vitiatev.

Brit.

/ˈvɪʃɪeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈvɪʃiˌeɪt/

Forms: Also 1500s–1700s viciat(e, 1600s vitiat, vitiatt.

Etymology: < Latin vitiāt- (medieval Latin also viciāt- ), participial stem of vitiāre (whence Italian viziare , Spanish viciar , Portuguese viciar , French vicier ), < vitium vice n.¹ Compare vitiate adj.

a. transitive. To render incomplete, imperfect, or faulty; to impair or spoil.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)]

forbraidc888

besmiteeOE

awemOE

filec1175

soila1250

envenomc1300

beshrewc1325

shrew1338

corrumpa1340

corrupt1382

subvertc1384

tache1390

poison1395

infect?c1400

intoxicatec1450

deprave1482

corrup1483

rust1493

turkess?1521

vitiate1534

prevary?1541

depravate1548

fester?1548

turkish1560

wry1563

taint1573

disalter1579

prevaricate1595

sophisticate1597

invitiate1598

fashion1600

tack1601

debauch1603

deturpate1623

disaltern1635

ulcer1642

deboise1654

Neronize1673

demoralize1794

bedevil1800

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > affect detrimentally

atterc885

hurtc1200

marc1225

appair1297

impair1297

spilla1300

emblemishc1384

endull1395

blemishc1430

depaira1460

depravea1533

deform1533

envenom1533

vitiate1534

quail1551

impeach1563

subvert1565

craze1573

taint1573

spoil1578

endamage1579

qualify1584

stain1584

crack1590

ravish1594

interess1598

invitiate1598

corrupt1602

venom1621

depauperate1623

detriment1623

flaw1623

embase1625

ungold1637

murder1644

refract1646

depress1647

addle1652

sweal1655

butcher1659

shade1813

mess1823

puckeroo1840

untone1861

blue1880

queer1884

dick1972

forgar-

1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1303/1 Hym must we serue, though specially wyth the mynde (whych if it be not good, viciateth all together) yet..also wyth body and goodes and al.

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 95 A superstitious end, or a seditious end vitiates the best worke.

1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 453 Other Advices were prefer'd, which..do many times vitiate, if not ruine, the most noble and valiant Undertakings.

1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity vii. §2. 197 This Doctrine of Justification hath been, and is greatly vitiated in the Church of Rome.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 25. ¶5 A continual Anxiety for Life vitiates all the Relishes of it, and casts a Gloom over the whole Face of Nature.

1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. 166 Time, which naturally and fatally viciates and depraves all things.

1794 J. Hutton Diss. Philos. Light 124 It would only lead us into error, and thus vitiate the science or philosophy in which it were employed.

1808 J. Haslam Observ. Madness & Mel. (1809) i. 31 It might be urged, that in these instances, the perception was vitiated.

1851 J. P. Nichol Archit. Heavens (ed. 9) 60 Considering that a deviation from truth by the fraction of a hairbreadth, would vitiate the figure.

b. To corrupt (a) literary works or (b) language by carelessness, arbitrary changes, or the introduction of foreign elements.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > pervert or distort [verb (transitive)] > literary work

vitiate1659

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > incorrectness of language > abuse language [verb (transitive)] > corrupt through error

vitiate1659

barbarize1728

society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > textual criticism > version of text > create version of text [verb (transitive)] > alter or adapt (text) > erroneously

vitiate1659

corrupt1765

(a)

1659 B. Walton Considerator Considered 198 The Septuagint..which we now have is the same for substance with that anciently used, though..by the injury of time, and frequent transcriptions vitiated.

1788 T. Reid Aristotle's Logic i. § i. 5 There is reason to doubt whether what [works] are his be not much vitiated and interpolated.

(b)1690 W. Temple Ess. Poetry in Wks. (1720) I. 243 Where~ever the Roman Colonies had remained, and their Language had been generally spoken, the common People used that still, but vitiated with the base Allay of their Provincial Speech.1742 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 3) III. 4 It is observable, that the Normans could not well pronounce Lincoln, but vitiated it to Nichol.1756 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Pref. Many barbarous terms and phrases, by which other dictionaries may vitiate the style, are rejected from this.1790 J. Bruckner Crit. Diversions of Purley 55 Those who consider how much the language had been vitiated at the time they lived, by the importation of foreign words.

a. To render corrupt in morals; to deprave in respect of principles or conduct; to lower the moral standard of (persons).

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)]

defacec1325

spill1377

rust1493

vitiate1534

abastard1573

invitiate1598

vilify1615

demoralize1794

1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1311/2 We shulde note well and marke thereby, that the vice of a vicious personne, viciateth not the company or congregacion.

