burrown.¹

Brit.

/ˈbʌrəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈbəroʊ/

Forms: Middle English borwȝ, Middle English–1500s borow, 1500s boroughe, 1500s–1600s borough, burrowe, bury, 1600s burrough(e, 1600s– burrow, (1800s ? dialect bury, burry). See also berry n.³

Etymology: Of somewhat obscure origin. The forms are identical with those of borough n., of which the word is commonly regarded as a variant; but the sense is not known to have belonged to Old English burh , Old Norse borg , or to the parallel form in any Germanic language. Possibly it may be a special use of borough n. 1, stronghold; or else a derivative (unrecorded in Old English and Old Norse) of *burg- ablaut-stem of Old Germanic *bergan to shelter, protect; compare bury v., buriels n. The forms bury , berry n.³ may perhaps be connected with bergh n. protection, shelter.

a. A hole or excavation made in the ground for a dwelling-place by rabbits, foxes and the like.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter > burrow

holec950

burrowa1375

dowera1398

earthc1450

anglec1720

pipe1738

tunnel1873

pig-hole1928

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 9 By-side þe borwȝ þere þe barn was inne.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. viii. 20 Foxis han dichis, or borowis, and briddis of the eir han nestis.

1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII xi Rabettes, in or vpon any bury.

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) V. 49 There is nothing now but a Fox Borow.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iv. xii. 645 The wood torteise..maketh her borough in the woods.

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 173 Leaving places on the sides for the Coneys to draw and make their Stops or Buries.

1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia I. xiii. 93 The conies, which the rain had driven from their burrows.

1832 H. Martineau Ella of Garveloch iii. 37 To hunt the puffins out of their burrows in the rock.

1867 R. I. Murchison Siluria (new ed.) iii. 40 The burrows..made by Crustaceans.

1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 38 In heavy rain..they [rabbits] generally remain within their buries.

†b. A burrowing; any small tubular excavation, or underground passage. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > underground passage or tunnel

crypt1583

burrow1615

gallery1630

syrinx1678

rock hole1738

cellarwaya1762

tunnel1765

heading1811

subpassage1822

subway1822

subway1831

underpass1904

the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [noun] > quality of being hollow cylinder > hollow cylinder or tube > small or narrow

quillc1433

pen?1440

burrow1615

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 607 The burroughes [of the internal ear] in their inward superficies are inuested with a very soft and fine membrane.

1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 82 Fiery Mines or Burroughs.

c. transferred.

ΚΠ

1910 Practitioner June 838 In patients whose occupation necessitates frequent washing of the hands and arms, the typical burrows so usually found between the fingers and on the anterior aspects of the wrists may be entirely absent.

2. transferred and figurative. A secluded or small hole-like dwelling-place, or place of retreat; a ‘hole’.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > other dwelling places > [noun] > secluded or retreat

nestling place1589

hermitage1648

burrow1650

eyrie1794

nookery1824

love nest1853

nest1865

embowering1882

1650 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James (1651) 44 This fellow knew his Burrough well enough.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1779 II. 284 The chief advantage of London..is, that a man is always so near his burrow.

1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage xxix. 408 A fresh breeze made our burrow colder than was agreeable.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 130 Within a few miles of Dublin, the traveller..saw..the miserable burrows out of which squalid..barbarians stared wildly.

Compounds

† burrow-headed adj. ? given to searching things out, inquisitive, curious (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > [adjective]

inquisitivec1386

inquiring1598

investigating1631

inquirous1632

burrow-headed1650

curious1653

interested1665

inquisitous1694

interrogative1709

yuky1719

Eve-ish1753

inquisite1808

wondering1810

percontatorial1849

questionous1893

quizzy1920

curious-minded1928

1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 17 Over-brain'd Burrow-headed Men, restlesse in studying new things.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

burrown.²

Forms: Middle English boroughe, burgh, 1600s borough, 1600s– burrow. See also barrow n.¹

Etymology: The form taken in some parts of England, especially Cornwall, by the Old English beorg , Middle English berȝ , berw , borȝ , borw , burgh hill, of which the more general representative is barrow n.¹, and a by-form berry n.²Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈburrow.

dialect or technical.

