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单词 wafer
释义

wafern.

Brit. /ˈweɪfə/, U.S. /ˈweɪfər/
Forms: Middle English–1500s wafre, Middle English waffre, Middle English–1600s waffer, 1700s Scottish waffor, weffer, Middle English wafier, wafir, wayfire, wafyre, 1500s wafyrre, Middle English–1500s wafur, Middle English–1600s waiffur, (Middle English -er), 1500s whafer, 1600s wapher, Middle English– wafer.
Etymology: Middle English wafre , < Anglo-Norman wafre, Old Northern French waufre (= Central French gaufre , gofre , whence gofer n.1), adopted, with change of l into r , < Middle Low German wâfel (modern Low German wâfel , wafel ) = early modern Dutch waefel , now wafel (West Frisian waffel ), whence waffle n.1; the modern German waffel, Swedish våffla, Danish vaffel are from Low German. As the French gaufre, wafer, waffle, has also the sense of honeycomb, it is inferred that the Germanic word had originally this meaning, and is cognate with Old High German wabo, Middle High German, modern German wabe, honeycomb; but neither Dutch nor Low German seems to have preserved this sense.
1.
a. A very light thin crisp cake, baked between wafer-irons; formerly often eaten with wine, now chiefly with ices; in later use sometimes rolled, sometimes serving as the under part of a macaroon. Cf. wafron n.The simile ‘thin as a wafer’, originally belonging to this sense, is now commonly associated with sense 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > wafer
wafer1377
wafron?c1390
wafery1542
wafer-cake1585
wafer-biscuit1848
cake cone1910
1295 Will N. Longespee in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1900) July 524 Tria paria ferrea ad wafras, neulas, et galettas faciendas.]
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xiii. 264 [A waferer says:] Alle Londoun I leue liketh wel my wafres.c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 193 He sente hir..wafres pipyng hoot out of the gleede.1442 in Bekynton's Corr. (Rolls) II. 233 Ro. Savage, et Robertus serviens domini Regentis, portaverunt waiffers et poma.a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 123 For þese may marre many a man changynge his astate, but ȝiff he haue aftur, hard chese, wafurs, with wyne ypocrate.c1500 Ffor to serve a Lord in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 372 Thenne aftur wafers and frute spended, all maner thinge shalbe take uppe and avoyded.1530 Bible (Tyndale) Exod. xvi. f. xxx The taste of it [sc. manna] was lyke vnto wafers made with honye [1611 King James like wafers made with hony].1572 J. Higgins Huloets Dict. (rev. ed.) Wafre, suche as they geue to younge children, crustulum.1577 J. Grange Garden in Golden Aphroditis sig. Pjv Yea, yea, she treades so nice, she would not wafers breake.c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 165 My lord major did electe and chose that daie when he was at waffers and ipocras Mr. Richard Jervis.1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 312 The people of India..doe make of these Wormes diuers iuncats, as we doe Tarts, Marchpanes, Wafers, and Cheese-cakes.1619 M. Drayton Idea in Poems (rev. ed.) 255 Thy Lips, with age, as any Wafer thinne.a1625 J. Fletcher Chances ii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaa4/1 A womans oathes are wafers, breake with making.1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. i. 3 The inner Coat [of the bean]..so far shrinking up, as to seem only the roughness of the outer, somewhat resembling Wafers under Maquaroons.1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper xi. 254 To make Wafers. Take two Spoonfuls of Cream, two of Sugar, the same of Flour, and one Spoonful of Orange Flower Water, beat them well together for half an Hour, then make your Wafer Tongs hot,..bake them on a Stove Fire, as they are baked roll them round a Stick like a Spiggard, as soon as they are cold they will be very crisp.1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. III. 251 The Major having finished the bottle of claret,..together with a large plate of wafers.1834 E. Copley Housekeeper's Guide xii. 347 Wafers.—Sweeten dried flour with loaf sugar;..make it into a stiff batter with cream. There are irons for the purpose of baking them... They are used for the bottom of maccaroons and some other cakes.1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 155/2 (Confectionery) Wafers.—Take 4 oz. sugar, 4 oz. butter, 8 oz. flour [etc.].1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 156/1 Close the tongs immediately; put them on the fire, turning them occasionally until the wafer is done.
