violencen.
/ˈvʌɪələns/, /ˈvʌɪəln̩s/, U.S. /ˈvaɪ(ə)ləns/ 1.
a. The deliberate exercise of physical force against a person, property, etc.; physically violent behaviour or treatment; (Law) the unlawful exercise of physical force, intimidation by the exhibition of such force. Formerly also: †the abuse of power or authority to persecute or oppress (obsolete).In quots. 1609, a1796 personified.domestic, gang, mob violence, etc.: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force
strong handOE
strengthOE
strenghc1300
violencec1300
mightc1325
stuntisea1327
forcea1340
enforcing138.
forcinga1382
forcenessc1400
violation?c1500
efforce1549
enforcement1577
Stafford law1589
vexation1605
club-law1612
aspertee1660
physical force1716
strong arm1836
savaging1858
muscle1879
strong-arming1906
c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 932 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 133 Ȝif ani man hond on ov set, ich ov hote al-so Þat ȝe þe sentence of holi churche, for swuche violence ȝe do.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Job xxiv. 6 Þe feld not þers þei destroȝen, & his vyne whom bi violence [L. vi] þei oppresseden þei kutten þe grapis.
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 11142 Clerk to bete, or handes on ley yn vyolence, hyt ys grete eye.
a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 1175 Þe world es..a sted of mykel wrechednes,..Of filthe and of corrupcion, Of violence and of oppression.
?a1475 G. Banester Guiscardo & Ghismonda (BL Add.) l. 389 in H. G. Wright Tales from Decameron (1937) 24 (MED) Sen yhe lyst be awroken, Punyshinge thys dede with vtter malivolence, Forsoth it ought nat on hym to be tokyn, For it wor wrong and tyranly wiolence.
1516 Lyfe St. Birgette in Kalendre Newe Legende Eng. (Pynson) f. cxxiii When ye cytezens sawe yt by prayers they profyted nat somwhat with vyolence, neuerthelesse reuerently they ledde hir out of hir house vnto the watersyde.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xxxviij Then might they also be in the more hope to giue the repulse to the Turke, with all his violence.
1609 T. Dekker Worke for Armorours sig. D4 Violence hath borne many great offices, and Money hath done much for him.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xx. 102 Promises proceeding from fear of death, or violence, are no Covenants.
1718 Free-thinker No. 58. 2 Almost all the Governments..had their Commencement in Violence.
1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia II. xxxvii. 80 The violence of war admits no distinction.
a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 371 Mark ruffian Violence, distain'd with crimes, Rousing elate in these degenerate times.
1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. ix. 524 The Government..protected them against the perils of violence and rapacity.
1868 A. P. Stanley Hist. Mem. Westm. Abbey iii. 145 No other presumable mark of violence was seen.
1933 A. G. Macdonell England, their England i. 12 If you lay a finger on him and pinch his watch at the same time, that's robbery with violence.
1955 Times 20 Aug. 5/2 Some of them were indulging in violence and arson, adopting ‘hit and run’ tactics.
1972 Science 23 June 1301/1 Only 35 percent of American men define ‘police shooting looters’ as violence and only 56 percent define ‘police beating students’ in this manner.
2013 East Valley Tribune (Mesa, Arizona) (Nexis) 2 Feb. A plot heavy with explicit language, sex and violence.
b. An instance or case of this; a violent or damaging act; a physical assault. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [noun] > an instance of
violencea1393
wrong1398
scathec1440
spoil1551
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force > act or instance of
outragec1300
violencea1393
forcea1481
stratagem1581
violency1632
savaging1858
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 3454 The tidinge of this violence..Sche sende anon ay wydewhere To suche frendes as sche hadde.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. l. 5261 (MED) Ȝe wil make restitucioun Of þe harmys and þe violencis.
c1480 (a1400) St. Pelagia 234 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 211 Þe feynde..can cry,..‘alace! I thole but defence of hyme þis ald gret wyolence’.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 189 Curage in thame was noucht begonne to spring, Full sore thay dred to done a violence.