A heap or mound; in earlier use a hillock; now, esp. a heap of refuse made in mining or beat-burning. See beat-borough n. at beat n.³ Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > rising ground or eminence > [noun] > hillock

barrowc885

burrowc885

berryc1000

knapc1000

knollc1000

ball1166

howa1340

toft1362

hillocka1382

tertre1480

knowec1505

hilleta1552

hummock1555

mountainettea1586

tump1589

butt1600

mountlet1610

mounture1614

colline1641

tuft1651

knock?17..

tummock1789

mound1791

tomhan1811

koppie1848

tuffet1877

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > burning off refuse

burrow1602

denshiring1607

burning1669

burn-baking1769

burn1792

burning off1800

burnbeating1808

stifle-burning1844

burn-off1861

bush burn1861

bush-burning1898

slash-burning1919

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles > an accumulation > heap or pile

heapc725

cockeOE

hill1297

tassc1330

glub1382

mow?1424

bulkc1440

pile1440

pie1526

bing1528

borwen1570

ruck1601

rick1608

wreck1612

congest1625

castle1636

coacervation1650

congestion1664

cop1666

cumble1694

bin1695

toss1695

thurrock1708

rucklea1725

burrow1784

mound1788

wad1805

stook1865

boorach1868

barrow1869

sorites1871

tump1892

fid1926

clamp-

c885 tr. Orosius Hist. i. i. §12 Þa beorgas þe mon hæt Alpis.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) iii. 5 Ælc munt and beorh byþ genyðerod.

c1150 in Wright Voc. 92 Hul uel beoruh.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10405 Segges vnder beorȝen [c1300 Otho borewe]. mid hornen mid hunden.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6143 Vnder ane berhȝe [c1300 Otho borewe].

1340 Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 2172 A balȝ berȝ, bi a bonke.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. viii. 227 Thenne shalt þou blenche at a bergh [v.r. berwe, borw, borȝ, borgh], ber-no-fals-wytnesse.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 314/1 This holy man sawe upon the burgh on the ground the deuyls makyng joye.

c1500 Lyfe Roberte Deuyll 444 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 236 Farre from boroughe or hyll.

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 19^v Before plowing time, they scatter abroad those Beat-boroughs..vpon the ground.

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 148^v One Gidly..digged downe a little hillocke, or Borough.

1663 W. Charleton Chorea Gigantum 39 Those Tumuli, or (as we call them) Burrows.

1697 C. Merret in Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 351 Hills..called Burrows..supposed to be Sepulchral Monuments.

1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 125 Prepare a burrow of soil..from old Turf.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 550 Burrow, a miner's term for a heap of rubbish.

1880 East Cornwall Gloss. (E.D.S.) Burrow, a mound or heap; a sepulchral tumulus. Beat-burrow, a heap of burnt turves.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

burrown.³

Etymology: < Old English beorg, beorh (feminine) (only in compounds), gebeorh neuter Middle English bergh , shelter, < beorgan to shelter, bergh n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈburrow.

dialect.

Shelter.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter

leeOE

lewthc1000

shadowc1200

coverturec1450

hele?1527

burrow1577

shelter1595

lown1603

umbrage1607

shield1615

lew1908

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > a shelter

burrow1577

sheltera1616

shed1616

abri1761

awning1826

1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. i. ii. xxiv. 358 Enclosed burrowes where their legions accustomed..to winter.

1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. i. ii. xxiv. 360 The boroughs or buries were certeine plots of ground, whereon the Roman souldiers did use to lie, when they kept in the open field.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xviii. vi. 114 Flat levell and plaine fields not able to affoord us..any borough to shelter us [L. latibula praebere sufficiens].

1867 Leisure Hour June 352 Where there has been convenient shelter or burrow, as it is called in Oxfordshire, from the wind.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

† burrown.⁴

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: burgh n.

Etymology: Variant of burgh n. Compare earlier borough n.

