vaccinian.

Brit.

/vakˈsɪnɪə/, U.S.

/vækˈsɪniə/

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: vaccine n., -ia suffix¹.

Etymology: Apparently < vaccine n. + -ia suffix¹.

Medicine.

1. Originally: the disease resulting from inoculation with infective material derived from pocks of cowpox (now historical); (occasionally also) †cowpox occurring naturally in cattle (obsolete). In later use: infection with or disease caused by vaccinia virus in humans, cattle, or other animals, resulting from vaccination or from contact with recently vaccinated people or infected animals; an instance or case of this.In humans, vaccination with vaccinia virus typically results in a localized eruption of vesicles and pustules at the site of vaccination, which heals with some scarring. In some cases, esp. in persons with eczema or certain other skin conditions, it may result in a generalized eruption (generalized vaccinia). It may also result in a severe illness with progressive enlargement and necrosis of the original lesions (progressive vaccinia), esp. in those who are immunosuppressed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle > [noun] > cowpox

cowpox1798

vaccine pock1799

vaccine1800

vaccinia1800

vacciola1801

pap pox1887

1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 411 (heading) Dr. Pearson, on Vaccinia.

1806 J. S. Knowles Let. 19 Aug. in Med. & Physical Jrnl. 16 335 We should..add the term Vaccinia as a classical title for the cow-pox, whether natural or inoculated.

1842 T. H. Burgess tr. P. L. A. Cazenave & H. E. Schedel Man. Dis. Skin 129 Genuine vaccinia is sometimes developed on the hands of ostlers.

1882 Michigan Med. News 5 33/1 Coincident with the onset of the epidemic..is the revivification of the question of the protective influence of vaccinia against variola.

1902 Jrnl. Hygiene 2 203 This condition in many of its features had a resemblance to natural vaccinia in the cow.

1944 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 27 May 737/2 Typical lesions appearing on inaccessible parts of a healthy skin would support a diagnosis of generalized vaccinia.

2010 Clin. Infectious Dis. 51 473/1 Severe infections, including those characterized by extensive lesions, generalized vaccinia, or progressive vaccinia, can be treated with vaccinia immune globulin..or cidofovir.

2012 Emerging Infectious Dis. 18 189/3 During bovine vaccinia outbreaks, VACV [= vaccinia virus] can be transmitted to farmers and those who milk cows.

2. The orthopoxvirus that is used in vaccination against smallpox; cf. vaccinia virus n. at Compounds.

ΚΠ

1926 Jrnl. State Med. 34 132 That another mammalian virus like sheep-pox could be successfully adapted to the cow and thereafter comport itself like vaccinia would be regarded as more within the bounds of possibility.

1938 P. P. Laidlaw Virus Dis. & Viruses 35 Like all viruses vaccinia is a strict intracellular parasite.

1954 G. P. Gladstone & W. E. van Heyningen in H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xxi. 376 Certain dermotropic viruses such as vaccinia will not parasitise the skin unless the cornified epithelium has been damaged, but only very slight pressure is needed to produce the necessary trauma.

2010 Clin. Infectious Dis. 51 473/1 As in this case, vaccinia can be cultured in routine cell cultures and more definitively identified by a laboratory that is part of the Laboratory Response Network.

Compounds

vaccinia virus n. the infectious agent used in vaccination against smallpox; spec. an orthopoxvirus distinct from smallpox virus and cowpox virus, which is maintained by passage in calves and in vitro.The origin of this virus is uncertain; it has often been thought to be a form of cowpox virus altered by passage in humans or by mutation or recombination, but also may have been a virus which at one time infected hosts other than humans or cattle but can no longer be found in such hosts.

ΚΠ

1882 Michigan Med. News 5 33/2 Another question which is being much discussed, is the effect which humanization has on the vaccinia virus.

1939 Brit. Jrnl. Exper. Pathol. 20 176 These results..indicate the virus of spontaneous cowpox is not the same as the strains of vaccinia virus examined.

1979 Jrnl. Hist. Med. & Allied Sci. 34 137 Vaccinia virus is regarded as a virus with no natural reservoir, propagated in laboratories and vaccine institutes.