1596 E. Spenser View State Ireland 510 b She perhaps, for very compassion of such calamities, will not only stop the stream of such violences, and return to her wonted mildness, but [etc.].
1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης Pref. sig. B4v A tedious..warr on his subjects, wherein he hath so farr exceeded those his arbitrary violences in time of peace.
1682 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Rights Princes (new ed.) ii. 64 He laments the Violences that were used in some Elections.
1759 H. Walpole Let. 23 Dec. in Corr. (1941) IX. 262 Has your brother told you of the violences in Ireland?
1783 A. Hamilton Let. 1 June in J. C. Hamilton Hist. Republic U.S.A. in Writings A. Hamilton (1858) II. 534 Suppose a violence committed by an American vessel on the vessel of another nation upon the high seas [etc.].
1817 J. Yeates Rep. Supreme Court Pennsylvania 1 481 A violence committed by the defendant on the negro in New Jersey.
1818 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 33 12 They saw nothing but the violences on Sir Francis's side.
1941 J. R. R. Tolkien Let. 9 June (1995) 55 It is to sloth, as much or as more than to natural virtue, that we owe our escape from the overt violences of other countries.
2002 S. Burke Deadwater iv. 34 As adults, they'd play over the violences with a grim nostalgia.
2. Great strength or power of a natural force or physical action, esp. when destructive or damaging; violent motion or effect.Sometimes merging into sense 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun]
brathc1175
reighshipc1275
airc1300
ragec1330
sturdinessc1384
violencea1387
fierceness1435
vehemencyc1487
furiosity1509
fiercetya1513
bremeness?1529
boistousness1530
vehemence1535
bruteness1538
violency1538
violentness1544
vehementness1561
wrath1579
fury1585
torture1605
keenness?1606
ragingness1621
stiffness1623
rapt1632
tempestuousness1648
boisterousnessa1650
rampancy1652
boisture1667
untamedness1727
paroxysm1893
storminess1894
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 391 (MED) Phelip was..i-warned þat he schulde kepe and save hym self from þe violence [L. violentia] of a chariot.
?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 151 Sum ware drouned by violence of þe wawes.
c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 775 Whan a pipe is blowen sharpe The aire ys twyst with violence.
a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 12210 I..sawh a whel..By vyolence tourne aboute Contynuelly to-ffor my fface.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccccxiiijv Than chiefly was the city maruelouslye beaten with shot, the violence wherof was so great, that [etc.].
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 513 The river Aufon..breaketh forth with more violence upon the flats adioyning.
1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 1 The vessel..shall be made as high as may be, that it may give so much the more violence to the Water.
1706 Boston News-let. 4 Feb. 2/2 Presuming to go home late at night, notwithstanding the Violence of the Storm of Snow.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §61 (note) The strokes of the sea may at the Edystone be so great as to wash the poison out again from the wood, that in a situation of less violence could..slowly insinuate itself.
1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 104 He knocked a fourth time, and with violence.
1862 C. Darwin On Var. Contrivances Orchids Fertilised ii. 57 The pollinia cannot be jarred out of the anther-cells by violence.
1935 G. Blake Shipbuilders v. 166 The chair..overturned with a clatter in the violence of his leap to the bedside of his friend.
1991 Time 1 July 60/1 The violence of the collision..blasted out a tremendous crater.
2006 Field & Stream May 58/1 The V-notch of foaming water disappears with such violence that the idea of running it is laughable.
3. Great intensity or severity, esp. of something destructive or undesirable. Frequently with of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] > specifically of conditions or influences
violencea1393
vehemency1546
the world > matter > colour > colour relationships > [noun] > excessive contrast
violence1818
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 24 Wrathe..Which hath hise wordes ay so hote, That all a mannes pacience Is fyred of the violence.
?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 70 Oft tymes he fell by violence of þat sekeness.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 28 Rye..suffereth the violence of mystes and frostes.
