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单词 urinal
释义

urinaln.

Brit. /jᵿˈrʌɪnl/, /ˈjʊərᵻnl/, /ˈjɔːrᵻnl/, U.S. /ˈjʊrən(ə)l/
Forms: Middle English–1600s vrinal, Middle English–1500s vrinall(e, Middle English vrynal, Middle English–1500s vrynall(e, 1500s–1600s urinall (1500s urinalle, 1600s urinell), 1600s– urinal; Middle English orinal, orynal; also Middle English vrnal, 1500s vrnall.
Etymology: < Old French urinal (12th cent.; also orinal , plural orignaulx ), < Latin ūrīnal , < ūrīna urine n.1 Compare Provençal orinal, urinal, Portuguese ur-, ourinol, Italian orinale, Spanish orinal.
1. A glass vessel or phial employed to receive urine for medical examination or inspection. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other medical equipment > [noun] > vessels > receiving vessels
hornc1000
urinalc1300
urinal-glass1651
receiver1767
urine-glass1880
Vacutainer1946
sick-bag1962
vomit bag1975
sample bottle1977
the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > general vessels > glass > others
urinalc1300
recipient1558
matrass1591
tritory1660
balloon1678
proof-glass1765
air-bell1782
transfer-jar1827
ignition tube1874
beaker1877
bell-jar1877
flask1878
steam-bomb1895
Nessler tube1906
oxygen bottle1932
c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 8845 He nam his vrnal [c1275 Calig. glæs-fat] anon an þe king meh þar-on. One wile after þan þe vrnal an honde he nam.
c1386 G. Chaucer Pardoner's Prol. 19 Thyne vrynals and thy Iurdones.
a1400 Seuyn Sages (W.) 1049 The yonge man..taketh an vrinal for to sen.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 370/1 Orynal, or vrynal, urinale.
1495 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 284 ij vrinalles, price iiij d.
1548 R. Record Vrinal of Physick (new ed.) iv. 14 b The Vrinall..shulde be of pure clere glasse, not thyck, nor greene in colour.
1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. R3 v Then shee neuer need to haue her water cast in an vrinall for the greene sicknes.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. ii. 53 Reasons drawn from the urine alone are as brittle as the urinall.
1685 R. Boyle Ess. Effects of Motion Suppl. 142 Thin Vessels of Glass, especially Urinals, to be diligently made clean with Sand.
1737 T. Knight Let. 20 Feb. in Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) (1744) 41 707 The Capillamenta, whilst in the Urinal, and till the Urine was decanted.
1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 19 While her maid is stirring a medicine in a spoon, and the physician looking into the urinal.
1858 J. L. W. Thudichum Treat. Pathol. Urine 19 In some hospitals the ancient urinal is still in use.
figurative.1650 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) i. 2 When I found those Letters..which he sends as Urinals up and down the world to look into his water for discovery of the crazie condition of his body.1663 G. Mackenzie Religio Stoici 19 There ye shall know by the Urinal of his eyes, and the water standing therein, what convulsion-fits his soul suffers.in extended use.1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xiv. 10/2 He beareth Argent, a vrinall Azure.
2. Alchemy. (See quot. 1738.) Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale 73 Sondry vessels maad of erthe and glas, Oure vrynals and our descensories.
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 1 Men call it a receiver or a urinall.
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 212 If ij urinals be set together.
1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xii. xvii. 261 Take a glasse viall full of holie water... On the mouth of the viall or vrinall, two oliue leaues must be laid.
1667 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities (ed. 2) 298 I took two parcels of Gold,..and having cast each of these in a distinct Urinal,..I caus'd [etc.].
1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) Urinal, in chemistry, is an oblong glass vessel, used for making solutions.
3. A chamber-pot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > privy or latrine > [noun] > chamber-pot, etc.
jordan1402
pissing vessel1440
pisspot1440
urinalc1475
pissing basin1481
piss bowlc1527
chamber vessel?1529
chamber pot1540
pot1568
jordan-pot1577
night-tub1616
looking-glassa1627
water-pot1629
chamber utensil1699
member-mug1699
utensil1699
pot de chambre1777
chanty1788
pig1810
piss bucket1819
chamber1829
jerry1859
po1880
thunder-mug1890
article1922
potty1937
honeypotc1947
totty-pot1966
piss-tin1974
c1475 Cath. Angl. 405/1 (A.) An Vrynalle, vrinaria,..vbi Jordane.
1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xviii. f. 168v Se, that I lacke nat by my beddis syde a chayer of easement:..and an vrnall bye.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 212v His groome whose dayly office it was to geve unto hym his urinall in his chaumbre.
1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 232 Not finding any of his Pages there, he..tooke the Vrinall himselfe, which stood at his beds head.
1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 13 Some Politicians..lyable to a night-walking cudgeller, or the emptying of a Urinall.
1695 W. Congreve Love for Love ii. i. 20 Did I..warm your Bed, and..set the Candle, and your Tobacco-Box, and your Urinal by you..?
1739 ‘R. Bull’ tr. F. Dedekind Grobianus p. viii He finds Occasion to inspect the Urinal and the Bed-pan.
a1774 O. Goldsmith tr. P. Scarron Comic Romance (1775) I. vi. 35 Pray reach me the chamber-pot, quoth Rancour... The other..took up the urinal, and gave it to Rancour.
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 540 Forming red sand on the surface, as it probably would otherwise have done in the bladder or the urinal.
1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 342 The use of chloral to keep free from odor the urinals of paraplegics.
in extended use.1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Urinal of the Planets, Ireland,..because of its frequent and great Rains.
4. A vessel or reservoir with conductor worn on the person for incontinence of urine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other medical equipment > [noun] > vessels > receiving vessels > for use in incontinence
urinal1855
1855 J. Ogilvie Suppl. Imperial Dict.
1895 Catal. Surg. Instruments (Arnold & Sons) 707 Urinals for Invalids, Travellers, etc. The best quality of Urinals are all made of specially prepared Ætherized India-rubber.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 244 The wearing of indiarubber urinals, and other means of avoiding ‘accidents’.
5. A building, erection, or enclosure for accommodating persons when requiring to pass urine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > privy or latrine > [noun] > urinal
pissing place1440
pissing post1619
leaking tub1673
leaking vessel1673
pissery1693
urinary1836
urinal1851
pissoir1919
pisser1950
urinoir1955
House of Lords1961
1851 J. H. Stirling in A. H. Stirling Life (1912) vi. 106 I had put my back to one of the urinals.
1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 319 Earthen-ware or slate urinals should be used, with water running through them.
1898 G. B. Shaw Candida in Plays Pleasant & Unpleasant 29 A vast district..well served with ugly iron urinals.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as urinal-like, urinal metal.
ΚΠ
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Vrinaire,..vrinall-like.
a1652 R. Brome Queenes Exchange (1657) iv. E 4 b/2 He thinks my skull's made but of urinal mettal.
?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 99 Urinal Cleaner, Attendant, &c.
C2.
urinal cherry n. Obsolete see quot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > stone fruit > cherry > types of cherry
black cherry1530
geana1533
Plinian1577
mazzard1578
mazardc1595
merry1595
Flanders cherry1597
heart cherry1599
cherrylet1605
agriot1611
morel1611
cœur-cherry1626
bigarreau1629
May-cherry1629
morello1629
urinal cherry1629
white-heart cherry1629
duracine1655
heart1658
black heart1664
carnation1664
duke1664
honey cherrya1671
nonsuch1674
merise1675
red-hearta1678
prince royal1686
lukeward1707
white-heart1707
May duke1718
Royal Ann1724
ox-heart1731
ratafia1777
choke-cherry1785
mountain cherry1811
rum cherry1818
sour cherry1884
Napoleon1886
Napoleon cherry1933
1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 572 The Vrinall Cherrie..is long and round, like vnto an Vrinall.
urinal-glass n. = sense 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other medical equipment > [noun] > vessels > receiving vessels
hornc1000
urinalc1300
urinal-glass1651
receiver1767
urine-glass1880
Vacutainer1946
sick-bag1962
vomit bag1975
sample bottle1977
1651 J. French Art Distillation i. 37 Put upon it another urinall-glasse inverted.
urinal monger n. (also urinal quack, urinal-shaker) Obsolete a quack doctor who diagnoses by inspecting the urine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > healer > physician > [noun] > ignorant or untrained > charlatan > diagnosing by inspection of urine
urinal monger1650
1650 A. Cowley Guardian ii. v. sig. B4 That damn'd Urinal-monger..has not so much physick as would cure the toothach.
1663 A. Cowley Cutter of Coleman-St. ii. viii. 26 Cut. Confusion to the Quack... Wor. He's a kind of Grave-maker, Cut. A Urinal Shaker.
1763 J. Clubbe Physiognomy 7 How came this art into reputation?.. By the same means that Urinal Quacks and Conjurors have had a run here.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

