-adsuffix¹

Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element and the vowel in this suffix may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin -ad-, -as; Greek -αδ-, -άς.

Etymology: < classical Latin -ad-, -as (in e.g. hebdomas hebdomad n.) and its etymon ancient Greek -αδ-, -άς (in e.g. ἑβδομάς ), suffix forming nouns. Some early borrowings are partly via French forms in -ade (in the case of decade n., this has given the usual modern form).Ancient Greek -άς is used to form nouns from both verbs and nouns; in particular it is used to form collective numerals, after δεκάς decad n. (of Indo-European origin), and feminine patronymics, as Δρυάς dryad n. (compare -id suffix³). Found in Old English in a few isolated early borrowings, e.g. (in sense 1) hendecad n., miriada (see myriad n.), (in sense 2) Pleiad n. In late Middle English compare (in sense 1) ogdoad n., Olympiad n., (in sense 2) naiad n., oread n. In sense 3 compare especially Iliad n. Formations within English are found from the end of the 16th cent., e.g. (compare sense 3) partheniad n., Colubriad n., Columbiad n., (compare sense 1) decatessarad n., milliad n., quindecad n., quinquenniad n., (compare sense 2, in these instances specifically with reference to nymphs) Napaead n., nepheliad n., poliad n. With sense 3 compare -iad comb. form. In sense 4 originally in the terminology of John Lindley: compare magnoliad n., musad n., protead n. The spelling -ad also occurs in some words which etymologically show (unrelated) -ade suffix, and is the usual modern form of ballad n. and salad n.

1. Forming collective numerals, as monad n., myriad n., pentad n.; also (with reference to festivals or games occurring at a regular interval) Olympiad n., Pythiad n.

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2. In names of nymphs and constellations (representing Greek female patronymics), as dryad n., naiad n., Pleiad n.

3. In names of (esp. epic) poems, as Iliad n., Columbiad n. 1. Cf. -iad comb. form.

4. Forming nouns denoting plants belonging to one of the natural orders of John Lindley (1799–1865), or (in later use) one of the families that superseded these orders (generally corresponding to scientific Latin names ending in -aceae), as magnoliad n. (family Magnoliaceae), musad n., protead n., etc. Cf. -id suffix² 3.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

-adsuffix²

Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin ad.

Etymology: < classical Latin ad (preposition: see ad- prefix), on the model of uses of -ward suffix in English. Earliest in J. Barclay's coinages dextrad adv. and adj., dorsad adv., and coronad; compare:1803 J. Barclay New Anat. Nomencl. vii. 165 The new Terms, by a change of Termination, may be used Adverbially. Instead of the words upward, downward.., inward, and toward, which so frequently occur in almost every anatomical description, and in a sense fully as vague as superior, inferior.., external, and internal, we may, with a slight degree of variation, employ the new terms as so many adverbs. Thus..Coronad will signify towards the coronal aspect.

Forming adverbs and adjectives with the sense of ‘towards’ (the part or region denoted by the main element of the word), as dextrad adv. and adj., dorsad adv., laterad adv., orad adj. and adv.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	-ad
释义	-adsuffix¹ Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element and the vowel in this suffix may be reduced accordingly. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin -ad-, -as; Greek -αδ-, -άς. Etymology: < classical Latin -ad-, -as (in e.g. hebdomas hebdomad n.) and its etymon ancient Greek -αδ-, -άς (in e.g. ἑβδομάς ), suffix forming nouns. Some early borrowings are partly via French forms in -ade (in the case of decade n., this has given the usual modern form).Ancient Greek -άς is used to form nouns from both verbs and nouns; in particular it is used to form collective numerals, after δεκάς decad n. (of Indo-European origin), and feminine patronymics, as Δρυάς dryad n. (compare -id suffix³). Found in Old English in a few isolated early borrowings, e.g. (in sense 1) hendecad n., miriada (see myriad n.), (in sense 2) Pleiad n. In late Middle English compare (in sense 1) ogdoad n., Olympiad n., (in sense 2) naiad n., oread n. In sense 3 compare especially Iliad n. Formations within English are found from the end of the 16th cent., e.g. (compare sense 3) partheniad n., Colubriad n., Columbiad n., (compare sense 1) decatessarad n., milliad n., quindecad n., quinquenniad n., (compare sense 2, in these instances specifically with reference to nymphs) Napaead n., nepheliad n., poliad n. With sense 3 compare -iad comb. form. In sense 4 originally in the terminology of John Lindley: compare magnoliad n., musad n., protead n. The spelling -ad also occurs in some words which etymologically show (unrelated) -ade suffix, and is the usual modern form of ballad n. and salad n. 1. Forming collective numerals, as monad n., myriad n., pentad n.; also (with reference to festivals or games occurring at a regular interval) Olympiad n., Pythiad n. Categories » 2. In names of nymphs and constellations (representing Greek female patronymics), as dryad n., naiad n., Pleiad n. 3. In names of (esp. epic) poems, as Iliad n., Columbiad n. 1. Cf. -iad comb. form. 4. Forming nouns denoting plants belonging to one of the natural orders of John Lindley (1799–1865), or (in later use) one of the families that superseded these orders (generally corresponding to scientific Latin names ending in -aceae), as magnoliad n. (family Magnoliaceae), musad n., protead n., etc. Cf. -id suffix² 3. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2021). -adsuffix² Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin ad. Etymology: < classical Latin ad (preposition: see ad- prefix), on the model of uses of -ward suffix in English. Earliest in J. Barclay's coinages dextrad adv. and adj., dorsad adv., and coronad; compare:1803 J. Barclay New Anat. Nomencl. vii. 165 The new Terms, by a change of Termination, may be used Adverbially. Instead of the words upward, downward.., inward, and toward, which so frequently occur in almost every anatomical description, and in a sense fully as vague as superior, inferior.., external, and internal, we may, with a slight degree of variation, employ the new terms as so many adverbs. Thus..Coronad will signify towards the coronal aspect. Forming adverbs and adjectives with the sense of ‘towards’ (the part or region denoted by the main element of the word), as dextrad adv. and adj., dorsad adv., laterad adv., orad adj. and adv. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < suffix¹suffix²
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