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单词 visionary
释义

visionaryadj.n.

Brit. /ˈvɪʒn̩(ə)ri/, U.S. /ˈvɪʒəˌnɛri/
Etymology: < vision n. + -ary suffix1. Compare French visionnaire, Italian visionario, Spanish visionario, Portuguese visionario.
A. adj.
1.
a. Able or accustomed to see visions; capable of receiving impressions, or obtaining knowledge, by means of visions.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > a vision > [adjective] > able to see visions
visionary1651
visioned1813
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > inspiration or revelation > vision > [adjective] > gifted with vision
visionary1651
visioned1866
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxvi. 231 Such quarrells amongst the Visionary Prophets.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 284 Thus, many not succeeding, most upbraid The Madness of the visionary Maid.
a1721 J. Sheffield Wks. (1753) I. 79 So visionary brains ascend the sky, While on the ground entranc'd the wretches lie.
1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st xxxii. 17 See, in the rear of the warm sunny shower, The visionary boy from shelter fly!
1792 S. Rogers Pleasures Mem. i. 161 What spells entrance my visionary mind.
1817 W. Scott Harold v. xvi. 161 O, think upon the words of fear Spoke by that visionary Seer.
1850 A. Jameson Legends Monastic Orders 400 And as she grew up, she became a strange, solitary, visionary child, to whom an unseen world had revealed itself.
1883 F. Galton Inquiries into Human Faculty (1910) 125 A large natural gift of the visionary faculty might become characteristic..of certain families.
b. Given to fanciful and unpractical views; having little regard to what is actual or possible; speculative, dreamy.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > fancy or fantastic notion > [adjective]
dreaminga1500
fantasied1590
chimerizing1604
vaporous1605
imaginative1626
whimsy1637
airy1643
whimmed1654
chimerical1660
figmentitious1660
notional1664
visionary1712
viewy1848
Barriesque1894
the mind > will > intention > planning > [adjective] > purely ideal or impractical
visionary1712
1712 J. Swift Proposal for Eng. Tongue 7 Supplying our Wants, faster than the most visionary Projector can adjust his Schemes.
1770 E. Burke Thoughts Present Discontents 3 If a man happens not to succeed in such an enquiry, he will be thought weak and visionary.
1786 J. Bonnycastle Introd. Astron. 17 We laugh at the absurdities of a visionary pretender.
1817 W. Brougham in Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 298 Mr. Spence, the visionary author of the new system, lived 20 years ago.
1827 E. Bulwer-Lytton Falkland i. 13 I grew by degrees of a more thoughtful and visionary nature.
1902 W. L. Mathieson Polit. & Relig. Scotl. I. iii. 100 Knox was no visionary enthusiast.
2.
a. Of the nature of a vision; presented or apprehended in a vision. Cf. visional adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > optical illusion > [adjective] > vision or apparition
walking?1550
visional1588
visionary1648
spectrological1802
eidolic1881
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > a vision > [adjective]
visional1647
visionary1648
phantasmical1678
phantasmal1805
visioned1817
phantasmic1825
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > inspiration or revelation > vision > [adjective]
visional1588
visionarya1701
visionic1857
1648 R. Boyle Seraphic Love (1700) xvi. 103 The sole Hymn (except a Visionary one) I find recorded of the Celestial Quire, was sung for a Blessing to Mankind.
1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 21 Some things like Visionary flights appear; The Spirit caught him up, the Lord knows where: And [etc.].
a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 79 Which, they say, is the Mountain into which the Devil took our Blessed Saviour, when he tempted him with that visionary scene of all the Kingdomes, and glorys of the World.
1720 R. Welton tr. T. Alvares de Andrade Sufferings Son of God I. viii. 161 These Divine Illapses of Revelation, which become Visionary in our Sleep.