urinaladj.

Brit. /jᵿˈrʌɪnl/, /ˈjʊərᵻnl/, /ˈjɔːrᵻnl/, U.S. /ˈjʊrən(ə)l/
Etymology: < French urinal (16th cent.), < late Latin ūrīnālis , < ūrīna urine n.1
? Obsolete.
1.
a. Of or pertaining to, consisting or characteristic of, urine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > urine > [adjective]
urinal?1541
excrementous1600
excrementious1636
urinary1646
urinous1670
excremential1847
excrementitial1857
pissy1922
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Iiv Wherby receyueth the bladder the superfluite vrynal of the kydnees?
1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. xxxvi. 163 The pisse of that Urinal flood, ran glib away.
1703 T. H. (title) Compleat Treatises of Urines, shewing the right Method of Urinal Prognostication.
1743 W. Ellis Suppl. to London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) 285 Though it be of an Urinal Taste.
b. Marked by immoderate discharge of urine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > urinary disorders > [adjective] > excessive urination
diuretical1601
diuretic1768
urinal1822
polyuric1870
hydruric1897
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 459 Both [kinds of diabetes] were named indifferently diabetes..urinary diarrhœa, urinal dropsy, and..water-flux.
2. = urinary adj. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > urinary system > [adjective]
urinary1578
urinal1615
uriniferous1744
uropoietic1783
uriniparous1857
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 212 The Pipe or Canale of the yarde which in greeke they call οὐρήθραν, the vrinall pipe.
1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 154 They..purge the reines, and vrinall passages.
1651 Record's Urinal of Physick (new ed.) To Rdr. sig. A 2v The Urine..returneth back again in the veines, to the liver and urinall vessels.
1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 10 512 The effects of..cantharides to the urinal system.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.c1300adj.?1541
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