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies ii. x. 103 Arabia, the which is burnt with the Sunne, having no showres to temper the violence thereof.
1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words at Intercident An extraordinary critical day,..being caused by the violence of the disease.
1714 J. Purcell Treat. Cholick 137 If an Inflammation arises,..Bleeding is to be order'd, and repeated according to its Violence.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho IV. iii. 44 She went off as peacefully as a child, for all the violence of her disorder was passed.
1818 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 279/1 It is the every-day effect of Nature, without any poetic licence of composition in form, or forced violence of contrast in colouring.
1854 W. McKenzie Pract. Treat. Dis. Eye (rev. ed.) xiii. 450 In many cases there is..scarcely any remission in the violence of the pain.
1923 A. Huxley Antic Hay xxi. 290 Mrs. Viveash had been reduced, by the violence of her headache, to coming home..for a rest.
1949 G. Texidor These Dark Glasses 6 He is sweating and pale with the violence of the heat.
1992 P. Slack in T. Ranger & P. Slack Epidemics & Ideas (1995) i. 6 The violence of the epidemic..can be measured in a number of ways.
4. Vehemence or intensity of emotion, behaviour, or language; extreme fervour; passion.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > violent emotion > [noun]
woodnessc1000
furyc1374
ferteec1380
ragea1393
violencea1393
excess1423
zeala1425
vehemence1445
extremity1509
franticnessa1529
vehemency1534
wildnessc1540
impotency1542
violent1576
distraughture1594
distraught1610
distractiona1616
distractedness?1617
entrancement1637
distractfulnessa1640
impotencea1640
transportment1639
transportednessa1656
violent1667
whirl1707
rave1765
Sturm und Drang1857
storm and stress1879
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] > specifically of personal feelings or actions
ragea1393
violencea1393
vehemence1445
vehemency1534
vehementness1561
impetuosity1639
rankness1640
impetuousness1656
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 607 (MED) Whi hast thou drede of so good on..in hire is no violence Bot goodlihiede and innocence.
c1460 Tree & 12 Frutes (McClean) (1960) 85 (MED) Paciens..brekith hasty likyngis and swagith þe violens þerof.
c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 663 But arche wives, egre in ther vyolence, Fers as tygre ffor to make affray.
1543 Chron. J. Hardyng lxxxv. f. lxviiii That cursed violence Of Mordredes pryde, and all his insolence.
1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. vii. f. 123 Which violence of tonge, & rashnes of wordes bulked out..was nothing els but a declaration & token of his traiterous hart.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. i. 223 Marke me, with what violence she first lou'd the Moore. View more context for this quotation
1654 E. Nicholas Papers (1892) II. 84 I was trubled to see the violence it putt him into.
1735 W. Somervile Chace iii. 544 He vents the cooling Stream, and up the Breeze Urges his Course with eager Violence.
1818 S. T. Coleridge Friend (1865) 142 To expect that the violence of party spirit is never more to return.
1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. ix. iii. 321 It was concluded by Akber's reproving the mullahs for their violence.
1871 F. W. Farrar Witness of Hist. iii. 102 The battering violence of his impassioned rhetoric.
1912 Collier's 9 Mar. 21/1 He sprang to his feet, livid. ‘That's a lie,’ and he stopped suddenly, startled by his own violence.
2002 New Yorker 13 May 98/1 Biting dissonances..spell out the violence of Orpheus' emotions as he descends into the underworld.
5.
a. A restriction on or alteration of natural action, behaviour, or inclination; an undue or enforced constraint. Chiefly with to, on, etc. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > restriction of free action > [noun] > of free play or development
violence?1531
violence?1535
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > [noun] > of free play or development
violence?1531
violence?1535
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > [noun] > entangling or confining > undue constraint
violence?1531
?1531 R. Whitford tr. Folowing of Christe iii. xii. f. lxxviv Somtyme it behoueth vs to vse as it were a vyolence [L. violentia] to our selfe and strongly to resyst and breke downe our sensual appetyt.