b. elliptical, a sandwich of ice-cream between wafers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > ices > [noun] > ice-cream > types or forms of
pistachio ice?1790
iced tea1827
tutti-frutti1834
brown-bread ice1846
vanilla ice1846
vanille ice1846
Neapolitan ice1867
Neapolitan ice cream1868
hokey-pokey1884
strawberry ice cream1890
choc chip1903
horn1908
Tortoni1911
slider1915
choc bar1919
cone1920
Eskimo pie1921
brick1922
brickette1922
Eskimo1922
choc ice1924
cornet1926
briquette1927
gelato1932
ninety-nine1935
wafer1936
fudgicle1938
ripple1939
tub1939
vanilla1955
double dip1965
1936 N. Coward Still Life in To-night at 8.30 III. i. 48 An old girl..asked if I'd got an ice-cream wafer... What did she think I was, a ‘Stop me and buy one?’
1979 Listener 6 Sept. 303/2 The vanilla wafer..proved a great healer.
2. The thin disk of unleavened bread used at the Eucharist in the Western Church before the Reformation, and subsequently in the ritual of Roman Catholics, Lutherans, and some Anglicans. Cf. obley n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > bread > [noun]
fleshc1000
ofleteOE
mannaa1200
breada1225
bread of lifea1300
host1303
bodya1325
obleya1325
God's bodya1387
cakec1390
singing bread1432
bread of wheata1450
singing loaf1530
God's bread1535
bread god?1548
round robin?1548
holy bread1552
singing cake1553
Jack-in-the-box1554
wafer-cake?1554
wafer1559
wafer-bread1565
breaden god1570
mass cake1579
wafer-god1623
hostel1624
maker1635
hostie1641
oblata1721
altar bread1839
prosphora1874
1559 Queen Elizabeth I Injunct. D 3 b The vsuall bread and wafer, heretofore named singing Cakes, which serued for the vse of the priuate Masse.
1570 Gilby in Part of a Register (1593) 16 The adoration of the Sacrament, in the Countrey where they knocke and kneele to a Wafer, is a popishe pollicie.
1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 94 The Widow..bestows Holway, a kind of Sacramental Wafer.
a1745 J. Swift Stephen in Wks. (1768) XIII. 297 The English, upon a certain engine, raised the mast of a ship, on the top whereof, in a silver box, they put the consecrated wafer.
1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. xix. 249 To tremble before a consecrated wafer is spurious reverence.
1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh i. 4 As they went To eat the bishop's wafer at the church.
1862 Sat. Rev. 8 Feb. 159 Many of these unbelievers..obtained and outraged consecrated wafers.
3.
a. A small disk of flour mixed with gum and non-poisonous colouring matter, or of gelatine or the like similarly coloured, which when moistened is used for sealing letters, attaching papers, or receiving the impression of a seal.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > marking > imprinting > sealing > [noun] > wafer
singing cake1582
wafer1712
1635 [see wafer-seal n. at Compounds 1c].
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 305. ¶6 Pen and Ink, Wax and Wafers, with the like Necessaries for Politicians.
1749 S. Johnson Let. 12 July (1992) I. 43 You frighted me..with your black wafer, for I..was afraid your letter had brought me ill news.
1797 W. Johnston tr. J. Beckmann Hist. Inventions & Discov. I. 226 Mr. Speiss [Ger.] has made an observation..that the oldest seal with a red wafer, he has ever yet found, is on a letter written by D. Krapf, at Spires, in the year 1624, to the government at Bayreuth.
1801 M. Edgeworth Belinda II. xv. 99 Lady Delacour..began..to put wafers into several notes that she had been writing.
1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 729 In every kind of tracing, the different papers which are employed upon each other, should be fastened together by wafers.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair liii. 474 Poor men always use messengers instead of the post. Who has not had their letters, with the wafers wet, and the announcement that a person is waiting in the hall?
