viscountn.

Brit.

/ˈvʌɪkaʊnt/, U.S.

/ˈvaɪˌkaʊnt/

Forms: α. Middle English–1500s viscounte (Middle English vescownte), Middle English– viscount (1500s viscont). β. Middle English vycounte, vicounte, vicound, 1500s Scottish vecount, 1500s–1700s vicount (1600s vicont).

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman vescounte, viscounte (viscunte , visconte ), Old French visconte, viconte (French vicomte ), < vis- vice- prefix + counte count n.², after medieval Latin vicecomes: compare vice-count n. So Italian visconte, Portuguese visconde, Spanish vizconde.

a. Historical. One acting as the deputy or representative of a count or earl in the administration of a district; in English use spec. a sheriff or high sheriff.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > sheriff or high sheriff

shiremanc1020

sheriffc1034

viscount1387

shire-reeve14..

high sheriff1450

1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 37 The erle Pictaveuse..ravesched his owne viscountes wyf.

1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 165 Oon Wydomarus, viscounte of Lemovik..foond greet tresour of gold.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 1984 Sir Valyant of Vyleris..made siche avowez, To venquyse by victorie the vescownte of Rome!

1484 W. Caxton tr. Ordre of Chyualry (1926) iii. 28 Kynges oughte to haue vnder them dukes, Erles, vycountes and other lordes.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxlv. f. cxlvi^v Otho..pursued after y^e vaungarde of the Kyng, of y^e which were Capitayns, y^e Uicounte of Mylyon, & one named Fryer Garny.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 113 The Vicount of Melun, a verye noble man of the realme of Fraunce.

1579 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) 181 b Viscount is a magistrate, and officer, of grat authoryty whom wee commonly call (Sherife).

1630 J. Wadsworth Present Estate Spayne 32 Vicountes of Spayne, and the value of their Lordships, of which they are Vicounts.

1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Viscount,..Vicount, signifies as much as Sheriff.

1861 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 2) iii. 42 All the freeholders assembled under the viscount or sheriff.

1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 330 Nigel, the valiant Viscount of the district.

in combination.1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Vicomptier, of a Vicount, Vicountlike.

b. In the island of Jersey: (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > sheriff or high sheriff > in Jersey

viscount1694

1694 P. Falle Acct. Isle of Jersey ii. 65 Before whom rideth the Viscount, or Sheriff, with his Staff of Office erected, one End thereof on the Pommel of his Saddle.

1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands iv. xxiii. 525 In Jersey there is an officer called Vicomte, or Viscount, who represents the High Sheriff of an English county.

2. A member of the fourth order of the British peerage, ranking between an earl and a baron. Occasionally contracted Visc., Visct.This use of the title dates from the reign of Henry VI, when John, Baron Beaumont, was created Viscount Beaumont by letters patent of 12th February, 1440.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > viscount or viscountess > [noun] > viscount

viscount1450

vice-count1461

viscounty1587

vicomte1847

1450 Rolls of Parl. V. 189/2 Notwithstondyng that Vis~countes were not erecte nor create, in the tyme of..oure Fadre.

c1475 Contin. Brut 602 Þe Duke of Northfolke, þe Erle of Warwyk, Lord Facounbryge, & Vicound Bowser.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxv^v Fraunces lorde Louell was then made Vicount Louel, and the kynge his chamberlain.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. clxxxx The kyng..created the vicount Rochforth Earle of Wilshire, and the vicount Fitzwater, was created Earle of Sussex.

1628 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 3) i. ii. iii. xi. 105 A Knight would be a Baronet, and then a Lord, and then a vicount, and then an Earle.

1645 J. Milton Epit. Marchioness of Winchester in Poems 23 The honour'd Wife of Winchester, A Viscounts daughter, an Earls heir.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1664 (1955) III. 381 I went with my L: V. Count Cornbury to Cornebury in Oxford-shire.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 385 All degrees of honour are not of equal antiquity. Those now in use are dukes, marquesses, earls, viscounts, and barons.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 369/2 Peers of the Realm;..the persons who fall under this description are the dukes, marquesses, earls, viscounts, and barons.

1869 J. E. Cussans Handbk. Heraldry (rev. ed.) xiv. 165 The privilege of wearing Coronets was accorded to Viscounts by James the First.

