vigourn.
/ˈvɪɡə/, U.S. /ˈvɪɡər/ 1. Active physical strength as an attribute or quality of living things; active force or power; activity or energy of body or constitution.in extended use.?a1535 To City of London (Vitellius) in J. Small Poems W. Dunbar (1893) II. 276 London, thou art the floure of Cities all;..Strong Troy in vigour and in strenuytie.† b. Frequently in Middle English verse in the adverbial phrase with (..) vigour. Also in plural. Obsolete.
a. In persons, animals, or their limbs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > resistance to disease
lustc950
lustinessc1325
vigourc1386
hardinessc1405
lustihood1600
stamina1726
lustihead1748
hardihood1780
robustfulness1879
refractoriness1887
refractiveness1931
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun]
greennesseOE
lustinessc1325
forcea1375
vigourc1386
virrc1575
vigour1602
nerve1605
vivacity1649
vis1650
actuosity1660
amenity1661
vogue1674
energy1783
smeddum1790
dash1796
throughput1808
feck1811
go1825
steam1826
jism1842
vim1843
animalism1848
fizz1856
jasm1860
verve1863
snap1865
sawdusta1873
élan1880
stingo1885
energeticism1891
sprawl1894
zip1899
pep1908
jazz1912
zoom1926
toe1963
zap1968
stank1997
c1386 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale 845 I seye this entente That right as god spirit of vigour sente To hem, and saued hem out of meschance, So sente he myght and vigour to Custance.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 971 Inwyth not a fote, To strech in þe strete þou has no vygour, Bot þou wer clene withouten mote.
c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 2738 There was no man durst hem assayle, For drede of here vigour.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. xii Thenne the dogge toke strengthe and vygour ageyne.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. UUUviv Bycause [he]..wolde shewe hym selfe more than man, he wolde, after that all his blode was shedde, reserue in hym vigour and vertue of lyfe.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 293 + 13 As motion and long during action tyres The sinnowy vigour of the trauayler.
1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 259 His naturall strength or vigor was not abated.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 436 Now we find this our Empyreal forme..Imperishable, and though peirc'd with wound, Soon closing, and by native vigour heal'd. View more context for this quotation
a1699 W. Temple Ess. Health & Long Life in Wks. (1720) I. 278 That the Natives and Inhabitants of hilly and barren Countries have not only more Health in general, but also more Vigour than those of the Plains.
1717 M. Prior Alma ii. 128 Thus He who runs or dances, begs The equal Vigor of Two Legs.
1775 J. Harris Philos. Arrangem. vii. 136 Health and Sickness, Vigour and Decay, are all to be found..in each Individual of the human race.
1783 G. Crabbe Village ii. 33 When Honour lov'd, and gave thee every charm, Fire to thy eye and vigour to thy arm.
1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 113 And this is the cause that prevents the return of vigour to my body.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Œnone (rev. ed.) in Poems (new ed.) I. 126 So that my vigour, wedded to thy blood, Shall strike within thy pulses.
1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 276 The Muskellunge, Esox nobilior, is the rival of the Pike in size and vigor.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > acting vigorously or energetically [phrase] > with great vigour or energy
with (also in) mood and maineOE
vigour13..
with or by (all one's) might and mainc1330
with (one's) forcec1380
like anything1665
hammer and tongs1708
like stour1787
(in) double tides1788
like blazes1818
like winking1827
with a will1827
like winky1830
like all possessed1833
in a big way1840
like (or worse than) sin1840
full swing1843
like a Trojan1846
like one o'clock1847
like sixty1848
like forty1852
like wildfire1857
like old boots1865
like blue murder1867
like steam1905
like stink1929
like one thing1938
like a demon1945
up a storm1953
13.. K. Alis. 1431 (Linc.) Boþe wiþ coyntise, and wiþ vigour, He wan of þat lond þe honour.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2322 Now habbeþ þes frensche lordes stoute conquered þe stronge tour, And habbeþ a-slawe & dryuen oute þe Sarsynz with vygour.
a1400 Coer de L. 1936 And ever men bare them up with levours, And slew them with great vigours.
c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 13330 The vanwardis met with gret hidoure, Thei rod to-gedur with gret vigoure.
c. In plants or vegetable growths.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by good growth > [noun] > good growth or power
vegetation?c1450
validity1578
vigour1604
vegetity1628
virour1657
hardiness1834
robustness1870
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. iii. 209 Nature is contented to give them vigour to bring forth fruites.
1664 J. Evelyn Sylva xxix. 90 It should be in this status, vigour and perfection of Trees, that a Felling should be celebrated.
1706 G. London & H. Wise Retir'd Gard'ner I. ii. 181 That the Branches for Wood may not shoot out with so much Vigour.
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Vitis The Vines..must be annually dress'd, according to the Vigour of the Plant.