1883 S. C. Hall Retrospect Long Life I. 15 To put a wafer on a letter was a thing seldom done.
b. transferred. Applied to a round spot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > spot of colour > [noun]
spota1300
dropc1420
stud1751
gout1833
wafer1853
blob1863
pock1894
tache1957
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xxviii. 236 Deck covered in with black felt, the frozen condensation patching it with large white wafers of snow.
1897 Outing 29 543/1 The Dalmatian, or ‘coach dog,’ white with black wafers stuck all over him.
4. Medicine. A thin leaf of paste, used to form a cachet for the administration of a powder.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > pills, tablets, etc. > [noun] > capsule
wafer1848
pearl1872
capsule1875
cachet1884
perle1887
tabloid1887
jelloid1898
wafer-cachet1898
Caplet1937
cap1942
Spansule1954
1848 C. Brontë in C. Shorter Charlotte Brontë & her Circle (1896) vi. 173 She has taken no medicine, but..Locock's cough wafers, of which she has used about 3 per diem.
1887 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. IV. 699/1 Wafers are of two forms. One style consists of two watch-glass shaped bodies, whose edges, upon moistening, will cohere, leaving a central space for enclosure of the powder... The other style consists of a single large, thin, circular sheet of wafer-material. Such sheet dipped into water, becomes flexible, and..is used as a literal wrap for the dose of powder.
1913 G. Stratton-Porter Laddie (1917) iv. 74 She looked exactly as she does when the wafer bursts and the quinine gets in her mouth.
5. Gunnery. A kind of primer.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > primer
primer1819
wafer1867
1867 J. T. Headley Farragut & Naval Commanders 73 Not a gun went off... The gunners had removed the ‘wafers’ by which they were discharged.
6. Electronics. A very thin slice of a semiconductor crystal used as the substrate for solid-state circuitry.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > solid state physics > semiconductivity > [noun] > crystalline piece > silicon wafer or chip
silicon wafer1956
wafer1956
chip1962
slice1964
silicon chip1965
microchip1969
wafer chip1981
1956 Bell Syst. Techn. Jrnl. 35 3 After diffusion the entire surface of the silicon wafer is covered with the diffused n- and p-type layers.
1967 Electronics 6 Mar. 25 Litton engineers haven't decided whether to use single or two-layer metalization to interconnect the circuits within the wafers.
1975 D. G. Fink Electronics Engineers' Handbk. viii. 84 After the completion of the test sequence, the probe assembly is automatically lifted up and the probes are indexed over to the next chip to be tested on the wafer.
1979 Maclean's 2 Apr. 37/3Wafers’ containing hundreds of memory chips (each with 64,000 transistors): dispensing liquor, guiding spaceships.
1984 QL User Dec. 18 Currently, chips are manufactured in batches on discs of silicon about four inches in diameter called wafers.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a. (In sense 1.)
wafer-baker n.
ΚΠ
1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Oublieur, a wafer baker.
wafer-maker n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparing pastry, biscuits, or cake > [noun] > maker of wafers
wafer-maker1530
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 286/1 Wafyrmaker, gaufrier.
1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 5th Bk. Wks. Pantagr. Prognost. 235 Clergy-Taylors, Wafer-makers, Rosary-makers.
1852 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art (ed. 2) Suppl. 1421/2 Wafers are coloured with various materials... The wafer makers are very unwilling to show the process.
wafer roller n.
ΚΠ
1814 Gastronomy (1822) 149 The pastry-bakers, cake-makers, and wafer-rollers.
b.
wafer-like adj.
ΚΠ
1879 M. E. Braddon Vixen III. 302 Coaxing her to eat a waferlike slice of bread-and-butter.
1906 ‘A. Hope’ Sophy of Kravonia i. v. 56 Of course the mention of the waferlike mark puts her identity beyond question.