Obsolete.

In plural. The burgesses, or representatives of the burghs or ‘commonalty’ in the Scottish parliament. Cf. burgess n.¹

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > other national governing or legislative bodies > [noun] > division of Scottish parliament

bowrugie1488

burrows1634

1634–46 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 135 Many commissioners being assembled, they were parted in three, barrons, burrowes, ministers.

1642 Declar. Lords & Comm. to Gen. Ass. Ch. Scot., Lond. 10 The Nobility, Gentry, Burrowes, Ministers and Commons.

1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 486 The gentrie by themselves, the burrows by themselves.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

† burrown.⁵

Forms: late Middle English burrowe, 1600s burrow.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: burr n.¹

Etymology: Originally a variant of burr n.¹ (compare senses 1 and 5 at that entry), in later use distinguished in form in the sense below. Compare brough n. 1.

Obsolete.

A circle of light about the moon; = brough n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > aureole

circlea1123

hale1440

brough1496

burrow1499

halo1563

shine1581

burr1631

broucha1657

glory1693

aureole1858

Scheiner's halo1983

1499 Promptorium Parvulorum Burrowe [1440 Burwhe, sercle], orbiculus.

1656 W. Dugard tr. J. A. Comenius Gate Lat. Unlocked (1659) vi. §64 A circle (Burrow) about the moon foresheweth wet..weather.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

burrowv.¹

Brit.

/ˈbʌrəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈbəroʊ/

Etymology: < burrow n.¹

a. intransitive. Of animals: To make a burrow or small excavation, esp. as a hiding- or dwelling-place.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by habits or actions > habits and actions > [verb (intransitive)] > dig or burrow

diga1425

thirl1577

delve1727

burrow1771

bury1841

mole1856

1771 Barrington in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 62 10 They..burrow under ground.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 218 Their dens which they [alligators] form by burrowing far under ground.

1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. II. 307 The larvæ burrow in the wood.

1831 R. Southey Lit. Bk. in Green & G. in Wks. X. 380 Worms..Burrowing safely in thy side.

b. figurative. To lodge as in a burrow, hide oneself.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, lie or hidden [verb (intransitive)]

mitheeOE

wryOE

darea1225

skulka1300

hidec1330

hulkc1330

dilla1400

droopc1420

shroudc1450

darkenc1475

conceal1591

lie1604

dern1608

burrow1614

obscurea1626

to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1701

lie close1719

1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket ii. 47 These Monsters are in the Wildernesse! No, they borough in Sion.

1640 W. Prynne Lord Bishops vi. sig. Fij These Lordly Prelates..will not suffer any one..to burrow within their Diocese.

1836 E. Howard Rattlin, the Reefer I. vii. 61 We were forced to burrow in mean lodgings.

1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 95 Some dim cave where he [an anchorite] had burrowed With bats and owls.

c. figurative. To bore, penetrate, or make one's way under the surface; also to burrow one's way.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > hollowness > become hollow [verb (intransitive)] > burrow under surface

burrow1804

terrier1864

1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 169 I have known many diseases which burrow.

1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 637/1 The ulcer..as it burrows deeply..may perforate the muscular wall.

1852 W. E. Gladstone Functions of Laymen in Church 26 Each local body has to find, I should say rather to burrow, its own way.

1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) II. xxiv. 340 To burrow for heresy among the obscurities of thought.

1859 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 2 June in French & Ital. Notebks. (1980) vii. 540 We were burrowing through its bewildering passages.

a. reflexive with past participle: To hide away in, or as in, a burrow.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > conceal oneself [verb (reflexive)]

hidec897

wryOE

shroudc1402

imbosk1562

shrine1570

thick1574

mew1581

burrow1596

dern1604

earth1609

veil1614

ensconcea1616

abscond1626

perdue1694

secrete1764

to stow away1795

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > a secret place, hiding place > secrete oneself [verb (reflexive)]

denc1220

burrow1837

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. li. 233 These lie burrowed, safe from skath.