1581 W. Allen Apol. Two Eng. Colleges iv. f. 45 These are the lawes of the Realme (if we may so call such violences) to which we cannot conforme our selues.
1646 J. Gregory Notes & Observ. 25 Suspension, Lapidation, or the like just violences against Natures course.
1706 R. Estcourt Fair Example iv. i I yielded to the Intreaty of my Friends, Acted a violence on my reluctant Heart, And gave my trembling Hand..to Another.
1777 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (new ed.) I. 184 If he have but resolution enough..to impose a violence on himself.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §119 It would yet be a violence to myself, to refrain from doing the Proprietors justice.
?1824 L. Stanhope in R. Edgcumbe Lord Byron (1909) xvi. 205 It was a violence to his nature..either to conceal what he thought or to harbour revenge.
1874 E. B. Pusey Lenten Serm. 109 He..made it a violence to their engraced nature, not to choose Him.
1999 T. Wood Beginning Postmodernism ii. 25 Does Lyotard class jointly a variety of large narratives, thus imposing a violence on the diversity of narratives in our culture?
b. Undue constraint applied to nature, a trait, habit, etc., so as to restrict its development or use, or to alter it unnaturally. Chiefly with to. Now somewhat rare.Recorded earliest and now chiefly in to do violence to at Phrases 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > [noun]
safety?a1400
detentc1465
custodyc1503
straina1510
safeguard1528
violence?1535
safe custody1536
restrainta1547
detention?1570
retention1572
constraint1590
sickerness1678
deportation1909
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > restriction of free action > [noun] > of free play or development
violence?1531
violence?1535
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > [noun] > of free play or development
violence?1531
violence?1535
?1535 tr. M. Luther Treat. Good Workes sig. m.iiiv We must do vyolence to nature, and suffre ye vyolence be done vnto it [Ger. hie musz man der natur weh thun unnd weh thun lassenn], for here begynneth the batayle betwene the spiryte & the flesshe.
1596 T. Morton Treat. Threefolde State of Man ii. v. 303 Neither indeede is it any maruaile, that a naturall man should be vnable to resist and offer violence to his nature, to denie himselfe and all worldly pleasures.
a1639 J. Stoughton Righteous Mans Plea (1640) i. 36 He [sc. God] doth it irresistibly, and invincibly working so..upon our owne desires, that there is no violence to the will at all.
1671 Bp. S. Parker Def. Eccl. Politie ii. 104 If he have forced himself upon this trouble with reluctancy and violence to his Humour, [etc.].
1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. ii. Pref. 200 We must..not make our Reason and Philosophy perpetually offer violence to our Sight and other Senses.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. vi. iv. 252 He was obliged to attend near a Quarter of an Hour, though with great Violence to his natural Impetuosity, before he was suffered to speak. View more context for this quotation
1847 J. Yeowell Chron. Anc. Brit. Church ix. 93 The first Christian missionaries in Ireland seem to have carefully avoided all unnecessary violence to the ancient habits of the aborigines.
2007 A. Al-Azmeh Times of Hist. iii. 88 In the psychoanalytic terms used by one analysis.., this violence to nature is guaranteed by it constituting a ‘cultural super-ego’.
c. Improper treatment or use of a word or text; misinterpretation; misapplication; alteration of meaning or intention. Also: an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [noun]
wrestingc1444
pervertinga1450
corruptiona1513
straining1528
writhing?1532
hacking1539
violence1546
racking1556
wrying1562
wringing1565
detorting1579
wrest1581
detortion1598
wrench1603
torture1605
distorting1610
violencing1612
refraction1614
misacception1629
distortion1650
distorture1709
misacceptation1721
torturing1753
verbicide1826
stretch1849
twisting1890
queeringness1955
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [noun] > instance of
violence1546
wresting1551
wreathing1556
strain1579
wrest1581
mis-sense1615
by-signification1651
extortion1652
corruption1699
wrench1701
by-sense1782
corruptibility1847
torturing1855
twist1862
1546 J. Bale tr. John Frederick I in tr. J. Jonas True Hystorie Christen Departynge M. Luther f. 32 Hytherto haue they [sc. the Pope and Holy Roman Emperor] agaynst thy holye worde done thys vyolence [Ger. haben..gemutwilliget].