1911 J. Ward Rom. Era Brit. xii. 220 Wafer-like bone discs..are also of common occurrence.
wafer-thin adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > thickness > thinness > [adjective] > very thin
fine-drawn1840
waferish1866
tissuey1867
wafery1880
wafer-thina1911
paper-thin1929
micro-thin1945
skin-thin1946
a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) I. xxi. 381 Civilization is merely a wafer-thin veneer over most human beings as yet.
1958 Times 15 Nov. 11/6 There is dried meat of the Valais cut in wafer-thin slices.
1976 Times 1 June 1/1 Pitmen in north Derbyshire are understood to have voted by a wafer-thin majority against continuing wage restraint.
1984 B. Francis AA Car Duffer's Guide 63/2 The radiator is made up of a collection of very narrow tubes linked by wafer-thin strips of metal which are exposed to the air-flow.
c. (In sense 3.)
wafer box n.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > marking > imprinting > sealing > [noun] > wafer > box in which wafer is kept
wafer box1968
1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers liv. 591 Wilkins Flasher, Esquire, was..spearing a wafer-box with a penknife.
1968 Canad. Antiques Collector Nov. 26/1 When envelopes were introduced, the wafer box became a stamp box.
wafer-seal n.
ΚΠ
1635 Brit. Patent 82 Licencing..him and his deputies for the sole makeing of the wafer seales and he wilbe bound to sell one hundred of them for a penny.
d.
wafer-sealed adj.
ΚΠ
1728 H. Fielding Love in Several Masques iii. iii. 30 'Tis but Wafer-sealed. I'll open it and read it.
wafer-torn adj.
ΚΠ
1832 Boston Herald 29 May 4/4 The error arose from our letter being wafer-torn where the figures were written.
C2. Also see wafer-cake n.
wafer-biscuit n. = sense 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > wafer
wafer1377
wafron?c1390
wafery1542
wafer-cake1585
wafer-biscuit1848
cake cone1910
1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair xliv. 398 The hulking fellow carrying the wafer-biscuits.
wafer-bread n. unleavened bread to be used at the Eucharist in the form of wafers.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > bread > [noun]
fleshc1000
ofleteOE
mannaa1200
breada1225
bread of lifea1300
host1303
bodya1325
obleya1325
God's bodya1387
cakec1390
singing bread1432
bread of wheata1450
singing loaf1530
God's bread1535
bread god?1548
round robin?1548
holy bread1552
singing cake1553
Jack-in-the-box1554
wafer-cake?1554
wafer1559
wafer-bread1565
breaden god1570
mass cake1579
wafer-god1623
hostel1624
maker1635
hostie1641
oblata1721
altar bread1839
prosphora1874
1565 Abp. M. Parker Let. 30 Apr. in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 240 These were the orders which they must observe; to wear the cap appointed by Injunction,..to communicate kneeling in wafer-bread.
1637 Bk. Common Prayer Church of Scotl. (rubric) Though it be lawfull to have wafer bread.
c1890 M. Creighton in Life & Lett. (1904) II. 57 The use of wafer bread is undesirable and should be discontinued.
wafer-cachet n. (see sense 4).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > pills, tablets, etc. > [noun] > capsule
wafer1848
pearl1872
capsule1875
cachet1884
perle1887
tabloid1887
jelloid1898
wafer-cachet1898
Caplet1937
cap1942
Spansule1954
1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 992 Chloralamide..may be given in doses of 20 to 50 grains in wafer cachet.
wafer-god n. Obsolete an opprobrious term for the consecrated host.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > bread > [noun]
fleshc1000
ofleteOE
mannaa1200
breada1225
bread of lifea1300
host1303
bodya1325
obleya1325
God's bodya1387
cakec1390
singing bread1432
bread of wheata1450
singing loaf1530
God's bread1535
bread god?1548
round robin?1548
holy bread1552
singing cake1553
Jack-in-the-box1554
wafer-cake?1554
wafer1559
wafer-bread1565
breaden god1570
mass cake1579
wafer-god1623
hostel1624
maker1635
hostie1641
oblata1721
altar bread1839
prosphora1874
1623 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie (rev. ed.) i. sig. D1 Certaine Theeues hauing stollen the Siluer Box wherein the Wafer-Gods vse to lye.
a1743 R. Savage Epist. Sir R. Walpole 79 Lo! the priest's hand the wafergod supplies.