1807 J. E. Smith Introd. Physiol. & Systematical Bot. 33 The more vigour there is in a tree,..the sooner is its alburnum made perfect wood.
1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 470 In order..to equalise the production of fruit, and maintain a sufficient degree of vigour in the vines.
1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (ed. 3) vii. 286 The tropical temperature, calling out into almost unnatural vigour whatever vegetation receives the life-giving touch of its waters.
d. Const. of (life, etc.). Sometimes with implication of 2. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun]
greennesseOE
lustinessc1325
forcea1375
vigourc1386
virrc1575
vigour1602
nerve1605
vivacity1649
vis1650
actuosity1660
amenity1661
vogue1674
energy1783
smeddum1790
dash1796
throughput1808
feck1811
go1825
steam1826
jism1842
vim1843
animalism1848
fizz1856
jasm1860
verve1863
snap1865
sawdusta1873
élan1880
stingo1885
energeticism1891
sprawl1894
zip1899
pep1908
jazz1912
zoom1926
toe1963
zap1968
stank1997
1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iii. i. sig. E4 Before I touch The banks of rest, my ghost shall visite her. Thou vigor of my youth, iuyce of my loue, Seize on reuenge.
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. i. 25 These surely prove even greater Vigour of Life than bodily Strength does.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People v. §1. 212 The vigour of English life showed itself socially in the wide extension of commerce.
2. Mental or moral strength, force, or energy; activity, animation, or liveliness of the mind or the faculties.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > mental or moral vigour
spirita1382
spritec1540
fire edgea1572
mettle1581
vigour1587
springa1682
peppiness1921
Schwung1930
1587 W. Fowler Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 22 In his youthe at that tyme when the senses hes most force and vigeur.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 197 I considered, that those kindes of gaining onely required strength of body, whereas this and the like required also vigor of minde.
1680 W. Temple Ess. Cure of Gout in Miscellanea 195 The vigor of the mind decays with that of the body.
a1771 T. Gray Ess. I in W. Mason Mem. Life & Writings (1775) 193 Those kindly cares, That health and vigour to the soul impart.
1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. vi, in Wks. (1851) V. 584 A race of men..in their bodily constitution, as well as vigour of spirit, nearly resembling the warlike tribes in North America.
1823 J. Gillies tr. Aristotle Rhetoric ii. xiv. 308 The mind retains its utmost vigour to forty-nine.
1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge ii. 244 Leaving their hearts and spirits young and in full vigour.
1856 B. Brodie Psychol. Inq. (ed. 3) I. i. 6 He had lost none of his intellectual vigour.
3.
a. Active force or strength as an attribute of things, natural agencies, conditions, or qualities; intensity of effect or operation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or intensity of action > force or intensity of operation or effect
strengthOE
forcec1320
vigour?a1445
forcibleness1563
accent1591
edgea1593
strongnessa1604
keenness?1606
forcefulness1825
power drive1927
kilowattage1935
wattage1964
welly1977
?a1445 T. Gascoigne Life St. Bridget in Kal. Legends Eng. (Pynson) 125 Nat dredying the vigour of the colde nor the impedyment of the great hete.
a1535 T. More Treat. Bodie of Lorde in Wks. (1557) II. 1267/1 Although we belieue it, yet is therin many of vs, that beliue verye faynte and farre fro the poynte of suche vigour and strength, as woulde God it hadde.
1554 W. Prat tr. J. Boemus Discr. Aphrique sig. Cviijv Moystnes shed by nyght and by the vygueur of the sonne.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. iv. 79 My bones beares witnesse, That since haue felt the vigor of his rage. View more context for this quotation
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. vi. 293 The vigour of the day gone, and the cooling night come, we aduanced.
1638 Bp. J. Wilkins Discov. New World (1707) xiv. 119 The Loadstone does cast forth its own Vigour round about its Body.
1653 W. Ramesey Astrologia Restaurata 72 Moreover a Planet that is hot and dry, is lessened of his vigour in a term that is cold and moyst.
1774 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 3) xxiv. 264 If at the turn of the disease the fever assumes new vigour..the patient must be bled.
1798 J. Ferriar Illustr. Sterne i. 12 They had seen absurdity in its full vigour.
1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xxiv. 302 Her enthusiasm was continually stirred to fresh vigour by the influence of Savonarola.
1880 J. Ruskin Arrows of Chace i. xii The crystalline vigour of a truth.
b. Of drugs, medicaments, wine, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > efficacy > [noun] > intensity of effect
vigour1542
1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth xx. sig. K.i Borage..doth set a man in temporaunce. And so doth buglosse for he is taken of more vygor & strength & effycacye.