1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 143 But Master Camden with lesse violence..deriueth it [sc. dele] from the Bryttish Dole.
1659 J. Pearson Expos. Apostles Creed ii. 294 Being in some places Adonai cannot be read for Jehovah, without manifest violence offered to the Text.
1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura i. 7 Neither the Paradigmatic..or any of the Plastic, can..be call'd Sculpture, without a Catachresis and some Violence.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. vi. 46 A Passion which might, without any great Violence to the Word, be called Love. View more context for this quotation
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 371 Then a violence would be offered, as well to the words, as to the meaning of the party.
1875 E. White Life in Christ (1878) iv. xxvii. 446 The violence of the proposed interpretation is..conspicuous.
1948 L. S. Chafer Systematic Theol. III. xx. 371 To this one requirement no other obligation may be added without violence to the Scriptures.
2003 in A. Newcombe & L. Paradell Law & Pract. Investm. Treaties (2009) ix. 462 The ‘commitments’ subject matter of Article 11..may, without imposing excessive violence on the text itself, be commitments of the state itself as a legal person.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > non-observance or breach > [noun]
borrow-breacha900
brucheOE
breacha1382
violation1433
rupture1439
non-observance1453
misobservance1496
violating1523
swerving1545
infringinga1575
inobservation1579
recess1601
inobservancea1626
infringement1628
misobservancy1637
egression1651
nonconformity1653
unobservance1654
brack1658
infraction1673
violence1743
non-conformance1786
inobservancy1824
1743 H. Fielding Of Remedy Afflict. in Misc. I. 305 Nor is there any Dissuasive from such Contemplation [of the loss of friends]: It is no Breach of Friendship, nor Violence of Paternal Fondness.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > specific offences > [noun] > invasion of another's rights, tort, or damage > question of liability in
violence1802
1802 A. Browne Compend. View Civil Law & Law Admiralty v. 144 We have now done with the effect of the master's contracts, or violence, as to his owners, and proceed to consider how he and they are affected by his negligence.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 713 Violence, the question in tort, as to the amount of liability incurred by the owners for outrages and irregularities committed by the master.
Phrases
P1. to do violence to (also †unto): to inflict harm, injury, or damage on; (also) to restrict, constrain, or alter unnaturally; to distort the meaning of.In early use also with double object.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to
werdec725
wema1000
evilc1000
harmc1000
hinderc1000
teenOE
scathec1175
illc1220
to wait (one) scathec1275
to have (…) wrong1303
annoya1325
grievec1330
wrong1390
to do violence to (also unto)a1393
mischievea1393
damagea1400
annulc1425
trespass1427
mischief1437
poisonc1450
injurea1492
damnify1512
prejudge1531
misfease1571
indemnify1583
bane1601
debauch1633
lese1678
empoison1780
misguggle1814
nobble1860
strafe1915
to dick up1951
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > treat violently [verb (transitive)]
outragec1390
to do violence untoa1393
to lay violent hands on (or upon)a1428
to put hand(s) to (also in, on)1526
surprise1548
violate1584
violenta1661
bedevil1768
strong-arm1896
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)]
mareOE
shendOE
hinderc1000
amarOE
awemc1275
noyc1300
touchc1300
bleche1340
blemisha1375
spill1377
misdoa1387
grieve1390
damagea1400
despoil?a1400
matea1400
snapea1400
mankc1400
overthrowa1425
tamec1430
undermine1430
blunder1440
depaira1460
adommage?1473
endamage1477
prejudicec1487
fulyie1488
martyra1500
dyscrase?1504
corrupt1526
mangle1534
danger1538
destroy1542
spoil1563
ruinate1564
ruin1567
wrake1570
injury1579
bane1587
massacre1589
ravish1594
wrong1595
rifle1604
tainta1616
mutilea1618
to do violence toa1625
flaw1665
stun1676
quail1682
maul1694
moil1698
damnify1712
margullie1721
maul1782
buga1790
mux1806
queer1818
batter1840
puckeroo1840
rim-rack1841
pretty1868
garbage1899
savage1899
to do in1905
strafe1915
mash1924
blow1943
nuke1967
mung1969
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. l. 1937 Appolinus..telleth hem the violence Which the tretour Strangulio And Dionise him hadde do.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19325 Þai durst na uiolence to þam do For þe folk þam helded to.