1785 W. Cowper Task v. 400 There, like the visionary emblem seen By him of Babylon, life stands a stump.
1838 E. B. Barrett Seraphim & Other Poems i. 205 One of those Whom the loving Father chose, In visionary pomp to sweep O'er Judæa's grassy places.
b. Seen only in a vision; unreal, non-existent, phantom, spectral.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > ghost or phantom > [adjective]
fantastic1483
fantasticalc1485
spectrical1609
sprightlya1616
spectrene1652
spectrous1652
shadowy1681
visionary1697
ghostly1753
faerie1767
spectry1796
spectral1816
spectrish1822
apparitional1824
phantasiastic1830
spooky1854
astral1877
the world > existence and causation > existence > substantiality or concreteness > unsubstantiality or abstractness > [adjective] > unsubstantial or merely apparent
shadowy1374
phantom?c1450
shadowish1561
dreamish1563
fleshlessa1592
dreamya1594
shadowed1597
unreal1605
phantasmatic1607
dreamlike1615
umbratilous1637
phantasmatical1642
umbratile1647
moonshine1668
phantomical1687
visionary1697
faerie1767
filmlike1804
phantasmal1805
spectral1816
moonshiny1821
phantomatica1834
parheliacal1852
phantomic1878
translunar1927
celluloid1928
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > optical illusion > [adjective] > vision or apparition > seen only in a vision
visionary1697
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > a vision > [adjective] > seen in a vision
visioned1510
visionary1697
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 245 I wept to see the visionary Man: And while my Trance continu'd, thus began.
1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Theodore & Honoria 280 The hounds at nearer distance hoarsely bayed; The Hunter close pursu'd the visionary Maid.
1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey III. x. 633 Sudden shall skim along the dusky glades Thin airy shoals, and visionary shades.
1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) III. xxxviii. 619 The visionary fabric melted into air.
1820 C. Lamb in London Mag. Aug. 143/1 The shade of some dead accountant, with visionary pen in ear, would flit by me, stiff as in life.
1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. xiv. 212 There was not a corner or nook..where those fairy footsteps had not glided, and that visionary golden head..fleeted along.
1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. viii. 71 By what visionary hands she was led along upon that journey of escape from the Samaritan.
c. Connected with, or pertaining to, visions.
ΚΠ
1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 78 Here frequent, at the Visionary Hour, When musing Midnight reigns or silent Noon, Angelic Harps are in full Concert heard.
1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 313 Having intimidated themselves apart from the rest, with visionary notions.
1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor iv, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 51 Meanwhile this mysterious visionary traffic had its usual effect, in unsettling Miss Ashton's mind.
d. Disturbed by visions.
ΚΠ
1807 J. Barlow Columbiad i. 23 When from a visionary short repose, That nursed new cares and temper'd keener woes, Columbus woke.
3.
a. Existing in imagination only; imaginary; not actual or real.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > [adjective] > only in imagination or unreal
imaginary?1510
imaginative1517
rational1530
fantastical1531
fantasied1561
airy1565
fancied1568
legendary1570
dreamed1597
fabled1606
ideal1611
fictive1612
affectual1614
insubstantiala1616
imaginatorya1618
supposititious1620
fictitious1621
utopian1624
utopic1624
notional1629
affective1633
fictiousa1644
notionary1646
figmental1655
suppositious1655
fict1677
visionary1725
metaphysical1728
unrealized1767
fancy1801
nice-spun1801
subjective1815
aerial1829
transcendental1835
cardboardy1863
mythical1870
cardboard1879
fictionary1882
figmentary1887
alternative1939
alternate1944
fantasized1964
ideate1966
fanciful-
fantastic-
1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 246 Vanish'd are all the visionary joys.
1745 J. Mason Treat. Self-knowl. i. xiv. 117 Suffer not your Thoughts..to give you a visionary Pleasure in the Prospect of what you have not the least Reason to hope.
1798 S. Lee Young Lady's Tale in H. Lee Canterbury Tales II. 308 So deep a hold had this..visionary delight taken on Emily, that the days hung heavily with her.
1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. viii. 364 With the consolidation of the supremacy, the apprehension of its visionary evils recurred.
a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. xxiii. 11 The danger which seemed so terrible to many honest friends of liberty he did not venture to pronounce altogether visionary.
1876 W. Besant & J. Rice Golden Butterfly I. i. 52 The power of the penniless twins was a shadowy and visionary thing.
b. Of schemes, plans, etc.: Incapable of being carried out or realized; purely ideal or speculative; fantastic, unpractical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > practical impossibility > [adjective] > relating to impractical ideas
visionary1729
impossibilist1892
1729 J. Swift Modest Proposal 15 Vain, idle, visionary thoughts.
1751 Earl of Orrery Remarks Swift (1752) 75 A miserable example of an ill-spent life, fantastic wit, visionary schemes, and female weakness.
1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1778) II. v. 130 The crews of three of his ships..insisted on relinquishing the visionary project of a desperate adventurer.