1857 E. B. Pusey Real Presence (1869) iii. 330 People have profanely spoken of ‘wafer-gods’. They might as well have spoken of ‘fire~gods’, of the manifestation of God in the flaming fire in the bush.
wafer-iron n. an apparatus for baking wafers, consisting of two iron blades between which the paste is held (also pair of wafer-irons).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > baker's equipment > wafer- or waffle-iron
obley-iron1346
wafer-iron1459
wafer-tongs1763
waffle-iron1794
1459 Paston Lett. I. 490 Item, ij. payre wafer irens.
1551 Will T. Fletcher, Glastonb. Oon whafer yron.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Wafer The Wafer-Iron is to be heated and rubb'd on both sides..with fresh Butter.
wafer pancake n. Obsolete a kind of pancake made thin like a wafer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pancake, tortilla, or oatcake > [noun] > pancake
froise1338
pancakea1400
flawnc1400
crust-rollc1430
pancake wisea1500
flapjack1620
torteau1625
egg-fraise1693
wafer pancake1769
flamm1819
blini1842
leather-jacket1846
round robin1847
Pfannkuchen1856
palacinka1884
blintz1903
latke1909
crêpe Suzette1922
Dutch baby1927
spring roll1927
Palatschinken1929
egg roll1938
tostada1945
crêpe1951
ploye1959
palacsinta1964
pancake roll1967
appam1972
popiah1975
uthappam1976
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper v. 143 To make Wafer Pancakes.
wafer-paper n. Obsolete a preparation of paste in thin sheets, used in cookery and pharmacy (see 4).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > [noun] > types of pastry
puff paste1598
bread pastea1654
wafer-paper1718
puff pastry1788
suet crust1809
pâte brisée1824
pasta frolla1848
chou pastry1892
puff1908
filo1946
shortcrust pastry1951
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for applying medicaments > [noun] > other applicators
seton-needle1672
burras-pipe1676
point1799
marsupium1842
wafer-paper1860
insufflator1872
douchebag1883
tampon-screwa1884
irrigator1887
ointment carrier1897
1718 Mrs. Mary Eales's Receipts 70 Then lay 'em in Lumps on Wafer-Paper, and set 'em on Papers in an Oven.
1773 G. A. Stevens Trip to Portsmouth ii. 17 That ever any school-fellow of mine should play truant from old port, and good roast beef, to live upon whey, and wafer-paper!
1860 R. Fowler Med. Vocab. Wafer-paper, an article of confectionery, now employed for the exhibition of nauseous electuaries, &c.
1889 R. Wells Bread & Biscuit Baker's Assist. 46 Cover the tins or wires with wafer paper, and lay out the biscuits.
wafer stamp n. a hand-stamp for impressing a device on wafers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > wafer stamp
wafer stamp1844
1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit xxxix. 457 He took up the wafer-stamp, and began stamping capital F's all over his legs.
wafer-tongs n. = wafer-iron n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > baker's equipment > wafer- or waffle-iron
obley-iron1346
wafer-iron1459
wafer-tongs1763
waffle-iron1794
1763 in J. Colville Ochtertyre House Bk. of Accomps (1907) 250 1 pair weffer tongs.
1769 [see sense 1a].
1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 156/1 Make the wafer-tongs hot over the hole of a stove or clear fire.
wafer-wall n. Obsolete a wall flimsy as a wafer.Apparently an isolated use.
