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单词 utile
释义

utilen.2

/ˈjuːtɪli/
Etymology: < the specific epithet of the tree's Latin name: see utile adj. and n.1
The timber of a large West African forest tree, Entandrophragma utile, of the family Meliaceæ; also, the tree itself.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > African
shittima1382
citrus1555
cam-wood1699
jacaranda1753
kokerboom1774
quiver tree1789
geelhout1790
rooihout1790
yellowwood1790
mat-wood1792
assegai1793
assegai tree1793
hardpear1801
rooi els1801
argan1809
beaver-wood1810
mat tree1812
saffraan1819
salie1819
sneezewood1834
African teak1842
hyawaballi1851
sage-wood1854
mvule1858
til1858
yari-yari1858
cannibal stinkwood1859
kiaat1862
knobwood1862
milkwood1862
tryssil1862
sulphur-tree1863
khaya1864
cailcedra1866
flat-crown1868
umzimbeet1870
kuka1882
odum1887
iroko1890
opepe1891
Natal mahogany1904
muhimbi1906
obeche1906
agba1908
makoré1915
afara1920
agboin1920
abura1921
podo1922
afrormosia1923
guarea1936
Mansonia1936
dahoma1955
utile1956
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > utile
utile1956
1956 Handbk. Hardwoods (Forest Products Res. Lab.) 228 Utile reaches a height of 150 ft or more.
1956 Handbk. Hardwoods (Forest Products Res. Lab.) 228 In structure and general appearance utile resembles the closely allied sapele..and is somewhat more open in texture.
1970 Timber Trades Jrnl. 21 Mar. 54/1 There are now signs of weaker prices for utile.
1980 Yachts & Yachting 29 Feb. 680/2 As nice a piece of red utile as you'll see this side of a stereo cabinet.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2019).

utileadj.n.1

Brit. /ˈjuːtʌɪl/, U.S. /ˈjudl/, /ˈjuˌtaɪl/ (In sense B. usually)Brit. /ˈjuːtᵻli/, U.S. /ˈjutᵻli/, /ˈjutᵻleɪ/
Forms: late Middle English–1500s vtyle, 1500s utille, 1500s utyle, 1500s vtille, 1500s vtyll, 1500s–1600s vtile, 1600s utill, 1600s vtill, 1600s– utile.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French utile; Latin ūtile, ūtilis.
Etymology: As adjective (i) < Anglo-Norman and Middle French utile, Middle French utille (French utile ) useful, beneficial, profitable (1260; 12th cent. in Old French as utele ) < classical Latin ūtilis useful, profitable, advantageous, practical, convenient, expedient, valid, effective < ūtī to use (see use v.) + -ilis -il suffix. As noun originally after Middle French utile that which is useful (1588 in the source translated in quot. 1685 at sense B.; end of the 15th cent. in the sense ‘advantage, profit’; French utile), but in later use (ii) directly < classical Latin ūtile ‘that which is useful’, use as noun of neuter of ūtilis.Compare Old Occitan util (15th cent. or earlier), Catalan útil , Spanish útil (both 14th cent.), Portuguese útil (first half of the 15th cent.), Italian utile (late 13th cent.). Specific senses. With use as noun compare dulce n.1 2 and see the etymological note at that entry.
Now rare.
A. adj.
Useful, advantageous; of practical benefit. Also with to, †unto.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > [adjective]
bricheeOE
behovelyc950
bihevec975
nutOE
behovingc1175
behovesomec1330
noteful1372
helpfulc1384
serviceablea1393
nait?a1425
meet?a1439
steadable1467
opportunea1475
utile?1483
of service1559
good1577
deservient1578
steadful1585
useful1596
servient1606
handy1616
utible1623
utilious1652
lucky1703
functional1808
utility1895
eufunctional1963
?1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton iv. sig. i.ix I haue made this lytel book in double verses, the whiche conteynen two shorte and vtyle sentences for the symple folk.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope (1967) i. x. 80 Thus hit is of the euyll folk whiche for the good done to them, they yeld ageyne euyll... Theyre felauship is not good ne vtyle.
1518 H. Watson tr. Hystorye Olyuer of Castylle iii. sig. Aiiij To whome it semeth good and vtyll for the prosperyte of bothe partyes.
?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Eeii v Of all meates the best and most vtille to the body of man: is of capons.
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 73v The most pure and vtile substaunce.
1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures lxx. 284 To shew that the conquest thereof would have been far more utile unto us.
1678 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV iv. iii. 5 Means utile and conducible to the promoting of Divine glorie.
1772 Scots Mag. Apr. 194/2 Is it utile, is it dulce, for the landlords to alienate their people, and lose their money?
1839 J. Rogers Antipopopriestian i. 69 An order that He has given..to employ our energy in the utile pursuit of following.
1894 Advance (Chicago) 24 May There is the cost value... There is the productive or utile value.
1962 Mass. Rev. 3 454 In its fabrication of purely utile and functional articles like aeroplanes, dams, surgical instruments, it surpasses any previous age.
2010 L. Shriver So much for That (2011) x. 242 He had always cherished the fact that his wife made objects not only attractive but utile.
B. n.1
Usefulness; (with the) that which is useful. Usually contrasted with dulce (and compare sweet in quot. 1741).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > [noun]
usea1382
notefulheada1400
utilityc1400
serviceableness1579
behovefulness1592
usefulness1618
inservience1657
commodationa1676
utile1685
service1691
serviceability1845
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > [noun] > useful thing
beautya1425
utility?1483
card?1562
usefuls1649
utile1685
practicality1845
1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. III. iii. i. 2 Wherein he quitted the utile for the honest.
1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub v. 114 I..have skilfully kneaded up both together with a Layer of Utile and a Layer of Dulce.
1741 J. Fothergill Let. 19 Feb. in Chain of Friendship (1971) 54 The fruit is much larger than ours, and I think excels them in every respect in that one grand use of furnishing materials for Tarts, so that if the species can be propagated perhaps the utile as well as the sweet of curiosity may be reaped.
1852 Westm. Rev. Jan. 320 Mr. Putnam's two massive and elegant Christmas gift books indicate that America is ‘going a-head’ in the cultivation of the dulce, as well as in the pursuit of the utile.
1938 R. G. Collingwood Princ. Art v. 83 Mr. Galsworthy began his career by putting so much utile and so little dulce into his stage-puddings that only the very determined stomachs could digest them at all.
1991 W. L. Heat-Moon PrairyErth (2014) 185 On one occasion, the dulce was an interpretation of ‘Hiawatha's Wooing’, and on another the utile was a demonstration of a sausage grinder.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.21956adj.n.1?1483
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