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单词 violin
释义

violinn.

Brit. /ˌvʌɪəˈlɪn/, U.S. /ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/
Forms: 1500s violine, 1600s vyoline, viallin, 1600s– violin.
Etymology: < Italian violino (Portuguese violino , Spanish violin ), < viola viola n.2 Compare violon n.
1.
a. A musical instrument in common use, having four strings tuned in fifths and played with a bow; a fiddle.In general structure the violin is composed of a resonant box of elaborately curved outline, and a neck or handle from the end of which the strings are stretched over a bridge to a tailpiece.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > violin
violon1552
violin1579
violet1688
catgut1709
macaroni fiddle1777
violan1850
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Apr. 103 I see Calliope speede her to the place, where my Goddesse shines: And after her the other Muses trace, with their Violines.
1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. B3v Then were it high time for..all Peace-Makers, to put vp their pipes, or else in steed of the soft violine, learne to sound a shrill trumpet.
1608 B. Jonson Masques in Wks. (1616) 964 The first [dance] was to the Cornets, the second to the Vyolines.
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. ii. vii. 173 Some excellently pleasing lesson plaide vpon soft wind-instruments, or violins.
1660 S. Pepys Diary 6 Mar. (1970) I. 78 I played upon a viall and he the viallin after dinner.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 258. ⁋4 Violins, Voices, or any other Organs of Sound.
1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 426 Orpheus or Amphion in bronze, playing upon a violin.
1842 E. Bulwer-Lytton Zanoni i. i He was not only a composer, but also an excellent practical performer, especially on the violin.
1884 H. R. Haweis My Musical Life I. 237 The violin is not an invention, it is a growth.
in extended use.1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 62 People..presently fancied the Moon, Mercury, and Venus to be a kind of Violins or Trebles to Jupiter and Saturn.
b. With distinctive premodifiers.
ΚΠ
1602 B. Jonson Poetaster iii. iv. sig. F Come, we must haue you turne Fiddler againe, slaue, 'get a Base Violin at your backe. View more context for this quotation
c1670 A. Wood Life (1891) I. 212 Before the restoration of K. Charles 2 and especially after, viols began to be out of fashion, and only violins used, as treble-violin, tenor and bass-violin.
1685 J. Playford (title) The division-violin: containing a collection of divisions upon several grounds for the treble-violin.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Word Violin, alone, stands for Treble Violin.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Counter-Tenor, Tenor, or Bass Violin.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 245/1 The tenor violin, in compass a fifth lower than the treble violin, appears to have preceded the latter.
c. to play first violin, to take the leading part. (Cf. fiddle n. Phrases) Similarly (rare), to play second violin, to take the subordinate part.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (intransitive)] > other
to take the right-hand file1616
first1635
to speak in capitals?1694
to take the (or a) lead1761
to play first (or second) fiddle1778
to play first violin1780
to be no great (some great, considerable, etc.) shakes1819
to pitch it strong1823
to come out strong1825
violin1895
repeat1923
1780 F. Burney Jrnl. Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (2003) IV. 99 [He] seemed to think nobody half so great as himself, &..chose to play 1st violin without further ceremony.
1902 G. B. Shaw Let. 20 May (1972) II. 273 I dont see Janet playing a silly second moral violin like Judith.
2. One who plays on the violin; a violinist.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > violin-player
violon1552
violin1667
violinistc1670
gut-scraper1707
violin-player1797
catgut-scraper1806
violan1850
1667 S. Pepys Diary 20 Feb. (1974) VIII. 73 They talk also how the King's viallin, Bannister, is mad.
c1670 A. Wood Life (1891) I. 485 Thomas Baltzar, one of the violins in the king's service.
1699 J. Jackson Let. 25 Dec. in S. Pepys Lett. & 2nd Diary (1932) 293 Corelli, the famous violin, playing, in concert with at least 30 more.
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 346/2 At the early age of twenty he was chosen to fill the situation of first violin in the royal chapel of Turin.
1878 J. Fothergill (title) The First Violin.
3. A variety of organ stop. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > string-tone stops
viol1688
violin1688
viol da gamba1826
gamba1829
viola da (also di) gamba1852
violon1852
aeolina1855
German gamba1860
aeoline1865
viola1876
violoncello1876
1688 Ber. Smith in Hopkins Organ (1870) 453 Choir Organ... A Violl and Violin, of mettle,..61 pipes,..12 foote.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
violin-bow n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > bow
fiddlestick14..
archon1480
stick?1570
bow1580
archet1640
arco1740
fiddle-bow1827
violin-bow1858
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Violin-bow, a bow strung with horse-hair, for playing on a violin.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2711/1 The Hindus claim to have invented the violin-bow.
violin-case n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > violin > case for
boot1594
fiddle-case1647
violin-case1685
1685 London Gaz. No. 2041/4 Lost.., a black Leather Violin-Case, with a Violin in it.