?1535 [see sense 5b]. 1594 T. Kyd tr. R. Garnier Cornelia iv. i. 28 Iuba and Petreus, fiercely combatting, Haue each done other equall violence.
a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Knight of Malta v. ii, in Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Mmmmm3/2 They have done violence unto her Tomb, Not granting rest unto her in the grave.
1692 tr. C. de Saint-Évremond Misc. Ess. 93 I make no question, but that in the violence of the Triumvirate, he did much Violence to himself.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones IV. xii. iii. 206 To say the Truth, we have..often done great Violence to the Luxuriance of our Genius. View more context for this quotation
1800 A. Clarke Let. Methodist Preacher ii. 15 Never do violence to the word of God, by taking a text out of the connection in which his Spirit has placed it.
1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 474 They did violence to the majesty of the law,..and then, through profaning it, did violence to man.
1880 G. Smith Cowper iii. 41 Cowper himself was made to do violence to his intense shyness by leading in prayer.
1917 Northwestern Reporter 163 909/1 The words ‘at that time’ referred to, and only to, the time of the wife's death. Any other construction would do violence to the language employed.
1933 B. Gadelius Human Mentality ii. 83 Neurology and Psychiatry are sciences which are so intertwined..that they can only be separated by doing violence to the natural connection.
1991 N. Broude Impressionism (1997) vii. 158 Terms..which did not do violence to the original intentions of these still-Romantic painters of nature.
2001 J. Monahan et al. Rethinking Risk Assessm. vii. 133 An apparently serious statement of intention to do violence to a named victim.
P2. to make violence to (also on, etc.): = to do violence to at Phrases 1. Now somewhat rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > do harm [verb (intransitive)]
woundc897
to do or work wough?c1225
to do (work, make) scathec1275
annoy1340
nuisec1350
harm1362
scathe1488
to make violence to (also on, etc.)1529
prank1530
damnify1621
endamage1635
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > fall from chastity (of woman) [verb (intransitive)] > rape
to make violence to (also on, etc.)1529
1529 S. Fish tr. H. Bomelius Summe Holye Script. ii. sig. B.vii He that with a parfait faith and trust comyth vnto god he maketh violence [Du. doet..ghewelt] vnto the euerlastynge lyfe.
1597 W. Burton tr. Achilles Tatius Most Delectable & Pleasaunt Hist. Clitiphon & Leucippe 62 The theeues hauing espyed a ship wandring and floting about the coast made violence vpon her.
1657 S. Du Verger Humble Refl. 136 The Emperour, Kinge, Prelate, Prince, Preist and people, with vnanimous hartes, and ioynt endeuours, to make violence against heauen.
1683 F. C. Ph. tr. Crafty Lady 50 I intreat you to make violence to your modesty by liking that I send you my Coach.
1781 tr. P. Metastasio Ezio iii. i. 38 I dissembled till now, and was forced to make violence to my feelings.
1853 Crayon May 151/2 The extreme height of the dome..will make violence in the general outline of the mass.
1931 H. Lanz Physical Basis of Rime v. 167 His set of rules for successful riming recommends ‘to wrest no word from his natural propriety’, nor to make violence to grammatical order for the sake of rime.