1659 T. Burton Diary (1828) IV. 59 This will not vitiate persons, but your nature and your posterity.

1682 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Rights Princes (new ed.) Pref. 13 Mankind is not so vitiated with prejudice.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 177. ⁋12 The suppression of those habits with which I was vitiated.

1770 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xxxvii. 73 If any part of the representative body be not chosen by the people, that part vitiates and corrupts the whole.

1853 C. L. Brace Home Life Germany 258 In 1806, the army had become thoroughly vitiated by luxury.

1880 ‘E. Kirke’ Life J. A. Garfield 55 In short, he had only one fault, but that was radical, and in the end, vitiated the whole man. He was thoroughly selfish.

b. Similarly with impersonal objects.

ΚΠ

1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft v. v. 100 He being a spirit, may with Gods leaue and ordinance viciat and corrupt the spirit and will of man.

1598 J. Marston Certaine Satyres in Metamorph. Pigmalions Image 38 Many spots my mind doth vitiate.

1634 W. Habington Castara Author Pref. sig. A3 I encounter'd there..Innocencie,..not vitiated by conversation with the world.

a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 324 So doth one Vice cherished and allowed corrupt and viciate all the Vertues in the whole World.

1714 R. Fiddes Pract. Disc. (ed. 2) II. 93 Sufferings vitiate the best tempers.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 172. ⁋2 Many vitiate their principles in the acquisition of riches.

1837 H. Martineau Society in Amer. III. 263 The encouragement of an amusement which does seem to be vitiated there.

1847 R. W. Hamilton Rewards & Punishm. (1853) viii. 362 One sin of youth vitiates a protracted life.

1861 J. S. Mill Utilitarianism i. 4 To what extent the moral beliefs of mankind have been vitiated..by the absence of any distinct recognition of an ultimate standard.

c. To pervert (the eye, taste, etc.), so as to lead to false judgements or preferences.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)] > so as to lead to false judgements

vitiate1806

1806 ‘Ignotus’ Culina (ed. 3) 120 Stomachs may be so far vitiated as to lose all relish for plain roast, or boiled meat.

1821 W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing ii. 103 This practice has such a tendency to vitiate the eye and to mislead the mind.

1845 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation ii. vi. 237 It had the mischievous effect of vitiating the public taste and stimulating the consumption of ardent spirits.

†3. To deflower or violate (a woman). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > deprive of chastity [verb (transitive)] > a woman

forliec1275

defoulc1290

dishonour1393

defilea1400

file?a1400

spilla1400

foilc1440

diviciatec1470

foul?1473

fulyie1505

vitiate1547

dishonest1565

fray1567

out1922

1547 [see vitiating n. and adj. at Derivatives].

1624 T. Heywood Γυναικεῖον i. 35 Till she returned into her owne naturall forme, in which he vitiated her, and of her begat Achilles.

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xxix. 56 This beuteous Maid [i.e. Venice] hath bin often attempted to be vitiated.

1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. i. i. 107 Being not..moved by him (as David to murder Urias, and to vitiate his wife).

1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 198. ⁋8 He confessed his Marriage, and his placing his Companion on Purpose to vitiate his Wife.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 81 It was a felony and attended with a forfeiture of the fief, if the vasal vitiated the wife or daughter of his lord.

1791 E. Burke Let. to Member National Assembly in Wks. (1823) VI. 36 Pedagogues, who betray the most awful family trusts, and vitiate their female pupils.

a. To corrupt or spoil in respect of substance; to make bad, impure, or defective.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)]

infect?1440

poison?a1513

violate1555

spoil1563

vitiate1572

waste1572

1572 J. Jones Benefit Bathes of Buckstones f. 15 For blood is the treasure of lyfe, not viciated.

1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 103 As a dead Flie doth vitiate a whole boxe of sweet oyntment.

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 125 Euen as women in their monthly courses doe vitiat their looking-glasses.

1652 L. S. Natures Dowrie iii. 6 As much water cannot so soon be viciated as a lesser quantity.

1674 R. Godfrey Var. Injuries in Physick 33 The very texture of his Stomach and other vital bowels was vitiated.

1759 J. Mills tr. H. L. Duhamel du Monceau Pract. Treat. Husbandry i. xvi. 93 Farmers distinguish the wheat thus vitiated, by saying that it is blacked in the point.

1772 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 2) xlv. 598 When the saliva is vitiated..the curing of the disorder is the cure of this symptom.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xiv. 161 The oncoming of a malady that has permanently vitiated the sight.

1882 Med. Temp. Jrnl. No. 52. 177 As I shall endeavour to show you, it vitiates the blood.

b. esp. To render (air) impure and so inadequate for, or injurious to, life.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > pollute the environment [verb (transitive)] > render air impure

vitiate1715

1715 J. T. Desaguliers tr. N. Gauger Fires Improv'd 34 The ill Humours which go out of their Bodies..vitiate the Air more and more.