ΚΠ
1620 F. Quarles Feast for Wormes Introd. B 2 b Thy Wafer-walles at dread Iehouahs blast Shall quake.
wafer-woman n. Obsolete a woman who sold wafers (cf. waferer n., wafrestre n. at waferer n. Derivatives).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions > seller of bakery goods > woman
wafrestre1377
pie-wife1592
wafer-woman1607
cake woman1648
pie woman1653
pie-lass1837
tart-woman1848
1607 F. Beaumont Woman Hater ii. i. sig. C4 Twas no set meeting certainelie: for there was no wafer-woman with her, these three daies, on my knowledge.
a1626 J. Fletcher & W. Rowley Maid in Mill i. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaaa2/2 Am I not able..to deliver A Letter handsomly! is that such a hard thing? Why every wafer-woman will undertake it.
wafer-work n. Obsolete a kind of ornamental work in which wafers were used to form a pattern.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > [noun] > work in specific medium
bonework1557
shell-work1611
rockwork1615
feather-work1665
quillwork1688
boss-work1697
ice work1729
wafer-work1789
filigree paper1800
feather-mosaic1843
cut paper1847
plumagery1854
leather-work1856
graffito1863
cuerda seca1911
papercraft1917
barbola1927
rosemaling1933
cuenca1939
penwork1969
1789 C. Smith Ethelinde II. viii. 190 Miss Ludford's ingenious productions in shell work, in wafer work, in filligree and coloured paper.
1817 M. Edgeworth Harrington & Ormond I. vi. 126 She sat at some fashionable kind of work—wafer work, I think it was called, a work which has been long since consigned to the mice.

Draft additions 1993

A very small ingot of gold, weighing no more than a few ounces.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > precious metal > [noun] > gold or silver > in the lump > ingot of
wedgec900
ingot1423
barc1595
billet1670
wafer1974
1974 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 30 Dec. 6/10 A second worker operates the die that cuts the strip into 1oz. wafers known as planchets.
1984 Amer. Banker 22 Mar. 18/3 According to the charges, the accused stole 500 one-ounce wafers of gold.
1990 Financial Rev. Nov. 578 10 troy ounces of gold refined to a minimum of 995 parts per 1000 in bar or wafer form.

Draft additions 1993

(sense 6).
wafer chip
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > solid state physics > semiconductivity > [noun] > crystalline piece > silicon wafer or chip
silicon wafer1956
wafer1956
chip1962
slice1964
silicon chip1965
microchip1969
wafer chip1981
1981 Japan Econ. Jrnl. 10 Feb. 13 Inspection of the wafer chip with pincers that could damage the chip surface so far had been unavoidable.
wafer-scale adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > solid state physics > semiconductivity > [adjective] > of the scale of a wafer
wafer-scale1977
1977 Aubusson & Catt in 3rd European Solid State Circuits Conf. 76 It is the purpose of this paper to outline a new approach to the on-slice interconnection of L.S.I. chips to create a wafer-scale—Integrated (W.S.I.) device.
1985 Pract. Computing May 21/4 Sinclair is diversifying again, this time with a new company to produce the revolutionary wafer-scale integration memories.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

waferv.

Brit. /ˈweɪfə/, U.S. /ˈweɪfər/
Etymology: < wafer n.
transitive. To fasten with a wafer. Also with on, up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > attach or affix [verb (transitive)] > with a wafer
wafer1748
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. xv. 162 Wafer'd on, as an after-written introduction to the paragraphs which follow.
1775 F. Burney Jrnl. 4 Mar. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 83 My father..wafered the paragraph upon a sheet of paper, & sent it to his Lodgings.
1822 Bp. Ryder in Mrs. Crane Rec. Life W. H. Havergal (1882) 34 I enclose..a letter which you may read and then wafer or seal.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 196 Such are the written placards wafered up in the gentlemen's dressing-room.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Roundabout Ride in Wks. (1898) VI. 588 Cards of lodgings wafered into the rickety bow-windows.
1861 G. A. Sala Dutch Pict. xiii. 202 [He] had wafered the page of the book containing his lesson against the doctor's desk.
1874 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David IV. Ps. xci. 9, 10. 235 My curiosity led me to read a paper which was wafered up in a shoemaker's window.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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