1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. i, in Poems 42 An Infant..Left by neglect and burrow'd in that bed.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. v. v. 318 A blustering Effervescence, of brawlers and spouters, which, at the flash of chivalrous broadswords,..will burrow itself, in dens.

b. transitive. With into. To sink or ‘bury’ (one's head, etc.) in. Cf. bury v. 4a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > insert or put in [verb (transitive)] > into the inside of

embowel1596

burrow1915

1915 J. Buchan Thirty-nine Steps iii. 61 He swung his heels up on the seat, and burrowed a frowsy head into the cushions.

1982 T. Keneally Schindler's Ark ii. 53 The other Jews in the office bowed their heads and burrowed their eyes into worksheets.

3. transitive. To construct by burrowing, to excavate.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > earth-moving, etc. > [verb (transitive)] > dig (hole, etc.)

delvec825

graveOE

sinkc1358

diga1387

holkc1400

cast1481

to dig up1551

moil1581

effodiate1612

diffode1657

to dig out1748

burrow1831

excavate1839

crow1853

1831 Q. Rev. 44 357 Most of their habitations were wretched cabins..burrowed in the sides of the mountains.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† burrowv.²

Etymology: < burrow n.³, or variant of bergh v.

Obsolete. rare.

transitive. To protect, to shelter.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > seek (refuge) [verb (transitive)] > shelter

wrench?c1225

covera1275

herda1300

lown1487

scug1513

subumber1543

becalm1559

embower1580

ensconce1594

sconce1598

screen1611

burrow1657

lew1664

embosom1685

1657 R. Austen Treat. Fruit-trees (ed. 2) 116 Hills, houses, or such like, to burrow or shelter it from the North..winds.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

