. 104 To wood and stream his hap to wail.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby iii. 109 For never felt his soul the woe, That wails a generous foeman low.
1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise i. 418 Well then might Psyche wail her wretched fate.
1898 G. Meredith Napoleon v, in Poet. Wks. (1912) 481 A broken carol of wild notes was heard As when an ailing infant wails a dream.
b. To lament, mourn bitterly for (the dead); to lament the absence or loss of.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lamentation or expression of grief for death > lament the death of [verb (transitive)]
bestandc1000
bewailc1300
mourna1382
wail1382
regratec1480
meana1522
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Chron. xxxv. 25 Al Juda and Jerusalem weileden hym [L. luxerunt eum], Jeremyas most.
1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 309 They neither esteemed him while he was liuing, nor wailed him at all, after that he was dead.
1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey III. xi. 216 If no more her absent Lord she wails.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iii. 118 The voice of the weeper Wails manhood in glory.
c. To deplore the lot of. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1400 Rom. Rose 6271 If ther be wolves of sich hewe Amonges these apostlis newe, Thou, hooly chirche, thou mayst be wayled!

Derivatives

wailed adj. lamented.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [adjective] > lamented
moaned1471
wailed1562
lamented1611
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > [adjective] > wailing > expressed by wailing
wailed1562
1562 A. Brooke tr. M. Bandello Tragicall Hist. Romeus & Iuliet f. 39v Like as there is no weale, but wastes away somtime, So euery kind of wayled woe, will weare away in time.
1568 T. Howell Arbor of Amitie f. 17 To bring vnto the wailed graue, this Countesse courteous corse.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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