1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 137 Only a very small portion of the air was vitiated, i.e. converted into fixed air.

1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 118 The impurity of the air vitiated by respiration.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 84 This gas would unduly accumulate, and..vitiate the entire bulk of the atmosphere.

a. To render of no effect; to invalidate either completely or in part; spec. to destroy or impair the legal effect or force of (a deed, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > illegality > render illegal [verb (transitive)] > deprive of legal validity

abatea1325

squatcha1325

voida1325

allayc1325

annul1395

reverse1395

revokec1400

rupt?a1425

repealc1425

abroge1427

defeat1429

purloin1461

cassa1464

toll1467

resume1472

reprove1479

suspend1488

discharge1495

reduce1498

cassate1512

defease1512

denulla1513

disannula1513

fordoa1513

avoid1514–5

abrogate?1520

frustrate1528

revert1528

disaffirm?1530

extinct1530

resolve1537

null1538

nihilate1545

extinguish1548

elidec1554

revocate1564

annullate1570

squat1577

skaila1583

irritate1605

retex1606

nullify1607

unable1611

refix1621

vitiate1627

invalid1643

vacate1643

unlaw1644

outlaw1647

invalidate1649

disenact1651

vacuate1654

supersedec1674

destroy1805

break1891

the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)] > make void or invalid

wanea889

voida1340

avoidc1375

abolishc1475

disnull1509

disannula1513

annihilate1525

evacuate1526

aniente1528

extinct1530

disable1548

extinguish1548

solute1550

destitutea1563

exinanitea1575

cashier1596

devoid1601

shorta1616

supersede1618

vitiate1627

invalidate1649

out1653

vacate1662

exinanitiate1698

atheticize1701

squasha1777

invalid1827

negate1837

negative1837

unsanction1854

cancel-

1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 360 An earthly Iudge is subiect to misprision, mis-information, partiality, corruption, and sundrie infirmities that may vitiate his proceedings.

1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 104 A Transposition of the Order of the Sacramental Words, does, in some Mens Opinion, vitiate Baptism.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 37 If all the absurd theories of lawyers and divines were to vitiate the objects in which they are conversant, we should have no law, and no religion, left in the world.

1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 21 If an undefined portion of a bequest is to be applied to a purpose void by the statute, it vitiates the whole.

1853 E. Bulwer-Lytton My Novel IV. xii. xxvii. 191 I told them flatly..that, as Mr. Egerton's agent, I would allow no proceedings that might vitiate the election.

1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 11 568 The plaintiff is engaged in carrying out the illegal objects of the association;..and this circumstance alone vitiates the contract for repayment.

b. To render (an argument, etc.) inconclusive or unsatisfactory.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] > weaken an argument

vitiate1749

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. iii. § i. 308 This will not vitiate the foregoing Conjectures.

1846 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic (ed. 2) i. v. §3 The theory of that intellectual process has been vitiated by the influence of these erroneous notions.

1866 J. F. W. Herschel Familiar Lect. Sci. Subj. (1867) 73 His proof is vitiated by an enormous oversight: and the thing..is a physical impossibility.

1878 B. Stewart & P. G. Tait Unseen Universe ii. §84. 94 It is this eternity of atom which vitiates the hypothesis.

†6.

a. To adulterate. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > mix or blend [verb (transitive)] > add as ingredient to a mixture > qualify by admixture > adulterate

adulterc1384

feigna1398

sophisticatec1400

infect?1440

counterfeit1495

adulterate?1526

dash1548

falsify1562

elay1573

abuse1574

base1581

corrupt1581

debase1591

adulterize1593

compass1594

sophisticate1604

allay1634

huckster1642

hucksterize1646

cauponize1652

alloy1661

balderdash1674

impurify1693

doctor1726

vitiate1728

sand1851

dope1898

1728 T. Sheridan tr. Persius Satyrs (1739) ii. 35 It was Luxury first made us vitiate our Oyl with Cassia.

†b. To alter feloniously. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)] > other

vitiate1753

1753 Scots Mag. Aug. 420/1 And William Taylor, for vitiating a bank-note.

Derivatives

ˈvitiating n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [adjective]