2004 Nature 11 Mar. p. xi The highly attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is one alternative to the licensed smallpox vaccine called Dryvax.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	vaccinia
释义	vaccinian. Brit. /vakˈsɪnɪə/, U.S. /vækˈsɪniə/ Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: vaccine n., -ia suffix¹. Etymology: Apparently < vaccine n. + -ia suffix¹. Medicine. 1. Originally: the disease resulting from inoculation with infective material derived from pocks of cowpox (now historical); (occasionally also) †cowpox occurring naturally in cattle (obsolete). In later use: infection with or disease caused by vaccinia virus in humans, cattle, or other animals, resulting from vaccination or from contact with recently vaccinated people or infected animals; an instance or case of this.In humans, vaccination with vaccinia virus typically results in a localized eruption of vesicles and pustules at the site of vaccination, which heals with some scarring. In some cases, esp. in persons with eczema or certain other skin conditions, it may result in a generalized eruption (generalized vaccinia). It may also result in a severe illness with progressive enlargement and necrosis of the original lesions (progressive vaccinia), esp. in those who are immunosuppressed. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle > [noun] > cowpox cowpox1798 vaccine pock1799 vaccine1800 vaccinia1800 vacciola1801 pap pox1887 1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 411 (heading) Dr. Pearson, on Vaccinia. 1806 J. S. Knowles Let. 19 Aug. in Med. & Physical Jrnl. 16 335 We should..add the term Vaccinia as a classical title for the cow-pox, whether natural or inoculated. 1842 T. H. Burgess tr. P. L. A. Cazenave & H. E. Schedel Man. Dis. Skin 129 Genuine vaccinia is sometimes developed on the hands of ostlers. 1882 Michigan Med. News 5 33/1 Coincident with the onset of the epidemic..is the revivification of the question of the protective influence of vaccinia against variola. 1902 Jrnl. Hygiene 2 203 This condition in many of its features had a resemblance to natural vaccinia in the cow. 1944 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 27 May 737/2 Typical lesions appearing on inaccessible parts of a healthy skin would support a diagnosis of generalized vaccinia. 2010 Clin. Infectious Dis. 51 473/1 Severe infections, including those characterized by extensive lesions, generalized vaccinia, or progressive vaccinia, can be treated with vaccinia immune globulin..or cidofovir. 2012 Emerging Infectious Dis. 18 189/3 During bovine vaccinia outbreaks, VACV [= vaccinia virus] can be transmitted to farmers and those who milk cows. 2. The orthopoxvirus that is used in vaccination against smallpox; cf. vaccinia virus n. at Compounds. ΚΠ 1926 Jrnl. State Med. 34 132 That another mammalian virus like sheep-pox could be successfully adapted to the cow and thereafter comport itself like vaccinia would be regarded as more within the bounds of possibility. 1938 P. P. Laidlaw Virus Dis. & Viruses 35 Like all viruses vaccinia is a strict intracellular parasite. 1954 G. P. Gladstone & W. E. van Heyningen in H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xxi. 376 Certain dermotropic viruses such as vaccinia will not parasitise the skin unless the cornified epithelium has been damaged, but only very slight pressure is needed to produce the necessary trauma. 2010 Clin. Infectious Dis. 51 473/1 As in this case, vaccinia can be cultured in routine cell cultures and more definitively identified by a laboratory that is part of the Laboratory Response Network. Compounds vaccinia virus n. the infectious agent used in vaccination against smallpox; spec. an orthopoxvirus distinct from smallpox virus and cowpox virus, which is maintained by passage in calves and in vitro.The origin of this virus is uncertain; it has often been thought to be a form of cowpox virus altered by passage in humans or by mutation or recombination, but also may have been a virus which at one time infected hosts other than humans or cattle but can no longer be found in such hosts. ΚΠ 1882 Michigan Med. News 5 33/2 Another question which is being much discussed, is the effect which humanization has on the vaccinia virus. 1939 Brit. Jrnl. Exper. Pathol. 20 176 These results..indicate the virus of spontaneous cowpox is not the same as the strains of vaccinia virus examined. 1979 Jrnl. Hist. Med. & Allied Sci. 34 137 Vaccinia virus is regarded as a virus with no natural reservoir, propagated in laboratories and vaccine institutes. 2004 Nature 11 Mar. p. xi The highly attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is one alternative to the licensed smallpox vaccine called Dryvax. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < n.1800
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