3. In Continental usage: The son or younger brother of a count.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > earl or count > foreign earl or count > son or younger brother of count

viscount1847

1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxviii. 239 The postilion who drove us [to Waterloo] was a Viscount, a son of some bankrupt Imperial General.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	viscount
释义	viscountn. Brit. /ˈvʌɪkaʊnt/, U.S. /ˈvaɪˌkaʊnt/ Forms: α. Middle English–1500s viscounte (Middle English vescownte), Middle English– viscount (1500s viscont). β. Middle English vycounte, vicounte, vicound, 1500s Scottish vecount, 1500s–1700s vicount (1600s vicont). Etymology: < Anglo-Norman vescounte, viscounte (viscunte , visconte ), Old French visconte, viconte (French vicomte ), < vis- vice- prefix + counte count n.², after medieval Latin vicecomes: compare vice-count n. So Italian visconte, Portuguese visconde, Spanish vizconde. 1. a. Historical. One acting as the deputy or representative of a count or earl in the administration of a district; in English use spec. a sheriff or high sheriff. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > sheriff or high sheriff shiremanc1020 sheriffc1034 viscount1387 shire-reeve14.. high sheriff1450 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 37 The erle Pictaveuse..ravesched his owne viscountes wyf. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 165 Oon Wydomarus, viscounte of Lemovik..foond greet tresour of gold. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 1984 Sir Valyant of Vyleris..made siche avowez, To venquyse by victorie the vescownte of Rome! 1484 W. Caxton tr. Ordre of Chyualry (1926) iii. 28 Kynges oughte to haue vnder them dukes, Erles, vycountes and other lordes. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxlv. f. cxlvi^v Otho..pursued after y^e vaungarde of the Kyng, of y^e which were Capitayns, y^e Uicounte of Mylyon, & one named Fryer Garny. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 113 The Vicount of Melun, a verye noble man of the realme of Fraunce. 1579 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) 181 b Viscount is a magistrate, and officer, of grat authoryty whom wee commonly call (Sherife). 1630 J. Wadsworth Present Estate Spayne 32 Vicountes of Spayne, and the value of their Lordships, of which they are Vicounts. 1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Viscount,..Vicount, signifies as much as Sheriff. 1861 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 2) iii. 42 All the freeholders assembled under the viscount or sheriff. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 330 Nigel, the valiant Viscount of the district. in combination.1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Vicomptier, of a Vicount, Vicountlike. b. In the island of Jersey: (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > sheriff or high sheriff > in Jersey viscount1694 1694 P. Falle Acct. Isle of Jersey ii. 65 Before whom rideth the Viscount, or Sheriff, with his Staff of Office erected, one End thereof on the Pommel of his Saddle. 1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands iv. xxiii. 525 In Jersey there is an officer called Vicomte, or Viscount, who represents the High Sheriff of an English county. 2. A member of the fourth order of the British peerage, ranking between an earl and a baron. Occasionally contracted Visc., Visct.This use of the title dates from the reign of Henry VI, when John, Baron Beaumont, was created Viscount Beaumont by letters patent of 12th February, 1440. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > viscount or viscountess > [noun] > viscount viscount1450 vice-count1461 viscounty1587 vicomte1847 1450 Rolls of Parl. V. 189/2 Notwithstondyng that Vis~countes were not erecte nor create, in the tyme of..oure Fadre. c1475 Contin. Brut 602 Þe Duke of Northfolke, þe Erle of Warwyk, Lord Facounbryge, & Vicound Bowser. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxv^v Fraunces lorde Louell was then made Vicount Louel, and the kynge his chamberlain. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. clxxxx The kyng..created the vicount Rochforth Earle of Wilshire, and the vicount Fitzwater, was created Earle of Sussex. 1628 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 3) i. ii. iii. xi. 105 A Knight would be a Baronet, and then a Lord, and then a vicount, and then an Earle. 1645 J. Milton Epit. Marchioness of Winchester in Poems 23 The honour'd Wife of Winchester, A Viscounts daughter, an Earls heir. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1664 (1955) III. 381 I went with my L: V. Count Cornbury to Cornebury in Oxford-shire. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 385 All degrees of honour are not of equal antiquity. Those now in use are dukes, marquesses, earls, viscounts, and barons. 1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 369/2 Peers of the Realm;..the persons who fall under this description are the dukes, marquesses, earls, viscounts, and barons. 1869 J. E. Cussans Handbk. Heraldry (rev. ed.) xiv. 165 The privilege of wearing Coronets was accorded to Viscounts by James the First. 3. In Continental usage: The son or younger brother of a count. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > earl or count > foreign earl or count > son or younger brother of count viscount1847 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxviii. 239 The postilion who drove us [to Waterloo] was a Viscount, a son of some bankrupt Imperial General. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1387
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