litherc893

scathefulc900

balefulOE

orneOE

teenfulOE

evilc1175

venomousc1290

scathela1300

prejudiciala1325

fell?c1335

harmfula1340

grievous1340

ill1340

wicked1340

noisomea1382

venomed1382

noyfulc1384

damageousc1386

mischievousc1390

unwholesomea1400

undisposingc1400

damnablec1420

prejudiciable1429

contagiousc1440

damagefulc1449

pestiferous1458

damageable1474

pestilent?a1475

nuisable1483

nocible1490

nuisible1490

nuisant1494

noxiousa1500

nocent?c1500

pestilential1531

tortious1532

pestilentious1533

nocive1538

offensivea1548

vitiating1547

dangerous1548

offending1552

dispendious1557

injurious1559

offensible1575

offensant1578

baneful1579

incommodious1579

prejudicious1579

prejudical1595

inimicous1598

damnifiable1604

taking1608

obnoxious1612

nocivousc1616

mischieving1621

nocuous1627

nocumentous1644

disserviceable1645

inimical1645

detrimentous1648

injuring1651

detrimental1656

inimicitial1656

nocumental1657

incommodous1677

fatal1681

inimic1696

nociferous1706

damnific1727

inimicable1805

violational1821

insalutary1836

detrimentary1841

wronging1845

unsalvatory1850

damaging1856

damnous1870

wack1986

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman

brucheeOE

corruption1340

defoulingc1380

stuprea1382

deflorationc1400

defloweringc1400

violationc1450

vitiating1547

devirgination1606

vitiation1635

unmaidening1693

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > action

illingc1220

annoyingc1330

impairingc1380

appairing1388

harminga1400

infection?1520

deringc1540

endamaging1567

hurtinga1568

maiminga1568

damaging1569

touching1590

butchering1618

damnificationa1631

poisoning1631

spoiling1632

vitiating1647

sapping1825

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > [noun]

vitiating1647

villainizing1678

demoralization1797

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [noun] > damaging or injuring

spillinga1122

impairment1340

marring1357

damaginga1400

defacingc1400

spoiling1479

violation?c1500

facingc1540

deface1556

defacement1561

infection1563

spoil1575

endamageance1594

damagement1603

mismaking1615

empoisonmenta1626

vitiation1635

vitiating1669

spoilage1815

savaging1858

spoliation1867

mucking about1969

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > [adjective]

demoralizing1794

vitiating1832

abjective1865

pathogenic1969

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > in tendency or detrimental

injurious1559

marring1567

inimicous1598

blemishing1603

disserviceable1645

inimical1645

detrimentous1648

detrimental1656

inimicitial1656

inimic1696

inimicable1805

violational1821

detrimentary1841

vitiating1858

blotching1865

1547 J. Hooper Declar. Christe xii. L viij The deathe of his chyldre, the conspyricie of Absolon, the uiciating of his wiues.

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) V. 18 The Collegiate Chirch..was translatid to Abreguili for vitiating of a Maide.

1647 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. Psalms in Tracts (1727) 392 The yielding to every corrupt affection and passion is as great a vitiating and weakening of the mind.

1669 R. Boyle Of Absolute Rest in Bodies 27 in Certain Physiol. Ess. (ed. 2) Finding its passage obstructed..by the vitiating of the Pores of the Glass.

1832 J. S. Mill in Monthly Repos. 6 658 After all which has been done to break down these vitiating, soul-debasing prejudices,..where are we now?