n.¹a1375

n.²c885

n.³1577

n.⁴1634

n.⁵1499

v.¹1596

v.²1657

单词	burrow
释义	burrown.¹ Brit. /ˈbʌrəʊ/, U.S. /ˈbəroʊ/ Forms: Middle English borwȝ, Middle English–1500s borow, 1500s boroughe, 1500s–1600s borough, burrowe, bury, 1600s burrough(e, 1600s– burrow, (1800s ? dialect bury, burry). See also berry n.³ Etymology: Of somewhat obscure origin. The forms are identical with those of borough n., of which the word is commonly regarded as a variant; but the sense is not known to have belonged to Old English burh , Old Norse borg , or to the parallel form in any Germanic language. Possibly it may be a special use of borough n. 1, stronghold; or else a derivative (unrecorded in Old English and Old Norse) of burg- ablaut-stem of Old Germanic bergan to shelter, protect; compare bury v., buriels n. The forms bury , berry n.³ may perhaps be connected with bergh n. protection, shelter. 1. a. A hole or excavation made in the ground for a dwelling-place by rabbits, foxes and the like. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter > burrow holec950 burrowa1375 dowera1398 earthc1450 anglec1720 pipe1738 tunnel1873 pig-hole1928 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 9 By-side þe borwȝ þere þe barn was inne. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. viii. 20 Foxis han dichis, or borowis, and briddis of the eir han nestis. 1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII xi Rabettes, in or vpon any bury. a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) V. 49 There is nothing now but a Fox Borow. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iv. xii. 645 The wood torteise..maketh her borough in the woods. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 173 Leaving places on the sides for the Coneys to draw and make their Stops or Buries. 1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia I. xiii. 93 The conies, which the rain had driven from their burrows. 1832 H. Martineau Ella of Garveloch iii. 37 To hunt the puffins out of their burrows in the rock. 1867 R. I. Murchison Siluria (new ed.) iii. 40 The burrows..made by Crustaceans. 1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 38 In heavy rain..they [rabbits] generally remain within their buries. †b. A burrowing; any small tubular excavation, or underground passage. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > underground passage or tunnel crypt1583 burrow1615 gallery1630 syrinx1678 rock hole1738 cellarwaya1762 tunnel1765 heading1811 subpassage1822 subway1822 subway1831 underpass1904 the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [noun] > quality of being hollow cylinder > hollow cylinder or tube > small or narrow quillc1433 pen?1440 burrow1615 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 607 The burroughes [of the internal ear] in their inward superficies are inuested with a very soft and fine membrane. 1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 82 Fiery Mines or Burroughs. c. transferred. ΚΠ 1910 Practitioner June 838 In patients whose occupation necessitates frequent washing of the hands and arms, the typical burrows so usually found between the fingers and on the anterior aspects of the wrists may be entirely absent. 2. transferred and figurative. A secluded or small hole-like dwelling-place, or place of retreat; a ‘hole’. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > other dwelling places > [noun] > secluded or retreat nestling place1589 hermitage1648 burrow1650 eyrie1794 nookery1824 love nest1853 nest1865 embowering1882 1650 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James (1651) 44 This fellow knew his Burrough well enough. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1779 II. 284 The chief advantage of London..is, that a man is always so near his burrow. 1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage xxix. 408 A fresh breeze made our burrow colder than was agreeable. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 130 Within a few miles of Dublin, the traveller..saw..the miserable burrows out of which squalid..barbarians stared wildly. Compounds † burrow-headed adj. ? given to searching things out, inquisitive, curious (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > [adjective] inquisitivec1386 inquiring1598 investigating1631 inquirous1632 burrow-headed1650 curious1653 interested1665 inquisitous1694 interrogative1709 yuky1719 Eve-ish1753 inquisite1808 wondering1810 percontatorial1849 questionous1893 quizzy1920 curious-minded1928 1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 17 Over-brain'd Burrow-headed Men, restlesse in studying new things. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021). burrown.² Forms: Middle English boroughe, burgh, 1600s borough, 1600s– burrow. See also barrow n.¹ Etymology: The form taken in some parts of England, especially Cornwall, by the Old English beorg , Middle English berȝ , berw , borȝ , borw , burgh hill, of which the more general representative is barrow n.¹, and a by-form berry n.²Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈburrow. dialect or technical. A heap or mound; in earlier use a hillock; now, esp. a heap of refuse made in mining or beat-burning. See beat-borough n. at beat n.³ Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > rising ground or eminence > [noun] > hillock barrowc885 burrowc885 berryc1000 knapc1000 knollc1000 ball1166 howa1340 toft1362 hillocka1382 tertre1480 knowec1505 hilleta1552 hummock1555 mountainettea1586 tump1589 butt1600 mountlet1610 mounture1614 colline1641 tuft1651 knock?17.. tummock1789 mound1791 tomhan1811 koppie1848 tuffet1877 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] > clearing land > burning off refuse burrow1602 denshiring1607 burning1669 burn-baking1769 burn1792 burning off1800 burnbeating1808 stifle-burning1844 burn-off1861 bush burn1861 bush-burning1898 slash-burning1919 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles > an accumulation > heap or pile heapc725 cockeOE hill1297 tassc1330 glub1382 mow?1424 bulkc1440 pile1440 pie1526 bing1528 borwen1570 ruck1601 rick1608 wreck1612 congest1625 castle1636 coacervation1650 congestion1664 cop1666 cumble1694 bin1695 toss1695 thurrock1708 rucklea1725 burrow1784 mound1788 wad1805 stook1865 boorach1868 barrow1869 sorites1871 tump1892 fid1926 clamp- c885 tr. Orosius Hist. i. i. §12 Þa beorgas þe mon hæt Alpis. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) iii. 5 Ælc munt and beorh byþ genyðerod. c1150 in Wright Voc. 92 Hul uel beoruh. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10405 Segges vnder beorȝen [c1300 Otho borewe]. mid hornen mid hunden. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6143 Vnder ane berhȝe [c1300 Otho borewe]. 1340 Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 2172 A balȝ berȝ, bi a bonke. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. viii. 227 Thenne shalt þou blenche at a bergh [v.r. berwe, borw, borȝ, borgh], ber-no-fals-wytnesse. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 314/1 This holy man sawe upon the burgh on the ground the deuyls makyng joye. c1500 Lyfe Roberte Deuyll 444 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 236 Farre from boroughe or hyll. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 19^v Before plowing time, they scatter abroad those Beat-boroughs..vpon the ground. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 148^v One Gidly..digged downe a little hillocke, or Borough. 1663 W. Charleton Chorea Gigantum 39 Those Tumuli, or (as we call them) Burrows. 1697 C. Merret in Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 351 Hills..called Burrows..supposed to be Sepulchral Monuments. 1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 125 Prepare a burrow of soil..from old Turf. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 550 Burrow, a miner's term for a heap of rubbish. 1880 East Cornwall Gloss. (E.D.S.) Burrow, a mound or heap; a sepulchral tumulus. Beat-burrow, a heap of burnt turves. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2021). burrown.³ Etymology: < Old English beorg, beorh (feminine) (only in compounds), gebeorh neuter Middle English bergh , shelter, < beorgan to shelter, bergh n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈburrow. dialect. Shelter. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter leeOE lewthc1000 shadowc1200 coverturec1450 hele?1527 burrow1577 shelter1595 lown1603 umbrage1607 shield1615 lew1908 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > a shelter burrow1577 sheltera1616 shed1616 abri1761 awning1826 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. i. ii. xxiv. 358 Enclosed burrowes where their legions accustomed..to winter. 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. i. ii. xxiv. 360 The boroughs or buries were certeine plots of ground, whereon the Roman souldiers did use to lie, when they kept in the open field. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xviii. vi. 114 Flat levell and plaine fields not able to affoord us..any borough to shelter us [L. latibula praebere sufficiens]. 1867 Leisure Hour June 352 Where there has been convenient shelter or burrow, as it is called in Oxfordshire, from the wind. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2020). † burrown.⁴ Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: burgh n. Etymology: Variant of burgh n. Compare earlier borough n. Obsolete. In plural. The burgesses, or representatives of the burghs or ‘commonalty’ in the Scottish parliament. Cf. burgess n.¹ ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > other national governing or legislative bodies > [noun] > division of Scottish parliament bowrugie1488 burrows1634 1634–46 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 135 Many commissioners being assembled, they were parted in three, barrons, burrowes, ministers. 1642 Declar. Lords & Comm. to Gen. Ass. Ch. Scot., Lond. 10 The Nobility, Gentry, Burrowes, Ministers and Commons. 1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 486 The gentrie by themselves, the burrows by themselves. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † burrown.⁵ Forms: late Middle English burrowe, 1600s burrow. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: burr n.¹ Etymology: Originally a variant of burr n.¹ (compare senses 1 and 5 at that entry), in later use distinguished in form in the sense below. Compare brough n. 1. Obsolete. A circle of light about the moon; = brough n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > aureole circlea1123 hale1440 brough1496 burrow1499 halo1563 shine1581 burr1631 broucha1657 glory1693 aureole1858 Scheiner's halo1983 1499 Promptorium Parvulorum Burrowe [1440 Burwhe, sercle], orbiculus. 1656 W. Dugard tr. J. A. Comenius Gate Lat. Unlocked (1659) vi. §64 A circle (Burrow) about the moon foresheweth wet..weather. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021). burrowv.¹ Brit. /ˈbʌrəʊ/, U.S. /ˈbəroʊ/ Etymology: < burrow n.¹ 1. a. intransitive. Of animals: To make a burrow or small excavation, esp. as a hiding- or dwelling-place. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habits or actions > habits and actions > [verb (intransitive)] > dig or burrow diga1425 thirl1577 delve1727 burrow1771 bury1841 mole1856 1771 Barrington in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 62 10 They..burrow under ground. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 218 Their dens which they [alligators] form by burrowing far under ground. 1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. II. 307 The larvæ burrow in the wood. 1831 R. Southey Lit. Bk. in Green & G. in Wks. X. 380 Worms..Burrowing safely in thy side. b. figurative. To lodge as in a burrow, hide oneself. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, lie or hidden [verb (intransitive)] mitheeOE wryOE darea1225 skulka1300 hidec1330 hulkc1330 dilla1400 droopc1420 shroudc1450 darkenc1475 conceal1591 lie1604 dern1608 burrow1614 obscurea1626 to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1701 lie close1719 1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket ii. 47 These Monsters are in the Wildernesse! No, they borough in Sion. 1640 W. Prynne Lord Bishops vi. sig. Fij These Lordly Prelates..will not suffer any one..to burrow within their Diocese. 1836 E. Howard Rattlin, the Reefer I. vii. 61 We were forced to burrow in mean lodgings. 1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 95 Some dim cave where he [an anchorite] had burrowed With bats and owls. c. figurative. To bore, penetrate, or make one's way under the surface; also to burrow one's way. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > hollowness > become hollow [verb (intransitive)] > burrow under surface burrow1804 terrier1864 1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 169 I have known many diseases which burrow. 1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 637/1 The ulcer..as it burrows deeply..may perforate the muscular wall. 1852 W. E. Gladstone Functions of Laymen in Church 26 Each local body has to find, I should say rather to burrow, its own way. 1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) II. xxiv. 340 To burrow for heresy among the obscurities of thought. 1859 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 2 June in French & Ital. Notebks. (1980) vii. 540 We were burrowing through its bewildering passages. 2. a. reflexive with past participle: To hide away in, or as in, a burrow. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > conceal oneself [verb (reflexive)] hidec897 wryOE shroudc1402 imbosk1562 shrine1570 thick1574 mew1581 burrow1596 dern1604 earth1609 veil1614 ensconcea1616 abscond1626 perdue1694 secrete1764 to stow away1795 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > a secret place, hiding place > secrete oneself [verb (reflexive)] denc1220 burrow1837 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. li. 233 These lie burrowed, safe from skath. 1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. i, in Poems 42 An Infant..Left by neglect and burrow'd in that bed. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. v. v. 318 A blustering Effervescence, of brawlers and spouters, which, at the flash of chivalrous broadswords,..will burrow itself, in dens. b. transitive. With into. To sink or ‘bury’ (one's head, etc.) in. Cf. bury v. 4a. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > insert or put in [verb (transitive)] > into the inside of embowel1596 burrow1915 1915 J. Buchan Thirty-nine Steps iii. 61 He swung his heels up on the seat, and burrowed a frowsy head into the cushions. 1982 T. Keneally Schindler's Ark ii. 53 The other Jews in the office bowed their heads and burrowed their eyes into worksheets. 3. transitive. To construct by burrowing, to excavate. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > earth-moving, etc. > [verb (transitive)] > dig (hole, etc.) delvec825 graveOE sinkc1358 diga1387 holkc1400 cast1481 to dig up1551 moil1581 effodiate1612 diffode1657 to dig out1748 burrow1831 excavate1839 crow1853 1831 Q. Rev. 44 357 Most of their habitations were wretched cabins..burrowed in the sides of the mountains. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † burrowv.² Etymology: < burrow n.³, or variant of bergh v. Obsolete. rare. transitive. To protect, to shelter. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > seek (refuge) [verb (transitive)] > shelter wrench?c1225 covera1275 herda1300 lown1487 scug1513 subumber1543 becalm1559 embower1580 ensconce1594 sconce1598 screen1611 burrow1657 lew1664 embosom1685 1657 R. Austen Treat. Fruit-trees (ed. 2) 116 Hills, houses, or such like, to burrow or shelter it from the North..winds. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.¹a1375n.²c885n.³1577n.⁴1634n.⁵1499v.¹1596v.²1657
随便看	all-comprehensiveness all-concerning all-confounding all-conquering all-conqueringly all-consuming all-containing all-court all-creating all-creator all-cure all-day all-day breakfast all-day horse all-day singing all-day sucker all-dayer all-deciding all-defiance all-defiant all-defying all-destroyer all-destroying all-devouring all-digital

burrown.1

Compounds

burrown.2

burrown.3

† burrown.4

† burrown.5

burrowv.1