单词 | vant hoff |
释义 | van't Hoffn. Chemistry. Used attributively and in the possessive to designate rules or hypotheses put forward by J. H. van't Hoff with reference to: a. Stereochemical properties of molecules. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > chemical theories > [adjective] > relating to stereochemistry van't Hoff1888 1888 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 54 597 (heading) Investigation of the second Van't Hoff hypothesis. 1979 A. Beknazarov tr. Potapov Stereochem. iv. 221 In the early thirties of our century there appeared data contradicting the van't Hoff second postulate—the assumption of free rotation about single bonds. b. The osmotic pressure of solutes in solution. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > solvents and solutes > [adjective] > osmotic theories van't Hoff1890 1890 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 58 845 (heading) Deductions from Van't Hoff's theory. 1890 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 58 846 The author..discusses the determination of the value of i for solids in solution from Van't Hoff's equation. 1926 H. S. Hatfield tr. H. Freundlich Colloid & Capillary Chem. 49 We can therefore distinghish from the group of properties which are comprehended in the van't Hoff theory a second independent group, which are due to the change of the internal pressure by the solute. These properties will be described as lyotropic; the influence of the solute upon the surface tension, the compressibility, the solubility of difficultly soluble substances, and others will be called lyotropic influences. 1978 P. W. Atkins Physical Chem. viii. 223 The equation simplifies into the van't Hoff equation: ΠV = nsRT. The van't Hoff equation is very suggestive of the ideal gas equation. c. The thermodynamics of chemical reactions. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > chemical theories > [adjective] > relating to thermodynamics van't Hoff1909 1909 H. J. H. Fenton Outl. Chem. I. xiii. 159 Van't Hoff's ‘principle of mobile equilibrium’ is an application of this rule [of le Chatelier] to the case in which the imposed constraint is an alteration of temperature. 1923 Chem. Abstr. 17 2211 This [calculation] is offered as a kinetic explanation of van't Hoff's rule that for a temp. rise of 10° the speed of a reaction is doubled. 1978 P. W. Atkins Physical Chem. ix. 262 This [sc. the Gibbs–Helmholtz equation] immediately implies the van't Hoff equation. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < |
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