1858 J. Martineau Stud. Christianity 275 A certain vitiating unsoundness of mind.

1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede II. iv. xxix. 271 No man can escape this vitiating effect of an offence against his own sentiment of right.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1920; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	vitiate
释义	vitiateadj. Brit. /ˈvɪʃɪət/, U.S. /ˈvɪʃiət/ Forms: Also Middle English–1500s viciat(e, 1500s vicyate, vycyat(e. Etymology: < Latin vitiātus (medieval Latin also viciātus ), past participle of vitiāre : see vitiate v. Now rare. 1. Vitiated, depraved, infected, spoiled: a. In predicative use. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [adjective] > damaged mangledc1400 shendedc1400 vitiate?a1475 appaired1475 wrack1487 maggleda1522 manka1522 mankeda1522 spiltc1540 massacred1590 through-galled1594 spoiled1598 flawed1608 impaired1611 damaged1771 scathed1791 waterlogged1795 spoilt1816 wrecked1818 injured1857 marred1870 buggered-up1893 messed-up1909 puckerooed1919 dinged1920 trashed1926 mucked-up1930 sheg-up1941 buggered1942 screwed-up1942 mucked-about1966 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 213 A man viciate of body scholde not receyve ordres. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 427 Peple viciate and pollute, to whom hit was not lawefulle to offre. 1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xxxv^v Yf the matrice be peryshed or otherwyse viciat. 1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) i. 1 b Fyre..is the clarifyer of other elementes if they be vicyate or out of theyr naturall temperaunce. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved iii. 23 The Blood is..vitiate or corrupt. b. Const. by or with. ΚΠ c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. lx. 140 Nature sliden & viciat by þe first man Adam þoruȝ synne. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 7 For þe elde bokes..þouȝ þei were mad ful treuly, ȝet be þei viciat be þe writeres. 1533 T. More 2nd Pt. Confut. Tyndale ii, in Wks. 636/2 The scripture adulterate and viciate with false gloses & wronge exposicions. 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie iii. f. 7 Neyther with the sonne beame is viciate the sterre, Nor yet by the bearing of a sonne, the mother. c. Used attributively. ΚΠ 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Miii In their viciate & corrupt taste. 1665 G. Harvey Disc. Plague 15 Add thereunto the vitiate disposition of the air. 1913 A. Noyes Tales of Mermaid Tavern, Raleigh He never stooped, Never once pandered to that vitiate hour. †2. Scots Law. Rendered null or void; interfered or tampered with. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > illegality > [adjective] > legally invalid or faulty > made invalid or faulty vitiate1586 vacatec1688 1586 in Dunfermline Regr. (Bannatyne Club) 449 Ye auld assumptioun of ye said thrid is vitiat be ye said commendatouris proper deidis. 1593 Sc. Acts Parl., Jas. VI (1816) IV. 25/2 As ony pairt of the rent of dumfermling now viciat salbe recoverit. 1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. i. 269 It is said to be suspect, if..it appear vitiat by ocular inspection. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1920; most recently modified version published online December 2021). vitiatev. Brit. /ˈvɪʃɪeɪt/, U.S. /ˈvɪʃiˌeɪt/ Forms: Also 1500s–1700s viciat(e, 1600s vitiat, vitiatt. Etymology: < Latin vitiāt- (medieval Latin also viciāt- ), participial stem of vitiāre (whence Italian viziare , Spanish viciar , Portuguese viciar , French vicier ), < vitium vice n.¹ Compare vitiate adj. 1. a. transitive. To render incomplete, imperfect, or faulty; to impair or spoil. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)] forbraidc888 besmiteeOE awemOE filec1175 soila1250 envenomc1300 beshrewc1325 shrew1338 corrumpa1340 corrupt1382 subvertc1384 tache1390 poison1395 infect?c1400 intoxicatec1450 deprave1482 corrup1483 rust1493 turkess?1521 vitiate1534 prevary?1541 depravate1548 fester?1548 turkish1560 wry1563 taint1573 disalter1579 prevaricate1595 sophisticate1597 invitiate1598 fashion1600 tack1601 debauch1603 deturpate1623 disaltern1635 ulcer1642 deboise1654 Neronize1673 demoralize1794 bedevil1800 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > affect detrimentally atterc885 hurtc1200 marc1225 appair1297 impair1297 spilla1300 emblemishc1384 endull1395 blemishc1430 depaira1460 depravea1533 deform1533 envenom1533 vitiate1534 quail1551 impeach1563 subvert1565 craze1573 taint1573 spoil1578 endamage1579 qualify1584 stain1584 crack1590 ravish1594 interess1598 invitiate1598 corrupt1602 venom1621 depauperate1623 detriment1623 flaw1623 embase1625 ungold1637 murder1644 refract1646 depress1647 addle1652 sweal1655 butcher1659 shade1813 mess1823 puckeroo1840 untone1861 blue1880 queer1884 dick1972 forgar- 1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1303/1 Hym must we serue, though specially wyth the mynde (whych if it be not good, viciateth all together) yet..also wyth body and goodes and al. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 95 A superstitious end, or a seditious end vitiates the best worke. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 453 Other Advices were prefer'd, which..do many times vitiate, if not ruine, the most noble and valiant Undertakings. 1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity vii. §2. 197 This Doctrine of Justification hath been, and is greatly vitiated in the Church of Rome. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 25. ¶5 A continual Anxiety for Life vitiates all the Relishes of it, and casts a Gloom over the whole Face of Nature. 1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. 166 Time, which naturally and fatally viciates and depraves all things. 1794 J. Hutton Diss. Philos. Light 124 It would only lead us into error, and thus vitiate the science or philosophy in which it were employed. 1808 J. Haslam Observ. Madness & Mel. (1809) i. 31 It might be urged, that in these instances, the perception was vitiated. 1851 J. P. Nichol Archit. Heavens (ed. 9) 60 Considering that a deviation from truth by the fraction of a hairbreadth, would vitiate the figure. b. To corrupt (a) literary works or (b) language by carelessness, arbitrary changes, or the introduction of foreign elements. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > pervert or distort [verb (transitive)] > literary work vitiate1659 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > incorrectness of language > abuse language [verb (transitive)] > corrupt through error vitiate1659 barbarize1728 society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > textual criticism > version of text > create version of text [verb (transitive)] > alter or adapt (text) > erroneously vitiate1659 corrupt1765 (a) 1659 B. Walton Considerator Considered 198 The Septuagint..which we now have is the same for substance with that anciently used, though..by the injury of time, and frequent transcriptions vitiated. 1788 T. Reid Aristotle's Logic i. § i. 5 There is reason to doubt whether what [works] are his be not much vitiated and interpolated. (b)1690 W. Temple Ess. Poetry in Wks. (1720) I. 243 Where~ever the Roman Colonies had remained, and their Language had been generally spoken, the common People used that still, but vitiated with the base Allay of their Provincial Speech.1742 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 3) III. 4 It is observable, that the Normans could not well pronounce Lincoln, but vitiated it to Nichol.1756 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Pref. Many barbarous terms and phrases, by which other dictionaries may vitiate the style, are rejected from this.1790 J. Bruckner Crit. Diversions of Purley 55 Those who consider how much the language had been vitiated at the time they lived, by the importation of foreign words. 2. a. To render corrupt in morals; to deprave in respect of principles or conduct; to lower the moral standard of (persons). ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] defacec1325 spill1377 rust1493 vitiate1534 abastard1573 invitiate1598 vilify1615 demoralize1794 1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1311/2 We shulde note well and marke thereby, that the vice of a vicious personne, viciateth not the company or congregacion. 1659 T. Burton Diary (1828) IV. 59 This will not vitiate persons, but your nature and your posterity. 1682 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Rights Princes (new ed.) Pref. 13 Mankind is not so vitiated with prejudice. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 177. ⁋12 The suppression of those habits with which I was vitiated. 1770 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xxxvii. 73 If any part of the representative body be not chosen by the people, that part vitiates and corrupts the whole. 1853 C. L. Brace Home Life Germany 258 In 1806, the army had become thoroughly vitiated by luxury. 1880 ‘E. Kirke’ Life J. A. Garfield 55 In short, he had only one fault, but that was radical, and in the end, vitiated the whole man. He was thoroughly selfish. b. Similarly with impersonal objects. ΚΠ 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft v. v. 100 He being a spirit, may with Gods leaue and ordinance viciat and corrupt the spirit and will of man. 1598 J. Marston Certaine Satyres in Metamorph. Pigmalions Image 38 Many spots my mind doth vitiate. 1634 W. Habington Castara Author Pref. sig. A3 I encounter'd there..Innocencie,..not vitiated by conversation with the world. a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 324 So doth one Vice cherished and allowed corrupt and viciate all the Vertues in the whole World. 1714 R. Fiddes Pract. Disc. (ed. 2) II. 93 Sufferings vitiate the best tempers. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 172. ⁋2 Many vitiate their principles in the acquisition of riches. 1837 H. Martineau Society in Amer. III. 263 The encouragement of an amusement which does seem to be vitiated there. 1847 R. W. Hamilton Rewards & Punishm. (1853) viii. 362 One sin of youth vitiates a protracted life. 1861 J. S. Mill Utilitarianism i. 4 To what extent the moral beliefs of mankind have been vitiated..by the absence of any distinct recognition of an ultimate standard. c. To pervert (the eye, taste, etc.), so as to lead to false judgements or preferences. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)] > so as to lead to false judgements vitiate1806 1806 ‘Ignotus’ Culina (ed. 3) 120 Stomachs may be so far vitiated as to lose all relish for plain roast, or boiled meat. 1821 W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing ii. 103 This practice has such a tendency to vitiate the eye and to mislead the mind. 1845 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation ii. vi. 237 It had the mischievous effect of vitiating the public taste and stimulating the consumption of ardent spirits. †3. To deflower or violate (a woman). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > deprive of chastity [verb (transitive)] > a woman forliec1275 defoulc1290 dishonour1393 defilea1400 file?a1400 spilla1400 foilc1440 diviciatec1470 foul?1473 fulyie1505 vitiate1547 dishonest1565 fray1567 out1922 1547 [see vitiating n. and adj. at Derivatives]. 