1975 F. G. Perey in R. A. Schrack & C. D. Bowman Nucl. Cross Sections & Technol. II. 843/1 If one starts from the best estimates based on microscopic data, one must make violence to the microscopic data.
2006 C. Goggins Of Love & War viii. 40 What's needed is for us to learn how to make violence on ourselves instead of others.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
violencev.
/ˈvʌɪələns/, /ˈvʌɪəln̩s/, U.S. /ˈvaɪ(ə)ləns/ 1. transitive. To subject to violence; (also) to violate. Now rare.Particularly common in 17th cent.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (transitive)] > to person or thing
werdec725
wemc900
forworkOE
evilc1000
teenOE
grievec1230
misdoc1230
mischievec1325
shond1338
endamagec1374
unrighta1393
damagea1400
disvail14..
disavail1429
mischief1437
outrayc1440
prejudice1447
abuse?1473
injuryc1484
danger1488
prejudicate1553
damnify?a1562
wrack1562
inviolate1569
mislestc1573
indemnify1583
qualify1584
interess1587
buse1589
violence1592
injure1597
bane1601
envya1625
prejudiciala1637
founder1655
society > morality > dueness or propriety > moral impropriety > be morally improper for [verb (transitive)] > infringe or encroach on > transgress (any moral condition)
violate?a1475
transgress1526
inviolate1569
violence1592
1592 A. Munday tr. L. T. A. Masque of League sig. B1v It hath ouerthrowne the throne and royall Authoritie, violenced [Fr. violenté] the Magistrates, murdered the Prince.
1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus iii. 1 The one was so farre from violencing the other, as one of them could not stand without the other.
1650 tr. N. Caussin Angel of Peace 6 The most Sacred things are violenced, and the most Profane are licenced.
a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1686) III. 304 In doing otherwise he would thwart and violence his own conscience, and be self-condemned.
1703 Resol. Objections against Doctr. Holy Trinity 26/1 That no Mans Judgment be captivated or violenced that adheres to the Divine Oracles.
1885 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. (1894) VII. 56 The merchant who bought me threatened me with the bastinado and violenced me and took my virginity.
2009 P. Jacques Environmental Skepticism iv. 115 Wapner then goes on to say that non-human nature has been violenced in just this way.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > by violence
violent1529
throwc1598
violence1620
musclec1802
bulldoze1876
sandbag1887
1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent vii. 662 Shewing there was a desire to violence [It. violentar] the Fathers by wearinesse.
1647 H. Hammond Of Power of Keyes ii. 8 Sure 'twill not be thought reasonable, that these two shall be forced and violenced to consent to that.
1648 E. Symmons Vindic. King Charles (new ed.) 296 They have done what they could to violence him from his Religion.
Derivatives
ˈviolencing n. rare after 17th cent. the action of subjecting someone or something to violence; an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > harmful action > [noun]
illingc1220
wrake13..
violenta1382
damaginga1400
harminga1400
spitea1400
offendinga1425
deringc1540
disservice1599
damagement1603
violencing1612
damnificationa1631
injuring1651
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [noun]
wrestingc1444
pervertinga1450
corruptiona1513
straining1528
writhing?1532
hacking1539
violence1546
racking1556
wrying1562
wringing1565
detorting1579
wrest1581
detortion1598
wrench1603
torture1605
distorting1610
violencing1612
refraction1614
misacception1629
distortion1650
distorture1709
misacceptation1721
torturing1753
verbicide1826
stretch1849
twisting1890
queeringness1955
society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > action of compelling
constrainingc1380
forceagec1470
compelling1496
coarctinga1513
violencing1612
coercing1659
squeeze play1916
arm-twisting1924
1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus i. 6 Christ himself taxeth it as a violencing of the first institution.
a1631 J. Donne Ess. Divinity (1651) 82 The Distortions and violencing of Scriptures.
2006 M. Halsey Deleuze & Environmental Damage viii. 236 To be clear, this equates to a monumental violencing.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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