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 43/1 This salve must be præpared before you annoynct your heade, and it continueth in his vigor two yeares after other.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. v. 68 And with a sodaine vigour it doth possesse And curde..The thin and wholsome blood. View more context for this quotation
1664 J. Beale in J. Evelyn Pomona in Sylva 29 It is a laudable way of trying the vigour of Cider by its promptness to burn.
c. Of words, arguments, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > vigour or force > [noun]
eloquence1382
elocution1509
gravity?1520
pith?1531
vigour1532
emphasy1548
energy?1549
emphasisa1555
pithiness1557
abruptness1591
emphaticalness1647
nervousness1727
cogency1750
forcibility1771
cogence1782
verve1803
forcefulness1825
force1842
snap1870
full-bloodedness1894
punch1901
compulsiveness1918
punchiness1938
1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 813/2 Some thinges yet shal I shew you..in thys laste booke besyde, that shal haue such vygour and strength therin, that [etc.].
1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) ii. 57 It is certaine that a sentence hath so much the more or lesse force and vigor, according to the difference of persons from whom it commeth, and of the words by which it is uttered.
1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. A3v The fiery vigor of thy words. View more context for this quotation
d. As an artistic or literary quality.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [noun] > work of art > qualities generally
decoruma1568
humoura1568
variety1597
strength1608
uniformity1625
barbarity1644
freedom1645
boldness1677
correctness1684
clinquant1711
unity1712
contrast1713
meretriciousness1727
airiness1734
pathos1739
chastity1760
vigour1774
prettyism1789
mannerism1803
serio-comic1805
actuality1812
largeness1824
local colour1829
subjectivitya1834
idealism1841
pastoralism1842
inartisticalitya1849
academicism1852
realism1856
colour contrast1858
crampedness1858
niggling1858
audacity1859
superreality1859
literalism1860
pseudo-classicism1861
sensationalism1862
sensationism1862
chocolate box1865
pseudo-classicality1867
academism1871
actualism1872
academicalism1874
ethos1875
terribilità1877
local colouring1881
neoclassicism1893
mass effect1902
attack1905
verismo1908
kitsch1921
abstraction1923
self-consciousness1932
surreality1936
tension1941
build-up1942
sprezzatura1957
1774 W. Mitford Ess. Harmony Lang. 135 Vigor is added by the rapid flow of the short syllables.
1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. iii. 91 The relative majesty of buildings depends more on the weight and vigour of their masses, than on any other attribute of their design.
1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 255/1 If..the whole picture is wanting in vigour and contrast, it is caused by over-exposure.
1896 H. Holiday Stained Glass i. 24 The painter has..to repeat the two matt processes till he has obtained the necessary vigour and depth in his work.
4. Legal or binding force; validity. in vigour, in force or operation.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > law enforcement > in force [phrase]
in vigour1425
society > law > rule of law > [noun] > validity or legal force
strengthOE
vigour1425
validity?1553
force1593
universality1599
1425 Rolls of Parl. IV. 277/1 But þat neverþeles þappointement stand in al thyngs unhirte, and in his vigor and strengthe.
1455 Rolls of Parl. IV. 329/2 That the saide Lettres Patentes be..in alsuch force, vigore and effect.
1644 J. Milton tr. M. Bucer Ivdgem. conc. Divorce 6 Neither did she know the vigor of the Gospel, wherin all cause of marying is debarr'd from women, while thir husbands live.
1654 J. Bramhall Just Vindic. Church of Eng. i. 4 Secondly,..in abandoning the Court of Rome, they make not any new Law, but onely declare and restore the old Law of the Land to its former Vigour.
1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. i. 238 Then the former Act..was in vigour, and so the Lords could not restrict the annualrent to six [per cent], against an expresse Law.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vii. 201 The Five Mile Act and the Conventicle Act were in full vigour.
5.
a. Strong or energetic action, esp. in administration or government; the power, exercise, or use of this, esp. as possessed by or as an attribute of a ruler or governor.Frequently implying some degree of severity or rigour.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or intensity of action
keenness1600
emphasis1604
roundness1616
vigoura1630
vivacity1652
intensity1830
incision1862
intensiveness1892
a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) iii. iii. 279 The Cantons of Sweitzerland,..by inviolable observation of theire leagues, constantly governed theire Commonwealth in the old viger.
1712 Spectator No. 467. ⁋9 Never failing to exert himself with Vigour and Resolution in the Service of his Prince.
1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero I. iv. 234 The vigor of his Consulship had raised such a zeal and union of all the honest in the defense of the laws.
a1781 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip III (1783) ii. 143 When they reflected on the vigour and great abilities he had exerted during this campaign.
1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. v. 64 The Star Chamber..was invested with a vigour beyond the laws.