1624 T. Heywood Γυναικεῖον i. 35 Till she returned into her owne naturall forme, in which he vitiated her, and of her begat Achilles. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xxix. 56 This beuteous Maid [i.e. Venice] hath bin often attempted to be vitiated. 1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. i. i. 107 Being not..moved by him (as David to murder Urias, and to vitiate his wife). 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 198. ⁋8 He confessed his Marriage, and his placing his Companion on Purpose to vitiate his Wife. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 81 It was a felony and attended with a forfeiture of the fief, if the vasal vitiated the wife or daughter of his lord. 1791 E. Burke Let. to Member National Assembly in Wks. (1823) VI. 36 Pedagogues, who betray the most awful family trusts, and vitiate their female pupils. 4. a. To corrupt or spoil in respect of substance; to make bad, impure, or defective. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] infect?1440 poison?a1513 violate1555 spoil1563 vitiate1572 waste1572 1572 J. Jones Benefit Bathes of Buckstones f. 15 For blood is the treasure of lyfe, not viciated. 1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 103 As a dead Flie doth vitiate a whole boxe of sweet oyntment. 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 125 Euen as women in their monthly courses doe vitiat their looking-glasses. 1652 L. S. Natures Dowrie iii. 6 As much water cannot so soon be viciated as a lesser quantity. 1674 R. Godfrey Var. Injuries in Physick 33 The very texture of his Stomach and other vital bowels was vitiated. 1759 J. Mills tr. H. L. Duhamel du Monceau Pract. Treat. Husbandry i. xvi. 93 Farmers distinguish the wheat thus vitiated, by saying that it is blacked in the point. 1772 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 2) xlv. 598 When the saliva is vitiated..the curing of the disorder is the cure of this symptom. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xiv. 161 The oncoming of a malady that has permanently vitiated the sight. 1882 Med. Temp. Jrnl. No. 52. 177 As I shall endeavour to show you, it vitiates the blood. b. esp. To render (air) impure and so inadequate for, or injurious to, life. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > pollute the environment [verb (transitive)] > render air impure vitiate1715 1715 J. T. Desaguliers tr. N. Gauger Fires Improv'd 34 The ill Humours which go out of their Bodies..vitiate the Air more and more. 1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 137 Only a very small portion of the air was vitiated, i.e. converted into fixed air. 1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 118 The impurity of the air vitiated by respiration. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 84 This gas would unduly accumulate, and..vitiate the entire bulk of the atmosphere. 5. a. To render of no effect; to invalidate either completely or in part; spec. to destroy or impair the legal effect or force of (a deed, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > illegality > render illegal [verb (transitive)] > deprive of legal validity abatea1325 squatcha1325 voida1325 allayc1325 annul1395 reverse1395 revokec1400 rupt?a1425 repealc1425 abroge1427 defeat1429 purloin1461 cassa1464 toll1467 resume1472 reprove1479 suspend1488 discharge1495 reduce1498 cassate1512 defease1512 denulla1513 disannula1513 fordoa1513 avoid1514–5 abrogate?1520 frustrate1528 revert1528 disaffirm?1530 extinct1530 resolve1537 null1538 nihilate1545 extinguish1548 elidec1554 revocate1564 annullate1570 squat1577 skaila1583 irritate1605 retex1606 nullify1607 unable1611 refix1621 vitiate1627 invalid1643 vacate1643 unlaw1644 outlaw1647 invalidate1649 disenact1651 vacuate1654 supersedec1674 destroy1805 break1891 the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)] > make void or invalid wanea889 voida1340 avoidc1375 abolishc1475 disnull1509 disannula1513 annihilate1525 evacuate1526 aniente1528 extinct1530 disable1548 extinguish1548 solute1550 destitutea1563 exinanitea1575 cashier1596 devoid1601 shorta1616 supersede1618 vitiate1627 invalidate1649 out1653 vacate1662 exinanitiate1698 atheticize1701 squasha1777 invalid1827 negate1837 negative1837 unsanction1854 cancel- 1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 360 An earthly Iudge is subiect to misprision, mis-information, partiality, corruption, and sundrie infirmities that may vitiate his proceedings. 1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 104 A Transposition of the Order of the Sacramental Words, does, in some Mens Opinion, vitiate Baptism. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 37 If all the absurd theories of lawyers and divines were to vitiate the objects in which they are conversant, we should have no law, and no religion, left in the world. View more context for this quotation 1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 21 If an undefined portion of a bequest is to be applied to a purpose void by the statute, it vitiates the whole. 1853 E. Bulwer-Lytton My Novel IV. xii. xxvii. 191 I told them flatly..that, as Mr. Egerton's agent, I would allow no proceedings that might vitiate the election. 1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 11 568 The plaintiff is engaged in carrying out the illegal objects of the association;..and this circumstance alone vitiates the contract for repayment. b. To render (an argument, etc.) inconclusive or unsatisfactory. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] > weaken an argument vitiate1749 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. iii. § i. 308 This will not vitiate the foregoing Conjectures. 1846 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic (ed. 2) i. v. §3 The theory of that intellectual process has been vitiated by the influence of these erroneous notions. 1866 J. F. W. Herschel Familiar Lect. Sci. Subj. (1867) 73 His proof is vitiated by an enormous oversight: and the thing..is a physical impossibility. 1878 B. Stewart & P. G. Tait Unseen Universe ii. §84. 94 It is this eternity of atom which vitiates the hypothesis. †6. a. To adulterate. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > mix or blend [verb (transitive)] > add as ingredient to a mixture > qualify by admixture > adulterate adulterc1384 feigna1398 sophisticatec1400 infect?1440 counterfeit1495 adulterate?1526 dash1548 falsify1562 elay1573 abuse1574 base1581 corrupt1581 debase1591 adulterize1593 compass1594 sophisticate1604 allay1634 huckster1642 hucksterize1646 cauponize1652 alloy1661 balderdash1674 impurify1693 doctor1726 vitiate1728 sand1851 dope1898 1728 T. Sheridan tr. Persius Satyrs (1739) ii. 35 It was Luxury first made us vitiate our Oyl with Cassia. †b. To alter feloniously. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)] > other vitiate1753 1753 Scots Mag. Aug. 420/1 And William Taylor, for vitiating a bank-note. Derivatives ˈvitiating n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [adjective] litherc893 scathefulc900 balefulOE orneOE teenfulOE evilc1175 venomousc1290 scathela1300 prejudiciala1325 fell?c1335 harmfula1340 grievous1340 ill1340 wicked1340 noisomea1382 venomed1382 noyfulc1384 damageousc1386 mischievousc1390 unwholesomea1400 undisposingc1400 damnablec1420 prejudiciable1429 contagiousc1440 damagefulc1449 pestiferous1458 damageable1474 pestilent?a1475 nuisable1483 nocible1490 nuisible1490 nuisant1494 noxiousa1500 nocent?c1500 pestilential1531 tortious1532 pestilentious1533 nocive1538 offensivea1548 vitiating1547 dangerous1548 offending1552 dispendious1557 injurious1559 offensible1575 offensant1578 baneful1579 incommodious1579 prejudicious1579 prejudical1595 inimicous1598 damnifiable1604 taking1608 obnoxious1612 nocivousc1616 mischieving1621 nocuous1627 nocumentous1644 disserviceable1645 inimical1645 detrimentous1648 injuring1651 detrimental1656 inimicitial1656 nocumental1657 incommodous1677 fatal1681 inimic1696 nociferous1706 damnific1727 inimicable1805 violational1821 insalutary1836 detrimentary1841 wronging1845 unsalvatory1850 damaging1856 damnous1870 wack1986 society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman brucheeOE corruption1340 defoulingc1380 stuprea1382 deflorationc1400 defloweringc1400 violationc1450 vitiating1547 devirgination1606 vitiation1635 unmaidening1693 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > action illingc1220 annoyingc1330 impairingc1380 appairing1388 harminga1400 infection?1520 deringc1540 endamaging1567 hurtinga1568 maiminga1568 damaging1569 touching1590 butchering1618 damnificationa1631 poisoning1631 spoiling1632 vitiating1647 sapping1825 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > [noun] vitiating1647 villainizing1678 demoralization1797 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [noun] > damaging or injuring spillinga1122 impairment1340 marring1357 damaginga1400 defacingc1400 spoiling1479 violation?c1500 facingc1540 deface1556 defacement1561 infection1563 spoil1575 endamageance1594 damagement1603 mismaking1615 empoisonmenta1626 vitiation1635 vitiating1669 spoilage1815 savaging1858 spoliation1867 mucking about1969 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > [adjective] demoralizing1794 vitiating1832 abjective1865 pathogenic1969 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > in tendency or detrimental injurious1559 marring1567 inimicous1598 blemishing1603 disserviceable1645 inimical1645 detrimentous1648 detrimental1656 inimicitial1656 inimic1696 inimicable1805 violational1821 detrimentary1841 vitiating1858 blotching1865 1547 J. Hooper Declar. Christe xii. L viij The deathe of his chyldre, the conspyricie of Absolon, the uiciating of his wiues. a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) V. 18 The Collegiate Chirch..was translatid to Abreguili for vitiating of a Maide. 1647 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. Psalms in Tracts (1727) 392 The yielding to every corrupt affection and passion is as great a vitiating and weakening of the mind. 1669 R. Boyle Of Absolute Rest in Bodies 27 in Certain Physiol. Ess. (ed. 2) Finding its passage obstructed..by the vitiating of the Pores of the Glass. 1832 J. S. Mill in Monthly Repos. 6 658 After all which has been done to break down these vitiating, soul-debasing prejudices,..where are we now? 1858 J. Martineau Stud. Christianity 275 A certain vitiating unsoundness of mind. 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede II. iv. xxix. 271 No man can escape this vitiating effect of an offence against his own sentiment of right. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1920; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.c1450v.1534
随便看	grape-paper grape-pear grape-picker grape-picking grape-pip grape-press grape-rot grape-scissors grape-seed grape-seeded grape-shaped grape-sized grape-skin grape-stalk grape-stone grape-sugar grape-thickened grape-time grape-treader grape-tree grape-ways grape-weevil grape-wine grape-wise grape-worm

vitiateadj.

vitiatev.

Derivatives