1815 J. F. Stephens Shaw's Gen. Zool. IX. i. 77 Those [opinions] of the ancients appear to be either visionary or erroneous.
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. ix. 111 These were wild and visionary notions, and with little chance of ever arriving at any successful issue.
1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) I. xi. 265 Kepler abandoned for a while his visionary speculations.
1883 Manch. Examiner 30 Oct. 5/5 The quiet of the land is being disturbed to suit the visionary theories of well-meaning but unpractical men.
c. Characterized by fantasy or imagination without corresponding reality.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > fancy or fantastic notion > [adjective] > of fanciful nature
feigned1526
fantasticala1546
conceited1588
capricious1594
fanatical1598
vaporous1605
chimerical1638
chimeric1655
lymphatical1678
chimerian1682
wild goose1770
visionary1777
whimmy1785
whimming1787
Laputan1866
viewy1866
Alice1872
Alice-in-Wonderland1874
fantasied1882
Alician1898
blue-sky1920
pie in the sky1930
rocambolesque1935
1777 J. Richardson Diss. Eastern Nations 3 On this visionary field, learned and pious men have disputed with much want of temper.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. v. 116 Emily sought to lose the sense of her own cares, in the visionary scenes of the poet.
1840 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. lvi. 141 Lycurgus..had not learnt..to withdraw from active life into a visionary world.
1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea I. 228 If Louis Napoleon was going to be content with a visionary life [etc.].
1874 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 1st Ser. 292 [He] sought refuge from the hard facts of commonplace life by retiring into a visionary world.
4. Pertaining to (physical or mental) vision.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > [adjective]
perspective?a1475
optical1570
optic1600
visual1603
specular1656
speculative1656
visional1790
visionary1814
ocular1831
1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion iv. 146 It may be allowed me to remember What visionary powers of eye and soul In youth were mine. View more context for this quotation
B. n.
1. One who has visions; one to whom unknown or future things are revealed in visions.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > a vision > [noun] > one who has visions
visionary1706
visioner1716
voyant1938
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > inspired prophecy > [noun] > a prophet or seer
witiec897
seera1382
before-speakerc1400
prophesier1477
spaeman?a1505
vaticinarc1550
destinator1579
mantist1588
vident1588
vates1625
fatary1652
faticane1652
vaticinator1652
visionist1665
visionary1706
visioner1716
weird-man1806
spaer1820
spae-wright1876
percipient1883
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Visionary, one that is subject to Dreams, silly Notions and extravagant Fancies; a fantastical Pretender to Visions and Revelations.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 56. ¶3 One of their Countrymen descended in a Vision to the great Repository of Souls... The Visionary..arrived at length on the Confines of this World of Spirits.
1778 W. Cookworthy & T. Hartley in tr. E. Swedenborg Treat. Heaven & Hell Pref. p. xi Of such honourable repute was the name Seer, or visionary, in those times.
1830 W. Scott Lett. Demonol. & Witchcraft i. 6 It becomes almost in vain to argue with the visionary against the reality of his dream.
1850 A. Jameson Legends Monastic Orders 265 On one side kneels the visionary, with features wan and worn.
1870 J. B. Brown First Princ. Eccl. Truth 262 Forms of perfect beauty and purity, of which the keenest visionary has had but feeble dreams.
2. One who indulges in fantastic ideas or schemes; an unpractical speculator or enthusiast.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > fancy or fantastic notion > [noun] > fanciful person
dreamera1425
fantast1588
fantastical1589
fantastic1598
maggot-monger1607
Sabine1610
maggot-patea1640
wham1691
whim1712
visionarya1719
imaginariana1729
ideologue1815
ideologist1818
fancier1828
idealist1829
abstractionist1844
phantasist1864
dreamsmith1873
luftmensch1902
cuckoo-lander1916
fantasist1923
pie-in-the-skyer1973
a1719 J. Addison Dialogues Medals in Wks. (1721) I. i. 447 This science has its visionaries as well as all others.
1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) I. p. xii We must therefore respect the Man, even while we smile at the Visionary.
1834 H. Martineau Demerara (new ed.) x. 122 He had laid his accounts for being treated as a visionary, and for his own plans being laughed at as absurd.
1868 W. Peard Pract. Water-farming xiv. 140 The agriculturist..will not be deemed a visionary, because he calculates on the coming harvest with certainty.
1880 W. D. Howells Undiscovered Country v He's a visionary, but he's a good man.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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