1844 A. W. Kinglake Eothen xiii. 194 The slaying of the guide was of course easy enough, and would look like an act of what politicians call ‘vigour’.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vii. §4. 375 The issue of the Scotch war revealed suddenly to Europe the vigour of Elizabeth.
b. In wider use: Force, heartiness, energy.
ΚΠ
1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 365 It was sung..with much vigour by the congregation.
6. The condition or state of greatest strength or activity, esp. in the life of a man; spec. in Medicine, the height or acme of a disease.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > age > prime > [noun]
flowering agec1400
pridec1475
blooming-time1495
flower?1507
season?1507
day1546
flourishing years?1555
golden years1559
vigour1563
consistent age1574
prime1574
May moon1576
acme1579
Maya1586
flourish1597
May month1600
consistencea1613
May morna1616
constant age1620
high daya1625
blouth1643
flourishing age1737
heyday1751
floruit1843
bloom-hour1850
blossom-time1860
the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > freshness or vigour > state of greatest strength
vigour1563
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] > stage of disease > crisis
statea1400
crise?1541
crisis1543
judgement1547
judging day1547
vigour1563
fit1578
indicative day1624
station1651
status1663
acme1682
judicatory1684
solution1842
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or intensity of action > stage of greatest
vigour1563
heat1588
paroxysm1650
1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. ii. iii. f. 35v There is also another excellent plaster which Galene vseth in the Vigour of an inflammation.
1588 T. Kyd tr. T. Tasso Housholders Philos. f. 4 They are in ye vigor of their yeeres when the youth of their sonnes begin to florish.
1656 J. Smith Compl. Pract. Physick 153 [As a remedy for thirst, take] the decoction of the Roots of Sorrel, which will look like red Wine; Give drink in the vigour.
1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 78 He was then in the Vigour of his years.
1771 Encycl. Brit. III. 66/2 When this disease is at its state, or vigor, all the symptoms are worse.
1798 J. Ferriar Illustr. Sterne ii. 52 A work produced in the vigour of his fancy.
1822 C. Lamb in London Mag. Mar. 284/1 Your puns and small jests are..extremely circumscribed in their sphere of action... Their vigour is as the instant of their birth.
1831 D. Brewster Life I. Newton xix. 329 The flower of his youth, and the vigour of his manhood, were entirely devoted to science.
1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. III. 68 Shakespeare, in the vigour of life, withdrew from the theatre and the metropolis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > cause or reason > [phrase] > because of
in virtue ofa1250
by (also for) reason ofa1350
by the virtue ofa1375
by the cause ofc1405
by occasion ofc1425
for cause ofc1425
by way of1447
for suit of1451
in respect of1528
in consideration of1540
in regard of1600
in intuition to1626
by or in vigour of1636
along1680
in view of1710
1636 R. Basset in tr. G. A. de Paoli Lives Rom. Emperors 383 Who..refused to performe homage in vigour of a cession made by Albertus the Arch-Duke.
1642 P. Heylyn Hist. Episcopacie ii. iv. 366 By vigour of his Episcopall function and the Authority of his Chaire, he had power enough, to be straightway avenged of him for the same.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
† vigourv.
Obsolete. rare.
transitive. To invigorate; to inspire with vigour.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)]
akeleOE
restOE
comfort1303
ease1330
quickc1350
recurea1382
refresha1382
refetec1384
restorec1384
affilea1393
enforcec1400
freshc1405
revigour?a1425
recomfortc1425
recreatec1425
quicken?c1430
revive1442
cheerc1443
refection?c1450
refect1488
unweary1530
freshen1532
corroborate1541
vige?c1550
erect?1555
recollect?1560
repose1562
respite1565
rouse1574
requicken1576
animate1585
enlive1593
revify1598
inanimate1600
insinew1600
to wind up1602
vigorize1603
inspiritc1610
invigour1611
refocillate1611
revigorate1611
renovate1614
spriten1614
repaira1616
activate1624
vigour1636
enliven1644
invigorate1646
rally1650
reinvigorate1652
renerve1652
to freshen up1654
righta1656
re-enlivena1660
recruita1661
enlighten1667
revivify1675
untire1677
reanimate1694
stimulate1759
rebrace1764
refreshen1780
brisken1799
irrigate1823
tonic1825
to fresh up1835
ginger1844
spell1846
recuperate1849
binge1854
tone1859
innerve1880
fiercen1896
to tone up1896
to buck up1909
pep1912
to zip up1927
to perk up1936
to zizz up1944
hep1948
to zing up1948
juice1964
1636 O. Feltham in Ann. Dubrensia sig. D3v Nor does Apolloes harpe ere sound more high, Then when tis vigor'd from a Ladies eye.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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