1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. xxxiv. 286 She might as well have been dressed in a violin-case.
violin class n.
ΚΠ
1864 C. Engel Music Most Anc. Nations 86 Two other Hindoo instruments..belonging to the violin class.
violin clef n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > notation > [noun] > clefs
clef1579
B clef1597
G1597
G clef1725
soprano clef1786
treble clef1786
tenor clef1806
violin clef1876
alto clef1879
1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 449/1 Violin clef, the G clef placed upon the first line of the stave.
violin concerto n.
ΚΠ
1889 G. Grove Dict. Music IV. 293/2 Mozart in his younger years was hardly less great as a violinist than a piano~player, and his Violin Concertos,..are the most valuable compositions in that form.
1934 A. L. Bacharach Mus. Compan. iv. 591 The pianoforte concertos of the modern repertory begin with J. S. Bach, who arranged sixteen violin concertos of Vivaldi for the clavier.
violin family n.
ΚΠ
1865 J. Hullah Transit. Period Mus. 34 Of these instruments it would easily be found that incomparably the most important were the Violin family.
violin-kind n.
ΚΠ
1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 198/1 Cruth,..a musical instrument of the violin kind.
violin music n.
ΚΠ
1861 J. S. Adams 5000 Mus. Terms 108 Corde vuide, in violin music, indicates the open string.
violin-piano n.
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2712/1 Violin-piano,..a form of the pianoforte patented..in England by Todd.
violin rosin n.
ΚΠ
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 242/2 (note) Violin rosin is called in French colophane.
violin school n.
ΚΠ
1862 Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 5438 Violin school for joint practice of the elementary and advanced classes.
violin sonata n.
ΚΠ
1889 G. Grove Dict. Music IV. 288/2 Towards..1630, we find the first compositions containing rudimentally the form of the classical Violin Sonata.
violin-stand n.
ΚΠ
1915 D. H. Lawrence Rainbow iii. 80 A drawing-room..with a piano and a violin-stand.
violin string n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > violin > strings of
gut1611
fiddle-string1728
violin string1841
1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands III. 160 Among the manufactures, those of the fine arts, leather, and violin-strings, are alone industriously practised.
1871 tr. H. Schellen Spectrum Anal. App. 433 The motion of a point near the end of a violin string.
1884 H. Thompson Tumours of Bladder 82 A very small écraseur, with violin-string ligature.
violin tribe n.
ΚΠ
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 346 A lyre, or lute,..may be considered..as the parent of all instruments of the violin tribe.
b.
violin-maker n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > making or fitting instruments > [noun] > instrument makers or fitters > violin maker or fitter
violin-maker1683
luthier1879
purfler1883
1683 London Gaz. No. 1862/8 Mr. Aguttar, Violin-Maker in the Strand.
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 346 The same author [M. Otto] also gives the names of many German violin-makers.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2711/2 Antonio Stradivarius..stands, by common consent, at the head of all violin-makers.
violin-making n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > making or fitting instruments > [noun] > strings
stringing1620
violin-making1875
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2711/2 The art of violin-making..appears to have reached its culminating point in the productions of the Cremonese school.
violin-player n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > violin-player
violon1552
violin1667
violinistc1670
gut-scraper1707
violin-player1797
catgut-scraper1806
violan1850
1797 Encycl. Brit. XII. 493 The most celebrated violin players of Italy..have been Farina, M. Angelo Rossi, [etc.].
1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. xii. 243 The late acquisition of a violin player in the servants' hall. View more context for this quotation
1865 S. Baring-Gould Bk. Were-wolves ix. 137 A violin-player, who..confessed to thirty-four murders.
violin-playing n.
ΚΠ
1815 J. Mayne Jrnl. 23 Jan. (1909) x. 250 The Romans have no idea of what good violin playing is.
1976 Y. Menuhin in D. Villiers Next Year in Jerusalem 335 The technical points of violin-playing common to the Jew and the gypsy.
c.
violin-like adj.
ΚΠ
1884 ‘E. Lyall’ We Two II. iii. 62 Violin-like sensitiveness of nature.
violin-shaped adj.
ΚΠ
1802 R. Hall Elem. Bot. 158 Panduriform, panduriformis, violin-shaped.
C2.
violin spider n. [see quot. 19692] a small brown and orange spider, Loxosceles læta, whose bite can be fatal to man and which is chiefly found in South America.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Aranea > miscellaneous types > laxosceles laeta (violin spider)
violin spider1969
1969 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 8 June 14/1 War on a colony of deadly South American violin spiders in Sierra Madre Memorial Park was intensified Saturday when the city of Sierra Madre called a commercial exterminator into the battle.
1969 Pest Control Oct. 54/2 The violin spider is so named because in most instances it has the discernible shape of a violin on its head. The handle of the violin points toward the abdomen.
1979 Daily Tel. 15 Dec. 15/3 Hundreds of thousands of poisonous violin spiders, whose bite can be lethal and for which there is no known antidote, have invaded Johannesburg.

Derivatives

vioˈlinic adj. (rare),
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [adjective] > violin
piccolo1832
violinistic1921
violinic1963
1963 V. Nabokov Gift iv. 231 He had no real understanding of the real, violinic essence of the anapaest.
violiˈnistic adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [adjective] > violin
piccolo1832
violinistic1921
violinic1963
1921 A. Rivarde Violin & its Technique i. 11 Many violinists..are constantly blustering with long bows, very often spoiling the phrasing and making violinistic rather than musical effects.
1978 Gramophone Aug. 348/3 The violinistic ‘treatments’ applied to every phrase are at first startling because people don't dare to play like this any more.
violiˈnistically adv.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [adverb] > violin
violinistically1977
1977 Y. Menuhin Unfinished Journey 376 Violinistically I can point to an understanding of my instrument which has grown day by day, year by year.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

violinv.

Brit. /ˌvʌɪəˈlɪn/, U.S. /ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/
Etymology: < violin n.
rare.
1. transitive. To entice by violin-playing. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > play stringed instrument [verb (transitive)] > entice by violin-playing
violin1708
1708 W. Darrell Suppl. to 1st Pt. Gentleman Instructed iv. 75 Was not Madam W. plaid out of her Reputation, and violin'd into a Match below her Quality?
2. intransitive. To play the violin; figurative, to play a leading part.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (intransitive)] > other
to take the right-hand file1616
first1635
to speak in capitals?1694
to take the (or a) lead1761
to play first (or second) fiddle1778
to play first violin1780
to be no great (some great, considerable, etc.) shakes1819
to pitch it strong1823
to come out strong1825
violin1895
repeat1923
1895 G. Meredith Amazing Marriage II. xxx. 66 How does he enjoy playing second fiddle with the maid while Mr. tall brown-face Taffy violins it to her ladyship?

Derivatives

violining n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > [noun] > playing violin
violinism1844
violining1899
1899 Daily News 15 Feb. 5/2 The songs..and the violining..all perfect in their degree.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1579v.1708
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